Strong Q3 results driven by market momentum and focused execution

Company increases outlook for fiscal year ending January 31, 2026

Cognyte Software Ltd. (NASDAQ:CGNT) (the "Company," "Cognyte," "we," "us" and "our"), a global leader in software-driven technology for investigative analytics, today announced results for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025 ("Q3 FYE26" and "YTD FYE26").

Financial Summary for Three Months Ended October 31, 2025

Q3 FYE26 Revenue was $100.7 million, up approximately 13.2% compared to the same period last year.
Q3 FYE26 GAAP operating income was $3.2 million, compared to an operating loss of $2.2 million in the same period last year.
Q3 FYE26 Non-GAAP operating income was $9.0 million, compared to operating income of $3.4 million in the same period last year.
Q3 FYE26 GAAP Net loss was $3.4 million, compared to a net loss of $2.6 million in the same period last year. The higher loss this quarter was primarily driven by increased tax expenses and foreign exchange impacts.
Q3 FYE26 Adjusted EBITDA was $11.9 million, compared to $6.6 million in the same period last year, growing significantly faster than revenue.

Financial Summary for the Nine Months Ended October 31, 2025

YTD FYE26 Revenue was $293.8 million, up approximately 14.7% compared to the same period last year.
YTD FYE26 GAAP operating income was significantly improved at $8.1 million, compared to an operating loss of $5.8 million during the same period last year.
YTD FYE26 Non-GAAP operating income was $24.6 million, up nearly three times from the $9.7 million generated during the same period last fiscal year.
YTD FYE26 GAAP Net loss was $0.5 million, compared to a net loss of $7.0 million during the same period last year.
YTD FYE26 Adjusted EBITDA was $33.2 million, compared to $19.9 million during the same period last year, representing an increase of approximately 67%.

Balance Sheet and Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

During Q3 FYE26, the company bought approximately 152,000 ordinary shares for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $1.3 million under the share repurchase program approved by the board of directors in July 2025.
During the third quarter, we further strengthened our cash position, which increased to $106.6 million, with no debt, reflecting disciplined working-capital management.
During the three months ended October 31, 2025, net cash provided by operating activities was $25.0 million, compared to $12.3 million in the same period last year. The significant increase was a result of strong collections and improved profitability.

Management Commentary

"Our strong performance reflects our leadership in AI-driven investigative analytics," said Elad Sharon, Cognyte's chief executive officer. "Our relentless innovation is rooted in the real operational needs of today and tomorrow. As operating environments become more high-stakes, customers turn to us to help them solve complex, multi-dimensional challenges with mission-proven actionable intelligence."

"We continued executing well, delivering another quarter of strong results, and are pleased to raise our full-year outlook," said David Abadi, Cognyte's chief financial officer. "We have a track record of consistently delivering revenue growth, margin expansion and strong cash generation. Market demand and our strong execution position us to further deliver sustained, profitable growth and long-term shareholder value."

FYE26 Outlook

Our outlook for the year ending January 31, 2026 ("FYE26" and "Fiscal 2026") is as follows:

Revenue: $400 million, with a range of +/- 1%, which represents approximately 14% year over year growth at the midpoint of the range.
Adjusted EBITDA: Approximately $47 million at the midpoint of our revenue range, representing approximately 60% year-over-year growth.
Non-GAAP Diluted EPS: $0.24 at the midpoint of our revenue range.

Additional Financial and Operational Data for the Third Quarter and Nine Months Ended October 31, 2025

Q3 FYE26 and YTD FYE26 Total Software revenue, which is the combination of software and software services revenue, increased by $13.5 million and $30.8 million, up 17.9% and 13.8%, respectively, compared to the same period last year.
Q3 FYE26 and YTD FYE26 Software revenue increased by $11.9 million and $27.5 million, up 39.6% and 31.1%, respectively, compared to the same period last year. The increase was mainly driven by increased demand for our software solutions.
Q3 FYE26 and YTD FYE26 Software services revenue increased by $1.6 million and $3.3 million, respectively, compared to the same period last year.
Q3 FYE26 and YTD FYE26 Professional services and other revenue decreased by $1.7 million and increased by $6.9 million, respectively, compared to the same period last year primarily related to revenue recognition timing.
Q3 FYE26 Recurring Revenue⁽¹⁾increased by 1.2% to $47.5 million, compared to the same period last year and was 47.1% of total revenue.
Q3 FYE26 Non-GAAP Gross profit and margin were $73.6 million and 73.1%, respectively, a significant increase of $11.2 million and 297 bps improvement compared to the same period last year. The increases reflect the continuing revenue growth and efficiencies related to COGs.
YTD FYE26 Non-GAAP Gross profit and margin were $212.7 million and 72.4%, respectively, an increase of $31.3 million and 156 bps improvement compared to the same period last year.
Q3 FYE26 Billings⁽²⁾ increased by 2.9% to $107.7 million compared to the same period last year.
Total Backlog⁽³⁾ at the end of Q3 FYE26 was $458.7 million and short-term Backlog was $269.5 million.
Total RPO⁽⁴⁾was $576.6 million at the end of Q3 FYE26 compared to $567.6 million at the end of Q3 FYE25.
Short-term RPO⁽⁴⁾ at the end of Q3 FYE26 increased to $358.9 million, providing solid visibility into revenue over the next 12 months.

For information about the non-GAAP financial measure or key metric, please see "Supplemental Information About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Key Metrics" at the end of this release.

(1) Recurring Revenue – Recurring revenue is comprised primarily of revenue from support contracts as well as revenue from subscription offerings.

(2) Billings – Revenue plus the change in contract liabilities, contract assets and unbilled balances.

(3) Backlog represents unbilled amounts contracted under contracts deemed certain to be invoiced.

(4) RPO, or remaining performance obligations, represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods.

Conference Call Information

We will conduct a conference call today at 8:30 a.m. ET to discuss our results for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025. A real-time webcast of the conference call with presentation slides will be available in the Investor Relations section of Cognyte's website. Those interested in participating in the question-and-answer session need to register at: https://register-conf.media-server.com/register/BIb7416098ccf4458dab35e1672badec8f to receive the dial-in numbers and unique PIN to access the call seamlessly. It is recommended that you join 10 minutes prior to the event start (although you may register and dial in at any time during the call). An archived webcast of the conference call will also be available in the "Investors" section of the company's website.

About Cognyte Software Ltd.

Cognyte is a leading software-led technology company, focused on solutions for data processing and investigative analytics which allow customers to generate actionable intelligence from their data, thereby enabling a safer world. Cognyte's solutions empower law enforcement, national security, national and military intelligence agencies, and other organizations to navigate an increasingly complex landscape. With offerings that leverage state-of-the-art technology, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data analytics and advanced machine learning. Cognyte enables smarter, faster decisions for successful outcomes. Hundreds of customers rely on Cognyte solutions to uncover critical insights from past events and anticipate emerging threats. By harnessing AI-driven intelligence, Cognyte accelerates investigations with exceptional speed and accuracy while enabling customers to better anticipate, predict and mitigate threats with greater precision. Learn more at www.cognyte.com/.

About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Key Metrics

This press release and the accompanying tables include non-GAAP financial measures and other key metrics. For a description of these non-GAAP financial measures and other key metrics, including the reasons management uses each measure and metric, and reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures presented for completed periods to the most directly comparable financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, please see the tables below as well as "Supplemental Information About Non-GAAP Financial Measures" at the end of this press release.

Our non-GAAP outlook for FYE26 excludes the following GAAP measures for which we are able to provide a range of probable significance:

Stock-based compensation is expected to be between approximately $20.5 and $22.5 million, assuming market prices for our ordinary shares are generally consistent with current levels.
Amortization expense of other acquired intangible assets is expected to be approximately $0.5 million.

For additional information about our expectations for FYE26, please refer to the Q3 FYE26 conference call we will conduct on December 9, 2025.

Our non-GAAP outlook unless otherwise specified, reflects foreign currency exchange rates approximately consistent with current rates, and does not include the potential impact of any business acquisitions that may close after the date hereof.

We are unable, without unreasonable effort, to provide a reconciliation for other GAAP measures which are excluded from our non-GAAP outlook, including the impact of future business acquisitions or future acquisition expenses, future restructuring expenses, and non-GAAP income tax adjustments due to the level of unpredictability and uncertainty associated with these items. For these same reasons, we are unable to assess the probable significance of these excluded items. While historical results may not be indicative of future results, actual amounts for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively, for the GAAP measures excluded from our non-GAAP outlook appear in Table 4 of this press release.

Caution About Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and Section 21E of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding expectations, predictions, views, opportunities, plans, strategies, beliefs, and statements of similar effect relating to Cognyte. All statements contained in this press release that do not relate to matters of historical fact should be considered forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements do not guarantee future performance and are based on management's expectations that involve a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other important factors, any of which could cause our actual results or conditions to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the forward-looking statements. Some of the factors that could cause our actual results or conditions to differ materially from current expectations include, among others: uncertainties regarding the impact of changes in macroeconomic and/or global conditions; risks related to geopolitical changes and investor visibility constraints; risks related to new tariffs and retaliatory measures that may adversely affect the economy and reduce government spending; risks related to the impact of inflation and related volatility on our financial performance; risks relating to adverse changes to the regulatory constraints to which we are subject; risks related to the impact of disruptions to the global supply chain; risks resulting from health crises; risks related to conditions in Israel including Israel's conflict with Hamas and other terrorist organizations in the region since October 7, 2023; risks associated with customer concentration and challenges associated with our ability to accurately forecast revenue and expenses; risks associated with political and reputational factors related to our business or operations; risks associated with our ability to keep pace with technological advances and challenges and evolving industry standards; risks relating to proprietary rights infringement claims; risks relating to defects, operational problems, or vulnerability to cyber-attacks of our products or any of the components used in our products; risks related to the strengths of our intellectual property rights protection; risks that we may be unable to establish and maintain relationships with key resellers, partners, and system integrators and risks associated with our reliance on third-party suppliers for certain components, products or services; risks due to the aggressive competition in all of our markets; challenges associated with our long sales cycles and with the sophisticated nature of our solutions; risks associated with our ability or costs to retain, recruit and train qualified personnel; risks relating to our ability to properly manage investments in our business and operations, execute on growth or strategic initiatives; risks associated with acquisitions, strategic investments, partnerships or alliances; risk of security vulnerabilities or lapses, including cyber-attacks, information technology system breaches, failures or disruptions; risks associated with the mishandling or perceived mishandling of sensitive, confidential or classified information; risks associated with our failure to comply with laws; risks associated with our credit facilities or that we may experience liquidity or working capital issues and related risks that financing sources may be unavailable to us on reasonable terms; risks associated with changing tax laws and regulations, tax rates, and the continuing availability of expected tax benefits in the countries in which we operate; risks associated with our significant international operations, including due to our Israeli operations, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, and exposure to regions subject to political or economic instability; risks associated with complex and changing regulatory environments relating to our operations and the markets we operate in; risks relating to the adequacy of our existing infrastructure, systems, processes, policies, procedures, internal controls and personnel for our current and future operations and reporting needs; risks related to the tax treatment of our spin-off from Verint; risks related to our share repurchase program, and risks associated with different corporate governance requirements applicable to Israeli companies and risks associated with being a foreign private issuer; and other risks set forth and in Section 3.D - "Risk Factors" in our latest annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2025, that was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on April 2, 2025, and in our subsequent filings with the SEC. In addition, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks and uncertainties, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on its business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements that we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in this release are inherently uncertain and may not occur, and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. Accordingly, you should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Any forward-looking statement made in this press release speaks only as of the date hereof. Except as otherwise required by law, the Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances, or any other reason.


Table 1 COGNYTE SOFTWARE LTD. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended October 31,						Three Months Ended October 31,
(in thousands except share data)		2025			2024			2025			2024
Revenue:
Software	$	115,856		$	88,380		$	41,886		$	30,003
Software service		138,271			134,958			46,854			45,265
Professional service and other		39,672			32,789			11,998			13,732
Total revenue		293,799			256,127			100,738			89,000
Cost of revenue:
Software		16,793			13,815			7,222			3,779
Software service		32,858			33,351			11,428			11,463
Professional service and other		33,195			29,078			9,042			11,881
Total cost of revenue		82,846			76,244			27,692			27,123
Gross profit		210,953			179,883			73,046			61,877
Operating expenses:
Research and development, net		89,715			80,197			31,410			27,192
Selling, general and administrative		112,780			105,291			38,153			36,763
Amortization of other acquired intangible assets		357			218			280			73
Total operating expenses		202,852			185,706			69,843			64,028
Operating income (loss)		8,101			(5,823	)		3,203			(2,151	)
Other (expenses) income, net:
Interest income		1,583			1,773			427			673
Interest expense		(143	)		(59	)		(29	)		(20	)
Other (expenses) income, net		(2,193	)		14			(1,920	)		(270	)
Total other (expenses) income, net		(753	)		1,728			(1,522	)		383
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes		7,348			(4,095	)		1,681			(1,768	)
Provision for income taxes		7,853			2,923			5,062			794
Net loss		(505	)		(7,018	)		(3,381	)		(2,562	)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest		3,892			3,805			1,504			1,210
Net loss attributable to Cognyte Software Ltd.	$	(4,397	)	$	(10,823	)	$	(4,885	)	$	(3,772	)

Net loss per share attributable to Cognyte Software Ltd.:
Basic and diluted	$	(0.06	)	$	(0.15	)	$	(0.07	)	$	(0.05	)

Weighted-average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted		72,746			71,592			73,012			71,937


Table 2 COGNYTE SOFTWARE LTD. Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets


	October 31,			January, 31
		2025			2025
(in thousands)	(Unaudited)			(Audited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	106,586		$	112,719
Restricted cash and cash equivalents and restricted bank time deposits		—			381
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $0.4 million and $1.1 million as of October 31, 2025 and January 31, 2025, respectively		118,979			109,374
Contract assets, net of allowance for credit losses of $0.1 million and $1.0 million as of October 31, 2025 and January 31, 2025, respectively		6,566			6,941
Inventories		15,668			18,988
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		44,899			37,750
Total current assets		292,698			286,153
Property and equipment, net		29,108			28,316
Operating lease right-of-use assets		41,400			35,214
Goodwill		127,066			126,148
Intangible assets, net		4,807			—
Deferred income taxes		3,284			3,094
Other assets		16,535			18,895
Total assets	$	514,898		$	497,820

Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	21,609		$	25,216
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		100,313			86,694
Contract liabilities		89,407			107,451
Total current liabilities		211,329			219,361
Long-term contract liabilities		28,450			22,868
Deferred income taxes		1,013			1,006
Operating lease liabilities		37,217			29,806
Other liabilities		9,366			7,676
Total liabilities		287,375			280,717
Commitments and Contingencies
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock - $0 par value; Authorized 300,000,000 shares. Issued 75,284,586 and 72,642,930 at October 31, 2025 and January 31, 2025, respectively; Outstanding 73,038,091 and 72,057,202 shares at October 31, 2025 and January 31, 2025, respectively		—			—
Additional paid-in capital		389,942			374,126
Treasury stock, at cost 2,246,495 and 585,728 shares at October 31, 2025 and January 31, 2025, respectively		(21,253	)		(5,276	)
Accumulated deficit		(161,040	)		(156,643	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(3,646	)		(14,015	)
Total Cognyte Software Ltd. stockholders' equity		204,003			198,192
Noncontrolling interest		23,520			18,911
Total stockholders' equity		227,523			217,103
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	514,898		$	497,820

Table 3 COGNYTE SOFTWARE LTD. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended October 31,
(in thousands)		2025			2024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(505	)	$	(7,018	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		8,968			10,384
Allowance for credit losses		242			1,678
Stock-based compensation		15,815			13,760
Provision from deferred income taxes		64			209
Non-cash (losses) gains on derivative financial instruments, net		(480	)		19
Other non-cash items, net		607			177
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(2,571	)		(3,507	)
Contract assets		(5,433	)		(11,658	)
Inventories		3,154			4,064
Prepaid expenses and other assets		1,880			(3,033	)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		10,084			14,560
Contract liabilities		(13,701	)		9,614
Other liabilities		1,033			(1,122	)
Other, net		1,206			(35	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		20,363			28,092

Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment		(8,194	)		(6,914	)
Settlements of derivative financial instruments not designated as hedges		509			(92	)
Cash paid for capitalized software development costs		(243	)		(2,017	)
Proceeds from Business divestiture, net of cost		—			4,943
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired		(4,275	)		—
Change in restricted bank time deposits, including long-term portion		204			1,442
Net cash used in investing activities		(11,999	)		(2,638	)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Purchases of treasury stock		(15,977	)		—
Repayment of principal portion of finance lease liability		(217	)		—
Net cash used in financing activities		(16,194	)		—

Foreign currency effects on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents		1,512			42
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents		(6,318	)		25,496
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents, beginning of period		112,904			80,396
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents, end of period	$	106,586		$	105,892

Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at end of period:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	106,586		$	101,774
Restricted cash and cash equivalents included in restricted cash and cash equivalents and restricted bank time deposits		—			4,118
Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents	$	106,586		$	105,892


Table 4 COGNYTE SOFTWARE LTD. Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Measures (Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended October 31,						Three Months Ended October 31,
(in thousands, except per share data)		2025			2024			2025			2024
Operating income (loss), operating margin and adjusted EBITDA
GAAP Operating income (loss)		8,101			(5,823	)		3,203			(2,151	)
GAAP operating margin		2.8	%		(2.3	)%		3.2	%		(2.4	)%
Stock-based compensation expenses		15,815			13,760			5,544			4,805
Other Non-GAAP adjustments		707			1,775			290			786
Non-GAAP operating income	$	24,623		$	9,712		$	9,037		$	3,440
Depreciation and amortization		8,585			10,143			2,868			3,121
Adjusted EBITDA	$	33,208		$	19,855		$	11,905		$	6,561
Non-GAAP operating margin		8.4	%		3.8	%		9.0	%		3.9	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin		11.3	%		7.8	%		11.8	%		7.4	%

Net income (loss) attributable to Cognyte Software Ltd. reconciliation
GAAP Net loss attributable to Cognyte Software Ltd.		(4,397	)		(10,823	)		(4,885	)		(3,772	)
Stock-based compensation expenses		15,815			13,760			5,544			4,805
Non-GAAP tax adjustments		973			(2,069	)		1,092			(525	)
Other Non-GAAP adjustments		707			1,787			290			786
Total adjustments		17,495			13,478			6,926			5,066
Non-GAAP Net income attributable to Cognyte Software Ltd.	$	13,098		$	2,655		$	2,041		$	1,294

Table comparing GAAP and Non-GAAP diluted net loss (income) per share attributable to Cognyte Software Ltd.
GAAP diluted net loss per share attributable to Cognyte Software Ltd.	$	(0.06	)	$	(0.15	)	$	(0.07	)	$	(0.05	)
Non-GAAP diluted net income per share attributable to Cognyte Software Ltd.	$	0.18		$	0.04		$	0.03		$	0.02
GAAP weighted-average shares used in computing diluted net loss per share attributable to Cognyte Software Ltd.		72,746			71,592			73,012			71,937
Non-GAAP diluted weighted-average shares used in computing net income per share attributable to Cognyte Software Ltd.		74,684			73,049			74,407			73,531

Stock-based compensation
Cost of revenue		1,702			1,507			589			531
Research and development, net		1,358			1,253			511			373
Selling, general, and administrative		12,755			11,000			4,444			3,901
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	15,815		$	13,760		$	5,544		$	4,805

Other Non-GAAP adjustments
Research and development, net		—			123			—			—
Selling, general, and administrative		350			1,434			10			713
Amortization of other acquired intangible assets		357			218			280			73
Other income, net		—			12			—			—
Total other Non-GAAP adjustments	$	707		$	1,787		$	290		$	786

Footnotes

(1) The actual cash tax paid, net of refunds, was $2.6 million and $5.2 million for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025, respectively, and $1.5 million and $5.5 million for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024, respectively.

Cognyte Software Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Information About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Key Metrics

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The press release includes reconciliations of certain financial measures not prepared in accordance with GAAP, consisting of non-GAAP operating income and operating margins, non-GAAP net income attributable to Cognyte, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin, non-GAAP diluted net income per share attributable to Cognyte and non-GAAP diluted weighted-average shares used in computing such measure. The tables above include a reconciliation of each non-GAAP financial measure for completed periods presented in this press release to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.

We believe these non-GAAP financial measures, used in conjunction with the corresponding GAAP measures, provide investors with useful supplemental information about the financial performance of our business by:

facilitating the comparison of our financial results and business trends between periods, by excluding certain items that either can vary significantly in amount and frequency, are based upon subjective assumptions, or in certain cases are unplanned for or difficult to forecast,
facilitating the comparison of our financial results and business trends with other software companies who publish similar non-GAAP measures, and
allowing investors to see and understand key supplementary metrics used by our management to run our business, including for budgeting and forecasting, resource allocation, and compensation matters.

We also make these non-GAAP financial measures available because our management believes they provide meaningful information about the financial performance of our business and are useful to investors for informational and comparative purposes.

Non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation as substitutes for, or superior to, comparable GAAP financial measures. The non-GAAP financial measures we present have limitations in that they do not reflect all of the amounts associated with our results of operations as determined in accordance with GAAP, and these non-GAAP financial measures should only be used to evaluate our results of operations in conjunction with the corresponding GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures do not represent discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business, and we may in the future incur expenses similar to or in addition to the adjustments made in these non-GAAP financial measures. Other companies may calculate similar non-GAAP financial measures differently than we do, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures.

Our non-GAAP financial measures are calculated by making the following adjustments to our GAAP financial measures:

Stock-based compensation expenses. We exclude stock-based compensation expenses related to restricted stock awards, stock bonus programs, bonus share programs, and other stock-based awards from our non-GAAP financial measures. We evaluate our performance both with and without these measures because stock-based compensation is typically a non-cash expense and can vary significantly over time based on the timing, size and nature of awards granted, and is influenced in part by certain factors which are generally beyond our control, such as the volatility of the price of our ordinary shares. In addition, measurement of stock-based compensation is subject to varying valuation methodologies and subjective assumptions, and therefore we believe that excluding stock-based compensation from our non-GAAP financial measures allows for meaningful comparisons of our current operating results to our historical operating results and to other companies in our industry.

Restructuring expenses. We exclude restructuring expenses from our non-GAAP financial measures, which include employee termination costs, facility exit costs, certain professional fees, asset impairment charges, and other costs directly associated with resource realignments incurred in reaction to changing strategies or business conditions. All of these costs can vary significantly in amount and frequency based on the nature of the actions as well as the changing needs of our business and we believe that excluding them provides easier comparability of pre- and post-restructuring operating results.

Other adjustments. We exclude from our non-GAAP financial measures fair value adjustments related to revenue acquired in a business acquisition, amortization of acquired technology and other acquired intangible assets, acquisition expenses (benefit), separation expenses, business divestiture gain/losses, provision for legal claim, rent expense for redundant facilities, gains on change in fair value of equity investment, gains or losses on sales of property and certain professional fees unrelated to our ongoing operations.

Non-GAAP income tax adjustments. We exclude our GAAP provision (benefit) for income taxes from our non-GAAP measures of net income attributable to Cognyte Software Ltd., and instead include a non-GAAP provision for income taxes. Cognyte uses a full-year non-GAAP tax rate to compute the non-GAAP tax provision. This full-year non-GAAP tax rate is based on Cognyte's annual GAAP income, adjusted to exclude non-GAAP items, as well as the effects of significant non-recurring and period-specific tax items which vary in size and frequency. This annual non-GAAP tax rate is based on an evaluation of our historical and projected profit before tax, taking into account the impact of non-GAAP adjustments, tax law changes, as well as other factors such as our current tax structure, existing tax positions and expected recurring tax incentives. Our GAAP effective income tax rate can vary significantly from year to year as a result of tax law changes, settlements with tax authorities, changes in the geographic mix of earnings including acquisition activity, changes in the projected realizability of deferred tax assets, and other unusual or period-specific events, all of which can vary in size and frequency. We believe that our non-GAAP effective income tax rate removes much of this variability and facilitates meaningful comparisons of operating results across periods. We evaluate our non-GAAP effective income tax rate on an ongoing basis, and it can change from time to time. Our non-GAAP income tax rate can differ materially from our GAAP effective income tax rate.

Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure defined as net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest before interest expense, interest income, income taxes, depreciation expense, amortization expense, revenue adjustments, restructuring expenses, acquisition expenses, and other expenses excluded from our non-GAAP financial measures as described above. We believe that adjusted EBITDA is also commonly used by investors to evaluate operating performance between companies because it helps reduce variability caused by differences in capital structures, income taxes, stock-based compensation accounting policies, and depreciation and amortization policies.

Other Key Metrics

Recurring revenue. Cognyte calculates recurring revenue for a period by combining revenue from initial and renewal support, subscription software licenses, and cloud-based SaaS in certain transactions. Recurring revenue is the portion of our revenue that we believe is likely to be renewed in the future. The recurrence of these revenue streams in future periods depends on a number of factors including contractual periods and customers' renewal decisions. Cognyte believes that recurring revenue provides investors more visibility into our recurring business in the upcoming years and helpful measurement of Cognyte's potential revenue. Cognyte does not consider recurring revenue to be a non-GAAP financial measure because it is calculated using GAAP revenue.

Billings. Cognyte calculates billings for a period by adding changes in contract liabilities, contract assets and unbilled balances in that period to revenue. Cognyte believes that billings help investors better understand sales activity and ongoing business for a particular period, which is not necessarily reflected in revenue. Billings fluctuate from quarter to quarter. Cognyte does not consider billings to be a non-GAAP financial measure because it is calculated using exclusively revenue, contract liabilities, contract assets and unbilled balances, all of which are financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP.

Total Backlog and Short-Term Backlog. Backlog is defined as unbilled amounts contracted under contracts deemed certain to be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. Short-term backlog represents backlog that Cognyte expects to be recognized as revenue within the subsequent 12 months. Cognyte monitors backlog to provide visibility into our future revenue. Cognyte does not consider backlog to be a non-GAAP financial measure because it is calculated using exclusively unbilled contracted amounts.

Total Remaining Performance Obligations (RPO) and Short-Term RPO. RPO consist of backlog plus contract liabilities. RPO represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes contract liabilities and non-cancelable amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. The majority of our arrangements are for periods of up to three years, with a significant portion being one year or less. The timing and amount of revenue recognition for our RPO is influenced by several factors, including timing of support renewals, revenue recognition for certain projects that can extend over longer periods of time, delivery under which, for various reasons, may be delayed, modified, or canceled. Therefore, the amount of remaining obligations may not be a meaningful indicator of future results. In some cases, we may decide to cancel outstanding orders and reduce the RPO when there have been extended delays by customers in paying the agreed upon down payments or due to other reasons. Short-term RPO represents RPO that Cognyte expects to be recognized as revenue within the subsequent 12 months. Cognyte monitors RPO to provide visibility into our future revenue. Cognyte does not consider RPO to be a non-GAAP financial measure because it is calculated in accordance with GAAP, specifically under ASC Topic 606.

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Investor Relations Contact

Dean Ridlon

Cognyte Software Ltd.

IR@cognyte.com

Cognyte Reports Third Quarter Fiscal 2026 Financial Results