HOUSTON, July 19, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Crown Castle Inc. (NYSE:CCI) ("Crown Castle") today reported results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2023 and updated its full year 2023 outlook, as reflected in the table below.

(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)	Current Full Year 2023 Outlook^(a)(b)	Full Year 2022 Actual	% Change	Previous Full Year 2023 Outlook^(c)	Current Compared to Previous Outlook

Site rental revenues	$6,511	$6,289	4%	$6,511		—%
Net income (loss)	$1,581	$1,675	(6)%	$1,636		(3)%
Net income (loss) per share—diluted	$3.64	$3.86	(6)%	$3.76		(3)%
Adjusted EBITDA^(d)	$4,422	$4,340	2%	$4,472		(1)%
AFFO^(d)	$3,279	$3,200	2%	$3,319		(1)%
AFFO per share^(d)	$7.54	$7.38	2%	$7.63		(1)%

(a)	Reflects midpoint of full year 2023 Outlook as issued on July 19, 2023.
(b)	Net income (loss) outlook, including on a per share basis, includes the benefit of contemplated cost reductions discussed further below, but does not reflect charges, which we expect to be material, associated with certain of such cost reductions due to current uncertainty regarding timing and amounts of such charges. Such charges are expected to be non-recurring and therefore excluded from AFFO and Adjusted EBITDA outlook.
(c)	Reflects midpoint of full year 2023 Outlook as issued on April 19, 2023.
(d)	See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for further information and reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to net income (loss), including on a per share basis.

"We delivered second quarter results in line with our expectations and continue to be excited by the long-term opportunity ahead with the majority of the 5G deployment in the U.S. still to come," stated Jay Brown, Crown Castle's Chief Executive Officer. "As the carriers have reduced network spending, we anticipate lower tower activity for the remainder of this year, resulting in lower contribution from services and a decrease to our full year 2023 outlook. Due to the long-term leasing agreements we have entered into with our customers, this reduction in tower activity is expected to have little impact on our site rental revenues."

"Expected growth in our core business in 2023 remains robust, including 5% tower organic growth, 10,000 small cell node deployments and returning to 3% fiber solutions growth by the end of the year. Longer term, as our customers spend to meet the significant increase in mobile data demand in the U.S, we have visibility to continued growth in our core business, with 75% of our expected 5% annual tower organic growth contracted through 2027 when normalized for the previously disclosed legacy Sprint rationalization in 2025. Augmenting that growth, we anticipate double-digit annual revenue growth in our small cell business over the next several years as we execute on our existing small cell backlog of 60,000 nodes, providing support for our expectation of returning to our long-term annual dividend per share growth target of 7% to 8% beyond 2025."

RESULTS FOR THE QUARTER

The table below sets forth select financial results for the quarters ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022.


(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)	Q2 2023	Q2 2022	Change	% Change
Site rental revenues	$1,728	$1,567	$161	10%
Net income (loss)	$455	$421	$34	8%
Net income (loss) per share—diluted	$1.05	$0.97	$0.08	8%
Adjusted EBITDA^(a)	$1,188	$1,078	$110	10%
AFFO^(a)	$891	$783	$108	14%
AFFO per share^(a)	$2.05	$1.80	$0.25	14%

(a)	See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for further information and reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to net income (loss), including on a per share basis.

HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE QUARTER

Site rental revenues. Site rental revenues grew 10%, or $161 million, from second quarter 2022 to second quarter 2023, inclusive of approximately $155 million in Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings, a $30 million decrease in straight-lined revenues, and a $36 million increase in amortization of prepaid rent. The $155 million in Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings represents 11.9% growth, or 4.2% when adjusted for the impact of Sprint Cancellations described below.
Sprint Cancellations. Included in site rental revenues is a $100 million net contribution to Site Rental Billings from lease cancellations related to the previously disclosed T-Mobile and Sprint network consolidation ("Sprint Cancellations"), consisting of $97 million to small cells and $3 million to fiber solutions. Also included in site rental revenues is $57 million in accelerated prepaid rent amortization associated with Sprint Cancellations related to small cells.
Net income. Net income for the second quarter 2023 was $455 million compared to $421 million for the second quarter 2022.
Adjusted EBITDA. Second quarter 2023 Adjusted EBITDA was $1.2 billion compared to $1.1 billion for the second quarter 2022, representing 10% growth. The growth in the quarter was primarily as a result of $155 million of organic growth, inclusive of $100 million net contribution from Sprint Cancellations, partially offset by lower services contribution.
AFFO and AFFO per share. Second quarter 2023 AFFO was $891 million, or $2.05 per share, representing growth from the second quarter 2022 of 14% for each.
Capital expenditures. Capital expenditures during the quarter were $379 million, comprised of $18 million of sustaining capital expenditures and $361 million of discretionary capital expenditures. Discretionary capital expenditures during the quarter primarily included approximately $298 million attributable to Fiber and approximately $57 million attributable to Towers.
Common stock dividend. During the quarter, Crown Castle paid common stock dividends of approximately $678 million in the aggregate, or $1.565 per common share, an increase of 6.5% on a per share basis compared to the same period a year ago.
Financing activity. In April 2023, Crown Castle issued $1.35 billion in aggregate principal of senior unsecured notes in a combination of 5-year and 10-year maturities with a weighted average maturity and coupon of 8 years and approximately 5.0%, respectively. Net proceeds from the offering were used to repay a portion of the indebtedness under the existing revolving credit facility and pay related fees and expenses.

"Our full year 2023 outlook for site rental revenues is unchanged despite anticipated slower tower activity in the second half of this year," stated Dan Schlanger, Crown Castle's Chief Financial Officer. "The resiliency in organic growth is the result of our past decisions to reduce the risk in our business by entering into attractive long-term customer agreements with contracted increases. Due to the change in tower activity, we have lowered our expected contribution from tower services margin by $90 million which reflects lower expected services revenues, partially offset by expected reductions in expenses. We believe the combination of the stability of our contracted rental revenues, efficient operations, and strong balance sheet provides a resilient cash flow stream. To improve the strength of our balance sheet, we issued $1.35 billion of long-term fixed rate debt in the second quarter at a weighted average interest rate of approximately 5%, allowing us to end the second quarter with more than 90% fixed rate debt, a weighted average maturity of 8 years with only 7% of our debt maturing through 2024, and more than $6 billion of available liquidity under our revolving credit facility."

OUTLOOK

This Outlook section contains forward-looking statements, and actual results may differ materially. Information regarding potential risks which could cause actual results to differ from the forward-looking statements herein is set forth below and in Crown Castle's filings with the SEC.

The following table sets forth Crown Castle's current full year 2023 Outlook which has been updated to reflect lower expected tower activity through the remainder of the year and higher expected interest expense, partially offset by expected lower expenses, interest income increases and lower sustaining capital expenditures.

(in millions, except per share amounts)	Full Year 2023^(a)(b)			Change to Midpoint from Previous Outlook^(c)
Site rental billings^(d)	$5,631	to	$5,671		$—
Amortization of prepaid rent	$570	to	$580		$—
Straight-lined revenues	$264	to	$284		$—
Site rental revenues	$6,488	to	$6,533		$—
Site rental costs of operations^(e)	$1,633	to	$1,678		-$10
Services and other gross margin	$120	to	$150		-$90
Net income (loss)	$1,541	to	$1,621		-$55
Net income (loss) per share—diluted	$3.54	to	$3.73		-$0.13
Adjusted EBITDA^(f)	$4,399	to	$4,444		-$50
Depreciation, amortization and accretion	$1,712	to	$1,807		$—
Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs, net^(g)	$834	to	$869		+$15
FFO^(f)	$3,295	to	$3,330		-$60
AFFO^(f)	$3,261	to	$3,296		-$40
AFFO per share^(f)	$7.50	to	$7.58		-$0.09

(a)	As issued on July 19, 2023.
(b)	Net income (loss) outlook, including on a per share basis, includes the benefit of contemplated cost reductions discussed further below, but does not reflect charges, which we expect to be material, associated with certain of such cost reductions due to current uncertainty regarding timing and amounts of such charges. Such charges are expected to be non-recurring and therefore excluded from AFFO and Adjusted EBITDA outlook.
(c)	As issued on April 19, 2023.
(d)	See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for our definition of site rental billings.
(e)	Exclusive of depreciation, amortization and accretion.
(f)	See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for further information and reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to net income (loss), including on a per share basis.
(g)	See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for the reconciliation of "Outlook for Components of Interest Expense."

The chart below reconciles the components of expected growth in site rental revenues from 2022 to 2023 of $215 million to $260 million, inclusive of expected Organic Contributions to Site Rental Revenues of $340 million to $380 million, or 7%, which is unchanged from the previous Outlook. The expected consolidated growth includes 5% from towers, 25% from small cells and 5% from fiber solutions. Adjusted for the expected impact from Sprint Cancellations, the projected consolidated growth of 4% includes 5% from towers, 8% from small cells, and flat fiber solutions revenue.

Crown Castle International Corp.

The full year 2023 Outlook for core leasing activity has decreased by $10 million from the previous Outlook, reflecting lower tower activity expected in the second half of 2023. This reduction in core leasing activity is offset by a $10 million reduction to the full year 2023 Outlook for non-renewals and cancellations, consisting of $5 million of lower towers non-renewals and $5 million of lower cancellations due to timing of small cell cancellations that occurred in the second quarter.
In total, core leasing activity is expected to contribute $275 million to $305 million, comprised of $125 million to $135 million from towers (compared to $135 million to $145 million in the previous Outlook), with small cell and fiber solutions core leasing activity unchanged at $30 million to $40 million and $120 million to $130 million, respectively.
The chart below reconciles the components of expected growth in AFFO from 2022 to 2023 of $65 million to $100 million.

Crown Castle International Corp.

The full year 2023 Outlook for expected contribution from services is $90 million lower than the previous Outlook as a result of lower expected tower activity in the second half of the year, partially offset by $40 million in expected decrease in expenses across site rental cost of operations and selling, general and administrative expenses also expected in the second half of 2023.
Interest expense for full year 2023 is expected to be $15 million higher than the previous Outlook related to higher expected interest rates, offset by $10 million of higher expected interest income and $15 million of lower sustaining capital expenditures.

Additional information is available in Crown Castle's quarterly Supplemental Information Package posted in the Investors section of our website.

CONFERENCE CALL DETAILS

Crown Castle has scheduled a conference call for Thursday, July 20, 2023, at 10:30 a.m. Eastern time to discuss its second quarter 2023 results. A listen only live audio webcast of the conference call, along with supplemental materials for the call, can be accessed on the Crown Castle website at https://investor.crowncastle.com. Participants may join the conference call by dialing 833-816-1115 (Toll Free) or 412-317-0694 (International) at least 30 minutes prior to the start time. All dial-in participants should ask to join the Crown Castle call.

A replay of the webcast will be available on the Investor page of Crown Castle's website until end of day, Saturday, July 20, 2024.

ABOUT CROWN CASTLE

Crown Castle owns, operates and leases more than 40,000 cell towers and approximately 85,000 route miles of fiber supporting small cells and fiber solutions across every major U.S. market. This nationwide portfolio of communications infrastructure connects cities and communities to essential data, technology and wireless service - bringing information, ideas and innovations to the people and businesses that need them. For more information on Crown Castle, please visit www.crowncastle.com.

Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information

This press release includes presentations of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Funds from Operations ("AFFO"), including per share amounts, Funds from Operations ("FFO"), including per share amounts, Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings, including as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations, and Net Debt, which are non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures are not intended as alternative measures of operating results or cash flow from operations (as determined in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP")).

Our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies, including other companies in the communications infrastructure sector or other real estate investment trusts ("REITs").

In addition to the non-GAAP financial measures used herein, we also provide segment site rental gross margin, segment services and other gross margin and segment operating profit, which are key measures used by management to evaluate our operating segments. These segment measures are provided pursuant to GAAP requirements related to segment reporting. In addition, we provide the components of certain GAAP measures, such as site rental revenues and capital expenditures.

Our non-GAAP financial measures are presented as additional information because management believes these measures are useful indicators of the financial performance of our business. Among other things, management believes that:

Adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors or other interested parties in evaluating our financial performance. Adjusted EBITDA is the primary measure used by management (1) to evaluate the economic productivity of our operations and (2) for purposes of making decisions about allocating resources to, and assessing the performance of, our operations. Management believes that Adjusted EBITDA helps investors or other interested parties meaningfully evaluate and compare the results of our operations (1) from period to period and (2) to our competitors, by removing the impact of our capital structure (primarily interest charges from our outstanding debt) and asset base (primarily depreciation, amortization and accretion) from our financial results. Management also believes Adjusted EBITDA is frequently used by investors or other interested parties in the evaluation of the communications infrastructure sector and other REITs to measure financial performance without regard to items such as depreciation, amortization and accretion, which can vary depending upon accounting methods and the book value of assets. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA is similar to the measure of current financial performance generally used in our debt covenant calculations. Adjusted EBITDA should be considered only as a supplement to net income (loss) computed in accordance with GAAP as a measure of our performance.
AFFO, including per share amounts, is useful to investors or other interested parties in evaluating our financial performance. Management believes that AFFO helps investors or other interested parties meaningfully evaluate our financial performance as it includes (1) the impact of our capital structure (primarily interest expense on our outstanding debt and dividends on our preferred stock (in periods where applicable)) and (2) sustaining capital expenditures, and excludes the impact of our (1) asset base (primarily depreciation, amortization and accretion) and (2) certain non-cash items, including straight-lined revenues and expenses related to fixed escalations and rent free periods. GAAP requires rental revenues and expenses related to leases that contain specified rental increases over the life of the lease to be recognized evenly over the life of the lease. In accordance with GAAP, if payment terms call for fixed escalations or rent free periods, the revenues or expenses are recognized on a straight-lined basis over the fixed, non-cancelable term of the contract. Management notes that Crown Castle uses AFFO only as a performance measure. AFFO should be considered only as a supplement to net income (loss) computed in accordance with GAAP as a measure of our performance and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flow from operations or as residual cash flow available for discretionary investment.
FFO, including per share amounts, is useful to investors or other interested parties in evaluating our financial performance. Management believes that FFO may be used by investors or other interested parties as a basis to compare our financial performance with that of other REITs. FFO helps investors or other interested parties meaningfully evaluate financial performance by excluding the impact of our asset base (primarily real estate depreciation, amortization and accretion). FFO is not a key performance indicator used by Crown Castle. FFO should be considered only as a supplement to net income (loss) computed in accordance with GAAP as a measure of our performance and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flow from operations.
Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings is useful to investors or other interested parties in understanding the components of the year-over-year changes in our site rental revenues computed in accordance with GAAP. Management uses Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings to assess year-over-year growth rates for our rental activities, to evaluate current performance, to capture trends in rental rates, core leasing activities and tenant non-renewals in our core business, as well as to forecast future results. Separately, we are also disclosing Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations, which is outside of ordinary course, to provide further insight into our results of operations and underlying trends. Management believes that identifying the impact for Sprint Cancellations provides increased transparency and comparability across periods. Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings (including as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations) is not meant as an alternative measure of revenue and should be considered only as a supplement in understanding and assessing the performance of our site rental revenues computed in accordance with GAAP.
Net Debt is useful to investors or other interested parties in evaluating our overall debt position and future debt capacity. Management uses Net Debt in assessing our leverage. Net Debt is not meant as an alternative measure of debt and should be considered only as a supplement in understanding and assessing our leverage.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Adjusted EBITDA. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) plus restructuring charges (credits), asset write-down charges, acquisition and integration costs, depreciation, amortization and accretion, amortization of prepaid lease purchase price adjustments, interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs, net, (gains) losses on retirement of long-term obligations, net (gain) loss on interest rate swaps, (gains) losses on foreign currency swaps, impairment of available-for-sale securities, interest income, other (income) expense, (benefit) provision for income taxes, cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle and stock-based compensation expense, net.

AFFO. We define AFFO as FFO before straight-lined revenues, straight-lined expenses, stock-based compensation expense, net, non-cash portion of tax provision, non-real estate related depreciation, amortization and accretion, amortization of non-cash interest expense, other (income) expense, (gains) losses on retirement of long-term obligations, net (gain) loss on interest rate swaps, (gains) losses on foreign currency swaps, impairment of available-for-sale securities, acquisition and integration costs, restructuring charges (credits), cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle and adjustments for noncontrolling interests, less sustaining capital expenditures.

AFFO per share. We define AFFO per share as AFFO divided by diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding.

FFO. We define FFO as net income (loss) plus real estate related depreciation, amortization and accretion and asset write-down charges, less noncontrolling interest and cash paid for preferred stock dividends (in periods where applicable), and is a measure of funds from operations attributable to common stockholders.

FFO per share. We define FFO per share as FFO divided by diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding.

Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings. We define Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as the sum of the change in site rental revenues related to core leasing activity, escalators and payments for Sprint Cancellations (for periods beginning in 2023), less non-renewals of tenant contracts and non-renewals associated with Sprint Cancellations (for periods beginning in 2023). Additionally, Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations reflects Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings less payments for Sprint Cancellations, plus non-renewals associated with Sprint Cancellations.

Net Debt. We define Net Debt as (1) debt and other long-term obligations and (2) current maturities of debt and other obligations, excluding unamortized adjustments, net; less cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash.

Segment Measures

Segment site rental gross margin. We define segment site rental gross margin as segment site rental revenues less segment site rental costs of operations, excluding stock-based compensation expense, net and amortization of prepaid lease purchase price adjustments recorded in consolidated site rental costs of operations.

Segment services and other gross margin. We define segment services and other gross margin as segment services and other revenues less segment services and other costs of operations, excluding stock-based compensation expense, net recorded in consolidated services and other costs of operations.

Segment operating profit. We define segment operating profit as segment site rental gross margin plus segment services and other gross margin, less segment selling, general and administrative expenses.

All of these measurements of profit or loss are exclusive of depreciation, amortization and accretion, which are shown separately. Additionally, certain costs are shared across segments and are reflected in our segment measures through allocations that management believes to be reasonable.

Other Definitions

Site rental billings. We define site rental billings as site rental revenues exclusive of the impacts from (1) straight-lined revenues, (2) amortization of prepaid rent in accordance with GAAP and (3) contribution from recent acquisitions until the one-year anniversary of such acquisitions.

Core leasing activity. We define core leasing activity as site rental revenues growth from tenant additions across our entire portfolio and renewals or extensions of tenant contracts, exclusive of (1) the impacts from both straight-lined revenues and amortization of prepaid rent in accordance with GAAP and (2) payments for Sprint Cancellations, where applicable.

Non-renewals. We define non-renewals of tenant contracts as the reduction in site rental revenues as a result of tenant churn, terminations and, in limited circumstances, reductions of existing lease rates, exclusive of non-renewals associated with Sprint Cancellations, where applicable.

Discretionary capital expenditures. We define discretionary capital expenditures as those capital expenditures made with respect to activities which we believe exhibit sufficient potential to enhance long-term stockholder value. They primarily consist of expansion or development of communications infrastructure (including capital expenditures related to (1) enhancing communications infrastructure in order to add new tenants for the first time or support subsequent tenant equipment augmentations or (2) modifying the structure of a communications infrastructure asset to accommodate additional tenants) and construction of new communications infrastructure. Discretionary capital expenditures also include purchases of land interests (which primarily relates to land assets under towers as we seek to manage our interests in the land beneath our towers), certain technology-related investments necessary to support and scale future customer demand for our communications infrastructure, and other capital projects.

Sustaining capital expenditures. We define sustaining capital expenditures as those capital expenditures not otherwise categorized as discretionary capital expenditures, such as (1) maintenance capital expenditures on our communications infrastructure assets that enable our tenants' ongoing quiet enjoyment of the communications infrastructure and (2) ordinary corporate capital expenditures.

Reconciliation of Historical Adjusted EBITDA:

	For the Three Months Ended					For the Six Months Ended						For the Twelve Months Ended
(in millions; totals may not add due to rounding)	June 30, 2023			June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023			June 30, 2022			December 31, 2022
Net income (loss)	$	455		$	421	$	874		$	842		$	1,675
Adjustments to increase (decrease) net income (loss):
Asset write-down charges		22			9		22			23			34
Acquisition and integration costs		1			1		1			1			2
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		445			427		876			847			1,707
Amortization of prepaid lease purchase price adjustments		4			4		8			8			16
Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs, net^(a)		208			165		410			329			699
(Gains) losses on retirement of long-term obligations		—			—		—			26			28
Interest income		(5	)		—		(7	)		(1	)		(3	)
Other (income) expense		2			2		4			4			10
(Benefit) provision for income taxes		7			5		14			11			16
Stock-based compensation expense, net		50			44		91			83			156
Adjusted EBITDA^(b)(c)	$	1,188		$	1,078	$	2,292		$	2,173		$	4,340

Reconciliation of Current Outlook for Adjusted EBITDA:

	Full Year 2023
(in millions; totals may not add due to rounding)	Outlook^(e)^(f)
Net income (loss)	$1,541	to	$1,621
Adjustments to increase (decrease) net income (loss):
Asset write-down charges	$26	to	$36
Acquisition and integration costs	$0	to	$8
Depreciation, amortization and accretion	$1,712	to	$1,807
Amortization of prepaid lease purchase price adjustments	$15	to	$17
Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs, net^(d)	$834	to	$869
(Gains) losses on retirement of long-term obligations	$0	to	$0
Interest income	$(14)	to	$(13)
Other (income) expense	$2	to	$7
(Benefit) provision for income taxes	$16	to	$24
Stock-based compensation expense, net	$165	to	$169
Adjusted EBITDA^(b)(c)	$4,399	to	$4,444

(a)	See the reconciliation of "Components of Interest Expense." for a discussion of non-cash interest expense.
(b)	See discussion and our definition of Adjusted EBITDA in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."
(c)	The above reconciliation excludes line items included in our definition which are not applicable for the periods shown.
(d)	See the reconciliation of "Outlook for Components of Interest Expense" for a discussion of non-cash interest expense.
(e)	As issued on July 19, 2023.
(f)	Net income (loss) outlook, including on a per share basis, includes the benefit of contemplated cost reductions discussed above, but does not reflect charges, which we expect to be material, associated with certain of such cost reductions due to current uncertainty regarding timing and amounts of such charges. Such charges are expected to be non-recurring and therefore excluded from AFFO and Adjusted EBITDA outlook.

Reconciliation of Historical FFO and AFFO:

	For the Three Months Ended						For the Six Months Ended						For the Twelve Months Ended
(in millions; totals may not add due to rounding)	June 30, 2023			June 30, 2022			June 30, 2023			June 30, 2022			December 31, 2022
Net income (loss)	$	455		$	421		$	874		$	842		$	1,675
Real estate related depreciation, amortization and accretion		424			412			841			820			1,653
Asset write-down charges		22			9			22			23			34
FFO^(a)(b)	$	901		$	842		$	1,737		$	1,685		$	3,362
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—diluted		434			434			434			434			434

FFO (from above)	$	901		$	842		$	1,737		$	1,685		$	3,362
Adjustments to increase (decrease) FFO:
Straight-lined revenues		(80	)		(120	)		(163	)		(235	)		(410	)
Straight-lined expenses		18			19			39			37			73
Stock-based compensation expense, net		50			44			91			83			156
Non-cash portion of tax provision		(6	)		(3	)		4			2			6
Non-real estate related depreciation, amortization and accretion		21			15			35			27			54
Amortization of non-cash interest expense		4			4			7			7			14
Other (income) expense		2			2			4			4			10
(Gains) losses on retirement of long-term obligations		—			—			—			26			28
Acquisition and integration costs		1			1			1			1			2
Sustaining capital expenditures		(18	)		(21	)		(33	)		(42	)		(95	)
AFFO^(a)(b)	$	891		$	783		$	1,720		$	1,595		$	3,200
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—diluted		434			434			434			434			434

(a)	See discussion and our definitions of FFO and AFFO in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."
(b)	The above reconciliation excludes line items included in our definition which are not applicable for the periods shown.

Reconciliation of Historical FFO and AFFO per share:

	For the Three Months Ended						For the Six Months Ended						For the Twelve Months Ended
(in millions, except per share amounts; totals may not add due to rounding)	June 30, 2023			June 30, 2022			June 30, 2023			June 30, 2022			December 31, 2022
Net income (loss)	$	1.05		$	0.97		$	2.01		$	1.94		$	3.86
Real estate related depreciation, amortization and accretion		0.98			0.95			1.94			1.89			3.81
Asset write-down charges		0.05			0.02			0.05			0.05			0.08
FFO^(a)(b)	$	2.08		$	1.94		$	4.00		$	3.88		$	7.75
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—diluted		434			434			434			434			434

FFO (from above)	$	2.08		$	1.94		$	4.00		$	3.88		$	7.75
Adjustments to increase (decrease) FFO:
Straight-lined revenues		(0.18	)		(0.28	)		(0.38	)		(0.54	)		(0.94	)
Straight-lined expenses		0.04			0.04			0.09			0.09			0.17
Stock-based compensation expense, net		0.12			0.10			0.21			0.19			0.36
Non-cash portion of tax provision		(0.01	)		(0.01	)		0.01			—			0.01
Non-real estate related depreciation, amortization and accretion		0.05			0.03			0.08			0.06			0.13
Amortization of non-cash interest expense		0.01			0.01			0.02			0.02			0.03
Other (income) expense		—			0.01			0.01			0.01			0.02
(Gains) losses on retirement of long-term obligations		—			—			—			0.06			0.06
Acquisition and integration costs		—			0.01			—			—			0.01
Sustaining capital expenditures		(0.04	)		(0.05	)		(0.08	)		(0.10	)		(0.22	)
AFFO^(a)(b)	$	2.05		$	1.80		$	3.96		$	3.67		$	7.38
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—diluted		434			434			434			434			434

(a)	See discussion and our definitions of FFO and AFFO, including per share amounts in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."
(b)	The above reconciliation excludes line items included in our definition which are not applicable for the periods shown.

Reconciliation of Current Outlook for FFO and AFFO:

	Full Year 2023			Full Year 2023
(in millions, except per share amounts; totals may not add due to rounding)	Outlook^(a)⁽^b⁾			Outlook per share^(a)^(b)
Net income (loss)	$1,541	to	$1,621	$3.54	to	$3.73
Real estate related depreciation, amortization and accretion	$1,666	to	$1,746	$3.83	to	$4.01
Asset write-down charges	$26	to	$36	$0.06	to	$0.08
FFO⁽^c⁾⁽^d⁾	$3,295	to	$3,330	$7.57	to	$7.66
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—diluted	435			435

FFO (from above)	$3,295	to	$3,330	$7.70	to	$7.80
Adjustments to increase (decrease) FFO:
Straight-lined revenues	$(284)	to	$(264)	$(0.65)	to	$(0.61)
Straight-lined expenses	$61	to	$81	$0.14	to	$0.19
Stock-based compensation expense, net	$165	to	$169	$0.38	to	$0.39
Non-cash portion of tax provision	$0	to	$8	$0.00	to	$0.02
Non-real estate related depreciation, amortization and accretion	$47	to	$62	$0.11	to	$0.14
Amortization of non-cash interest expense	$7	to	$17	$0.02	to	$0.04
Other (income) expense	$2	to	$7	$0.00	to	$0.02
(Gains) losses on retirement of long-term obligations	$0	to	$0	$0.00	to	$0.00
Acquisition and integration costs	$0	to	$8	$0.00	to	$0.02
Sustaining capital expenditures	$(88)	to	$(68)	$(0.20)	to	$(0.16)
AFFO^(c)(d)	$3,261	to	$3,296	$7.50	to	$7.58
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—diluted	435			435

(a)	As issued on July 19, 2023.
(b)	Net income (loss) outlook, including on a per share basis, includes the benefit of contemplated cost reductions discussed above, but does not reflect charges, which we expect to be material, associated with certain of such cost reductions due to current uncertainty regarding timing and amounts of such charges. Such charges are expected to be non-recurring and therefore excluded from AFFO and Adjusted EBITDA outlook.
(c)	See discussion and our definitions of FFO and AFFO, including per share amounts in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."
(d)	The above reconciliation excludes line items included in our definition which are not applicable for the periods shown.

For Comparative Purposes - Reconciliation of Previous Outlook for Adjusted EBITDA:

	Previously Issued
(in millions; totals may not add due to rounding)	Full Year 2023 Outlook^(a)
Net income (loss)	$1,596	to	$1,676
Adjustments to increase (decrease) income (loss) from continuing operations:
Asset write-down charges	$26	to	$36
Acquisition and integration costs	$0	to	$8
Depreciation, amortization and accretion	$1,712	to	$1,807
Amortization of prepaid lease purchase price adjustments	$15	to	$17
Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs, net^(b)	$814	to	$859
(Gains) losses on retirement of long-term obligations	$0	to	$0
Interest income	$(4)	to	$(3)
Other (income) expense	$2	to	$7
(Benefit) provision for income taxes	$16	to	$24
Stock-based compensation expense, net	$165	to	$169
Adjusted EBITDA^(c)(d)	$4,449	to	$4,494

For Comparative Purposes - Reconciliation of Previous Outlook for FFO and AFFO:

	Previously Issued			Previously Issued
(in millions, except per share amounts; totals may not add due to rounding)	Full Year 2023 Outlook^(a)			Full Year 2023 Outlook per share^(a)
Net income (loss)	$1,596	to	$1,676	$3.67	to	$3.85
Real estate related depreciation, amortization and accretion	$1,666	to	$1,746	$3.83	to	$4.01
Asset write-down charges	$26	to	$36	$0.06	to	$0.08
FFO^(c)(d)	$3,350	to	$3,395	$7.70	to	$7.80
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—diluted	435			435

FFO (from above)	$3,350	to	$3,395	$7.70	to	$7.80
Adjustments to increase (decrease) FFO:
Straight-lined revenues	$(284)	to	$(264)	$(0.65)	to	$(0.61)
Straight-lined expenses	$61	to	$81	$0.14	to	$0.19
Stock-based compensation expense, net	$165	to	$169	$0.38	to	$0.39
Non-cash portion of tax provision	$0	to	$8	$0.00	to	$0.02
Non-real estate related depreciation, amortization and accretion	$47	to	$62	$0.11	to	$0.14
Amortization of non-cash interest expense	$7	to	$17	$0.02	to	$0.04
Other (income) expense	$2	to	$7	$0.00	to	$0.02
(Gains) losses on retirement of long-term obligations	$0	to	$0	$0.00	to	$0.00
Acquisition and integration costs	$0	to	$8	$0.00	to	$0.02
Sustaining capital expenditures	$(103)	to	$(83)	$(0.24)	to	$(0.19)
AFFO^(c)(d)	$3,296	to	$3,341	$7.58	to	$7.68
Weighted-average common shares outstanding—diluted	435			435

(a)	As issued on April 19, 2023.
(b)	See the reconciliation of "Outlook for Components of Interest Expense" for a discussion of non-cash interest expense.
(c)	See discussion of and our definition of Adjusted EBITDA and FFO and AFFO, including per share amounts in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."
(d)	The above reconciliation excludes line items included in our definition which are not applicable for the periods shown.

Components of Changes in Site Rental Revenues for the Quarters Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:

	Three Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in millions; totals may not add due to rounding)		2023			2022
Components of changes in site rental revenues:
Prior year site rental billings^(a)	$	1,304		$	1,245

Core leasing activity^(a)		73			75
Escalators		24			22
Non-renewals^(a)		(42	)		(39	)
Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations^(a)		54			58
Payments for Sprint Cancellations^(b)		106			—
Non-renewals associated with Sprint Cancellations^(b)		(6	)		—
Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings^(a)		155			58
Straight-lined revenues		80			120
Amortization of prepaid rent		188			143
Acquisitions^(c)		1			1
Other		—			—
Total site rental revenues	$	1,728		$	1,567

Year-over-year changes in revenues:
Site rental revenues		10.3	%		10.0	%
Changes in revenues as a percentage of prior year site rental billings:
Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations^(a)		4.2	%		4.7	%
Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings^(a)		11.9	%		4.7	%

(a)	See our definitions of site rental billings, core leasing activity, non-renewals, Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings and Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."
(b)	In the second quarter 2023, we received $101 million and $5 million of payments for Sprint Cancellations that relate to small cells and fiber solutions, respectively, and $4 million and $2 million of non-renewals associated with Sprint Cancellations that relate to small cells and fiber solutions, respectively.
(c)	Represents the contribution from recent acquisitions. The financial impact of recent acquisitions is excluded from Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings, including as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations, until the one-year anniversary of such acquisitions.

Components of Changes in Site Rental Revenues for Full Year 2023 Outlook:

(dollars in millions; totals may not add due to rounding)	Current Full Year 2023 Outlook^(a)			Previously Issued Full Year 2023 Outlook⁽^b⁾
Components of changes in site rental revenues:
Prior year site rental billings⁽^c⁾	$5,310			$5,310

Core leasing activity⁽^c⁾	$275	to	$305	$285	to	$315
Escalators	$90	to	$100	$90	to	$100
Non-renewals⁽^c⁾	$(175)	to	$(155)	$(180)	to	$(160)
Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations^(c)^(d)	$205	to	$235	$210	to	$240
Payments for Sprint Cancellations⁽^d⁾	$160	to	$170	$160	to	$170
Non-renewals associated with Sprint Cancellations⁽^d⁾	$(25)	to	$(25)	$(30)	to	$(30)
Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings⁽^c⁾	$340	to	$380	$340	to	$380
Straight-lined revenues	$264	to	$284	$264	to	$284
Amortization of prepaid rent	$570	to	$580	$570	to	$580
Acquisitions⁽^e⁾	—			—
Other	—			—
Total site rental revenues	$6,488	to	$6,533	$6,488	to	$6,533

Year-over-year changes in revenues:⁽^f⁾
Site rental revenues	3.5%			3.5%
Changes in revenues as a percentage of prior year site rental billings:


Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations⁽^c⁾	4.1%			4.2%


Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings⁽^c⁾	6.8%			6.8%

(a)	As issued on July 19, 2023.
(b)	As issued on April 19, 2023.
(c)	See our definitions of site rental billings, core leasing activity, non-renewals, Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings, and Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."
(d)	Full year 2023 Outlook reflects approximately $70 million and $100 million of payments for Sprint Cancellations that related to fiber solutions and small cells, respectively, and $10 million and $15 million of non-renewals associated with Sprint Cancellations that related to fiber solutions and small cells, respectively.
(e)	Represents the contribution from recent acquisitions. The financial impact of recent acquisitions is excluded from Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings, including as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations, until the one-year anniversary of such acquisitions.
(f)	Calculated based on midpoint of full year Outlook, where applicable.

Components of Capital Expenditures:^(a)

	For the Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2023								June 30, 2022
(in millions)	Towers		Fiber		Other		Total		Towers		Fiber		Other		Total
Discretionary capital expenditures:
Communications infrastructure improvements and other capital projects	$	34	$	298	$	6	$	338	$	27	$	235	$	5	$	267
Purchases of land interests		23		—		—		23		15		—		—		15
Sustaining capital expenditures		4		8		6		18		3		12		6		21
Total capital expenditures	$	61	$	306	$	12	$	379	$	45	$	247	$	11	$	303

	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023								June 30, 2022
(in millions)	Towers		Fiber		Other		Total		Towers		Fiber		Other		Total
Discretionary capital expenditures:
Communications infrastructure improvements and other capital projects	$	67	$	570	$	12		649	$	62	$	444	$	11	$	517
Purchases of land interests		38		—		—		38		25		—		—		25
Sustaining capital expenditures		6		15		12		33		5		25		12		42
Total capital expenditures	$	111	$	585	$	24	$	720	$	92	$	469	$	23	$	584

Components of Interest Expense:

	For the Three Months Ended
(in millions)	June 30, 2023			June 30, 2022
Interest expense on debt obligations	$	205		$	161
Amortization of deferred financing costs and adjustments on long-term debt		7			7
Capitalized interest		(4	)		(3	)
Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs, net	$	208		$	165

Outlook for Components of Interest Expense:

(in millions)	Current Full Year 2023 Outlook⁽^b⁾			Previous Full Year 2023 Outlook⁽^c⁾
Interest expense on debt obligations	$824	to	$854	$804	to	$844
Amortization of deferred financing costs and adjustments on long-term debt	$20	to	$30	$20	to	$30
Capitalized interest	$(18)	to	$(8)	$(18)	to	$(8)
Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs, net	$834	to	$869	$814	to	$859

(a)	See our definitions of discretionary capital expenditures and sustaining capital expenditures in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."
(b)	As issued on July 19, 2023.
(c)	As issued on April 19, 2023.

Debt Balances and Maturity Dates as of June 30, 2023:

(in millions)	Face Value^(a)		Final Maturity
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	488

Senior Secured Notes, Series 2009-1, Class A-2^(b)		43	Aug. 2029
Senior Secured Tower Revenue Notes, Series 2015-2^(c)		700	May 2045
Senior Secured Tower Revenue Notes, Series 2018-2^(c)		750	July 2048
Finance leases and other obligations		266	Various
Total secured debt	$	1,759
2016 Revolver^(d)		679	July 2027
2016 Term Loan A^(e)		1,177	July 2027
Commercial Paper Notes⁽^f⁾		218	July 2023
3.150% Senior Notes		750	July 2023
3.200% Senior Notes		750	Sept. 2024
1.350% Senior Notes		500	July 2025
4.450% Senior Notes		900	Feb. 2026
3.700% Senior Notes		750	June 2026
1.050% Senior Notes		1,000	July 2026
2.900% Senior Notes		750	Mar. 2027
4.000% Senior Notes		500	Mar. 2027
3.650% Senior Notes		1,000	Sept. 2027
5.000% Senior Notes		1,000	Jan. 2028
3.800% Senior Notes		1,000	Feb. 2028
4.800% Senior Notes		600	Sept. 2028
4.300% Senior Notes		600	Feb. 2029
3.100% Senior Notes		550	Nov. 2029
3.300% Senior Notes		750	July 2030
2.250% Senior Notes		1,100	Jan. 2031
2.100% Senior Notes		1,000	Apr. 2031
2.500% Senior Notes		750	July 2031
5.100% Senior Notes		750	May. 2033
2.900% Senior Notes		1,250	Apr. 2041
4.750% Senior Notes		350	May 2047
5.200% Senior Notes		400	Feb. 2049
4.000% Senior Notes		350	Nov. 2049
4.150% Senior Notes		500	July 2050
3.250% Senior Notes		900	Jan. 2051
Total unsecured debt	$	20,824
Net Debt⁽^g⁾	$	22,095

(a)	Net of required principal amortizations.
(b)	The Senior Secured Notes, 2009-1, Class A-2 principal amortizes over a period ending in August 2029.
(c)	If the respective series of Tower Revenue Notes are not paid in full on or prior to an applicable anticipated repayment date, then the Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the indenture) of the issuers of such notes will be used to repay principal of the applicable series, and additional interest (of an additional approximately 5% per annum) will accrue on the respective series. The Senior Secured Tower Revenue Notes, 2015-2 and 2018-2 have anticipated repayment dates in 2025 and 2028, respectively. Notes are prepayable at par if voluntarily repaid within eighteen months of maturity; earlier prepayment may require additional consideration.
(d)	As of June 30, 2023, the undrawn availability under the $7.0 billion 2016 Revolver was $6.3 billion. The Company pays a commitment fee on the undrawn available amount, which as of June 30, 2023 ranged from 0.080% to 0.300%, based on the Company's senior unsecured debt rating, per annum.
(e)	The 2016 Term Loan A principal amortizes over a period ending in July 2027.
(f)	As of June 30, 2023, the Company had $1.8 billion available for issuance under its $2.0 billion unsecured commercial paper program. The maturities of the Commercial Paper Notes, when outstanding, may vary but may not exceed 397 days from the date of issue.
(g)	See further information on, and our definition and calculation of, Net Debt in this "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information."

Cautionary Language Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This news release contains forward-looking statements and information that are based on our management's current expectations as of the date of this news release. Statements that are not historical facts are hereby identified as forward-looking statements. In addition, words such as "estimate," "see," "anticipate," "project," "plan," "intend," "believe," "expect," "likely," "predicted," "positioned," "continue," "target," "focus," and any variations of these words and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements include our full year 2023 Outlook and plans, projections, expectations and estimates regarding (1) the value of our business model and strategy, (2) operating trends across our business and the impacts therefrom, (3) our dividends, including the timing, growth, and targets relating thereto, and its driving factors, (4) our debt maturities, (5) cash flow growth and the factors driving such growth, (6) revenue growth and its driving factors, (7) AFFO (including on a per share basis) and its components and growth, (8) Organic Contribution to Site Rental Billings (including as Adjusted for Impact of Sprint Cancellations) and its components and growth, (9) site rental revenues and its components and growth, (10) the impact of interest rate increases, (11) our balance sheet, (12) the impact of Sprint Cancellations on our operating and financial results, (13) anticipated cost reductions and charges associated therewith, including timing, amounts, impact and recurrence, (14) the timing of 5G deployment in the US and the opportunities stemming therefrom, (15) towers activity, including potential impacts therefrom on our financial results, (16) services contribution to our Towers business, (17) non-renewals, and (18) the growth in our business and its driving factors. All future dividends are subject to declaration by our board of directors.

Such forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including prevailing market conditions and the following:

Our business depends on the demand for our communications infrastructure (including towers, small cells and fiber), driven primarily by demand for data, and we may be adversely affected by any slowdown in such demand. Additionally, a reduction in the amount or change in the mix of network investment by our tenants may materially and adversely affect our business (including reducing demand for our communications infrastructure or services).
A substantial portion of our revenues is derived from a small number of tenants, and the loss, consolidation or financial instability of any of such tenants may materially decrease revenues, reduce demand for our communications infrastructure and services and impact our dividend per share growth.
The expansion or development of our business, including through acquisitions, increased product offerings or other strategic growth opportunities, may cause disruptions in our business, which may have an adverse effect on our business, operations or financial results.
Our Fiber segment has expanded rapidly, and the Fiber business model contains certain differences from our Towers business model, resulting in different operational risks. If we do not successfully operate our Fiber business model or identify or manage the related operational risks, such operations may produce results that are lower than anticipated.
Failure to timely, efficiently and safely execute on our construction projects could adversely affect our business.
New technologies may reduce demand for our communications infrastructure or negatively impact our revenues.
If we fail to retain rights to our communications infrastructure, including the rights to land under our towers and the right-of-way and other agreements related to our small cells and fiber, our business may be adversely affected.
Our services business has historically experienced significant volatility in demand, which reduces the predictability of our results.
If radio frequency emissions from wireless handsets or equipment on our communications infrastructure are demonstrated to cause negative health effects, potential future claims could adversely affect our operations, costs or revenues.
Cybersecurity breaches or other information technology disruptions could adversely affect our operations, business and reputation.
Our business may be adversely impacted by climate-related events, natural disasters, including wildfires, and other unforeseen events.
As a result of competition in our industry, we may find it more difficult to negotiate favorable rates on our new or renewing tenant contracts.
New wireless technologies may not deploy or be adopted by tenants as rapidly or in the manner projected.
Our focus on and disclosure of our Environmental, Social and Governance position, metrics, strategy, goals and initiatives expose us to potential litigation and other adverse effects to our business.
We operate in a challenging labor market and failure to attract, recruit and retain qualified and experienced employees could adversely affect our business, operations and costs.
Our substantial level of indebtedness could adversely affect our ability to react to changes in our business, and the terms of our debt instruments limit our ability to take a number of actions that our management might otherwise believe to be in our best interests. In addition, if we fail to comply with our covenants, our debt could be accelerated.
We have a substantial amount of indebtedness. In the event we do not repay or refinance such indebtedness, we could face substantial liquidity issues and might be required to issue equity securities or securities convertible into equity securities, or sell some of our assets, possibly on unfavorable terms, to meet our debt payment obligations.
Sales or issuances of a substantial number of shares of our common stock or securities convertible into shares of our common stock may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
Certain provisions of our restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, amended and restated by-laws and operative agreements, and domestic and international competition laws may make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us or for us to acquire control of a third party, even if such a change in control would be beneficial to our stockholders.
If we fail to comply with laws or regulations which regulate our business and which may change at any time, we may be fined or even lose our right to conduct some of our business.
Future dividend payments to our stockholders will reduce the availability of our cash on hand available to fund future discretionary investments, and may result in a need to incur indebtedness or issue equity securities to fund growth opportunities. In such event, the then current economic, credit market or equity market conditions will impact the availability or cost of such financing, which may hinder our ability to grow our per share results of operations.
Remaining qualified to be taxed as a Real Estate Investment Trust ("REIT") involves highly technical and complex provisions of the Code. Failure to remain qualified as a REIT would result in our inability to deduct dividends to stockholders when computing our taxable income, thereby increasing our tax obligations and reducing our available cash.
Complying with REIT requirements, including the 90% distribution requirement, may limit our flexibility or cause us to forgo otherwise attractive opportunities, including certain discretionary investments and potential financing alternatives.
REIT related ownership limitations and transfer restrictions may prevent or restrict certain transfers of our capital stock.

Should one or more of these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those expected. More information about potential risk factors which could affect our results is included in our filings with the SEC. Our filings with the SEC are available through the SEC website at www.sec.gov or through our investor relations website at investor.crowncastle.com. We use our investor relations website to disclose information about us that may be deemed to be material. We encourage investors, the media and others interested in us to visit our investor relations website from time to time to review up-to-date information or to sign up for e-mail alerts to be notified when new or updated information is posted on the site.

As used in this release, the term "including," and any variation thereof, means "including without limitation."

CROWN CASTLE INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in millions, except par values)

	June 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	276		$	156
Restricted cash		207			166
Receivables, net		496			593
Prepaid expenses		182			102
Deferred site rental receivables		117			127
Other current assets		71			73
Total current assets		1,349			1,217
Deferred site rental receivables		2,128			1,954
Property and equipment, net		15,571			15,407
Operating lease right-of-use assets		6,385			6,526
Goodwill		10,085			10,085
Site rental contracts and tenant relationships		3,329			3,535
Other intangible assets, net		59			61
Other assets, net		136			136
Total assets	$	39,042		$	38,921

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	240		$	236
Accrued interest		219			183
Deferred revenues		793			736
Other accrued liabilities		312			407
Current maturities of debt and other obligations		819			819
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		342			350
Total current liabilities		2,725			2,731
Debt and other long-term obligations		21,599			20,910
Operating lease liabilities		5,750			5,881
Other long-term liabilities		1,922			1,950
Total liabilities		31,996			31,472
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, 0.01 par value; 1,200 shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding: June 30, 2023—434 and December 31, 2022—433		4			4
Additional paid-in capital		18,202			18,116
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		(5	)		(5	)
Dividends/distributions in excess of earnings		(11,155	)		(10,666	)
Total equity		7,046			7,449
Total liabilities and equity	$	39,042		$	38,921

CROWN CASTLE INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in millions, except per share amounts)

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
		2023			2022			2023			2022
Net revenues:
Site rental	$	1,728		$	1,567		$	3,352		$	3,143
Services and other		139			167			288			333
Net revenues		1,867			1,734			3,640			3,476
Operating expenses:
Costs of operations:^(a)
Site rental		424			402			839			798
Services and other		98			112			202			225
Selling, general and administrative		210			190			405			371
Asset write-down charges		22			9			22			23
Acquisition and integration costs		1			1			1			1
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		445			427			876			847
Total operating expenses		1,200			1,141			2,345			2,265
Operating income (loss)		667			593			1,295			1,211
Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs, net		(208	)		(165	)		(410	)		(329	)
Gains (losses) on retirement of long-term obligations		—			—			—			(26	)
Interest income		5			—			7			1
Other income (expense)		(2	)		(2	)		(4	)		(4	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		462			426			888			853
Benefit (provision) for income taxes		(7	)		(5	)		(14	)		(11	)
Net income (loss)	$	455		$	421		$	874		$	842

Net income (loss), per common share:
Basic	$	1.05		$	0.97		$	2.02		$	1.95
Diluted	$	1.05		$	0.97		$	2.01		$	1.94
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic		434			433			433			433
Diluted		434			434			434			434

(a)	Exclusive of depreciation, amortization and accretion shown separately.

CROWN CASTLE INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(In millions of dollars)

	Six Months Ended June 30,
		2023			2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	874		$	842
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization and accretion		876			847
(Gains) losses on retirement of long-term obligations		—			26
Amortization of deferred financing costs and other non-cash interest		14			7
Stock-based compensation expense, net		91			83
Asset write-down charges		22			23
Deferred income tax (benefit) provision		1			1
Other non-cash adjustments, net		2			3
Changes in assets and liabilities, excluding the effects of acquisitions:
Increase (decrease) in liabilities		(35	)		(232	)
Decrease (increase) in assets		(120	)		(263	)
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities		1,725			1,337
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures		(720	)		(584	)
Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired		(89	)		(15	)
Other investing activities, net		3			(10	)
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities		(806	)		(609	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt		2,347			748
Principal payments on debt and other long-term obligations		(39	)		(36	)
Purchases and redemptions of long-term debt		—			(1,274	)
Borrowings under revolving credit facility		2,113			2,050
Payments under revolving credit facility		(2,739	)		(1,565	)
Net borrowings (repayments) under commercial paper program		(1,024	)		687
Payments for financing costs		(23	)		(8	)
Purchases of common stock		(29	)		(63	)
Dividends/distributions paid on common stock		(1,364	)		(1,287	)
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities		(758	)		(748	)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		161			(20	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		—			—
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		327			466
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	488		$	446
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid		367			324
Income taxes paid (refunded)		10			9

CROWN CASTLE INC.

SEGMENT OPERATING RESULTS (UNAUDITED)

(In millions of dollars)

SEGMENT OPERATING RESULTS
	Three Months Ended June 30, 2023								Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Towers		Fiber		Other		Consolidated Total		Towers		Fiber		Other		Consolidated Total
Segment site rental revenues	$	1,080	$	648			$	1,728	$	1,078	$	489			$	1,567
Segment services and other revenues	124		15					139	164		3				167
Segment revenues	1,204		663					1,867	1,242		492				1,734
Segment site rental costs of operations	243		171					414	232		162				394
Segment services and other costs of operations	92		3					95	107		2				109
Segment costs of operations^(a)(b)	335		174					509	339		164				503
Segment site rental gross margin^(c)	837		477					1,314	846		327				1,173
Segment services and other gross margin^(c)	32		12					44	57		1				58
Segment selling, general and administrative expenses^(b)	30		51					81	28		46				74
Segment operating profit^(c)	839		438					1,277	875		282				1,157
Other selling, general and administrative expenses^(b)					$	88		88					$	79	79
Stock-based compensation expense, net						50		50						44	44
Depreciation, amortization and accretion						445		445						427	427
Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs, net						208		208						165	165
Other (income) expenses to reconcile to income (loss) before income taxes^(d)						24		24						16	16
Income (loss) before income taxes							$	462							$	426

(a)	Exclusive of depreciation, amortization and accretion shown separately.
(b)	Segment costs of operations exclude (1) stock-based compensation expense, net of $9 million and $7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and (2) prepaid lease purchase price adjustments of $4 million for each of the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. Segment selling, general and administrative expenses and other selling, general and administrative expenses exclude stock-based compensation expense, net of $41 million and $37 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(c)	See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for a discussion and our definitions of segment site rental gross margin, segment services and other gross margin and segment operating profit.
(d)	See condensed consolidated statement of operations for further information.

SEGMENT OPERATING RESULTS
	Six Months Ended June 30, 2023								Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Towers		Fiber		Other		Consolidated Total		Towers		Fiber		Other		Consolidated Total
Segment site rental revenues	$	2,161	$	1,191			$	3,352	$	2,153	$	990			$	3,143
Segment services and other revenues		270		18				288		327		6				333
Segment revenues		2,431		1,209				3,640		2,480		996				3,476
Segment site rental costs of operations		477		343				820		458		323				781
Segment services and other costs of operations		191		5				196		216		4				220
Segment costs of operations^(a)(b)		668		348				1,016		674		327				1,001
Segment site rental gross margin^(c)		1,684		848				2,532		1,695		667				2,362
Segment services and other gross margin^(c)		79		13				92		111		2				113
Segment selling, general and administrative expenses^(b)		61		100				161		56		93				149
Segment operating profit^(c)		1,702		761				2,463		1,750		576				2,326
Other selling, general and administrative expenses^(b)					$	170		170					$	153		153
Stock-based compensation expense, net						91		91						83		83
Depreciation, amortization and accretion						876		876						847		847
Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs, net						410		410						329		329
Other (income) expenses to reconcile to income (loss) before income taxes^(d)						28		28						61		61
Income (loss) before income taxes							$	888							$	853

(a)	Exclusive of depreciation, amortization and accretion shown separately.
(b)	Segment costs of operations exclude (1) stock-based compensation expense, net of $17 million and $14 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and (2) prepaid lease purchase price adjustments of $8 million for each of the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Segment selling, general and administrative expenses and other selling, general and administrative expenses exclude stock-based compensation expense, net of $74 million and $69 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(c)	See "Non-GAAP Measures and Other Information" for a discussion and our definitions of segment site rental gross margin, segment services and other gross margin and segment operating profit.
(d)	See condensed consolidated statement of operations for further information.


Contacts:	Dan Schlanger, CFO
	Kris Hinson, VP Corp Finance & Treasurer
	Crown Castle Inc.
	713-570-3050

Photos accompanying this announcement are available at:

https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/c45e7370-0ee5-4cb4-b2f0-72913c53eecd

https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/3a2c54f8-c2dd-4253-8bf4-192189c40b30

Crown Castle Reports Second Quarter 2023 Results and Updates Outlook for Full Year 2023