Cummins Reports First Quarter 2025 Results

• First quarter revenues of $8.2 billion; GAAP¹ Net Income of $824 million, or 10.1% of sales
• EBITDA in the first quarter was 17.9% of sales; Diluted EPS of $5.96

Cummins Inc. (NYSE:CMI) today reported results for the first quarter of 2025.

"The company delivered strong financial results in the first quarter of 2025 led by record performance in our Power Systems Segment," said Jennifer Rumsey, Chair and CEO. "I want to thank our global employees for their commitment to delivering for our customers in an increasingly challenging environment. Due to growing economic uncertainty driven by tariffs we have withdrawn our full year forecast."

First quarter revenues of $8.2 billion decreased 3% from the same quarter in 2024. Sales in North America decreased 1%, and international revenues decreased 5% due to lower demand in Latin America and Asia Pacific, partially offset by higher sales in China.

Net income attributable to Cummins in the first quarter was $824 million, or $5.96 per diluted share, compared to $2.0 billion, or $14.03 per diluted share, in 2024. The first quarter of 2024 included the gain related to the separation of Atmus, net of transaction costs and other expenses, of $1.3 billion, or $9.08 per diluted share, and restructuring expenses of $29 million, or $0.15 per diluted share.

Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) in the first quarter were $1.5 billion, or 17.9% of sales, compared to $2.6 billion, or 30.6% of sales, a year ago. EBITDA for the first quarter of 2024 included the gain and costs noted above.

2025 Outlook:

Due to growing economic uncertainty, the company is not providing an outlook for revenue or profitability for the remainder of 2025.

"While the outlook for the remainder of the year remains unclear, we remain confident in our position and that our Destination Zero strategy is the right one," said Rumsey. "Cummins is in a strong position to navigate through economic uncertainty, and we look forward to reinstating our forecast when conditions allow."

First Quarter 2025 Highlights:

• Cummins introduced the much-anticipated X10 as part of our Cummins HELM™ platforms. This engine replaces both the L9 and X12 engine platforms to deliver a new level of performance, durability and efficiency for heavy and medium-duty customers. Alongside the X15 and B Series, the X10 provides customers with a power solution to meet their unique operational requirements while maintaining the performance and reliability for which Cummins is known.
• Cummins also unveiled the new Cummins B7.2 diesel engine that brings the latest technology and advancements to one of our most proven platforms. The new engine will feature a slightly higher displacement and is designed to be a global platform which creates flexibility for different applications and duty cycles. Both the B7.2 and X10 engines will be manufactured at Rocky Mount Engine Plant in North Carolina and will go into production in North America in 2027.
• In February, Cummins announced the acquisition of assets of First Mode, a leader in retrofit hybrid solutions for mining and rail operations. The acquisition included hybrid mining and rail product lines, and the full technology portfolio which includes hydrogen and battery powertrain solutions. This technology represents the first commercially available retrofit hybrid system for mining equipment, significantly reducing total cost of ownership (TCO) while advancing decarbonization in operations.
• Accelera™ by Cummins announced the supply of a 100-megawatt proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer system for bp's Lingen green hydrogen project in Germany. The hydrogen-generation system will be the largest electrolyzer system assembled by Accelera to date and will be manufactured in Accelera's new electrolyzer plant in Spain. Once fully commissioned in 2027, the 100 MW electrolyzer system will produce up to 11,000 tons of green hydrogen per year.

¹ Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the U.S.

First quarter 2025 detail (all comparisons to same period in 2024):

Engine Segment

• Sales - $2.8 billion, down 5%
• Segment EBITDA - $458 million, or 16.5% of sales, compared to $414 million, or 14.1% of sales
• Revenues decreased 4% in North America and 11% in international markets due to lower on-highway demand in the United States and Latin America.

Components Segment

• Sales - $2.7 billion, down 20%
• Segment EBITDA - $382 million, or 14.3% of sales, compared to $473 million, or 14.2% of sales, which includes $21 million of costs related to the separation of Atmus
• Revenues in North America decreased by 20% and international sales decreased by 20% primarily due to the separation of Atmus and lower on-highway demand in the United States and Europe.

Distribution Segment

• Sales - $2.9 billion, up 15%
• Segment EBITDA - $376 million, or 12.9% of sales, compared to $294 million, or 11.6% of sales
• Revenues in North America increased 22% and international sales decreased by 1% primarily due to increased demand for power generation products in North America and favorable pricing.

Power Systems Segment

• Sales - $1.6 billion, up 19%
• Segment EBITDA - $389 million, or 23.6% of sales, compared to $237 million, or 17.1% of sales
• Revenues in North America increased 15% and international sales increased 22% driven primarily by increased power generation demand, particularly for the data center market.

Accelera Segment

• Sales - $103 million, up 11%
• Segment EBITDA loss - $86 million
• Revenues improved due to increased eMobility demand and electrolyzer installations. The company remains committed to pacing and focusing our zero emissions investments on the most promising paths in order to ensure we are set up for long-term success as part of our Destination Zero strategy. These continued investments contributed to the EBITDA losses.

About Cummins Inc.

Cummins Inc., a global power solutions leader, is comprised of five business segments – Engine, Components, Distribution, Power Systems and Accelera by Cummins – supported by our global manufacturing and extensive service and support network, skilled workforce and vast technological expertise. Cummins is committed to its Destination Zero strategy, which is grounded in the company's commitment to sustainability and helping its customers successfully navigate the energy transition with its broad portfolio of products. The products range from advanced diesel, natural gas, electric and hybrid powertrains and powertrain-related components including, aftertreatment, turbochargers, fuel systems, valvetrain technologies, controls systems, air handling systems, automated transmissions, axles, drivelines, brakes, suspension systems, electric power generation systems, electrified power systems with innovative components and subsystems, including battery, fuel cell and electric power technologies and hydrogen production technologies. Headquartered in Columbus, Indiana (U.S.), since its founding in 1919, Cummins employs approximately 69,600 people committed to powering a more prosperous world through three global corporate responsibility priorities critical to healthy communities: education, environment, and equality of opportunity. Cummins serves its customers online, through a network of company-owned and independent distributor locations, and through thousands of dealer locations worldwide and earned about $3.9 billion on sales of $34.1 billion in 2024. See how Cummins is powering a world that's always on by accessing news releases and more information at https://www.cummins.com/.

Forward-looking disclosure statement

Information provided in this release that is not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements regarding our forecasts, guidance, preliminary results, expectations, hopes, beliefs and intentions on strategies regarding the future. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements relating to our plans and expectations for our revenues and EBITDA. Our actual future results could differ materially from those projected in such forward-looking statements because of a number of factors, including, but not limited to: any adverse consequences resulting from entering into the Settlement Agreements, including required additional mitigation projects, adverse reputational impacts and potential resulting legal actions; increased scrutiny from regulatory agencies, as well as unpredictability in the adoption, implementation and enforcement of emission standards around the world; evolving environmental and climate change legislation and regulatory initiatives; changes in international, national and regional trade laws, regulations and policies; changes in taxation; global legal and ethical compliance costs and risks; future bans or limitations on the use of diesel-powered products; raw material, transportation and labor price fluctuations and supply shortages; aligning our capacity and production with our demand; the actions of, and income from, joint ventures and other investees that we do not directly control; large truck manufacturers' and original equipment manufacturers' customers discontinuing outsourcing their engine supply needs or experiencing financial distress, or change in control; product recalls; variability in material and commodity costs; the development of new technologies that reduce demand for our current products and services; lower than expected acceptance of new or existing products or services; product liability claims; our sales mix of products; climate change, global warming, more stringent climate change regulations, accords, mitigation efforts, greenhouse gas regulations or other legislation designed to address climate change; our plan to reposition our portfolio of product offerings through exploration of strategic acquisitions, divestitures or exiting the production of certain product lines or product categories and related uncertainties of such decisions; increasing interest rates; challenging markets for talent and ability to attract, develop and retain key personnel; exposure to potential security breaches or other disruptions to our information technology (IT) environment and data security; the use of artificial intelligence in our business and in our products and challenges with properly managing its use; political, economic and other risks from operations in numerous countries including political, economic and social uncertainty and the evolving globalization of our business; competitor activity; increasing competition, including increased global competition among our customers in emerging markets; failure to meet sustainability expectations or standards, or achieve our sustainability goals; labor relations or work stoppages; foreign currency exchange rate changes; the performance of our pension plan assets and volatility of discount rates; the price and availability of energy; continued availability of financing, financial instruments and financial resources in the amounts, at the times and on the terms required to support our future business; and other risks detailed from time to time in our SEC filings, including particularly in the Risk Factors section of our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Shareholders, potential investors and other readers are urged to consider these factors carefully in evaluating the forward-looking statements and are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements made herein are made only as of the date of this release and we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. More detailed information about factors that may affect our performance may be found in our filings with the SEC, which are available at https://www.sec.gov or at https://www.cummins.com in the Investor Relations section of our website.

Presentation of Non-GAAP Financial Information

EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure used in this release and is defined and reconciled to what management believes to be the most comparable GAAP measure in a schedule attached to this release, except for forward-looking measures of EBITDA where a reconciliation to the corresponding GAAP measures is not available due to the variability, complexity and limited visibility of the non-cash items that are excluded from the non-GAAP outlook measure. Cummins presents this information as it believes it is useful to understanding the Company's operating performance, and because EBITDA is a measure used internally to assess the performance of the operating units.

Webcast information

Cummins management will host a teleconference to discuss these results today at 10 a.m. EDT. This teleconference will be webcast and available on the Investor Relations section of the Cummins website at www.cummins.com. Participants wishing to view the visuals available with the audio are encouraged to sign-in a few minutes prior to the start of the teleconference.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SELECT FOOTNOTE DATA

(Unaudited)

EQUITY, ROYALTY AND INTEREST INCOME FROM INVESTEES

Equity, royalty and interest income from investees included in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income for the reporting periods was as follows:

INCOME TAXES

Our effective tax rate for 2025, excluding discrete items, is expected to approximate 24.5 percent.

Our effective tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, were 23.9 percent and 8.7 percent, respectively.

The three months ended March 31, 2025, contained net favorable discrete tax items of $7 million, or $0.05 per diluted share, primarily due to $8 million of favorable share-based compensation tax benefits, partially offset by $1 million of other unfavorable tax items.

The three months ended March 31, 2024, contained favorable discrete tax items primarily due to the $1.3 billion non-taxable gain on the Atmus split-off. Other discrete tax items were $21 million favorable primarily due to adjustments related to audit settlements.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FINANCIAL MEASURES THAT SUPPLEMENT GAAP

(Unaudited)

Reconciliation of Non GAAP measures - Earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization and noncontrolling interests (EBITDA)

We believe EBITDA is a useful measure of our operating performance as it assists investors and debt holders in comparing our performance on a consistent basis without regard to financing methods, capital structure, income taxes or depreciation and amortization methods, which can vary significantly depending upon many factors. We believe EBITDA excluding special items is a useful measure of our operating performance without regard to the impact of the gain recognized and the related costs for the divestiture of Atmus and restructuring actions. This statement excludes forward looking measures of EBITDA where a reconciliation to the corresponding accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) measures is not available due to the variability, complexity and limited visibility of non-cash items that are excluded from the non-GAAP outlook measure.

EBITDA is not in accordance with, or an alternative for, GAAP and may not be consistent with measures used by other companies. It should be considered supplemental data; however, the amounts included in the EBITDA calculation are derived from amounts included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income. Below is a reconciliation of net income attributable to Cummins Inc. to EBITDA for each of the applicable periods:

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SEGMENT SALES DATA

(Unaudited)

Engine Segment Sales by Market and Unit Shipments by Engine Classification

Sales for our Engine segment by market were as follows:

Unit shipments by engine classification (including unit shipments to Power Systems and off-highway engine units included in their respective classification) were as follows:

Components Segment Sales by Business

Sales for our Components segment by business were as follows:

Distribution Segment Sales by Product Line

Sales for our Distribution segment by product line were as follows:

Power Systems Segment Sales by Product Line and Unit Shipments by Engine Classification

Sales for our Power Systems segment by product line were as follows:

High-horsepower unit shipments by engine classification were as follows:

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Melinda Koski

External Communications

812-377-0500

[email protected]