Dropbox Announces Fourth Quarter and Fiscal 2023 Results

Fourth Quarter Revenue of $635.0 Million, up 6.0% year-over-year; on a constant currency basis, up 6.2% year-over-year

GAAP Operating Margin of 42.1% and Non-GAAP Operating Margin of 32.2%

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities of $200.3 Million and Free Cash Flow of $190.3 Million

Fiscal 2023 Revenue of $2.502 Billion, up 7.6% year-over-year; on a constant currency basis, up 9.3% year-over-year

GAAP Operating Margin of 21.5% and Non-GAAP Operating Margin of 32.8%

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities of $783.7 Million and Free Cash Flow of $759.4 Million

Dropbox, Inc. (NASDAQ:DBX), today announced financial results for its fourth quarter and fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

"I'm encouraged by the progress we made in 2023 despite facing headwinds in Q4," said Dropbox Co-Founder and Chief Executive Officer Drew Houston. "We improved the overall profitability of the core business, while investing in growth initiatives with new AI-powered product experiences like Dash. Looking ahead, we'll continue to focus on driving cash flow and improving efficiency in our core FSS business, while making strategic investments to capitalize on the new market opportunity that AI presents."

Fourth Quarter Fiscal 2023 Results

• Total revenue was $635.0 million, an increase of 6.0% from the same period last year. On a constant currency basis, year-over-year growth would have been 6.2%.⁽¹⁾ Total revenue increased $2.0 million quarter-over-quarter.
• Total ARR was $2.523 billion, a slight increase of 0.3% from the same period last year. On a constant currency basis, year-over-year growth would have been 3.8%.⁽²⁾ Total ARR decreased $2.2 million quarter-over-quarter.
• Paying users was 18.12 million, as compared to 17.77 million for the same period last year. Average revenue per paying user was $138.83, as compared to $134.53 for the same period last year. Paying users decreased 0.05 million quarter-over-quarter.
• GAAP gross margin was 80.8%, as compared to 80.7% for the same period last year. Non-GAAP gross margin was 82.3%, as compared to 82.0% for the same period last year.
• GAAP operating margin was 42.1%, as compared to (13.4%) for the same period last year. In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company recorded a net gain on real estate assets of $158.8 million related to the partial termination of the Company's lease for its San Francisco, California corporate headquarters. In the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company recorded impairment charges related to real estate assets of $162.5 million. Non-GAAP operating margin was 32.2%, as compared to 29.9% for the same period last year.
• GAAP net income was $227.3 million, as compared to $328.3 million for the same period last year. In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company recorded the aforementioned net gain on real estate assets. In the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company recorded a one-time income tax benefit from the release of a valuation allowance of $420.2 million, offset by the aforementioned impairment charges. Non-GAAP net income was $170.8 million, as compared to $141.2 million for the same period last year.
• Net cash provided by operating activities was $200.3 million, as compared to $194.6 million for the same period last year. Free cash flow was $190.3 million, as compared to $181.7 million for the same period last year. For the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company paid $28.1 million for the aforementioned partial termination of the Company's lease for its San Francisco, California corporate headquarters. For the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company paid $34.7 million related to deal consideration holdbacks pertaining to acquisitions.
• GAAP diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders was $0.66, as compared to $0.93 in the same period last year. Non-GAAP diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders was $0.50, as compared to $0.40 in the same period last year.⁽³⁾
• Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments ended at $1.356 billion.

Full Year Fiscal 2023 Results

• Total revenue was $2.502 billion, an increase of 7.6% year over year. On a constant currency basis, year-over-year growth would have been 9.3%.⁽¹⁾
• Average revenue per paying user was $139.38, as compared to $134.51 in the prior year.
• GAAP gross margin was 80.9%, consistent with the prior year. Non-GAAP gross margin was 82.5%, as compared to 82.3% in the prior year.
• GAAP operating margin was 21.5%, as compared to 7.8% in the prior year. Non-GAAP operating margin was 32.8%, as compared to 30.9% in the prior year.
• GAAP net income was $453.6 million, as compared to $553.2 million in the prior year. Non-GAAP net income was $685.0 million, as compared to $573.9 million in the prior year.
• Net cash provided by operating activities was $783.7 million as compared to $797.3 million in the prior year. Free cash flow was $759.4 million as compared to $763.5 million in the prior year.
• GAAP diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders was $1.31, as compared to $1.52 in the prior year. Non-GAAP diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders was $1.98, as compared to $1.58 in the prior year.⁽⁴⁾

Financial Outlook

Dropbox will provide forward-looking guidance in connection with this quarterly earnings announcement on its conference call, webcast, and on its investor relations website at http://investors.dropbox.com.

Conference Call Information

Dropbox plans to host a conference call today to review its fourth quarter financial results and to discuss its financial outlook. This call is scheduled to begin at 2:00 p.m. PT / 5:00 p.m. ET and can be accessed by using the web link at http://investors.dropbox.com.

Other Upcoming Events

• Tim Regan, Chief Financial Officer, will be hosting meetings at the JMP Technology Conference on Monday, March 4th, 2024.

About Dropbox

Dropbox is the one place to keep life organized and keep work moving. With more than 700 million registered users across approximately 180 countries, we're on a mission to design a more enlightened way of working. Dropbox is headquartered in San Francisco, CA, and has employees around the world. For more information on our mission and products, visit http://dropbox.com.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable financial results as determined in accordance with GAAP are included at the end of this press release following the accompanying financial data. For a description of these non-GAAP financial measures, including the reasons management uses each measure, please see the section of the tables titled "About Non-GAAP Financial Measures."

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 including, among other things, our expectations regarding distributed work and artificial intelligence and machine learning trends, related market opportunities and our ability to capitalize on those opportunities. Words such as "believe," "may," "will," "estimate," "continue," "anticipate," "intend," "expect," "plans," and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this press release and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions including, but not limited to: (i) our ability to retain and upgrade paying users, and increase our recurring revenue; (ii) our ability to attract new users or convert registered users to paying users; (iii) our expectations regarding general economic, political, and market trends and their respective impacts on our business; (iv) impacts to our financial results and business operations as a result of pricing and packaging changes to our subscription plans; (v) our future financial performance, including trends in revenue, costs of revenue, gross profit or gross margin, operating expenses, paying users, and free cash flow; (vi) our ability to achieve or maintain profitability; (vii) our liability for any unauthorized access to our data or our users' content, including through privacy and data security breaches; (viii) significant disruption of service on our platform or loss of content; (ix) any decline in demand for our platform or for content collaboration solutions in general; (x) changes in the interoperability of our platform across devices, operating systems, and third-party applications that we do not control; (xi) competition in our markets; (xii) our ability to respond to rapid technological changes, extend our platform, develop new features or products, or gain market acceptance for such new features or products; (xiii) our ability to improve quality and ease of adoption of our new and enhanced product experiences, features, and capabilities; (xiv) our ability to manage our growth or plan for future growth; (xv) our various acquisitions of businesses and the potential of such acquisitions to require significant management attention, disrupt our business, or dilute stockholder value; (xvi) our ability to attract, retain, integrate, and manage key and other highly qualified personnel, including as a result of our transition to a Virtual First model with an increasingly distributed workforce and in light of the reduction of our workforce announced last year; (xvii) our capital allocation plans with respect to our stock repurchase program and other investments; and (xviii) the dual class structure of our common stock and its effect of concentrating voting control with certain stockholders who held our capital stock prior to the completion of our initial public offering. Further information on risks that could affect Dropbox's results is included in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), including our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023. Additional information will be made available in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and other reports that we may file with the SEC from time to time, which could cause actual results to vary from expectations. If the risks materialize or assumptions prove incorrect, actual results could differ materially from the results implied by these forward-looking statements. Dropbox assumes no obligation to, and does not currently intend to, update any such forward-looking statements after the date of this release, except as required by applicable law.

About Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To provide investors and others with additional information regarding Dropbox's results, we have disclosed the following non-GAAP financial measures: revenue growth and Total ARR growth excluding foreign exchange effect, which we refer to as on a constant currency basis, non-GAAP cost of revenue, non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP operating expenses (including research and development, sales and marketing and general and administrative), non-GAAP income from operations, non-GAAP net income, free cash flow ("FCF") and non-GAAP diluted net income per share. Dropbox has provided a reconciliation of each non-GAAP financial measure used in this earnings release to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure. Non-GAAP cost of revenue, gross profit, operating expenses, income from operations, and net income differ from GAAP in that they exclude stock-based compensation expense, amortization of acquired intangible assets, other acquisition-related expenses, which include third-party diligence costs and expenses related to key employee holdback agreements, net (gain) loss on real estate assets, expenses related to our reduction in workforce, net gains on equity investments and the income tax effect of the aforementioned adjustments. FCF differs from GAAP net cash provided by operating activities in that it treats capital expenditures as a reduction to net cash provided by operating activities. Free cash flow margin is calculated as FCF divided by revenue. In order to present revenue on a constant currency basis for the quarter ended December 31, 2023, Dropbox calculates constant currency revenue growth rates by applying the prior period weighted average exchange rates to current period results. Dropbox calculates constant currency Total ARR growth rates by applying the current period rate to prior period results. Dropbox presents constant currency information to provide a framework for assessing how our underlying business performed excluding the effect of foreign currency rate fluctuations.

Dropbox's management uses these non-GAAP financial measures to understand and compare operating results across accounting periods, for internal budgeting and forecasting purposes, for short and long-term operating plans, and to evaluate Dropbox's financial performance and the ability to generate cash from operations. Management believes these non-GAAP financial measures reflect Dropbox's ongoing business in a manner that allows for meaningful period-to-period comparisons and analysis of trends in Dropbox's business, as they exclude expenses that are not reflective of ongoing operating results. Management also believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful supplemental information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating Dropbox's operating results and future prospects in the same manner as management and in comparing financial results across accounting periods and to those of peer companies.

We believe that the non-GAAP financial measures, non-GAAP cost of revenue, gross profit, operating expenses, income from operations, net income, and diluted net income per share are meaningful to investors because they help identify underlying trends in our business that could otherwise be masked by the effect of the expenses that we exclude.

We believe that FCF is an indicator of our liquidity over the long term and provides useful information regarding cash provided by operating activities and cash used for investments in property and equipment required to maintain and grow our business. FCF is presented for supplemental informational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. FCF has limitations as an analytical tool, and it should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of other GAAP financial measures, such as net cash provided by operating activities. Some of the limitations of FCF are that FCF does not reflect our future contractual commitments, excludes investments made to acquire assets under finance leases, includes capital expenditures, and may be calculated differently by other companies in our industry, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.

The use of non-GAAP cost of revenue, gross profit, operating expenses, income from operations, net income, free cash flow, and diluted net income per share measures has certain limitations as they do not reflect all items of income, expense, and cash expenditures, as applicable, that affect Dropbox's operations. Dropbox mitigates these limitations by reconciling the non-GAAP financial measures to the most comparable GAAP financial measures. Additionally, we have provided supplemental disclosures in our reconciliation of net cash provided by operating activities to free cash flow to include expenses related to reduction in workforce and key employee holdback payments related to our various acquisitions. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for or in isolation from, measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. Further, these non-GAAP measures may differ from the non-GAAP information used by other companies, including peer companies, and therefore comparability may be limited. Management encourages investors and others to review Dropbox's financial information in its entirety and not rely on a single financial measure.

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