LSB Industries, Inc. Reports Operating Results for the 2024 First Quarter

LSB Industries, Inc. (NYSE:LXU) ("LSB" or the "Company") today announced results for the first quarter ended March 31, 2024.

First Quarter 2024 Results and Recent Highlights

• Net sales of $138 million compared to $181 million in the first quarter of 2023
• Net income of $6 million compared to net income $16 million in the first quarter of 2023
• Diluted EPS of $0.08 compared to $0.21 for the first quarter of 2023
• Adjusted EBITDA⁽¹⁾ of $33 million compared to $51 million in the first quarter of 2023
• Cash Flow from Operations of $24 million with Capital Expenditures of $18 million
• Repurchased approximately 0.7 million shares of common stock during the first quarter of 2024, and approximately 1.5 million shares year-to-date
• Repurchased $33 million in principal amount of Senior Secured Notes during the first quarter of 2024, and $75 million in principal amount year-to-date
• Total cash and short-term investments of approximately $265 million as of March 31, 2024

"Our first quarter results were consistent with our expectations for a significant improvement relative to our fourth quarter of 2023," stated Mark Behrman, LSB Industries' President and CEO. "Selling prices remained lower relative to the prior year quarter as the spike in nitrogen prices experienced in 2022 kept prices elevated during the first quarter of 2023. This was partially offset by a solid increase in sales volumes driven by strong demand for fertilizers, enhanced by our strategic commercial efforts. Additionally, we benefited from a healthy increase in downstream production volumes."

"We generated solid cash flow in the first quarter, contributing to our ability to return value to shareholders through stock repurchases, while further de-risking our balance sheet by repurchasing bonds at a discount to market. We continue to make investments in the reliability and safety of our facilities that we expect to lead to greater production volumes. During the second half of this year we will be deploying capital to conduct Turnarounds at our Pryor and Cherokee facilities and complete multiple smaller projects that we believe will collectively lead to incremental EBITDA and improved shareholder value."

"We are increasingly excited about our clean ammonia initiatives as we continue to make progress in bringing our two projects to fruition. Indications from the EPA remain favorable with respect to the anticipated timeline for our partner, Lapis Energy, to begin capturing and sequestering CO₂ at our El Dorado facility. Additionally, we are pleased with the interest we are seeing in off-take for low-carbon nitrogen products out of El Dorado when our project comes online. With respect to our Houston Ship Channel project, we have signed an agreement with Samsung Engineering to perform the Pre-FEED on our ammonia loop adding another large, blue-chip partner to the group of companies developing the project. We remain committed to becoming a leader in the global energy transition through the production of low carbon ammonia and downstream products over the next several years."

Market Outlook

• The outlook for nitrogen fertilizers is favorable:

- Current prices for ammonia and other nitrogen products should prove attractive to retailers and farmers

- Attractive U.S. corn futures prices are providing support for fertilizer demand for the 2024 application season

• Ammonia demand has been strong and pricing has been stable driven by:

- Robust agricultural demand in the fourth quarter of 2023 and first quarter of 2024

- Constrained ammonia imports into Europe from the Middle East due to the disruption of shipping through the Suez Canal

- Delayed startup of new production capacity

• UAN demand and pricing are expected to remain strong through much of Q2'24 reflecting:

- Tight inventories throughout much of the U.S.

- Lower import levels due to unplanned production issues

• Industrial and mining business is robust reflecting:

- Steady demand for industrial products supported by resilient U.S. economy

- Demand for AN for mining applications is steady due to attractive market fundamentals for quarrying/aggregate production and U.S. metals

Low-Carbon Ammonia Projects Summary

• Houston Ship Channel Blue Ammonia project with INPEX, Air Liquide and Vopak Exolum Houston

- Feasibility study completed during Q1'23 on a 1.1 million metric ton per year blue ammonia plant utilizing blue hydrogen provided by Air Liquide/INPEX (JV)

- Selected KBR to provide the technology licensing and proprietary engineering design for the ammonia loop portion of the plant

- Selected Samsung Engineering to perform a Pre-FEED (Front End Engineering Design) to refine the cost estimate for the ammonia loop. Pre-FEED is underway with expected completion in Q3'24

- FEED study expected to begin in Q4'24 with expected completion during Q3'25 and final investment decision in Q4'25

• El Dorado Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) Project with Lapis Energy

- Awaiting approval of Class VI permit to construct application by the EPA

- Lapis Energy, our partner, will begin construction of the CCS equipment upon approval of Class VI permit to construct

- Lapis has ordered long lead time items

- Focused on beginning operations in Q1'26

- Expect Lapis, the owner of the CCS equipment, to receive the 45Q federal tax credits for sequestered CO₂ and pay LSB a fee for each ton of CO₂ captured and permanently sequestered

• MOU with Amogy to Develop Ammonia as a Marine Fuel

- Collaborating on the evaluation and development of pilot program that would combine LSB's low-carbon ammonia and Amogy's ammonia-to-power engine solution

- Amogy to test tugboat with engine retrofitted for ammonia as a fuel during Q3'24

First Quarter Results Overview

Comparison of 2024 to 2023 quarterly periods:

• Net sales and operating income declined during the quarter driven by lower pricing for all of our products. The headwind of lower pricing was offset by higher sales volumes of all of our products. Operating profit also benefited from lower natural gas prices.

The following tables provide key sales metrics for our products:

(A) Average selling prices represent "net back" prices which are calculated as sales less freight expenses divided by product sales volume in tons.

Conference Call

LSB's management will host a conference call covering the first quarter results on Tuesday, April 30, 2024 at 10:00 am ET / 9:00 am CT to discuss these results and recent corporate developments. Participating in the call will be President & Chief Executive Officer, Mark Behrman, Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer, Cheryl Maguire and Executive Vice President & Chief Commercial Officer, Damien Renwick. Interested parties may participate in the call by dialing (877) 407-6176 / (201) 689-8451. Please call in 10 minutes before the conference is scheduled to begin and ask for the LSB conference call. To coincide with the conference call, LSB will post a slide presentation at www.lsbindustries.com on the webcast section of the Investor tab of our website.

To listen to a webcast of the call, please go to the Company's website at www.lsbindustries.com at least 15 minutes prior to the conference call to download and install any necessary audio software. If you are unable to listen live, the conference call webcast will be archived on the Company's website.

LSB Industries, Inc.

LSB Industries, Inc., headquartered in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, is committed to playing a leadership role in the energy transition through the production of low and no carbon products that build, feed and power the world. The LSB team is dedicated to building a culture of excellence in customer experiences as we currently deliver essential products across the agricultural, industrial, and mining end markets and, in the future, the energy markets. The company manufactures ammonia and ammonia-related products at facilities in Cherokee, Alabama, El Dorado, Arkansas and Pryor, Oklahoma and operates a facility for a global chemical company in Baytown, Texas. Additional information about LSB can be found on our website at www.lsbindustries.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

Statements in this release that are not historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements, which are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, may include projections of our future financial performance and anticipated performance based on our growth and other strategies and anticipated trends in our business. These statements are only predictions based on our current expectations and projections about future events. There are important factors that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or actual achievements to differ materially from the results, level of activity, performance or anticipated achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Significant risks and uncertainties may relate to, but are not limited to, business and market disruptions, market conditions and price volatility for our products and feedstocks, as well as global and regional economic downturns that adversely affect the demand for our end-use products; disruptions in production at our manufacturing facilities and other financial, economic, competitive, environmental, political, legal and regulatory factors. These and other risk factors are discussed in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all risks and uncertainties, nor can management assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, level of activity, performance or achievements. Neither we nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of any of these forward-looking statements. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Unless otherwise required by applicable laws, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether because of new information or future developments.

See Accompanying Tables

Non-GAAP Reconciliations

This news release includes certain "non-GAAP financial measures" under the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, including Regulation G. These non-GAAP measures are calculated using GAAP amounts in our consolidated financial statements.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation

EBITDA is defined as net income (loss) plus interest expense and interest income, net, less gain on extinguishment of debt, plus depreciation and amortization (D&A) (which includes D&A of property, plant and equipment and amortization of intangible and other assets), plus provision (benefit) for income taxes. Adjusted EBITDA is reported to show the impact of non-cash stock-based compensation, one time/non-cash or non-operating items-such as, one-time income or fees, loss (gain) on sale of a business and/or other property and equipment, certain fair market value (FMV) adjustments, and consulting costs associated with reliability and purchasing initiatives (Initiatives). We historically have performed turnaround activities on an annual basis; however, we have moved towards extending turnarounds to a two or three-year cycle. Rather than being capitalized and amortized over the period of benefit, our accounting policy is to recognize the costs as incurred. Given these turnarounds are essentially investments that provide benefits over multiple years, they are not reflective of our operating performance in a given year.

We believe that certain investors consider EBITDA a useful means of measuring our ability to meet our debt service obligations and evaluating our financial performance. In addition, we believe that certain investors consider adjusted EBITDA as more meaningful to further assess our performance. We believe that the inclusion of supplementary adjustments to EBITDA is appropriate to provide additional information to investors about certain items.

EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA have limitations and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for net income, operating income, cash flow from operations or other consolidated income or cash flow data prepared in accordance with GAAP. Because not all companies use identical calculations, this presentation of EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to a similarly titled measure of other companies. The following table provides a reconciliation of net income (loss) to EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated.

Ammonia, AN, Nitric Acid, UAN Sales Price Reconciliation

The following table provides a reconciliation of total identified net sales as reported under GAAP in our consolidated financial statements reconciled to netback sales which is calculated as net sales less freight and other non-netback costs. We believe this provides a relevant industry comparison among our peer group.

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