UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the quarterly period ended August 2, 2025
or
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the transition period from __________ to ___________
Commission File Number: 001-41249
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| N/A | |||||||||||
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | ||||||||||
c/o | N/A | ||||||||||
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) | ||||||||||
(408 ) 664-9329
Registrant's telephone number, including area code
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
| ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | |||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | |||||||||
| Emerging growth company | |||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
The registrant had 172,995,595 ordinary shares outstanding as of August 27, 2025.
Table of Contents
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| Item 1. | ||||||||
| Item 2. | ||||||||
| Item 3. | ||||||||
| Item 4. | ||||||||
| Item 1. | ||||||||
| Item 1A. | ||||||||
| Item 5. | ||||||||
| Item 6. | ||||||||
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Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains statements relating to our expectations, projections, beliefs, and prospects, which are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In some cases, you can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “goal,” “projects,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” "forecast," "target," “predict,” “future,” “may,” “can,” “will,” “would” or the negative of these terms or similar expressions. You should read these statements carefully because they may relate to future expectations around growth, strategy and anticipated trends in our business, contain projections of future results of operations or financial condition or state other “forward-looking” information. These statements are only predictions based on our current expectations, estimates, assumptions, and projections about future events and are applicable only as of the dates of such statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results, level of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified herein, and those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 3, 2025 and our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and other reports we file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those predicted include, but are not limited to:
•our expectations regarding our ability to address market and customer demands and to timely develop new or enhanced solutions to meet those demands;
•anticipated trends, challenges and growth in our business and the markets in which we operate, including pricing expectations;
•our expectations regarding our revenue, revenue mix, average selling prices, gross margin, and expenses;
•our expectations regarding dependence on a limited number of customers and end customers;
•our customer relationships and our ability to retain and expand our customer relationships and to achieve design wins;
•our expectations regarding the success, cost, and timing of new products;
•the size and growth potential of the markets for our solutions, and our ability to serve and expand our presence in those markets;
•our expectations regarding competition in our existing and future markets;
•the impact a pandemic, epidemic, or other outbreak of disease may in the future have on our business, results of operations and financial condition, as well as the businesses of our suppliers and customers;
•our expectations regarding regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries;
•our expectations regarding the performance of, and our relationships with, our third-party suppliers and manufacturers;
•our expectations regarding our ability to attract and retain key personnel; and
•the accuracy of our estimates regarding capital requirements and needs for additional financing.
The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q represent our views as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Except as may be required by law, we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements or the reasons that results could differ from these forward-looking statements. You should, therefore, not rely on these forward-looking statements as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee that the future results,
3
levels of activity, performance or events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or will occur.
4
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts)
| August 2, 2025 | May 3, 2025 | ||||||||||
| Assets | |||||||||||
Current assets: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Short-term investments | |||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | |||||||||||
| Inventories | |||||||||||
| Other current assets | |||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||
Right-of-use assets | |||||||||||
| Other non-current assets | |||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity | |||||||||||
Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accrued compensation and benefits | |||||||||||
| Other current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Non-current operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Other non-current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities | |||||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 7) | |||||||||||
| Shareholders' equity: | |||||||||||
Ordinary shares, $ | |||||||||||
| Additional paid in capital | |||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total shareholders' equity | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts)
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Revenue: | |||||||||||
Product sales revenue | $ | $ | |||||||||
IP license revenue | |||||||||||
| Total revenue | |||||||||||
Cost of revenue | |||||||||||
| Gross profit | |||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||
| Research and development | |||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | |||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | |||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | ( | ||||||||||
Other income, net | |||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | ( | ||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
Net income (loss) per share: | |||||||||||
Basic | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
Diluted | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
| Weighted-average shares: | |||||||||||
Basic | |||||||||||
Diluted | |||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(unaudited, in thousands)
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
Other comprehensive gain (loss): | |||||||||||
Foreign currency translation gain | |||||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
(unaudited, in thousands)
| Ordinary Shares | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Accumulated Deficit | Total Shareholders’ Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at May 3, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ordinary shares issued under equity incentive plans | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax withheld related to RSU settlement | ( | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive income | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at August 2, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at Balances at April 27, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ordinary shares issued under equity incentive plans | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax withheld related to RSU settlement | ( | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warrant contra revenue | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive loss | — | — | — | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at August 3, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(unaudited, in thousands)
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | ||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||
| Share-based compensation | |||||||||||
| Warrant contra revenue | |||||||||||
Write-downs (releases) for excess and obsolete inventory | ( | ||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Inventories | ( | ( | |||||||||
Other current assets | ( | ||||||||||
| Other non-current assets | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | ( | ||||||||||
Accrued compensation and benefits, other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | ( | ||||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Maturities of short-term investments | |||||||||||
| Purchases of short-term investments | ( | ( | |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | ( | ||||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Payments on technology license obligations | ( | ( | |||||||||
Proceeds from employee share incentive plans | |||||||||||
Tax withheld related to RSU settlement | ( | ( | |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | ( | ||||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | ( | ||||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental cash flow information: | |||||||||||
Purchases of property and equipment included in accounts payable, other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd was formed as an exempted company under the laws of the Cayman Islands in September 2014. Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd directly owns Credo Technology Group Ltd., which owns, directly and indirectly, all of the shares of its subsidiaries in mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore and the United States (U.S.). References to the “Company” in these notes refer to Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, unless otherwise specified.
The Company’s mission is to redefine high-speed connectivity by delivering breakthrough solutions that enable the next generation of AI-driven applications. The Company is committed to enabling faster, more reliable, more energy-efficient, and scalable solutions that support the ever-expanding demands of AI, cloud computing, and hyperscale networks. The Company’s connectivity solutions are optimized for optical and electrical Ethernet applications, including the 100G, 200G, 400G, 800G and emerging 1.6T markets. The Company’s products are based on its Serializer/Deserializer (SerDes) and Digital Signal Processor (DSP) technologies. The Company’s product families include integrated circuits (ICs), Active Electrical Cables (AECs) and SerDes Chiplets. The Company’s intellectual property (IP) solutions consist primarily of SerDes IP licensing.
Basis of Presentation
The Company’s fiscal year is a 52- or 53-week period ending on the Saturday closest to April 30. Its fiscal year ending May 2, 2026 (fiscal year 2026) is a 52-week fiscal year. The first quarter of fiscal year 2026 ended on August 2, 2025, the second quarter ends on November 2, 2025, and the third quarter ends on January 31, 2026.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
The Company believes that other than the accounting policies as described below, there have been no significant changes to the items disclosed in Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies,” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 3, 2025.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.
The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience, knowledge of current conditions and beliefs of what could occur in the future, given the available information. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, write-down for excess and obsolete inventories, the standalone selling price for each distinct performance obligation included in customer contracts with multiple performance obligations, variable consideration from revenue contracts, the realization of tax assets and estimates of tax reserves, and impairment of long-lived assets. Actual results may differ from those estimates and such differences may be material to the financial statements. In the current macroeconomic environment, these estimates require increased judgment and carry a higher degree of variability and volatility. As events continue to evolve and additional information becomes available, these estimates may change materially in future periods.
Reclassifications
Certain prior period balances were reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation. None of these reclassifications had an impact on reported net income or cash flows for any of the periods presented.
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Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires disclosure of disaggregated income taxes paid, prescribes standard categories for the components of the effective tax rate reconciliation, and modifies other income tax-related disclosures. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and may be applied on a retrospective or prospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income— Expense Disaggregation Disclosures, which requires disclosure of, in interim and annual reporting periods, additional information about certain expenses in the financial statements. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027 and may be applied on a retrospective or prospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326)-Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets, providing all entities with a practical expedient when estimating expected credit losses for current accounts receivable and current contract assets arising from transactions accounted for under Topic 606. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of electing the practical expedient and the impact it may have on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
3. Concentrations
Financial instruments that subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. Cash is placed in major financial institutions around the world. The Company’s cash deposits exceed insured limits. Short-term investments are subject to counterparty risk up to the amount presented on the balance sheet.
Historically, a relatively small number of customers have accounted for a significant portion of the Company’s revenue. The particular customers which account for revenue concentration have varied from period-to-period as a result of the addition of new contracts, completion of existing contracts, and the volumes and prices at which the customers have recently bought the Company’s products. These variations are expected to continue in the foreseeable future.
The following tables summarize the accounts receivable and revenue as a percentage of total accounts receivable and total revenue, respectively, for the Company’s most significant customers. In the tables below, customers are defined as the contracting entities who place purchase orders or enter into revenue contracts with the Company:
| Accounts Receivable | August 2, 2025 | May 3, 2025 | |||||||||
| Customer A | % | % | |||||||||
| Customer B | % | * | |||||||||
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| Revenue | August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | |||||||||
| Customer A | % | % | |||||||||
| Customer B | % | * | |||||||||
* Less than 10% of total accounts receivable or total revenue.
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Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
4. Revenue Recognition
The following table summarizes revenue disaggregated by primary geographical market based on destination of shipment for product sales revenue and location of contracting entity for IP license revenue, which may differ from the customer’s principal offices (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Hong Kong | $ | $ | |||||||||
| United States | |||||||||||
| Mainland China | |||||||||||
| Rest of World | |||||||||||
| $ | $ | ||||||||||
Contract Balances
The contract assets are primarily related to the Company’s fixed-fee IP licensing arrangements and rights to consideration for performance obligations delivered but not billed as of August 2, 2025 and May 3, 2025.
Contract assets are presented within the “Other current assets” caption on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company had a contract asset balance of $10.8 million as of August 2, 2025, compared to $9.9 million as of May 3, 2025. The increase in contract assets of $0.9 million was primarily driven by IP license revenue where certain billing milestones were not met prior to the timing of revenue recognition.
Deferred revenue is presented within the “Other current liabilities” and “Other non-current liabilities” captions on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company had a deferred revenue balance of $3.1 million as of August 2, 2025, compared to $1.5 million as of May 3, 2025. The increase in deferred revenue of $1.6 million was primarily due to an advance received from a customer.
During the three months ended August 2, 2025, the Company recognized $0.4 million of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of May 3, 2025. During the three months ended August 3, 2024, the Company recognized $1.3 million of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of April 27, 2024.
Remaining Performance Obligations
Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations represents the transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied, or partially unsatisfied, which includes unearned revenue and amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. The contracted but unsatisfied performance obligation was approximately $3.4 million and the satisfied but unrecognized performance obligation was approximately $0.7 million as of August 2, 2025 which the Company expects to recognize over the next 12 months. The Company applied a performance constraint on the satisfied but unrecognized performance obligation due to uncertainty around the collectability of milestone payments.
Customer Warrant
5. Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is an exit price representing the amount that would be received in the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the accounting guidance establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:
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Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Level 1 - Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2 - Other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity.
The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.
The Company measures the fair value of money market funds using Level 1 inputs. The Company’s certificates of deposit are classified as held-to-maturity securities as the Company intends to hold until their maturity dates. The certificates of deposit are valued using Level 2 inputs. Pricing sources may include industry standard data providers, security master files from large financial institutions, and other third-party sources used to determine a daily market value.
The following tables present the fair value of the financial instruments measured on a recurring basis, or measured at amortized cost which approximates fair value, as of August 2, 2025 and May 3, 2025 (in thousands).
| August 2, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Money market funds | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cash equivalents and short-term investments | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| May 3, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cash equivalents and short-term investments | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The carrying amount of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate their respective fair values because of their short maturities. As of August 2, 2025 and May 3, 2025, there were no unrealized losses or gains associated with the Company’s financial instruments. The interest income recognized for the three months ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024 was $4.3 million and $5.8 million, respectively.
6. Supplemental Financial Information
Inventories
Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):
| August 2, 2025 | May 3, 2025 | ||||||||||
| Raw materials | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Work in process | |||||||||||
| Finished goods | |||||||||||
| $ | $ | ||||||||||
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Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):
| August 2, 2025 | May 3, 2025 | ||||||||||
| Production equipment | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Computer equipment and software | |||||||||||
| Laboratory equipment | |||||||||||
| Leasehold improvements | |||||||||||
| Others | |||||||||||
| Construction in progress | |||||||||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization | ( | ( | |||||||||
| $ | $ | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization expense was $5.5 million for the three months ended August 2, 2025, and $4.2 million for the three months ended August 3, 2024. Computer equipment and software primarily includes technology licenses for computer-aided design tools relating to the Company’s R&D design of future products and intellectual properties. Production equipment and construction in progress primarily include mask set costs capitalized relating to the Company’s products already introduced or to be introduced.
Other Current Liabilities
Other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):
| August 2, 2025 | May 3, 2025 | ||||||||||
| Accrued expenses | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accruals relating to inventory purchases | |||||||||||
| Current payables relating to purchases of property and equipment | |||||||||||
Others | |||||||||||
| $ | $ | ||||||||||
Other Non-current Liabilities
Other non-current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):
| August 2, 2025 | May 3, 2025 | ||||||||||
| Non-current payables relating to purchases of property and equipment | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Other non-current liabilities | |||||||||||
| $ | $ | ||||||||||
7. Commitments and Contingencies
Non-cancelable Purchase Obligations
Total future non-cancelable purchase obligations as of August 2, 2025 are as follows (in thousands):
| Fiscal Year | Purchase Commitments to Manufacturing Vendors | Technology License Fees | Total | ||||||||||||||
| Remainder of 2026 | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| 2027 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2029 | |||||||||||||||||
| Total unconditional purchase commitments | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
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Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Technology license fees include the liabilities under agreements for technology licenses between the Company and various vendors.
Under the Company’s manufacturing relationships with its foundry partners, cancellation of outstanding purchase orders is allowed but requires payment of all costs and expenses incurred through the date of cancellation.
As of August 2, 2025, the total value of non-cancelable purchase orders payable within the next one year that were committed with the Company’s third-party subcontractors was approximately $28.1 million. Such purchase commitments are included in the preceding table.
The Company entered into a manufacturing supply capacity reservation agreement with an assembly subcontractor in fiscal year 2023. Under this arrangement, the Company has paid refundable deposits to the supplier in exchange for reserved manufacturing production capacity over the term of the agreement, which approximates five years . In addition, the Company committed to certain purchase levels that were in line with the capacity reserved. If the Company does not meet the purchase level commitment, the agreement requires the Company to pay a fee equal to the difference between the actual purchase and the purchase commitment, up to the value of refundable deposits made. The Company currently estimates that it has made purchase level commitments of at least $15.5 million for the remainder of fiscal year 2026 through fiscal year 2029 under the capacity reservation agreement. Such purchase commitments are included in the preceding table. In addition, the Company had refundable deposits of $7.9 million of which $2.6 million was recorded in other current assets and $5.3 million was recorded in other non-current assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.
Warranty Obligations
The Company’s products generally carry a standard one-year warranty. The Company’s warranty expense was not material in the periods presented.
Indemnifications
In the ordinary course of business, the Company has entered into agreements that contain certain indemnification obligations of varying scope and terms to customers, vendors, lessors, investors, directors, officers, employees and other parties with respect to certain matters, including, but not limited to, certain losses arising out of the Company’s breach of such agreements, services to be provided by the Company or from intellectual property infringement claims made by third parties. These indemnification obligations may survive termination of the underlying agreement and the maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification provisions may not be subject to maximum loss limitations. The Company has not incurred material costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification obligations. Accordingly, the Company had no liabilities recorded for these agreements as of August 2, 2025 and May 3, 2025.
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, the Company may be a party to various litigation claims in the ordinary course of business. Legal fees and other costs associated with such actions are expensed as incurred. The Company assesses, in conjunction with legal counsel, the need to record a liability for litigation and contingencies. Accrual estimates are recorded when and if it is determined that such a liability for litigation and contingencies are both probable and reasonably estimable. As of the date of issuance of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company was not subject to any material litigation. No accruals for loss contingencies or recognition of actual losses have been recorded in any of the periods presented.
8. Leases
The Company leases office space, in the United States and internationally, under operating leases. The Company’s leases have remaining lease terms generally between one year and six years . Operating leases are included in right-of-use assets, other current liabilities, and non-current operating lease liabilities on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company does not have any finance leases.
15
Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Lease expense and supplemental cash flow information are as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Operating lease expenses | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligation | $ | $ | |||||||||
The aggregate future lease payments for operating leases as of August 2, 2025 are as follows (in thousands):
| Fiscal Year | Operating Leases | ||||
| 2026 | $ | ||||
| 2027 | |||||
| 2028 | |||||
| 2029 | |||||
| 2030 | |||||
| Thereafter | |||||
| Total lease payments | |||||
| Less: Interest | ( | ||||
| Present value of lease liabilities | $ | ||||
As of August 2, 2025, the weighted-average remaining lease term for the Company's operating leases was 4.8 years and the weighted-average discount rate used to determine the present value of the Company's operating leases was 6.4 %.
9. Share Incentive Plan
Restricted Stock Unit (RSU) Awards
A summary of information related to RSU activity during the three months ended August 2, 2025 is as follows:
| RSUs Outstanding | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of Shares (in millions) | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of May 3, 2025 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Granted | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vested | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Canceled/ forfeited | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances and expected to vest as of August 2, 2025 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Performance-based Restricted Stock Unit (PSU) Awards
A summary of information related to PSU activity during the three months ended August 2, 2025 is as follows:
PSUs Outstanding | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of Shares (in millions) | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of May 3, 2025 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Granted | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances and expected to vest as of August 2, 2025 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
16
Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Share Option Awards
A summary of information related to share option activity during the three months ended August 2, 2025 is as follows:
| Options Outstanding | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding Share Options (in millions) | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of May 3, 2025 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Options vested and exercised | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance and expected to vest as of August 2, 2025 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercisable as of August 2, 2025 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP)
The Company issued 0.1 million shares during the three months ended August 2, 2025 and 0.1 million shares during the three months ended August 3, 2024, under the ESPP.
Summary of Share-based Compensation Expense
The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense included in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Research and development | |||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | |||||||||||
| $ | $ | ||||||||||
10. Income Taxes
The Company’s tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of its annual effective tax rate, excluding zero rate jurisdictions, and adjusted for discrete items, if any, that arise during the period. Each quarter, the Company updates its estimate of the annual effective tax rate, and if the estimated annual effective tax rate changes, the Company makes a cumulative adjustment in such period. The Company’s quarterly tax provision, and estimate of its annual effective tax rate, is subject to variation due to several factors, including variability in accurately predicting its pre-tax income or loss and the mix of jurisdictions to which they relate, intercompany transactions, changes in tax laws, the applicability of special tax regimes, changes in how we do business, and discrete items.
Provision for income taxes for the three months ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024 was as follows (in thousands except percentages):
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | % Change | |||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | $ | $ | % | ||||||||||||||
| Effective tax rate | % | ( | % | % | |||||||||||||
The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended August 2, 2025 differs from the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to the Company generating consolidated net income in the three months ended August 2, 2025 as compared to a consolidated net loss in the same period in fiscal year 2025.
During the three months ended August 2, 2025, there were no material changes to the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits and the Company does not expect any significant changes in the next 12 months.
17
Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
On July 4, 2025, the United States enacted the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”), which changes or makes permanent certain tax laws for corporations. Currently, the Company does not expect the provisions of the OBBBA to have a material impact on its effective tax rate or total provision for income taxes.
11. Net Income (Loss) Per Share
The Company reports both basic net income (loss) per share, which is based on the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period, and diluted net income (loss) per share, which is based on the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding and potentially dilutive shares outstanding during the period. Net income (loss) per share for the three months ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024, respectively, was determined as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Numerator: | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
| Denominator: | |||||||||||
Weighted-average shares outstanding used in basic calculation | |||||||||||
Effect of dilutive shares | |||||||||||
Share-based compensation awards | |||||||||||
Customer Warrant | |||||||||||
Weighted-average shares outstanding attributable to ordinary shareholders | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) per share: | |||||||||||
Basic | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
Diluted | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
Potential dilutive securities include dilutive ordinary shares from share-based awards attributable to the assumed exercise of share options, restricted share units and employee stock purchase plan shares using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, potential ordinary shares outstanding are not included in the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share if their effect is anti-dilutive. The following potentially dilutive securities outstanding (in thousands) have been excluded from the computations of diluted weighted average shares outstanding for the three months ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Share-based compensation awards | |||||||||||
Customer Warrant | |||||||||||
18
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto and management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for the fiscal year ended May 3, 2025 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 3, 2025. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties as described under the heading “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Overview
At Credo, our mission is to redefine high-speed connectivity by delivering breakthrough solutions that enable the next generation of AI-driven applications. We are committed to enabling faster, more reliable, more energy-efficient, and scalable solutions that support the ever-expanding demands of AI, cloud computing and hyperscale networks. Our connectivity solutions are optimized for optical and electrical Ethernet and PCIE applications, including the 100G (or Gigabits per second), 200G, 400G, 800G and emerging 1.6T (or Terabits per second) Ethernet markets and the 32G PCIe5 and upcoming 64G PCIe6 markets. Our products are based on our Serializer/Deserializer (SerDes) and Digital Signal Processor (DSP) technologies. Our product families include integrated circuits (ICs), Active Electrical Cables (AECs) and SerDes Chiplets. Our intellectual property (IP) solutions consist primarily of SerDes IP licensing.
Data generation has increased dramatically over the past ten years, creating new and complicated challenges in both circuit and system design. Our proprietary SerDes and DSP technologies enable us to achieve similar performance to leading competitors’ products but at a lower cost and more highly available legacy node (n-1 advantage). Beyond power and performance, Credo continues to innovate to address customers’ system level requirements. We partner with Microsoft on our HiWire Switch AEC and open-source implementation that helps realize Microsoft’s vision for a highly reliable network-managed dual-Top-of-Rack (ToR) architecture (a network architecture design in which computing equipment located within the same or an adjacent rack are, for redundancy, connected to two in-rack network switches, which are, in turn, connected to aggregation switches via fiber optic cables), overcome complex and slow legacy enterprise approaches, simplify deployment and improve connection reliability in the data center.
The multibillion-dollar data infrastructure market that we serve is driven largely by hyperscale data centers (hyperscalers), as well as general compute, AI/ML infrastructure, multi-service operators (MSOs) and mobile network operators (MNOs). The demands for increased bandwidth, improved power and cost efficiency and heightened security have simultaneously and dramatically expanded as work, education and entertainment have rapidly digitized across myriad endpoint users.
We design, market and sell product, software and IP solutions. We help define industry conventions and standards within the markets we target by collaborating with technology leaders and standards bodies. We contract with a variety of manufacturing partners to build our products based on our proprietary SerDes and DSP technologies. We develop standard solutions we can sell broadly to our end markets and also develop tailored solutions designed to address specific customer needs. Once developed, these tailored solutions can generally be broadly leveraged across our portfolio and we are able to sell the part or license the IP to the broader market.
During the three months ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024, we generated $223.1 million and $59.7 million in total revenue, respectively. Product sales revenue comprised 97.3% and 96.0% of our total revenue in the three months ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024, respectively, and IP license revenue represented 2.7% and 4.0% of our total revenue in the three months ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024, respectively. Geographically, 37% and 18% of our total revenue in the three months ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024, respectively, was generated from customers in North America, and 63% and 82% of our total revenue in the three months ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024, respectively, was generated from customers in the rest of the world, primarily in Asia. During the three months ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024, we generated $63.4 million in net income and $9.5 million in net loss, respectively.
We derive the substantial majority of our revenue from a limited number of customers. We anticipate we will continue to derive a significant portion of our revenue from a limited number of customers for the foreseeable future. We expect that as our products are more widely adopted and as our number of customers increase, customer concentration will decrease.
19
We sell our products to hyperscalers, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), original design manufacturers (ODMs) and optical module manufacturers, as well as to companies in the enterprise and HPC markets. We work closely and have engagements with industry-leading companies across these segments. A relatively small number customers have historically accounted for and continue to account for a significant portion of our revenue. We report revenue by customer in our financial statement disclosure based on the contracting parties who place purchase orders or sign revenue contracts with us. See Note 3 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. However, certain of our end customers have their contract manufacturing partners place orders with us. As a result, the contract manufacturers, rather than the end customers, are reported as our customers for financial reporting purposes. As a supplement to our financial statement footnote disclosure, and to provide further insight into our end customer concentration, the following table summarizes our revenue by customer as a percentage of total revenue based on end customer profile, rather than based on the contracting parties who place purchase orders or sign revenue contracts with us:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| Revenue | August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | |||||||||
| Customer B | 35 | % | * | ||||||||
| Customer C | 33 | % | 52 | % | |||||||
| Customer D | 20 | % | 10 | % | |||||||
* Less than 10% of total revenue.
Our Business Model
We are a product-focused business with a strong foundation in IP, pioneering comprehensive connectivity solutions that deliver bandwidth, scalability and end-to-end signal integrity for next-generation platforms. We also develop IP solutions to address the specific and complex needs of our customers. We earn revenue from these IP solutions primarily through licensing fees and royalties. Over time, we expect to generate an increased proportion of our revenue from sales of our products. We expect to see a long-term benefit from improvements in our operating leverage as our business continues to gain scale.
We utilize a fabless business model, working with a network of third parties to manufacture, assemble and test our connectivity products. This approach allows us to focus our engineering and design resources on our core competencies and to control our fixed costs and capital expenditures.
We employ a two-pronged sales strategy targeting both the end users of our products, as well as the suppliers of our end users. By engaging directly with the end user, we are able to better understand the needs of our customers and cater our solutions to their most pressing connectivity requirements.
This strategy has enabled us to become the preferred vendor to a number of our customers who, in turn, in some cases, require their suppliers, OEMs, ODMs and optical module manufacturers to utilize our solutions.
20
Results of Operations
Three Months Ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024
The following table sets forth information derived from our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations expressed as a percentage of total revenue:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Revenue: | |||||||||||
Product sales revenue | 97.3 | % | 96.0 | % | |||||||
IP license revenue | 2.7 | % | 4.0 | % | |||||||
| Total revenue | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||||
Cost of revenue | 32.6 | % | 37.6 | % | |||||||
| Gross margin | 67.4 | % | 62.4 | % | |||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||
| Research and development | 23.5 | % | 50.9 | % | |||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 16.7 | % | 35.7 | % | |||||||
| Total operating expenses | 40.2 | % | 86.6 | % | |||||||
Operating income (loss) | 27.2 | % | (24.2) | % | |||||||
Other income, net | 1.8 | % | 9.4 | % | |||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 29.0 | % | (14.9) | % | |||||||
Provision for income taxes | 0.6 | % | 1.0 | % | |||||||
Net income (loss) | 28.4 | % | (16.0) | % | |||||||
Comparison of Three Months Ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024
Revenue
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | % Change | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except percentages) | |||||||||||||||||
Product sales revenue | $ | 217,059 | $ | 57,325 | 278.6 | % | |||||||||||
IP license revenue | 6,015 | 2,389 | 151.8 | % | |||||||||||||
| Total revenue | $ | 223,074 | $ | 59,714 | 273.6 | % | |||||||||||
Total revenue for the three months ended August 2, 2025 increased by $163.4 million, compared to the same period in fiscal year 2025, primarily due to an increase in product sales revenue of $159.7 million.
The increase in product sales revenue for the three months ended August 2, 2025, compared to the same period in fiscal year 2025, was primarily due to a significant increase in the volume of unit shipments of AEC products which contributed over 95% of the increase in product sales revenue. The AEC sales increase was primarily driven by the ramp-up of our AEC solutions at two of our hyperscale data center customers during the three months ended August 2, 2025.
The increase in IP license revenue for the three months ended August 2, 2025, compared to the same period in fiscal year 2025, was primarily due to sales of IP licenses to a new customer.
Cost of Revenue
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | % Change | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except percentages) | |||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue | $ | 72,706 | $ | 22,431 | 224.1 | % | |||||||||||
21
Cost of revenue for the three months ended August 2, 2025 increased by $50.3 million, compared to the same period in fiscal year 2025, primarily due to increased shipments of AEC products noted above. The cost of IP license revenue was not material in the periods presented.
Gross Profit and Gross Margin
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | % Change | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except percentages) | |||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | $ | 150,368 | $ | 37,283 | 303.3 | % | |||||||||||
| Gross margin | 67.4 | % | 62.4 | % | 5.0 | % | |||||||||||
Gross margin in the three months ended August 2, 2025 increased by 5.0 percentage points compared to the same period in fiscal year 2025, primarily driven by the improved economies of scale in our product sales.
Research and Development
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | % Change | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except percentages) | |||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | $ | 52,448 | $ | 30,409 | 72.5 | % | |||||||||||
| % of total revenue | 23.5 | % | 50.9 | % | (27.4) | % | |||||||||||
Research and development expense for the three months ended August 2, 2025 increased by $22.0 million compared to the same period in fiscal year 2025. The increase was due primarily to a $10.1 million increase in share-based compensation expense driven by increased amortization expense from new equity awards granted to employees, a $3.5 million increase in personnel costs as a result of new hires for product development and a $6.8 million increase in higher engineering activities relating to testing and laboratory supplies for new product development.
Selling, General and Administrative
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | % Change | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except percentages) | |||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | $ | 37,178 | $ | 21,325 | 74.3 | % | |||||||||||
| % of total revenue | 16.7 | % | 35.7 | % | (19.0) | % | |||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended August 2, 2025 increased by $15.9 million compared to the same period in fiscal year 2025. The increase was primarily due to a $8.8 million increase in share-based compensation expense driven by increased amortization expense from new equity awards granted to employees, $2.9 million increase in personnel costs as a result of higher selling, general and administrative headcount, and a $3.1 million increase in external consultation fees relating to general and administrative expenses.
Provision for Income Taxes
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | % Change | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except percentages) | |||||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | $ | 1,289 | $ | 622 | 107.2 | % | |||||||||||
| % of total revenue | 0.6 | % | 1.0 | % | (0.4) | % | |||||||||||
22
Provision for income taxes for the three months ended August 2, 2025 increased by $0.7 million, compared to the same period in fiscal year 2025. The increase was primarily driven by higher pre-tax income generated in tax-paying jurisdictions in the three months ended August 2, 2025 as compared to the same period in fiscal year 2025.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our activities consist primarily of selling our products, licensing our IP, providing product services, and conducting research and development of our products and technology. As of August 2, 2025 and May 3, 2025, we had $219.6 million and $236.3 million in cash and cash equivalents, respectively, and working capital of $695.2 million and $605.8 million, respectively. Our principal use of cash is to fund our operations and invest in research and development to support our growth. See Note 7 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a further discussion of our cash requirements under non-cancelable purchase obligations.
We believe our existing cash and cash equivalents and other components of working capital will be sufficient to meet our needs for at least the next 12 months and in the longer term. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our growth rate, the timing and extent of our sales and marketing and research and development expenditures, customer demand and the continuing market acceptance of our solutions. In the event that we need to borrow funds or issue additional equity, we cannot be assured that any such additional financing will be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital when we need it, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be adversely affected.
The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated.
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 2, 2025 | August 3, 2024 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | 54,168 | $ | (7,236) | |||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | $ | (67,821) | $ | 42,482 | |||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | $ | (2,970) | $ | 1,604 | |||||||
Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities was $54.2 million for the three months ended August 2, 2025. The cash inflows from operating activities for the three months ended August 2, 2025 were primarily due to net income of $63.4 million adjusted for the following non-cash items: share-based compensation expense of $35.5 million, depreciation and amortization of $5.5 million and other non-cash items of $2.0 million. This was offset by $49.2 million of cash outflows from working capital for the three months ended August 2, 2025, which was primarily driven by (a) an increase in accounts receivable of $19.1 million primarily due to increased sales in the three months ended August 2, 2025 compared to three months ended August 3, 2024; (b) an increase in inventory of $27.5 million to support unfulfilled backlog and related new product ramps and (c) an increase in accounts payable of $9.0 million due to timing of payment for purchases of property and equipment.
Net cash used in operating activities was $7.2 million for the three months ended August 3, 2024. The cash outflows from operating activities for the three months ended August 3, 2024 were primarily due to $21.5 million of cash outflows and $9.5 million in net loss, partially offset by $23.8 million of non-cash items. The cash outflows from working capital for the three months ended August 3, 2024 were primarily driven by (a) an increase in accounts receivable of $12.2 million primarily due to large billings from customers not due yet in the three months ended August 3, 2024; (b) an increase in inventory of $5.4 million to support unfulfilled backlog and related new product ramps; (c) a decrease in accrued expenses, compensation and other liabilities of $3.7 million due to ESPP purchase and final billing payment made for one of our technology license obligations and (d) an increase in contract assets of $2.8 million due to certain product engineering services and IP licensing arrangements where certain billing milestones were not met prior to the timing of revenue recognition. These cash outflows were offset by cash inflows relating to an increase in accounts payable of $5.8 million due to amounts payable relating to increased external consultation fees associated with general and administrative and outside research & development services.
Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities
23
Net cash used in investing activities of $67.8 million in the three months ended August 2, 2025 was primarily attributable to purchases of certificates of deposit for $115.0 million and purchases of property and equipment of $2.8 million, offset by maturities of certificates of deposit for $50.0 million. Purchases of property and equipment primarily related to third-party IP licenses and computer equipment and software used for research and development purposes.
Net cash provided by investing activities of $42.5 million in the three months ended August 3, 2024 was primarily attributable to maturities of certificates of deposit for $162.1 million, offset by purchases of the same for $113.7 million and purchases of property and equipment of $5.9 million. Purchases of property and equipment primarily related to third-party IP licenses and computer equipment and software used for research and development purposes.
Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities of $3.0 million for the three months ended August 2, 2025 was primarily attributable to $3.9 million in payments for long-term technology license obligations, offset by $0.9 million in proceeds from exercises of employee share options and the issuance of shares under the ESPP net of tax withheld for RSU settlement.
Net cash provided by financing activities of $1.6 million for the three months ended August 3, 2024 was primarily attributable to $2.4 million in proceeds from exercises of employee share options and issuances of shares under the ESPP net of tax withheld for RSU settlement, offset by $0.8 million in payments for long-term technology license obligations.
Critical Accounting Estimates
There have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates during the three months ended August 2, 2025, as compared to those disclosed under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 3, 2025. In the current macroeconomic environment, our estimates could require increased judgment and carry a higher degree of variability and volatility. We continue to monitor and assess our estimates in light of developments, and as events continue to evolve and additional information becomes available, our estimates may change materially in future periods.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
For a discussion of market risks, refer to Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 3, 2025. During the three months ended August 2, 2025, there were no material changes or developments that would materially alter the market risk assessment performed as of May 3, 2025.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act)), that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our “internal control over financial reporting,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, that occurred during the quarter ended August 2, 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls
24
Our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal controls will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within Credo have been detected.
25
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
From time to time, we are involved in various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. We are not presently a party to any litigation the outcome of which, we believe, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on us. The results of any current or future litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, and regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Our operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including those described in Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 3, 2025, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and the trading price of our ordinary shares. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q there have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 3, 2025.
Item 5. Other Information.
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans
On June 19, 2025 , Daniel Fleming , our Chief Financial Officer , adopted a Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan , intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) of the Exchange Act, pursuant to which a maximum amount of 105,000 of our ordinary shares held directly by Mr. Fleming may be sold between October 8, 2025 and September 30, 2026. The plan terminates on the earlier of: (i) September 30, 2026 , (ii) the first date on which all trades set forth in the plan have been executed or (iii) such date as the plan is otherwise terminated according to its terms.
On July 2, 2025 , Yat Tung (Job) Lam , our Chief Operating Officer and a member of our board of directors, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan ("the Plan"), intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) of the Exchange Act, pursuant to which a maximum amount of: (i) 600,000 of our ordinary shares held by Zhan (BVI) Co Ltd may be sold between October 1, 2025 and October 8, 2026 and (ii) 30,000 of our ordinary shares held by the Evelyn Job and April Foundation may be sold between October 15, 2025 and October 8, 2026. The Plan terminates on the earlier of: (i) October 8, 2026 , (ii) the first date on which all trades set forth in the Plan have been executed or (iii) such date as the Plan is otherwise terminated according to its terms. Mr. Lam and his spouse share voting and investment power over the shares held by each of Zhan (BVI) Co Ltd and the Evelyn Job and April Foundation, which is a tax-exempt 501(c)(3) charitable institution.
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Item 6. Exhibits.
| Incorporated by Reference | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exhibit Number | Exhibit Description | Form | File No. | Exhibit No. | Filing Date | Provided Herewith | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 31.1 | * | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 31.2 | * | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 32.1 | ** | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 32.2 | ** | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.INS | * | Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.SCH | * | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.CAL | * | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.DEF | * | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.LAB | * | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.PRE | * | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
*Filed herewith
**Furnished herewith
**Furnished herewith
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| CREDO TECHNOLOGY GROUP HOLDING LTD | |||||||||||
Date: September 4, 2025 | By: | /s/ William Brennan | |||||||||
| Name: | William Brennan | ||||||||||
| Title: | President and Chief Executive Officer | ||||||||||
Date: September 4, 2025 | By: | /s/ Daniel Fleming | |||||||||
| Name: | Daniel Fleming | ||||||||||
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer | ||||||||||
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