UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2023

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _______ TO ___________

COMMISSION FILE NO.: 000-55993

NOCERA, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)

Nevada		16-1626611
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)		(IRS Employer Identification No.)

3F (Building B), No. 185, Sec. 1, Datong Rd., Xizhi Dist., New Taipei City 221, Taiwan (R.O.C.)

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

(886)-910-163-358

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share	NCRA	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “small reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐		Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☒		Smaller reporting company ☒
		Emerging growth company ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

There were 9,693,587 shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, as of May 11, 2023.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	4

ITEM 1.	INTERIM UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS	4
	INTERIM UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS	4
	INTERIM UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS	5
	INTERIM UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS	6
	INTERIM UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	7
	NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)	8
ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS	23
ITEM 3.	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK	37
ITEM 4.	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES	37

PART II	OTHER INFORMATION	38

ITEM 1.	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS	39
ITEM 1A.	RISK FACTORS	39
ITEM 2	UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS	39
ITEM 3	DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES	39
ITEM 4	MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES	39
ITEM 5	OTHER INFORMATION	39
ITEM 6	EXHIBITS	40

SIGNATURES		41

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements discuss matters that are not historical facts. Because they discuss future events or conditions, forward-looking statements may include words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “intend,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “may,” “seek,” “plan,” “might,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “predict,” “project,” “forecast,” “potential,” and “continue” or the negatives thereof or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, are based on various underlying assumptions and current expectations about the future and are not guarantees of future performance. Such statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievement to be materially different from the results of operations or plans expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. You are cautioned to not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of their dates.

We cannot predict all the risks and uncertainties that may impact our business, financial condition or results of operations. Accordingly, the forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should not be regarded as representations that the results or conditions described in such statements will occur or that our objectives and plans will be achieved, and we do not assume any responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of any of these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are found at various places throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and include information concerning possible or projected future results of our operations, including statements about potential acquisition or merger targets, strategies or plans; business strategies; prospects; future cash flows; financing plans; plans and objectives of management; any other statements regarding future acquisitions, future cash needs, future operations, business plans and future financial results; and any other statements that are not historical facts.

These forward-looking statements represent our intentions, plans, expectations, assumptions and beliefs about future events and are subject to a variety of factors and risks, including, but not limited to, those set forth under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 31, 2023.

Many of those risks and factors are outside of our control and could cause actual results to differ materially from the results expressed or implied by those forward-looking statements. Considering these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the events described in the forward-looking statements might not occur or might occur to a different extent or at a different time than we have described. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements concerning other matters addressed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and attributable to us or any person acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Except to the extent required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, a change in events, conditions, circumstances or assumptions underlying such statements, or otherwise.

PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOCERA, INC.

INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Stated in US Dollars except for Number of Shares)


	March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)			(Audited)

ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,460,504		$	2,906,074
Accounts receivable, net		206,784			209,777
Inventories, net		91,329			91,781
Advance to suppliers		1,732			1,732
Prepaid expenses and other assets, net		7,419			27,470
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss		200,951			–
Total current assets		1,968,719			3,236,834
Deferred tax assets, net		22,934			22,703
Property and equipment, net		1,686,444			844,613
Intangible assets - customer relations		126,358			130,434
Goodwill		3,905,735			3,905,735
Other non-current asset		4,770			–
Total assets		7,714,960			8,140,319
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Accounts payable		2,482			2,631
Other payables and accrued liabilities		33,352			38,388
Advance receipts		10,700			42,880
Due to related parties		19,249			18,919
Warrant liability		1,179,768			1,179,768
Long-term secured other borrowing – current portion		217,105			214,913
Dividend payable		22,312			22,312
Income tax payable		1,932			1,920
Bank borrowing		–			–
Total current liabilities		1,486,900			1,521,731
Deferred tax liabilities, net		–			–
Long-term secured other borrowing		400,459			436,341
Total liabilities		1,887,359			1,958,072
Commitments and contingencies		–			–
Equity
Common stock ($0.001 par value; authorized 200,000,000 shares; 9,693,587 shares and 9,243,587 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively) ⁽¹⁾		9,693			9,243
Preferred stock ($0.001 par value; authorized 10,000,000 shares; Series A Preferred Stock, 2,000,000 authorized, 80,000 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively)		80			80
Additional paid-in capital ⁽¹⁾		21,108,323			20,484,518
Statutory and other reserves		191,219			191,219
(Accumulated losses) retained earnings		(15,735,109	)		(14,747,461	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		127,221			103,594
Total Nocera, Inc.’s stockholders’ equity		5,701,427			6,041,193
Non-controlling interests		126,174			141,054
Total equity		5,827,601			6,182,247
Total liabilities and equity	$	7,714,960		$	8,140,319

See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements which are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

NOCERA, INC.

INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Stated in US Dollars except for Number of Shares)

(UNAUDITED)


	Three months ended March 31,
	2023			2022
	$			$
Net sales		3,837,863			2,919,045
Cost of sales		(3,769,207	)		(2,863,803	)
Gross profit		68,656			55,242

Operating expenses
General and administrative expenses		(1,059,337	)		(860,953	)
Total operating expenses		(1,059,337	)		(860,953	)

(Loss) Income from operations		(990,681	)		(805,711	)

Other expense		(11,508	)		–
(Loss) Income before income taxes		(1,002,189	)		(805,711	)

Income tax expense		–			(9	)
Net (loss) income		(1,002,189	)		(805,720	)

Less: Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests		(14,541	)		–
Net (loss) income attributable to the company		(987,648	)		(805,720	)

Comprehensive Income
Net (loss) income		(1,002,189	)		(805,720	)
Foreign currency translation (loss) gain		(23,288	)		(129,231	)
Total comprehensive (loss) income		(1,025,477	)		(934,951	)

Less: comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interest		(14,880	)		–
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to the Company		(1,010,597	)		(934,951	)

(Loss) Income per share
Basic		(0.1063	)		(0.1132	)
Diluted		(0.1063	)		(0.1132	)

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
Basic		9,293,587			7,118,587
Diluted		9,293,587			7,118,587

See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements which are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

NOCERA, INC.

INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Stated in US Dollars except for Number of Shares)

(UNAUDITED)


	Three months ended March 31,
	2023			2022
		$			$
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net (loss) income		(1,002,189	)		(805,720	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation expenses		44,728			787
Deferred income tax		(231	)		–
Amortization of intangible assets		4,076			–
Consultancy services settled by equities		521,100			503,000
Share-based compensation		103,155			103,155
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net		5,098			181,547
Inventories		1,343			(81,931	)
Advance to suppliers		–			25,892
Prepaid expenses and other assets, net		82			149,262
Operating lease right-of-use asset		–			–
Goodwill		–			–
Other non-current assets		(4,865	)		23,414
Notes payable		–			(93,194	)
Accounts payable		(149	)		(34,887	)
Other payables and accrued liabilities		(4,368	)		(98,670	)
Income tax payable		30			(281,200	)
Advance Receipts		(32,180	)		313,423
Amount due from a related party		–			(458,145	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(364,370	)		(553,267	)

Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment		(857,870	)		–
Purchase of financial assets at FVTPL		(200,951	)		–
Net cash used in investing activities		(1,058,821	)		–

Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayment of short-term bank loan		(41,137	)		(3,453	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(41,137	)		(3,453	)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		18,758			74,488
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		(1,445,570	)		(482,232	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		2,906,074			2,444,009
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period		1,460,504			1,961,777

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Cash paid for interest expenses		–			–
Cash paid for Income taxes		–			–

See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements which are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

NOCERA, INC.

INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Stated in US Dollars except Number of Shares)

(UNAUDITED)


	Common Stock				Preferred stock				Additional Paid-in		Statutory and other		Retained			Accumulated Other Comprehensive		Total Nocera Inc.’s Stockholders’ Equity			Non- controlling			Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Stock		Amount		Stock		Amount		Capital		Reserves		Earnings			Loss		(Deficit)			Interests			(Deficit)
				$				$		$		$		$			$		$			$			$
Balance, January 1, 2022		7,071,920		7,072		80,000		80		14,476,240		191,219		(9,918,553	)		13,906		4,769,964			–			4,769,964
Consultancy services settled by equities		66,667		66		–		–		502,934		–		–			–		503,000			–			503,000
Foreign currency translation adjustments		–		–		–		–		–		–		–			129,231		129,231			–			129,231
Share-based compensation		–		–		–		–		103,155		–		–			–		103,155			–			103,155
Net loss		–		–		–		–		–		–		(805,720	)		–		(805,720	)		–			(805,720	)
Balance, March 31, 2022		7,138,587		7,138		80,000		80		15,082,329		191,219		(10,724,273	)		143,137		4,699,630			–			4,699,630

Balance, January 1, 2023		9,243,587		9,243		80,000		80		20,484,518		191,219		(14,747,461	)		103,594		6,041,193			141,054			6,182,247
Foreign currency translation Adjustments		–		–		–		–		–		–		–			23,627		23,627			(339	)		23,288
Share-based compensation		–		–		–		–		103,155		–		–			–		103,155			–			103,155
Consultancy services settled by equities		450,000		450		–		–		520,650		–		–			–		521,100			–			521,100
Net loss		–		–		–		–		–		–		(987,648	)		–		(987,648	)		(14,541	)		(1,002,189	)
Balance, March 31, 2023		9,693,587		9,693		80,000		80		21,108,323		191,219		(15,735,109	)		127,221		5,701,427			126,174			5,827,601

See notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements which are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

NOCERA, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Note 1 PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES AND ORGANIZATION

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Nocera, Inc. (“Nocera” or the “Company”) and its subsidiaries, Grand Smooth Inc. Limited (“GSI”) and Guizhou Grand Smooth Technology Ltd. (“GZ GST” or “WFOE”), and Meixin Institutional Food Development Co., Ltd. (“Meixin”) that is controlled through contractual arrangements. The Company, GSI, GZ GST and Mexin are collectively referred to as the “Company”

Nocera was incorporated in the State of Nevada on February 1, 2002 and is based in New Taipei City, Taiwan (R.O.C.). It did not engage in any operations and was dormant from its inception until its reverse merger with GSI on December 31, 2018.

Reverse Merger

Effective December 31, 2018, Nocera completed a reverse merger transaction (the “Transaction”) pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Agreement”), with (i) GSI, (ii) GSI’s shareholders, Yin-Chieh Cheng and Bi Zhang, who together owned shares constituting 100% of the issued and outstanding ordinary shares of GSI (the “GSI Shares”) and (iii) GSI Acquisition Corp. Under the terms of the Agreement, the GSI Shareholders transferred to Nocera all of the GSI Shares in exchange for the issuance of 10,000,000 shares (the “Shares”) of Nocera’s common stock (the “Share Exchange”). As a result of the reverse merger, GSI became Nocera’s wholly-owned subsidiary and Yin-Chieh Cheng and Bi Zhang, the former shareholders of GSI, became Nocera’s controlling shareholders. The share exchange transaction with GSI was treated as a reverse merger, with GSI as the accounting acquirer and Nocera as the acquired party.

GSI is a limited company established under the laws and regulations of Hong Kong on August 1, 2014, and is a holding company without any operations.

GZ WFH was incorporated in Xingyi City, Guizhou Province, People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) on October 25, 2017, and is engaged in providing fish farming containers service, which integrates sales, installments, and maintenance of aquaculture equipment. The registered capital of GZ WFH is RMB$5,000,000 (equal to US$733,138).

On November 13, 2018, GSI incorporated GZ GST in PRC with registered capital of US$15,000.

Divestiture

On September 21, 2020, the Company filed a Current Report on Form 8-K outlining the lack of communication that led to the termination by Nocera of its relationship with its former variable interest entity, Guizhou Wan Feng Hu Intelligent Aquatic Technology Co. Limited (“GZ WFH”) and its management, and termination of the variable interest entity agreements between the parties.

Subsequently on October 8, 2020, Zhang Bi and GZ WFH entered into a Settlement Agreement and Release with Nocera wherein all claims as to GZ WFH’s debt (claim to shares in Nocera or GZ GST) were compromised, settled, and otherwise resolved as to any and all claims or causes of action whatsoever against Nocera for any matter, action, or representation as to Nocera, and any debt to ownership of Nocera or GZ GST up to the date of the agreement. The consideration for the agreement was mutual waiver of any and all claims against each other and GZ GST, and GZ WFH (including Zhang Bi) waived any claims to Nocera stock, meaning the 4,750,000 shares of common stock of Nocera owned by Zhang Bi were cancelled as part of the agreement. The Settlement Agreement and Release is attached hereto as Exhibit 10.8.

The VIE Agreements with XFC

On December 31, 2020, we exchanged 466,667 (post-split) shares of our restricted common stock to stockholders of Xin Feng Construction Co., Ltd., a Taiwan limited liability company (“XFC”), in exchange for 100% controlling interest in XFC. We also entered into contractual arrangements with a stockholder of XFC, that enabled us to have the power to direct the activities that most significantly affects the economic performance of XFC and receive the economic benefits of XFC that could be significant to XFC. On November 30, 2022, we entered into a Purchase of Business Agreement with Han-Chieh Shih (the “Purchaser”), in which we sold our controlling interest of XFC, to the Purchaser for a total purchase cash price of $300,000 (the “XFC Sale”). The closing of the XFC Sale occurred on November 30, 2022 and the XFC variable interest entity (“VIE”) agreements were terminated in connection with the XFC Sale.

The VIE Agreements with Meixin

On September 7, 2022, we entered into a series of contractual agreements (collectively, the “Meixin VIE Agreements”) with the majority stockholder (the “Selling Stockholder”) of Meixin Institutional Food Development Co., Ltd., a Taiwan corporation and a food processing and catering company (“Meixin”), and Meixin, of which we purchased 80% controlling interest of Meixin for $4,300,000. The Meixin VIE Agreements essentially confer control and management of Meixin as well as substantially all of the economic benefits of the Selling Stockholder in Meixin to us.

Note 2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICY

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, these financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the SEC on March 31, 2023.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present a fair presentation of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial position as of March 31, 2023, its consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023, cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and change in equity for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as applicable, have been made. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2022 or any future periods.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of accounts receivable. The Company conducts credit evaluations of its customers and suppliers, and generally does not require collateral or other security from them. The Company evaluates its collection experience and long outstanding balances to determine the need for an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company conducts periodic reviews of the financial condition and payment practices of its customers to minimize collection risk on accounts receivable.

There were three customers who represent 97% of the Company’s total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2022. There were four customers who represent 95% of the Company’s total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

The following table sets forth a summary of single customers who represent 10% or more of the Company’s total accounts receivable, net:


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
Percentage of the Company’s accounts receivable
Customer A		52.05%		50.83%
Customer B		19.09%		14.73%
Customer C		13.56%		31.82%
Customer D		10.29%		–
		94.99%		97.38%

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.”

The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve that core principle, the Company applies the following steps:

Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer

Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract

Step 3: Determine the transaction price

Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation in the contract

Step 5: Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation

The Company recognizes revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies performance obligations by transferring promised goods or services to its customers. Revenue is measured at the transaction price which is based on the amount of consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring the promised goods or services to its customers. Contracts with customers are comprised of invoices and written contracts.

The Company does not have arrangements for returns from customers. The Company has no sales incentive programs.

The Company provides goods, maintenance service warranties for the goods sold with a period varying from 18 months to 72 months, a majority of which are 18 months, and exclusive sales agency license to its customers. For performance obligation related to providing products, the Company expects to recognize the revenue according to the delivery of products. For performance obligation related to maintenance service warranties, the Company expects to recognize the revenue on a ratable basis using a time-based output method. The performance obligations are typically satisfied as services are rendered on a straight-line basis over the contract term, which is generally for 18 months as a majority of the maintenance service warranties periods provided are 18 months. For performance obligation related to exclusive agency licenses, the Company recognizes the revenue ratably upon the satisfaction over the estimated economic life of the license.

The Company does not have amounts of contract assets since revenue is recognized as control of goods is transferred. The contract liabilities consist of advance payments from customers and deferred revenue. Advance payments from customers are expected to be recognized as revenue within 12 months. Deferred revenue is expected to be recognized as revenue within 12 months.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The FASB issued several updates during the period, none of these standards are either applicable to the Company or require adoption at a future date and none are expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

Note 3 ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, accounts receivable consisted of the following:

Schedule of accounts receivable
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
	$		$
Accounts receivable		206,784		209,777
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts		–		–
Total		206,784		209,777

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and for the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company has recorded provision for doubtful accounts of nil.

Note 4 INVENTORIES

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, inventories consisted of the following:

Schedule of inventory
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
	$		$
Raw materials		91,329		91,781
Work in process		–		–
Total		91,329		91,781

Note 5 PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER ASSETS, NET


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
	$		$
Other receivables from third party		7,419		27,470
Prepaid expenses and other assets, net		7,419		27,470

Note 6 PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, property and equipment consisted of the following:

Schedule of property and equipment
	March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)			(Audited)
	$			$
Land		877,870			–
Equipment		912,839			903,867
Less: Accumulated depreciation		(104,265	)		(59,254	)
Property and equipment, net		1,686,444			844,613

On November 18, 2022, the Company paid US$20,000 for deposit to purchase 229 contiguous acres of land located in Montgomery County, Alabama to build RASs on that land for fish farming. On February 16, 2023, the Company paid US$857,870 and the land acquisition was completed.

Depreciation expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were $44,728 and $787, respectively.

Note 7 FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS

The fair value of each investment in equity instrument to be measured at fair value through profit or loss is as follows:


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
Financial assets mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss	$		$
			-
Funds		200,951		–
Total		200,951		–

Current		–		–
Non-Current		200,951		–
Total		200,951		–

Net gain of $1 was recognized under changes in fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss in the consolidated statement of profit or loss for the period ended March 31, 2023.

As of March 31, 2023, no financial assets at fair value through profit or loss were pledged with banks as collaterals.

Note 8 GOODWILL

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, goodwill consisted of the following:

Goodwill

Schedule of goodwill
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
	$		$
Goodwill - Meixin		3,905,735		3,905,735
Less: Accumulated amortization		–		–
Goodwill, net		3,905,735		3,905,735

Customer relations

Schedule of customer relations
	March 31,			December 31,
	2023			2022
	(Unaudited)			(Audited)
	$			$
Acquisitions		135,325			135,325
Translation/ Adjustments		–			–
Less: Accumulated amortization		(8,967	)		(4,891	)
Less: Impairment		–			–
Customer relations, net		126,358			130,434

Note 9 OTHER BORROWINGS

Others loans consisted of the following:

Schedule of other loans
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)

Secured loan from Chailease Finance Co., Ltd wholly repayable within 1 year	$	217,105	$	214,913
Total secured loan wholly repayable within 1 year		217,105		214,913

Secured loan from Chailease Finance Co., Ltd wholly repayable more than 1 year		400,459		436,341
Total	$	617,564	$	651,254

As of December 31, 2022, the outstanding loan from Chailease Finance Co., Ltd of $651,254 (or TWD 20,000,000) with annual interest rate of 6% was secured by pledging the timely deposit in Sunny Bank (Xizhi Branch) of $500,000, and denominated in TWD for a term of 24 months. This facility of credit limit of TWD 20,000,000 was obtained on December 19, 2022 and will be expired on December 16, 2024.

Note 10 WARRANTS

On April 1, 2021, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain investors for an aggregate of 80,000 shares of its preferred stock at a per share purchase price of $2.50. As part of the transaction, the investors received one Class C warrant and one Class D warrant for the subscription of each preferred share. The Class C warrants consist of the right to purchase up to 80,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $2.50 per share exercisable for 36 months from the date of inception. The Class D warrants consist of the right to purchase up to 80,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $5.00 per share exercisable for 36 months from the date of inception. The subscription was completed on August 10, 2021.

On September 27, 2021, the Company entered into another securities purchase agreement with the same investors, pursuant to which the Company issued in a registered direct offering, an aggregate of 48,000 shares of common stock of the Company at a per share purchase price of $2.50. In addition, the investors also received one Class C warrant and one Class D warrant for the subscription of each preferred share. The Class C warrants consist of the right to purchase up to 80,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $2.50 per share exercisable for 36 months from the date of inception. The Class D warrants consist of the right to purchase up to 80,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $5.00 per share exercisable for 36 months from the date of inception.

In connection with the Public Offering and pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1, amended (File No. 333-264059), originally filed with the SEC on April 1, 2022, and declared effective by the SEC on August 10, 2022 (the “Registration Statement”), the public offering price of each Unit was $3.50, and each unit consisting of one share of common stock and a warrant to purchase two shares of common stock from the date of issuance until the fifth anniversary of the date of issuance. The Shares and the Warrants comprising the Units were immediately separable and issued separately in the Offering, which closed on August 15, 2022.

In connection with the Public Offering and pursuant to the underwriting agreement between us and the underwriters named therein, we granted the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to 282,000 additional shares of common stock and warrants, equivalent to 15% of the Units sold in the Public Offering, at the public offering price per Unit, less underwriting discounts and commissions, to cover over-allotments, if any. On September 23, 2022, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase an additional 282,000 warrants from us for gross proceeds of $2,820. The warrants were issued to the underwriters on September 26, 2022.

The exercise price of the Warrants shall be decreased to the reset price, which means the greater of (i) 50% of the exercise price and (ii) 100% of the last volume weighted average price immediately preceding the 90th calendar day following the initial issuance date (the greater of (i) and (ii), the “Reset Price”) if, on the date that is 90 calendar days immediately following the initial issuance date, the Reset Price is less than the exercise price on that date.

On August 11, 2022, the Company effected a 2:3 reverse stock split for each share of common stock issued and outstanding. As a result of reverse stock split, the shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of Class C warrant decreased from 80,000 shares to 53,334 shares for $3.75 per share and Class D warrant decreased from 80,000 shares to 53,334 shares for $7.50 per share.

Schedule of assumptions used
Appraisal Date (Inception Date)	C Warrant August 10, 2021		D Warrant August 10, 2021
(Unaudited)
	$		$
Market price per share (USD/share)		1.47		0.66
Exercise price (USD/price)		2.50		5.00
Risk free rate		0.14%		0.14%
Dividend yield		0.00%		0.00%
Expected term/ Contractual life (years)		1.39		1.39
Expected volatility		56.36%		56.36%

Appraisal Date (Inception Date)	C Warrant September 27, 2021		D Warrant September 27, 2021
(Unaudited)
	$		$
Market price per share (USD/share)	1.71		0.73
Exercise price (USD/price)		2.50		5.00
Risk free rate		0.15%		0.15%
Dividend yield		0.00%		0.00%
Expected term/ Contractual life (years)		1.26		1.26
Expected volatility		52.93%		52.93%

The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of warrants liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs:

Schedule of Warranty Liability
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
	$		$
Balance at the beginning of period		1,179,768		312,320
Warrants issued to investors		–		754,303
Warrants redeemed		–		113,145
Fair value change of warrants included in earnings		–		–
Total		1,179,768		1,179,768

The following is a summary of the warrant activity:

Number of

Warrants

Average

Exercise Price

Weighted

Average

Remaining

Contractual

Term in

Years

Outstanding at January 1, 2023

2,418,000

2.12

4.73

Exercisable at January 1, 2023

2,418,000

2.12

4.73

Granted

–

Exercised / surrendered

–

Expired

–

Outstanding at March 31, 2023

2,418,000

2.12

4.73

Exercisable at March 31, 2023

2,418,000

2.12

4.73

Note 11 LEASES

The Company has two non-cancelable lease agreements for certain of the office and accommodation as well as fish farming containers for research and development of advanced technology for water circulation in fish farming containers with original lease periods expiring between 2022 and 2023. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise that option. The Company recognizes rental expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The components of lease expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 were as follows:


	Statement of Income Location	Three months ended March 31, 2023		Three months ended March 31, 2022
		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
		$		$
Lease Costs
Operating lease expense	General and administrative expenses		9,886		11,788
Total net lease costs			9,886		11,788

Maturity of lease liabilities under our non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2021 and March 31, 2022 are US$ nil.

Note 12 OTHER PAYABLES AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES

Schedule of payables
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
	$		$
VAT payable		–		–
Salary payable		870		861
Others		32,482		37,527
Total		33,352		38,388

Note 13 INCOME TAXES

The Company and its subsidiary, and the consolidated VIE file tax returns separately.

1) Value-added tax (“VAT”)

PRC

Pursuant to the Provisional Regulation of the PRC on VAT and the related implementing rules, all entities and individuals (“taxpayers”) that are engaged in the sale of products in the PRC are generally required to pay VAT, at a rate of which was changed from 16% to 13% on April 1, 2019 of the gross sales proceeds received, less any deductible VAT already paid or borne by the taxpayers. GZ WFH also subjected to 10% for the installment service provided.

Taiwan

Pursuant to the Value-added and Non-value-added Business Tax Act and the related implementing rules, all entities and individuals (“taxpayers”) that are engaged in the sale of products in the Taiwan are generally required to pay VAT, at a rate of 5%.

2) Income tax

United States

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) was signed into legislation. The Tax Act significantly revises the U.S. corporate income tax by, among other things, lowering the statutory corporate tax rate from 34% to 21%, imposing a mandatory one-time tax on accumulated earnings of foreign subsidiaries, introducing new tax regimes, and changing how foreign earnings are subject to U.S. tax.

On December 22, 2017, Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”) was issued to provide guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. The Company has completed the assessment of the income tax effect of the Tax Act and there were no adjustments recorded to the provisional amounts.

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economy Security Act (the “CARES Act”) was signed into law on 27 March 2020. The CARES Act temporarily eliminates the 80% taxable income limitation (as enacted under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017) for net operating loss (“NOL”) deductions for 2018-2020 tax years and reinstated NOL carrybacks for the 2018-2020 tax years. Moreover, the CARES Act also temporarily increases the business interest deduction limitations from 30% to 50% of adjusted taxable income for the 2019 and 2020 taxable year. Lastly, the Tax Act technical correction classifies qualified improvement property as 15-year recovery period, allowing the bonus depreciation deduction to be claimed for such property retroactively as if it was included in the Tax Act at the time of enactment. The Company does not anticipate a significant tax impact on its financial statements and will continue to examine the impact the CARES Act may have on its business.

The Company evaluated the Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (“GILTI”) inclusion on current earnings and profits of greater than 10% owned foreign controlled corporations. The Company has evaluated whether it has additional provision amount resulted by the GILTI inclusion on current earnings and profits of its foreign controlled corporations. The law also provides that corporate taxpayers may benefit from a 50% reduction in the GILTI inclusion, which effectively reduces the 21% U.S. corporate tax rate on the foreign income to an effective rate of 10.5%. The GILTI inclusion further provides for a foreign tax credit in connection with the foreign taxes paid. In 2019, the Company recorded a GILTI inclusion of $152,829. The Company has elected to treat the financial statement impact of GILTI as current period expenses.

The reverse merger was completed on December 31, 2018 and the tax losses of the US subsidiary was not in the scope as of December 31, 2018. As of December 31, 2019, net operating loss carried forward which was available to offset future taxable income for the Company in the United States was $99,817. There was a full valuation allowance applied against these loss carry forward as management determined it was not more likely than not that these net operating losses would be utilized in the foreseeable future.

Hong Kong

The HK tax reform has introduced two-tiered profits tax rates for corporations. Under the two-tiered profits tax rates regime, the profits tax rate for the first HK$2 million (approximately $257,931) of assessable profits will be lowered to 8.25% (half of the rate specified in Schedule 8 to the Inland Revenue Ordinance) for corporations. Assessable profits above HK$2 million (approximately $257,931) will continue to be subject to the rate of 16.5% for corporations. Because the Company assessed that the HK entity will not earn a profit greater than HK$2 million (approximately $257,931), it is subject to a corporate income tax rate of 8.25%.

As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s subsidiary in Hong Kong had net operating loss carry forwards available to offset future taxable income. The net operating losses will be carryforward indefinitely under Hong Kong Profits Tax regulation. There is a full valuation allowance applied against these loss carry forward as management determined it was not more likely than not that these net operating losses would be utilized in the foreseeable future.

PRC

WFOE and the consolidated VIE established in the PRC are subject to the PRC statutory income tax rate of 25%, according to the PRC Enterprise Income Tax law.

In accordance with the relevant tax laws and regulations of the PRC, a company registered in the PRC is subject to income taxes within the PRC at the applicable tax rate on taxable income. All the PRC subsidiaries were subject to income tax at a rate of 25% for the year ended December 31, 2021. According to PRC tax regulations, the PRC net operating loss can generally carry forward for no longer than five years starting from the year subsequent to the year in which the loss was incurred.

Taiwan

The Company’s loss before income taxes is primarily derived from the operations in Taiwan and income tax expense is primarily incurred in Taiwan.

As a result of amendments to the “Taiwan Income Tax Act” enacted by the Office of the President of Taiwan on February 7, 2018, the statutory income tax rate increased from 17% to 20% and the undistributed earnings tax, or a surtax, decreased from 10% to 5% effective from January 1, 2018. As a result, the statutory income tax rate in Taiwan was 20% for the years ended August 31, 2021 and 2020. An additional surtax, of which rate was reduced from 10% to 5% being applied to the Company starting from September 1, 2018, is assessed on undistributed income for the entities in Taiwan, but only to the extent such income is not distributed or set aside as a legal reserve before the end of the following year. The 5% surtax is recorded in the period the income is earned, and the reduction in the surtax liability is recognized in the period the distribution to stockholders or the setting aside of legal reserve is finalized in the following year.

The components of the income tax (benefit) expense are:

Schedule of income tax components
	Three months ended March 31,
	2023		2022
	(Unaudited)
	$		$
Current		–		23,808
Deferred		–		–
Total income tax expense		–		23,808

The reconciliation of income taxes expenses computed at the Taiwan statutory tax rate (2022: at PRC statutory rate) applicable to income tax expense is as follows:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2023			2022
	(Unaudited)
Taiwan (2021-PRC) income tax statutory rate		20.00%			20.00%
Tax effect of non-deductible expenses		(1.54%	)		(15.85%	)
Tax effect of stock-based compensation		(10.29%	)		–
Tax effect of non-taxable income		–			–
Impact of different tax rates in other jurisdictions		(0.05%	)		1.20%
Others		–			1.00%
Changes in valuation allowance		(8.11%	)		(5.35%	)
Effective tax rate		–			1.00%

3) Deferred tax assets (liabilities), net

The tax effects of temporary differences representing deferred income tax assets and liabilities result principally from the following:

Schedule of deferred income taxes
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
	$		$
Deferred tax assets
Tax loss carried forward		23,391		23,391
Allowance for doubtful receivables		–		–
Total deferred tax assets		–		–
Valuation allowance		–		–
Total deferred tax assets, net		23,391		23,391

	March 31, 2023	December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)	(Audited)
	$	$
Deferred tax liabilities
Property and equipment, difference in depreciation	–	–

Deferred tax liabilities, net	–	–

The valuation allowance as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was primarily provided for the deferred income tax assets if it is more likely than not that these items will expire before the Company is able to realize its benefits, or that the future deductibility is uncertain. The ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible or utilizable. Management considers projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. The movement for the valuation allowance is as following.


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
	$		$
Balance at beginning of the period or year, as applicable		95,844		95,844
Additions of valuation allowance		–		–
Reductions of valuation allowance		–		–
Balance at the end of the period or year, as applicable		95,844		95,844

PRC Withholding Tax on Dividends

The current PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law imposes a 10% withholding income tax for dividends distributed by foreign-invested enterprises to their immediate holding companies outside the PRC. A lower withholding tax rate will be applied if there is a tax treaty arrangement between the PRC and the jurisdiction of the foreign holding company. Distributions to holding companies in Hong Kong that satisfy certain requirements specified by PRC tax authorities, for example, will be subject to a 5% withholding tax rate.

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had not recorded any withholding tax on the retained earnings of its foreign-invested enterprises in the PRC, since the Company intended to reinvest its earnings to potentially continue its business in mainland China, namely the manufacturing of the RASs through GZ GST, and its foreign-invested enterprises do not intend to declare dividends to their immediate foreign holding companies.

As of March 31, 2022, the Company had not recorded any withholding tax on the retained earnings of its foreign-invested enterprises in the PRC, and the Company decided not to reinvest its earnings since it is not continuing its business in mainland China, and its foreign-invested enterprises do not intend to declare dividends to their immediate foreign holding companies.

Note 14 RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS

Due to related parties

The balance due to related parties was as following:

Schedule of related party transactions
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
	$		$
Mr. Yin-Chieh Cheng (1)		11,568		11,238
Mountain Share Transfer, LLC (2)		7,681		7,681
Total		19,249		18,919

Sales

The balance of sales with a related party was as following:

	Related Party Categories	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
		(Unaudited)		(Audited)
		$		$
Grand Smooth Corporation Limited (3)	Same director		5,352		–
Total			5,352		–

The sales prices and payment terms to related parties were not significantly different from those of sales to third parties. For other related party transactions, price and terms were determined in accordance with mutual agreements.

Note:

(1)	Mr. Yin-Chieh Cheng (“Mr. Cheng”) is the chairman the Company, and he holds 36.4% shares of the Company. The balance due to Mr. Cheng as of March 31, 2022 mainly represented the amount paid by Mr. Cheng on behalf of the Company.

(2)	Mountain Share Transfer, LLC is company 100% controlled by Erik S. Nelson, a stockholder of the Company. The balances represented the amount paid on behalf of the Company for its daily operation purpose.

(3)	Grand Smooth Corporation Limited's chairman is Mr. Yin-Chieh Cheng ("Mr. Cheng") same with Company. Grand Smooth Corporation Limited will purchase goods from Company and re-sell it. All the terms were not significantly different from those of sales to third parties.

Note 15 COMMON STOCK

The Company’s authorized number of common stock is 200,000,000 shares with par value of $0.001 each. On August 11, 2022, the Company effected a 2:3 reverse stock split for each share of common stock issued and outstanding. As a result of reverse stock split, the Company’s common stock issued and outstanding decreased from 10,707,150 shares to 7,138,587 shares. All shares and associated amounts have been retroactively restated to reflect the stock split on August 11, 2022. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, issued common stock were 9,693,587 shares and 9,243,587, respectively.

On August 11, 2022, the Company’s common stock commenced trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “NCRA” on a post-reverse stock split basis. During the public offering, 1,880,000 common stocks, at par value $0.001 each, were issued at the offering price $3.5 each. The Company received total gross proceeds of $6.58 million from the public offering and after deducting the underwriting commissions, discounts and offering expenses, the Company received net proceeds of approximately $5.3 million.

All number of shares, share amounts and per share data presented in the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes have been retroactively restated to reflect the reverse merger transaction and subsequent issuance of shares stated above, except for authorized shares of common stock, which were not affected.

Note 16 SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

On December 27, 2018, Nocera granted Mr. Yin-Chieh Cheng quarterly option awards of 250,000 Series A warrants for 20 quarters (i.e., 5 years) for a total of 5,000,000 Series A warrants with an exercise price of $0.50 per share, subject to continued employment for services as Chairman of the Board of Directors (“Board”) and a Director.

On June 1, 2020, Nocera granted Mr. Shun-Chih Chuang and Mr. Hsien-Wen Yu 50,000 Class A warrants and 60,000 Class A warrants separately, each with an exercise price of $0.50 per share, for serving as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer, respectively. The Company also granted 2 employees 50,000 Class A warrants with an exercise price of $0.50 per share. The Class A warrants consist of the right to purchase one share of Company common stock for $0.50 per share from the date of issuance until April 23, 2026.

On June 1, 2020, Nocera granted Mr. Michael A. Littman 50,000 Class A warrants with an exercise price of $0.50 per share and 50,000 Class B warrants with exercise price of $1.00 per share. Mr. Littman exercised 50,000 Class A warrants and 50,000 Class B warrants on August 11, 2021. The Class A warrants consist of the right to purchase one share of Company common stock for $0.50 per share from the date of issuance until April 23, 2026. The Class B warrants consist of the right to purchase one share of common stock for $1.00 per share separately from the date of issuance until April 23, 2026.

On December 1, 2021, Nocera granted Mr. Shun-Chih Chuang and Mr. Hsien-Wen Yu 75,000 Class A warrants and 60,000 Class A warrants separately, each with an exercise price of $0.50 per share, for serving as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer, respectively. The Company also granted 2 employees 70,000 Class A warrant with an exercise price of $0.50 per share. The Class A warrants consist of the right to purchase one share of Company common stock for $0.50 per share from the date of issuance until April 23, 2026.

On December 31, 2021, the Company issued an aggregate of 505,000 shares of common stock to Mr. Shun-Chih Chuang and a total of five consultants in consideration for services rendered.

On December 22, 2022, the Company issued 150,000 and 75,000 shares of common stock to Chen-Chun Chung and TraDigital respectively in consideration for services rendered.

On March 22, 2023, the Company issued 450,000 shares of common stock to Hanover International, Inc. respectively in consideration for services rendered.

On August 11, 2022, the Company effected a 2:3 reverse stock split for each share of common stock issued and outstanding. The result of reverse stock split over the common stock issuable upon exercise of the following outstanding securities as of September 30, 2022 is listed below:


	Before Reverse Stock Split		After Reverse Stock Split
Series A Warrant		4,000,000		2,666,667
Class A Warrants		1,015,000		676,667
Class B Warrants		650,000		433,334
Class C Warrants		940,000		626,667
Class D Warrants		940,000		626,667
2018 Stock Option and Award Incentive Plan		10,000,000		6,666,667
Total warrants outstanding		17,545,000		11,696,669

The estimated fair value of share-based compensation for employees is recognized as a charge against income on a ratable basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the award. The fair value of stock option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model under the following assumptions:

Schedule of assumptions used
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)

Dividend yield		N/A		N/A
Risk-free interest rate		1.16%		1.16%
Expected term (in years)		4.31		4.31
Volatility		48.15%		48.15%

The Company estimated the grant date fair value of time-based stock option awards using the Black-Scholes option valuation model, which requires assumptions involving an estimate of the fair value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant, the expected term of the options, volatility, discount rate and dividend yield. The Company calculated expected option terms based on the “simplified” method for “plain vanilla” options due to the limited exercise information. The “simplified method” calculates the expected term as the average of the vesting term and the original contractual term of the options. The Company calculated volatility using the average adjusted volatility of quick companies feature of Capital IQ for a period of time reflective of the expected option term, while the discount rate was estimated using the interest rate for a treasury note with the same contractual term as the options granted. Dividend yield is estimated at our current dividend rate, which adjusts for any known future changes in the rate.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and year ended December 31, 2022, $103,155 and $413,453 share-based compensation expenses was recognized into additional paid-in capital of the Company, respectively.

As of December 31, 2022, total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based compensation awards was $11,114,097. This amount is expected to be recognized as stock-based compensation expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income over the remaining vesting period of 1.99 years.

Note 17 PREFERRED STOCK

In August 2021, the Company issued 80,000 preferred shares, par value $0.001 per share, at an issue price of $2.50 per share to certain investors credited as fully paid. The preferred shares are non-voting and non-redeemable. The holder of the preferred shares will have priority over the holders of the common stock of the Company on the assets and funds of the Company available for distribution in a distribution of assets on liquidation, winding up or dissolution of the Company. The holder of the preferred shares shall not have the right to attend or vote at any general meeting of the Company (except a general meeting for winding up of the Company or a resolution is to be proposed which if passed would vary or abrogate the rights or privileges of such holder).

On August 11, 2022, the Company effected a 2:3 reverse stock split for each share of common stock issued and outstanding. As a result of reverse stock split, the shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of Series A Preferred Stock decreased from 80,000 shares to 53,334 shares.

Note 18 (LOSS) INCOME PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted income (loss) per common share for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

Schedule of earnings (loss) per share
	For three months ended March 31,
	2023			2022
	(Unaudited)
	$			$
Numerator:
Net (loss) income attributable to the Company		(987,648	)		(805,720	)

Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding
- Basic		9,293,587			7,118,587
- Diluted		9,293,587			7,118,587

(Loss) income per share:
- Basic		(0.1063	)		(0.1132	)
- Diluted		(0.1063	)		(0.1132	)

Note 19 SUBSEQUENT EVENT

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the issuance of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and there are no subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). In addition, our unaudited consolidated financial statements and the financial data included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q reflect our reorganization and have been prepared as if our current corporate structure had been in place throughout the relevant periods. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. For additional information regarding these and other risks and uncertainties, please see the items listed under the section captioned “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” herein and the section captioned “Risk Factors” as well as any other cautionary language contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2023. Except as may be required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Operations Overview

As of December 31, 2019, we provide land-based recirculation aquaculture systems (“RASs”) for fish farming. Our primary business operations consist of the design, development and production of RASs large scale fish tank systems, for fish farms along with expert consulting, technology transfer, and aquaculture project management services to new and existing aquaculture management business services. Through our branch office, we also procure and sell eel in Taiwan. In addition, as of December 2022, we sell food items, including our signature seafood porridge bowl, through our flagship bento box store located at the Ning Xia Night Market in the Datong District of Taipei City, Taiwan.

In October 2020, the government of Taiwan began supporting the Green Power and Solar Sharing Fish Farms initiative. In view of the opportunities resulting from this initiative, in October 2020, Nocera ceased all of its operations in China and moved all of its technology and back-office operations to Taiwan. We now only operate out of Taiwan.

Our current mission is to provide consulting services and solutions in aquaculture projects to reduce water pollution and decrease the disease problems of fisheries. Our goal is to become a global leader in the land-based aquaculture business. We are now poised to grow our existing operations in Taiwan and expand into the development and management of land-based fish farms in Taiwan and North and South America. We do not currently have any intentions of conducting operations in China or Hong Kong.

Effective December 31, 2020, we entered into a series of contractual agreements with Xin Feng Construction Co., Ltd., a funded limited liability company registered in Taiwan (R.O.C.), whereby we agreed to provide technical consulting and related services to XFC. On November 30, 2022, we entered into a Purchase of Business Agreement with Han-Chieh Shih, in which we sold our controlling interest of XFC, to the Purchaser for a total purchase cash price of $300,000. The closing of the XFC Sale occurred on November 30, 2022 and the XFC VIE agreements were terminated in connection with the XFC Sale. As of the filing date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we have no intention of providing services to construct indoor RASs and solar sharing fish farms in Taiwan.

As of September 30, 2021, we launched our first RAS demo site in Taiwan and engaged the demo site into the testing phase to raise eel. Currently, we are promoting our RASs in Taiwan and looking for opportunities to cooperate with local solar energy industry and to expand our business into the U.S. We believe the U.S. is a potentially lucrative market to penetrate.

On September 7, 2022, we entered into a series of contractual agreements with the majority stockholder of Meixin Institutional Food Development Co., Ltd., a Taiwan corporation and a food processing and catering company, and Meixin, of which we purchased 80% controlling interest of Meixin for $4,300,000. The Meixin VIE Agreements essentially confer control and management of Meixin as well as substantially all of the economic benefits of the Selling Stockholder in Meixin to us. As a result, we have been determined to be the primary beneficiary of Meixin and Meixin became our VIE.

We employ a sales and marketing strategy targeting Taiwan government-supported solar fish farms. We are planning on expanding our sales and marketing model through the use of online marketing, data intelligence, and the establishment of a distributor network. The online marketing and data intelligence is designed to generate sales leads internationally outside of Taiwan that can be directed to our sales department for further follow-up.

We plan to sell and develop fish farms in Taiwan, the U.S., and Brazil. We expect to sell over five thousand tanks in the next five years. Our production facility is to be established in Taiwan, and we plan to sell the systems into the Americas and European countries as well.

We also intend to expand fish farming demo sites in Taiwan by the end of 2023, and build the catfish farm in the US by the end of 2024 to promote our fish farming systems to the global market. As of February 16, 2023, we completed the acquisition of 229 acres of land in Montgomery County, Alabama, of which we intend to build RASs on that land for fish farming.

Business Developments

The following highlights recent material developments in our business:

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On September 8, 2022, we entered into a Real Estate Purchase Agreement with an unaffiliated third party pursuant to which we agreed to purchase 229 contiguous acres of land located in Montgomery County, Alabama (the “Land Acquisition”). We paid an earnest deposit of $20,000 on the land with the balance of $857,870 payable at closing. We borrowed $650,000 to fund the purchase price. The Land Acquisition closed on February 16, 2023. We intend to build RASs on the land for fish farming. The property includes a house, a manufactured home and a building site with sewer and power which we intend to develop into an office and dormitory for our future employees.

Key Factors Affecting our Performance

As a result of a number of factors, our historical results of operations may not be comparable to our results of operations in future periods, and our results of operations may not be directly comparable from period to period. Set forth below is a brief discussion of the key factors impacting our results of operations.

Known Trends and Uncertainties

Inflation

Prices of certain commodity products, including raw materials, are historically volatile and are subject to fluctuations arising from changes in domestic and international supply and demand, labor costs, competition, market speculation, government regulations, trade restrictions and tariffs. Increasing prices in the component materials for our goods may impact the availability, the quality and the price of our products, as suppliers search for alternatives to existing materials and increase the prices they charge. Our suppliers may also fail to provide consistent quality of product as they may substitute lower cost materials to maintain pricing levels. Nocera’s cost base also reflects significant elements for freight, including fuel, which has significantly increased due to the effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and Russia’s illegal military invasion of Ukraine. Rapid and significant changes in commodity prices such as fuel and plastic may negatively affect our profit margins if Nocera is unable to mitigate any inflationary increases through various customer pricing actions and cost reduction initiatives.

Geopolitical Conditions

Our operations could be disrupted by geopolitical conditions, trade disputes, international boycotts and sanctions, political and social instability, acts of war, terrorist activity or other similar events. From time to time, we could have a large revenue stream associated with a particular customer or a large number of customers located in a particular geographic region. Decreased demand from a discrete event impacting a specific customer, industry, or region in which we have a concentrated exposure could negatively impact our results of operations.

In February 2022, Russia initiated significant military action against Ukraine. In response, the U.S. and certain other countries imposed significant sanctions and export controls against Russia, Belarus and certain individuals and entities connected to Russian or Belarusian political, business, and financial organizations, and the U.S. and certain other countries could impose further sanctions, trade restrictions, and other retaliatory actions should the conflict continue or worsen. It is not possible to predict the broader consequences of the conflict, including related geopolitical tensions, and the measures and retaliatory actions taken by the U.S. and other countries in respect thereof as well as any counter measures or retaliatory actions by Russia or Belarus in response, including, for example, potential cyberattacks or the disruption of energy exports, is likely to cause regional instability, geopolitical shifts, and could materially adversely affect global trade, currency exchange rates, regional economies and the global economy. The situation remains uncertain, and while it is difficult to predict the impact of any of the foregoing, the conflict and actions taken in response to the conflict could increase our costs, reduce our sales and earnings, impair our ability to raise additional capital when needed on acceptable terms, if at all, or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Foreign Currency

Our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar and our operations in Taiwan use their local currency as their functional currencies. Substantially all of our revenue and expenses are in NT dollars. We are subject to the effects of exchange rate fluctuations with respect to any of such currency. For example, the value of the NT dollar depends to a large extent on Taiwan government policies and Taiwan’s domestic and international economic and political developments, as well as supply and demand in the local market.

The income statements of our operations are translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rates in each applicable period. To the extent the U.S. dollar strengthens against foreign currencies, the translation of these foreign currencies denominated transactions results in reduced revenue, operating expenses and net income for our international operations. We are also exposed to foreign exchange rate fluctuations as we convert the financial statements of our foreign subsidiaries into U.S. dollars in consolidation.

Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic

The current outbreak of COVID-19 has globally resulted in the loss of life, business closures, restrictions on travel, and widespread cancellation of social gatherings. The spread of COVID-19 has begun to cause some business disruption resulting in reduced net revenue in December 2019. There continues to be considerable uncertainty around the duration of the pandemic and its resultant economic effects. Therefore, we expect this matter to negatively impact our operating results.

The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our business will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted at this time, including:

	●	new information which may emerge concerning the severity of the disease;

	●	the duration and spread of the outbreak;

	●	the severity of travel restrictions imposed by geographic areas in which we operate, mandatory or voluntary business closures;

	●	regulatory actions taken in response to the pandemic, which may impact merchant operations, consumer and merchant pricing, and our product offerings;

	●	other business disruptions that affect our workforce;

	●	the impact on capital and financial markets; and

	●	actions taken throughout the world, including in markets in which we operate, to contain the COVID-19 outbreak or treat its impact.

In addition, the current outbreak of COVID-19 has resulted in a widespread global health crisis and adversely affected global economies and financial markets, and similar public health threats could do so in the future.

Since 2021, substantially all our revenues are concentrated in Taiwan pending expansion into other international markets. Consequently, our results of operations will likely be adversely materially affected to the extent that the COVID-19 pandemic or any epidemic harms Taiwan’s economy and society and the global economy in general. Any potential impact to our results will depend on to a large extent, future developments and new information that may emerge regarding the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and the actions taken by government authorities and other entities to contain the COVID-19 pandemic or treat its impact, almost all of which are beyond our control. If the disruptions posed by the COVID-19 pandemic or other matters of global concern continue for an extensive period of time, the operations of our business may be materially adversely affected.

To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic or a similar public health threat has an impact on our business, it is likely to also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in the “Risk Factors” section in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the SEC on March 31, 2023.

Seasonality

Since the global growing demand for aquaculture production along with the decreasing production from wild fisheries, our fish farming systems provide a controlled and traceable environment for fish species, and therefore our business rarely suffers a seasonal impact.

Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Assumptions

We prepare our financial statements in conformity with GAAP, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the financial reporting period. We continually evaluate these estimates and assumptions based on the most recently available information, our own historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Since the use of estimates is an integral component of the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates. Some of our accounting policies require higher degrees of judgment than others in their application. We consider the policies discussed below to be critical to an understanding of our financial statements.

The SEC defines critical accounting policies as those that are, in management’s view, most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and those that require significant judgments and estimates.

The accounting principles we utilized in preparing our consolidated financial statements conform in all material respects to GAAP.

Reclassification

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, the allowance for doubtful receivables; the useful lives of property and equipment and intangible assets; impairment of long-lived assets; recoverability of the carrying amount of inventory; fair value of financial instruments; provisional amounts based on reasonable estimates for certain income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) and the assessment of deferred tax assets or liabilities. These estimates are often based on complex judgments and assumptions that management believes to be reasonable but are inherently uncertain and unpredictable. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Financial Assets

The classification of financial assets depends on the nature and purpose of the financial assets and is determined at the time of initial recognition. Regular way purchases or sales of financial assets are recognized and derecognized on a trade date or settlement date basis for which financial assets were classified in the same way, respectively. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within the time frame established by regulation or convention in the marketplace.

a) Category of financial assets and measurement

Financial assets are classified into the following categories: financial assets at FVTPL, investments in debt instruments and equity instruments at FVTOCI, and financial assets at amortized cost.

	1)	Financial asset at FVTPL

		For certain financial assets which include debt instruments that do not meet the criteria of amortized cost or FVTOCI, it is mandatorily required to measure them at FVTPL. Any gain or loss arising from remeasurement is recognized in profit or loss. The net gain or loss recognized in profit or loss incorporates any interest earned on the financial asset.

Investments in debt instruments at FVTOCI

Debt instruments with contractual terms specifying that cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding, together with objective of collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets, are measured at FVTOCI.

Interest income calculated using the effective interest method, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment gains or losses on investments in debt instruments at FVTOCI are recognized in profit or loss. Other changes in the carrying amount of these debt instruments are recognized in other comprehensive income and will be reclassified to profit or loss when these debt instruments are disposed.

Investments in equity instruments at FVTOCI

On initial recognition, the Company may irrevocably designate investments in equity investments that is not held for trading as at FVTOCI.

Investments in equity instruments at FVTOCI are subsequently measured at fair value with gains and losses arising from changes in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in other equity.

Dividends on these investments in equity instruments at FVTOCI are recognized in profit or loss when the Company’s right to receive the dividends is established, unless the Company’s rights clearly represent a recovery of part of the cost of the investment.

Measured at amortized cost

Cash and cash equivalents, commercial paper, debt instrument investments, notes and accounts receivable (including related parties), other receivables, refundable deposits and temporary payments (including those classified under other current assets and other noncurrent assets) are measured at amortized cost.

Debt instruments with contractual terms specifying that cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding, together with objective of holding financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows, are measured at amortized cost.

Subsequent to initial recognition, financial assets measured at amortized cost are measured at amortized cost, which equals to carrying amount determined by the effective interest method less any impairment loss.

b) Impairment of financial assets

At the end of each reporting period, a loss allowance for expected credit loss is recognized for financial assets at amortized cost (including accounts receivable) and for investments in debt instruments that are measured at FVTOCI.

The loss allowance for accounts receivable is measured at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses. For financial assets at amortized cost and investments in debt instruments that are measured at FVTOCI, when the credit risk on the financial instrument has not increased significantly since initial recognition, a loss allowance is recognized at an amount equal to expected credit loss resulting from possible default events of a financial instrument within 12 months after the reporting date. If, on the other hand, there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, a loss allowance is recognized at an amount equal to expected credit loss resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument.

The Company recognizes an impairment loss in profit or loss for all financial instruments with a corresponding adjustment to their carrying amount through a loss allowance account, except for investments in debt instruments that are measured at FVTOCI, for which the loss allowance is recognized in other comprehensive income and does not reduce the carrying amount of the financial asset.

c) Derecognition of financial assets

The Company derecognizes a financial asset only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset to another entity.

On derecognition of a financial asset at amortized cost in its entirety, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable is recognized in profit or loss. On derecognition of an investment in a debt instrument at FVTOCI, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognized in other comprehensive income is recognized in profit or loss. However, on derecognition of an investment in an equity instrument at FVTOCI, the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognized in other comprehensive income is transferred directly to retained earnings, without recycling through profit or loss.

Fair Value Measurement

We apply ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands financial statement disclosure requirements for fair value measurements.

ASC Topic 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) on the measurement date in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

ASC Topic 820 specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques, which is based on whether the inputs into the valuation technique are observable or unobservable. The hierarchy is as follows:

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Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

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Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments.

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Level 3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value. Unobservable inputs are valuation technique inputs that reflect our own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

Our management is responsible for determining the assets acquired, liabilities assumed and intangibles identified as of the acquisition date and considered a number of factors including valuations from an independent appraiser.

When available, we use quoted market prices to determine the fair value of an asset or liability. If quoted market prices are not available, we measure fair value using valuation techniques that use, when possible, current market-based or independently sourced market parameters, such as interest rates and currency rates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include all cash on hand and cash in bank with no restrictions. The balance of cash as of March 31, 2023 and 2022 were $1,460,504 and $1,916,777, respectively.

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable are stated at the original amount less an allowance for doubtful accounts, if any, based on a review of all outstanding amounts at period end. An allowance is also made when there is objective evidence that we will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables. We analyze the aging of the customer accounts, coverage of credit insurance, customer concentrations, customer credit-worthiness, historical and current economic trends and changes in its customer payment patterns when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts.

Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets, Net

Prepaid expense and other assets, net consist of receivable from prepaid rent, etc. Management reviews its receivable balance each reporting period to determine if an allowance for doubtful accounts is required. An allowance for doubtful account is recorded in the period in which loss is determined to be probable based on an assessment of specific evidence indicating doubtful collection, historical experience, account balance aging, and prevailing economic conditions. Bad debts are written off against the allowance after all collection efforts have ceased.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using the weighted average method. Inventories include raw materials, work in progress and finished goods. The variable production overhead is allocated to each unit of product on the basis of the actual use of the production facilities. The allocation of fixed production overhead to the costs of conversion is based on the normal capacity of the production facilities.

Where there is evidence that the utility of inventories, in their disposal in the ordinary course of business, will be less than cost, whether due to physical deterioration, obsolescence, changes in price levels, or other causes, the inventories are written down to net realizable value.

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Cost represents the purchase price of the asset and other costs incurred to bring the asset into its existing use. Maintenance, repairs, and betterments, including replacement of minor items, are charged to expense; major additions to physical properties are capitalized.

Depreciation of property and equipment is provided using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which are shown as follows.

	Useful life
Leasehold improvements	Shorter of the remaining lease terms and estimated useful lives
Land	Indefinite, as per land titles
Furniture and fixture	5 years
Equipment	3 years
Machinery	5 years
Vehicle	5 years

Upon sale or disposal, the applicable amounts of asset cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the net amount less proceeds from disposal is charged or credited to income.

Business Combination

For a business combination, the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree are recognized at the acquisition date and measured at their fair values as of that date. In a business combination achieved in stages, the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as the noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, are recognized at the full amounts of their fair values. In a bargain purchase in which the total acquisition-date fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired exceeds the fair value of the consideration transferred plus any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, that excess in earnings is recognized as a gain attributable to the acquirer.

Deferred tax liability and assets are rec

SEC Form 10-Q filed by Nocera Inc.