SEC Form 10-K filed by Avid Bioservices Inc.
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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
Form 10-K
For the Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2024
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| i |
Risk Factor Summary
Below is a summary of the principal factors that make an investment in our common stock speculative or risky. This summary does not address all of the risks that we face. Additional discussion of the risks summarized in this risk factor summary, and other risks that we face, can be found under the heading “Risk Factors” in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and should be carefully considered, together with other information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) before making investment decisions regarding our common stock.
Risks Related to Our Business
| · | A significant portion of our revenues comes from a limited number of customers. |
| · | We generally do not have long-term customer contracts and our backlog cannot be relied upon as a future indicator of revenues. |
| · | We are making a significant investment by expanding our CDMO service offering into the development and manufacture of viral vectors which will subject us to a number of risks and uncertainties that could adversely affect our operations and financial results. |
| · | We have made a significant capital investment in our facilities in order to meet potential future biologics development and manufacturing needs and, as a result, we depend on the success of attracting new and retaining existing customers’ business. |
| · | We rely on third parties to supply most of the necessary raw materials and supplies for the products we manufacture on behalf of our customers and our inability to obtain such raw materials or supplies may adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations. |
| · | All of our manufacturing facilities are situated in Orange County, California, which increases our exposure to significant disruption to our business as a result of unforeseeable developments in a single geographic area. |
| · | Our manufacturing services are highly complex, and if we are unable to provide quality and timely services to our customers, our business could suffer. |
| · | If we do not enhance our existing, or introduce new, service offerings in a timely manner, our offerings may become obsolete or noncompetitive over time, customers may not buy our offerings and our revenues and profitability may decline. |
| · | Any claims beyond our insurance coverage limits, or that are otherwise not covered by our insurance, may result in substantial costs and a reduction in our available capital resources. |
| · | Third parties may claim that our services or our customers’ products infringe on or misappropriate their intellectual property rights. |
| · | We may be subject to various litigation claims and legal proceedings. |
| · | We and the third parties with whom we work are subject to stringent and evolving laws, regulations, and rules, contractual obligations, industry standards, policies and other obligations related to data privacy and security. Our (or the third parties with whom we work) actual or perceived failure to comply with such obligations could lead to regulatory investigations or actions; litigation (including class claims); fines and penalties; disruptions of our business operations; reputational harm; loss of revenue or profits; and other adverse business consequences. |
| · | Our information technology systems, or those of the third parties with whom we work, or our data are or were compromised, we could experience adverse consequences resulting from such compromise, including but not limited to regulatory investigations or actions; litigation; fines and penalties; disruptions of our business operations; reputational harm; loss or revenue or profits; and other adverse consequences that which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. |
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Risks Related to Our Customers
| · | The consumers of the products we manufacture for our customers may significantly influence our business, financial condition, and results of operations. |
| · | Our customers’ failure to receive or maintain regulatory approval for their product candidates could negatively impact our revenues and profitability. |
| · | We depend on spending and demand from our customers for our contract manufacturing and development services and any reduction in spending or demand, whether due to a deterioration in macroeconomic conditions or unfavorable research and development results, could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and profitability. |
Risks Related to the Industry in Which We Operate
| · | Failure to comply with existing and future regulatory requirements could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. |
| · | We operate in a highly competitive market and competition may adversely affect our business. |
Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Common Stock
| · | We have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, which if not remediated, could adversely affect our business. |
| · | Our issuance of additional capital stock pursuant to our stock incentive plan, or in connection with financings, acquisitions, or otherwise will dilute the interests of other security holders and may depress the price of our common stock. |
| · | The price of our common stock has been and may continue to be highly volatile and may adversely affect the liquidity of our common stock. |
Risks Related to Our Outstanding 2029 Notes
| · | We may not have sufficient cash flow from our business to make payments on our significant debt when due, and we may incur additional indebtedness in the future. |
| · | The conditional conversion feature of our 2029 Notes, if triggered, may adversely affect our financial condition and operating results. |
| · | Our failure to comply with the covenants under our Indenture applicable to the 2029 Notes could trigger an event of default under the Indenture and result in the 2029 Notes being declared immediately due and payable. |
| iii |
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
In this Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Annual Report”), unless the context otherwise indicates, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “Company” and “Avid” refer to Avid Bioservices, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiary. In addition to historical information, this Annual Report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that involve risks and uncertainties. The inclusion of forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the objectives or plans will be achieved because our actual results may differ materially from any forward-looking statement. The words “may,” “should,” “plans,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” their opposites and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not necessarily mean that a statement is not forward-looking. We caution readers that such statements are not guarantees of future performance or events and are subject to a number of factors that may tend to influence the accuracy of the statements including, but not limited to, those risk factors outlined in the section titled, “Risk Factors,” as well as those discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report. You should not unduly rely on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Annual Report. We undertake no obligation to publicly revise any forward-looking statement to reflect circumstances or events after the date of this Annual Report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should, however, review the factors and risks we describe in the reports filed by us from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) after the date of this Annual Report.
Avid Bioservices® is a registered trademark of Avid Bioservices, Inc. All other brand names or trademarks appearing in this Annual Report are the property of their respective holders.
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PART I
| Item 1. | Business |
Overview
We are a dedicated contract development and manufacturing organization (“CDMO”) that provides a comprehensive range of services from process development to Current Good Manufacturing Practices (“CGMP”) clinical and commercial manufacturing of biologics for the biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries. With over 30 years of experience producing biologics, our services include clinical and commercial drug substance manufacturing, bulk packaging, release and stability testing and regulatory submissions support. We also provide a variety of process development services, including cell line development, upstream and downstream development and optimization, analytical method development, testing and characterization. Over our 22 years of regulatory inspection history, we have completed 10 pre-approval inspections with each of our last five U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) inspections resulting in zero Form 483 observations. We have produced more than 500 CGMP batches of product, of which more than 220 have been commercial batches. Commercial biologics produced by us are distributed to over 90 countries world-wide and we are routinely inspected by global regulatory authorities and large pharmaceutical companies alike, as part of their on-going quality assurance audit programs.
Business Strategy
We continue to execute on a growth strategy that seeks to align with the growth of the biopharmaceutical drug substance contract services market. That strategy has and continues to encompass the following objectives:
| · | Invest in additional capacity, capabilities and resources required for us to achieve our long-term growth strategy and meet the growth-demand of our customers’ programs, moving from development through to commercial manufacturing; |
| · | Broaden our market awareness through a diversified yet flexible marketing strategy; |
| · | Expand our customer base and programs with existing customers for both process development and manufacturing service offerings; |
| · | Explore and invest in strategic opportunities both within our core business as well as in adjacent and/or synergistic service offerings in order to enhance and/or broaden our capabilities; and |
| · | Increase our operating profit margin to best-in-class within our industry. |
Our Competitive Strengths
We believe that we are well positioned to address the market for outsourced development and manufacturing of biopharmaceuticals derived from mammalian cell culture, due to the following factors:
| · | Expertise in Mammalian Cell Culture Manufacturing: We believe that continued consolidation in the CDMO industry has resulted in a limited number of qualified, agile and independent CDMOs with mammalian cell culture-based biologics development and manufacturing capabilities. The mammalian cell culture production method is highly suitable for manufacturing complex molecules (examples include monoclonal antibodies, next-generation antibodies and recombinant proteins), and we believe the benefits of the mammalian cell culture production method have played a significant role in accelerating the proliferation of biologics therapies. We believe we are well positioned in the industry, given our available capacity and expertise in mammalian cell culture for biologics manufacturing. |
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| · | Broad Spectrum of Services to Support Customers from Early-Stage Development to Commercial: We provide fully integrated and customized biomanufacturing services that support our customers from the early preclinical stage to commercial launch and supply. We believe pharmaceutical companies generally prefer to engage with CDMOs that are able to work with a product throughout its lifecycle and have long-standing track records of regulatory compliance and quality control. Our Process Development, CGMP Drug Substance Biomanufacturing, Project Management, Quality Systems and Quality Control are all supported by modern facilities designed to meet customer needs from early-stage development to commercial supply. We differentiate our capabilities through several key criteria: (i) we employ a customer-centric approach and collaborate with our customers to tailor customized development and manufacturing services; (ii) our agile manufacturing and development capabilities allow for rapid responses to shifting production requirements, leading to strong customer satisfaction and retention; and (iii) our single-use bioreactors contribute to enhanced manufacturing efficiency for our customers and reduce our capital spending needs. | |
| · | Strong Regulatory Track Record: Historically, developing the expertise to comply with stringent regulatory audits and validation requirements has been a challenge for both pharmaceutical companies and CDMOs, and has been seen as a significant barrier to entry for many CDMOs, as facilities can take years to construct and properly validate. We believe pharmaceutical companies place a premium on working with CDMOs that can ensure a high degree of regulatory compliance, which decreases execution risk. We have a strong regulatory track record, consisting of a 22-year inspection history. Since 2005 we have successfully completed ten pre-approval inspections, including five FDA inspections since 2013, none of which resulted in any Form 483 observations by the FDA. Further, we routinely successfully comply with audits by large pharmaceutical companies. | |
| · | Modern and Optimized Infrastructure: With the expansion of our Myford facility in late fiscal 2023 and the recent launch of our cell and gene therapy development and CGMP manufacturing facility, as further discussed below, we continue to position our business to capitalize on increasing demand in the biologics manufacturing industry for modular cleanroom space, onsite analytical and process development laboratories and single-use bioreactors. These developments have driven demand among pharmaceutical companies for facilities that can develop and produce pilot scale batches (up to 200 liters) in process development using a process train that matches the single-use bioreactors in CGMP production. With single-use bioreactors ranging from 200 to 2,000 liters, our CGMP Myford facility offering more than 20,000 liters of total capacity is designed to provide our customers with the desired efficiency, flexibility and capacity. Furthermore, these facilities are designed to optimize both operational and quality performance by employing features that reduce the number of material movements, incorporate standardization (without impacting flexibility) as well as redundancy to maintain operations and avoid interruptions. Following significant investment over recent years we are able to offer decades of experience delivered through assets which are in most cases less than five years old. | |
| · | Significant Manufacturing Experience with a Proven Track Record: We have over 30 years of experience producing monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins, over 20 years of CGMP commercial manufacturing experience and over 16 years of experience with single-use bioreactor technology resulting in the manufacture of more than 500 batches of which almost half have been commercial. We believe this experience, combined with our management team’s and board of directors’ deep experience in the CDMO and pharmaceutical industry, positions us to take advantage of positive long-term industry trends. |
Our Growth Strategy
We believe we have a significant opportunity to continue to drive organic growth by leveraging our strengths, broadening our capabilities, increasing our capacity and improving our market visibility through the following strategies:
| · | Diversify Customer Base: We continue to diversify and expand our customer base through a developed marketing and sales strategy designed to further diversify our customer base and drive new customer acquisitions, while also continuing to leverage our existing relationships to support new programs with our existing customers. |
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| · | Expand Service Offerings: We have invested in strategic opportunities to expand our service offerings. During fiscal 2022, we expanded our CDMO service offering into viral vector development and manufacturing services for the rapidly growing cell and gene therapy (“CGT”) market. | |
| · | Expand Process Development Capabilities: We have expanded our process development capabilities in order to make our operations more attractive to emerging, mid-sized and large pharmaceutical companies. For example, during calendar year 2019 we expanded our total available process development and laboratory space, upgrading the infrastructure and equipment within our existing process development laboratories, and implementing new state-of-the-art technologies and equipment (including benchtop bioreactors and pilot scale manufacturing up to 200 liters) designed to facilitate efficient, high-throughput development of innovative upstream and downstream manufacturing processes that transfer directly into our CGMP manufacturing facility. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023, we further expanded the process development capacity of our mammalian cell culture services by adding new suites within our existing process development laboratory space that have the potential to increase our revenue generating capacity by approximately $25 million. We will continue to explore the addition of capabilities and services that bring value to our customers, enhancing their processing design, speeding their time to market and supporting these activities with state-of-the-art analytics. | |
| · | Expand Manufacturing Footprint and Enhance Efficiencies: During fiscal 2021, we initiated a two-phased expansion of our Myford facility. The first phase, which expanded the production capacity of our Myford facility by adding an additional downstream processing suite, was completed in January 2022. The second phase, which was completed in March 2023, further expanded our capacity with the addition of a second manufacturing train, including both upstream and downstream processing suites. During fiscal 2022, we initiated the construction of a world-class CGT development and CGMP manufacturing facility in Orange County, California (the “CGT Facility”). In June 2022, we completed the first phase of our two-phase construction plan with the opening of our new analytical and process development laboratories. The second phase of construction was the build-out of CGMP manufacturing suites, which was completed in January 2024. With the completion of the above expansions, we estimate our total annual revenue generating capacity is now more than $400 million, depending on the mix of projects. | |
| · | Increase Operating Margins: We believe we have the opportunity to drive operating margin expansion by utilizing our available capacity, and implementing continuous process efficiencies. We believe increased facility capacity utilization resulting from the growth strategies described herein will improve operating margins. | |
| · | Reinvest in Equipment and Facilities: We believe that re-investing in our laboratory and manufacturing equipment and facilities is strategically important to meet future customer demand. For example, as discussed above, we completed two mammalian cell capacity expansion projects during fiscal 2023 and our CGT Facility in January 2024, which we believe will allow us to meet the demands of our growing backlog of customer projects. | |
| · | Explore & Invest in Strategic Opportunities: We continue to evaluate potential synergistic strategic opportunities, that we believe would add: |
| ○ | Capabilities/services to our existing biologics development and manufacturing offerings that enhance our ability to provide our customers with more tailored and better solutions; and/or | |
| ○ | Adjacent capabilities/services to service other segments of the biologic’s development and manufacturing segment of the market, that we feel would value our experience, in particular our technical, commercial and regulatory experience, all combined with a high touch, flexible and customer-centric level of service. |
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Our Facilities
Mammalian Cell Facilities
Our 112,000 square foot Myford facility, located in Orange County, California, utilizes single-use equipment up to the 2,000-liter manufacturing scale to accommodate a fully disposable biomanufacturing process for products from clinical development to commercial supply. In April 2023, we announced the completion of our newly expanded manufacturing capacity within the Myford facility which included the addition of both upstream and downstream CGMP manufacturing suites. Our Myford facility includes single-use bioreactors (200-liter to 2,000-liter), four downstream processing suites, quality control labs for environmental and analytical testing, and cell bank cryofreezers, warehousing and material storage (including walk-in cold rooms), offering more than 20,000 liters of total capacity.
Our 25,000 square foot state-of-the art upstream, downstream and pilot-scale development space is located on the same campus as our Myford facility. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023, we further expanded the process development capacity of our mammalian cell culture services by adding new suites within our existing process development laboratory space, which has doubled our total process development capacity.
Cell and Gene Therapy Facility
Our 52,000 square foot CGT Facility was constructed to utilize single-use equipment up to the 3,000-liter manufacturing scale to accommodate a fully disposable biomanufacturing process for products from clinical development to commercial supply. In January 2024, we announced the completion and launch of this facility, representing the final milestone of a three-year expansion program.
Manufacturing and Raw Materials
We manufacture CGMP pharmaceutical-grade products for our customers. The process for manufacturing generally uses commercially available raw materials from multiple suppliers, and in some instances, from a single source supplier. We rely on third parties to supply most of the necessary raw materials and supplies for the products we manufacture on behalf of our customers and our inability to obtain such raw materials or supplies may adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business” for additional discussion of raw materials supplied by third party vendors for the products we manufacture for our customers.
Regulatory Matters
We have a strong and proven regulatory track record, including 22 years of inspection history. To date, we have been audited and qualified by large and small domestic and foreign biotechnology companies interested in the production of biologic material for clinical and commercial use. Additionally, we have been audited by several regulatory agencies, including the FDA, the European Medicines Agency (“EMA”), the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (“ANVISA”), Japan’s Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (“PMDA”), the Canadian Health Authority (“Health Canada”), the California Department of Health and the Australian Department of Health.
We are required to comply with the regulatory requirements of various local, state, national and international regulatory bodies having jurisdiction in the countries or localities where we manufacture products or where our customers’ products are distributed. In particular, we are subject to laws and regulations concerning research and development, testing, manufacturing processes, equipment and facilities, including compliance with CGMPs, labeling and distribution, import and export, and product registration and listing. As a result, our facilities are subject to regulation by the FDA, as well as regulatory bodies of other jurisdictions where our customers have marketing approval for their products including, but not limited to, the EMA, ANVISA, PMDA, Health Canada, and the Australian Department of Health. We are also required to comply with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, as discussed in “Environmental and Safety Matters” below. These regulatory requirements impact many aspects of our operations, including manufacturing, developing, labeling, packaging, storage, distribution, import and export and record keeping related to customers’ products. Noncompliance with any applicable regulatory requirements can result in government refusal to approve facilities for manufacturing products or products for commercialization.
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Our customers’ products must undergo pre-clinical and clinical evaluations relating to product safety and efficacy before they are approved as commercial therapeutic products. The regulatory authorities having jurisdiction in the countries in which our customers intend to market their products may delay or put on hold clinical trials, delay approval of a product or determine that the product is not approvable. The FDA or other regulatory agencies can delay approval of a drug if our manufacturing facilities are not able to demonstrate compliance with CGMPs, pass other aspects of pre-approval inspections (i.e., compliance with filed submissions) or properly scale up to produce commercial supplies. The FDA and comparable government authorities having jurisdiction in the countries in which our customers intend to market their products have the authority to withdraw product approval or suspend manufacturing if there are significant problems with raw materials or supplies, quality control and assurance or the product is deemed adulterated or misbranded. If new legislation or regulations are enacted or existing legislation or regulations are amended or are interpreted or enforced differently, we may be required to obtain additional approvals or operate according to different manufacturing or operating standards or pay additional fees. This may require a change in our manufacturing techniques or additional capital investments in our facilities.
In addition, various aspects of our business may be subject to other U.S. healthcare laws, including U.S. federal Anti-Kickback Statute, the civil False Claims Act, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”), HIPAA, as amended by Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009, and similar state and local laws and regulations. Penalties for violating these laws can be significant.
Environmental and Safety Matters
Certain products manufactured by us involve the use, storage and/or transportation of toxic and hazardous materials. Our operations are subject to extensive laws and regulations relating to the storage, handling, emission, transportation and discharge of materials into the environment and the maintenance of safe working conditions. We maintain environmental and industrial safety and health compliance programs and training at our facilities.
Prevailing legislation tends to hold companies primarily responsible for the proper disposal of their waste even after transfer to third-party waste disposal facilities. Other future developments, such as increasingly strict environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, and enforcement policies, could result in substantial costs and liabilities to us and could subject the handling, manufacture, use, reuse or disposal of substances or pollutants at our facilities to more rigorous scrutiny than at present.
Intellectual Property
We do not currently own any patents and do not have any patent applications pending in the United States or any foreign countries. However, we have acquired and developed and continue to acquire and develop knowledge and expertise (“know-how”) and trade secrets in the provision of process development and manufacturing services. Our know-how and trade secrets may not be patentable, but they are valuable in that they enhance our ability to provide high-quality services to our customers. We typically place restrictions in our agreements with third parties, which contractually restrict their right to use and disclose any of our proprietary technology with which they may be involved. In addition, we have internal non-disclosure safeguards, including confidentiality agreements, with our employees.
We also own trademarks to protect the names of our services. Trademark protection continues in some countries as long as the trademark is used, and in other countries, as long as the trademark is registered. Trademark registration is for fixed terms and can be renewed indefinitely.
Segment Information
Our business is organized into one reportable operating segment, our contract manufacturing and development services segment. In addition, we had no foreign-based operations and no long-lived assets located in foreign countries as of and for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022.
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Customers
Revenues have historically been derived from a small customer base. Although we continue to expand our customer base, we remain dependent on a limited number of customers for a substantial majority of our revenues. For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, we derived approximately 55%, 65% and 60% of our revenues from our top three customers, respectively. The loss of, or a significant reduction of business from, any of our primary customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the notes to consolidated financial statements for additional financial information regarding our customer concentration.
Seasonality
Our business is not subject to seasonality. However, the timing of customer orders and the scale, scope, mix, and duration of our fulfillment of such customer orders can result in variability in our periodic revenues.
Backlog
Our backlog represents, as of a point in time, expected future revenue from contracted work not yet completed. As of April 30, 2024, our backlog was approximately $193 million, a slight increase as compared to approximately $191 million as of April 30, 2023. While we anticipate a significant amount of our backlog will be recognized as revenue over the next five fiscal quarters, our backlog is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to: (i) the risk that a customer timely cancels its commitments prior to our initiation of services, in which case we may be required to refund some or all of the amounts paid to us in advance under those canceled commitments; (ii) the risk that a customer may experience delays in its program(s) or otherwise, which could result in the postponement of anticipated services; (iii) the risk that we may not successfully execute on all customer projects; and (iv) the risk that commencement of customer projects may be postponed due to supply chain delays, any of which could have a negative impact on our liquidity, reported backlog and future revenues and profitability.
Competition
Our competition in the CDMO market includes a number of full-service contract manufacturers and large pharmaceutical companies that have the ability to insource manufacturing. Also, some pharmaceutical companies have been seeking to divest all or portions of their manufacturing capacity, and any such divested assets may be acquired by our competitors. Some of our significantly larger global competitors have substantially greater financial, marketing, technical and other resources than we do. Moreover, additional competition may emerge and may, among other things, create downward pricing pressure, which could negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations.
Human Capital
As of April 30, 2024, we had 371 employees. All of our employees are based in Orange County, California, with the exception of a small number of employees primarily within our sales, marketing and supply chain functions who are located in various other states. None of our employees are represented by labor unions or are covered by a collective bargaining agreement with respect to their employment. We have not experienced any work stoppages, and we consider our relationship with our employees to be good.
We consider talent acquisition, development, engagement and retention a key driver to our business success and are committed to developing a comprehensive, cohesive and positive company culture focused on quality and a commitment to the safety and health of our employees, customers and the general public. We accomplish these initiatives through the following:
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Talent Acquisition and Retention
We are dedicated to attracting and retaining exceptional talent, recognizing their vital contribution to our success. In a highly competitive employment market, particularly for science, technology, engineering and math (“STEM”) skills, our talent acquisition team employs a comprehensive approach. We embrace alternative degree paths, establish collaborative relationships with organizations, schools, and universities, and an internship program to build a pipeline of early-career talent.
Compensation and Benefits
We have a compensation and benefits program which we believe allows us to compete for top talent in the Southern California market. Our total rewards philosophy has been to create investment in our workforce by offering competitive compensation and benefits package. We provide all full-time employees with compensation packages that include base salary, annual discretionary incentive bonuses, and long-term equity awards. We also offer comprehensive employee benefits, including life, disability, and health insurance (including medical, dental and vision), dependent care and flexible spending accounts, paid time off, leaves (including medical, maternity and paternity leaves), Employee Stock Purchase Program, a 401(k) plan with a company match and educational assistance. It is our expressed intent to be an employer of choice in our industry by providing a market-competitive compensation and benefits package.
Health, Safety, and Wellness
The health, safety, and wellness of our employees is a priority in which we have always invested and will continue to do so. We provide our employees and their families with access to a variety of innovative, flexible, and convenient health and wellness programs. Program benefits are intended to provide protection and security, so employees can have peace of mind concerning events that may require time away from work or that may impact their financial well-being.
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
We believe a diverse workforce is critical to our success and we are fundamentally committed to creating and maintaining a work environment in which employees are treated fairly, with dignity, decency, respect and in accordance with all applicable laws. We strive to create a professional work environment that is free from all forms of harassment, discrimination and bullying in the workplace, including sexual harassment and any form of retaliation. We are an equal opportunity employer and we strive to administer all human resources actions and policies without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, ethnicity, age, disability, sexual orientation, gender identification or expression, past or present military or veteran status, marital status, familial status, or any other status protected by applicable law. Our management team and employees are expected to exhibit and promote honest, ethical, and respectful conduct in the workplace. All employees must adhere to a code of business conduct and ethics and our employee handbook, which combined, define standards for appropriate behavior and are annually trained to help prevent, identify, report, and stop any type of discrimination and harassment. Our recruitment, hiring, development, training, compensation, and advancement is based on qualifications, performance, skills, and experience without regard to gender, race, or ethnicity.
Training and Development
We believe in encouraging employees in becoming lifelong learners by providing ongoing learning and leadership training opportunities. As part of onboarding of new employees, we provide comprehensive training regarding CGMP, environmental, health and safety practices, as well as job function specific training. Many of these training programs are repeated annually and are supplemented by other periodic training programs to maintain and improve employee awareness of safety and other issues. Several times per year we provide supervisory training to newly promoted, or soon to be promoted employees, as well as sponsor more senior employees’ participation in external leadership programs. We listen to the needs of our employees and employ appropriate training methods ranging from in-house, partnering with outside vendors, attending conferences and networking events. Additionally, we received training funds through a State of California program supporting the biotechnology industry through the development of future biotech workers. This program provides us with additional funds to help supplement our training programs.
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We have a formal annual review process not only to determine pay and equity adjustments tied to individual contributions, but to identify areas where training and development may be needed. In addition, we strive to provide real-time recognition of employee performance, including through a web-based portal where employees can be nominated for various levels of spot awards and accumulate points towards the purchase of gifts.
Company Culture
We are committed to instilling a company culture that is focused on integrity, transparency, quality and respect. We expect our employees to observe the highest levels of business ethics, integrity, mutual respect, tolerance and inclusivity. Our employee handbook and Code of Business Conduct and Ethics set forth policies reflecting these values and provide direction for registering complaints in the event of any violation of our policies. We maintain an “open door” policy at all levels of our organization and any form of retaliation against an employee is strictly prohibited.
Employee Engagement
We believe that in order to be successful, we must build and maintain a relationship with our employees that focuses on transparency and listening to their recommendations. We proactively communicate through all-employee meetings, department meetings, one-on-one meetings and check-ins. Employee input regarding our organizational climate is solicited at least annually through a combination of internal and external surveys solicited from all employees. We routinely use the information gathered in these processes to address identified key areas for improvement.
Corporate Responsibility and Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”)
In fiscal 2024, we reinforced our dedication to corporate ESG, responsibility and sustainability by expanding our engagement with EcoVadis as a rated customer. EcoVadis is a globally recognized platform for business sustainability ratings. Avid recently earned a score of 56 from EcoVadis, placing the company in the 62nd percentile globally. The EcoVadis assessment evaluates 21 sustainability criteria across four core themes: Environment, Labor & Human Rights, Ethics and Sustainable Procurement. More than 125,000 companies globally have been rated by EcoVadis.
Additionally, we appointed a dedicated program owner for our corporate ESG and sustainability initiatives. Our ESG steering committee has been revitalized with new members from the People team, Operations, Supply Chain, Engineering, Environmental Health and Safety, and the executive team. Throughout the year, we developed and launched our corporate ESG website, which is now publicly accessible. The ESG working team made significant progress on various programs and initiatives including the following corporate policies:
| · | Supplier Code of Conduct | |
| · | Modern Slavery | |
| · | Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging | |
| · | Environmental, Health, Safety and Sustainability |
In fiscal 2024, Avid Bioservices made a commitment to align with the Science-Based Targets initiative (“SBTi”) methodology and standards. SBTi provides companies with a clearly-defined path to reduce emissions in line with the Paris Agreement goals. We have begun and plan to continue with the SBTi target setting process and disclosure.
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Company Information
We were originally incorporated in the State of California in June 1981 and reincorporated in the State of Delaware in September 1996. Our principal executive offices are located at 14191 Myford Road, Tustin, California, 92780 and our telephone number is (714) 508-6100. Our principal website address is www.avidbio.com. The information on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of this Annual Report.
Available Information
This Annual Report, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K, and our proxy statements, and all amendments to those reports filed with or furnished to the SEC are available, free of charge, through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and our website at www.avidbio.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. The information on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of this Annual Report.
| Item 1A. | Risk Factors |
You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information contained in this Annual Report, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, before making a decision to invest in our securities. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently believe are not material, also may become important factors that affect us and impair our business operations. The occurrence of any of the events or developments discussed in the risk factors below could have a material and adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and, in such case, our future prospects would likely be materially and adversely affected.
Risks Related to Our Business
A significant portion of our revenues comes from a limited number of customers.
Our revenues have historically been derived from a limited number of customers. Although we continue to expand our customer base, we remain dependent on a limited number of customers for a substantial majority of our revenues. For example, for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, we derived approximately 55%, 65% and 60% of our revenues from our top three customers, respectively. The loss of, or a significant reduction of business from, any of our primary customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We generally do not have long-term customer contracts and our backlog cannot be relied upon as a future indicator of revenues.
We generally do not have long-term contracts with our customers, and existing contracts and purchase commitments may be canceled under certain circumstances. As a result, we are exposed to market and competitive price pressures on every order, and our agreements with customers do not provide assurance of future revenues. Our customers are not required to make minimum purchases and, in certain circumstances, may cease using our services at any time without penalty. Our backlog should not be relied on as a measure of anticipated demand or future revenue, because the orders constituting our backlog may be subject to changes in delivery schedules or cancellation without significant penalty to the customer. Any reductions, cancellations or deferrals in customer orders would negatively impact our business.
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We are making a significant investment by expanding our CDMO service offering into the development and manufacture of viral vectors which will subject us to a number of risks and uncertainties that could adversely affect our operations and financial results.
Our expansion of our CDMO service offering into viral vector development and manufacturing services for the cell and gene therapy market involves a number of risks that could adversely affect our operations and financial results, including the following risks:
| · | we may experience delays in the construction of the manufacturing facility, including delays in the receipt, installation and/or validation of necessary equipment; | |
| · | we may experience significant cost overruns associated with the construction of the facility; | |
| · | our entry into a new service offering may distract our executive teams’ focus on our core mammalian cell culture operations; | |
| · | we may be unable to timely hire qualified individuals to manage and our viral vector operations; and | |
| · | we may experience delays and other challenges engaging viral vector customers due to our lack of operating experience in the viral vector market. |
In addition to the foregoing, we have commenced a service offering that is currently dominated by a small number of larger organizations with established viral vector operations and significantly greater financial resources with whom we may experience difficulties in competing for talent and customers. If we are unable to manage these risks, our business and operating results could be materially harmed.
We have made a significant capital investment in our facilities in order to meet potential future biologics development and manufacturing needs and, as a result, we depend on the success of attracting new and retaining existing customers’ business.
We recently completed several expansions to our facilities, which significantly expanded our production capacity and capabilities. These expansions represent a substantial investment in our development and manufacturing capabilities, and have resulted in a significant increase in our fixed costs. If we are not able to utilize the additional capacity and capabilities from these expansions, our margins could be adversely affected. Further, our future revenues may not be sufficient to ensure the economical operation of this expanded capacity and capabilities, in which case, our results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our rapid growth during the past several fiscal years may not be indicative of our future growth, and if we continue to grow rapidly, we may fail to manage our growth effectively.
While fiscal 2024 revenues were down from the prior fiscal year, since the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 our revenues have grown approximately 134%. We believe our ability to continue to experience revenue growth will depend on a number of factors, including our ability to:
| · | continue to expand our customer base, including for our recently completed CGT Facility, and identify and focus on additional development and manufacturing opportunities with existing customers; | |
| · | effectively compete with our competitors in the contract development and manufacturing sector; | |
| · | continue to broaden our market awareness through a diversified, yet flexible, marketing strategy; and | |
| · | selectively pursue complementary or adjacent service offerings, either organically or through acquisition. |
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Moreover, we continue to expand our headcount and operations. Since fiscal 2020 our headcount has grown by 144 employees, or approximately 63%. We anticipate that we will continue to expand our operations and headcount in the near term and beyond. This potential future growth could place a significant strain on our management, administrative, operational and financial resources, company culture and infrastructure. Our success will depend in part on our ability to manage this growth effectively while retaining personnel. To manage the expected growth of our operations and personnel, we will need to continue to improve our operational, financial and management controls and our reporting systems and procedures. Failure to effectively manage growth could result in difficulty or delays in adding new customers, maintaining our strong quality systems, declines in quality or customer satisfaction, increases in costs, system failures, difficulties in introducing new features or solutions, the need for more capital than we anticipate or other operational difficulties, and any of these difficulties could harm our business performance and results of operations.
We rely on third parties to supply most of the necessary raw materials and supplies for the products we manufacture on behalf of our customers and our inability to obtain such raw materials or supplies may adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our operations require various raw materials, including proprietary media, resins, buffers, and filters, in addition to numerous additional raw materials supplied primarily by third parties. We or our customers specify the raw materials and other items required to manufacture their product and, in some cases, specify the suppliers from whom we must purchase these raw materials. In certain instances, the raw materials and other items can only be supplied by a limited number of suppliers and, in some cases, a single source, or in limited quantities. If third-party suppliers do not supply raw materials or other items on a timely basis, it may cause a manufacturing run to be delayed or canceled which would adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, we do not have long-term supply contracts with any of our single source suppliers. If we experience difficulties acquiring sufficient quantities of required materials or products from our existing suppliers, or if our suppliers are found to be non-compliant with the FDA’s quality system regulation, CGMPs or other applicable laws or regulations, we would be required to find alternative suppliers. If our primary suppliers become unable or unwilling to perform, any resulting delays or interruptions in the supply of raw materials required to support our manufacturing of CGMP pharmaceutical-grade products would ultimately delay our manufacture of products for our customers, which could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and operating results. Furthermore, third-party suppliers may fail to provide us with raw materials and other items that meet the qualifications and specifications required by us or our customers. If third-party suppliers are not able to provide us with raw materials that meet our or our customers’ specifications on a timely basis, we may be unable to manufacture their product or it could prevent us from delivering products to our customers within required timeframes. Any such delay in delivering our products may create liability for us to our customers for breach of contract or cause us to experience order cancellations and loss of customers. In the event that we manufacture products with inferior quality components and raw materials, we may become subject to product liability claims caused by defective raw materials or components from a third-party supplier or from a customer, or our customer may be required to recall its products from the market.
All of our manufacturing facilities are situated in Orange County, California, which increases our exposure to significant disruption to our business as a result of unforeseeable developments in a single geographic area.
We operate our manufacturing facilities in Orange County, California. It is possible that we could experience prolonged periods of reduced production due to unforeseen catastrophic events occurring in or around our facilities. It is also possible that operations could be disrupted due to other unforeseen circumstances such as power outages, explosions, fires, floods, earthquakes or accidents. As a result, we may be unable to shift manufacturing capabilities to alternate locations, accept materials from suppliers, meet customer shipment needs or address other severe consequences that may be encountered, and we may suffer damage to our reputation. Our financial condition and results of our operations could be materially adversely affected were such events to occur.
Our manufacturing services are highly complex, and if we are unable to provide quality and timely services to our customers, our business could suffer.
The manufacturing services we offer are highly complex, due in part to strict regulatory requirements. A failure of our quality control systems in our facilities could cause problems to arise in connection with facility operations for a variety of reasons, including equipment malfunction, viral contamination, failure to follow specific manufacturing instructions, protocols and standard operating procedures, problems with raw materials or environmental factors. Such problems could affect production of a single manufacturing run or a series of runs, requiring the destruction of products, or could halt manufacturing operations altogether. In addition, our failure to meet required quality standards may result in our failure to timely deliver products to our customers, which, in turn, could damage our reputation for quality and service. Any such incident could, among other things, lead to increased costs, lost revenue, reimbursement to customers for lost drug substance, damage to and possibly termination of existing customer relationships, time and expense spent investigating the cause and, depending on the cause, similar losses with respect to other manufacturing runs. With respect to our commercial manufacturing, if problems are not discovered before the product is released to the market, we may be subject to regulatory actions, including product recalls, product seizures, injunctions to halt manufacture and distribution, restrictions on our operations, civil sanctions, including monetary sanctions, and criminal actions. In addition, such issues could subject us to litigation, the cost of which could be significant.
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If we do not enhance our existing, or introduce new, service offerings in a timely manner, our offerings may become obsolete or noncompetitive over time, customers may not buy our offerings and our revenues and profitability may decline.
Demand for our manufacturing services may change in ways that we may not anticipate due to evolving industry standards and customer needs that are increasingly sophisticated and varied, as well as the introduction by others of new offerings and technologies that provide alternatives to our offerings. In the event we are unable to offer or enhance our service offerings or expand our manufacturing infrastructure to accommodate requests from our customers and potential customers, our offerings may become obsolete or noncompetitive over time, in which case our revenue and operating results would suffer. For example, if we are unable to respond to changes in the nature or extent of the technological or other needs of our customers through enhancing our offerings, our competition may develop offerings that are more competitive than ours, and we could find it more difficult to renew or expand existing agreements or obtain new agreements. Potential innovations intended to facilitate enhanced or new offerings generally will require a substantial capital investment before we can determine their commercial viability, and we may not have financial resources sufficient to fund all desired innovations. Even if we succeed in creating enhanced or new offerings, however, they may still fail to result in commercially successful offerings or may not produce revenue in excess of our costs of development, and they may be rendered obsolete by changing customer preferences or the introduction by our competitors of offerings embodying new technologies or features. Finally, the marketplace may not accept our innovations due to, among other things, existing patterns of clinical practice, the need for regulatory clearance and/or uncertainty over market access or government or third-party reimbursement.
If we use hazardous and biological materials in a manner that causes injury or violates applicable law, we may be liable for damages.
Our contract manufacturing operations involve the controlled use of hazardous materials and chemicals. We are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations in the United States governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal of hazardous materials and chemicals. Although we believe that our procedures for using, handling, storing and disposing of these materials comply with legally prescribed standards, we may incur significant additional costs to comply with applicable laws in the future. Also, even if we are in compliance with applicable laws, we cannot completely eliminate the risk of contamination or injury resulting from hazardous materials or chemicals. As a result of any such contamination or injury, we may incur liability, or local, city, state or federal authorities may curtail the use of these materials and interrupt our business operations. In the event of an accident, we could be held liable for damages or penalized with fines, and the liability could exceed our resources. Compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations is expensive, and current or future environmental regulations may impair our contract manufacturing operations, which could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be adversely affected by pandemics or similar public health crises.
Public health crises such as pandemics or similar outbreaks may affect our operations and those of third parties on which we rely, including our customers and suppliers. Our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be affected by: disruptions in our customers’ abilities to fund, develop, or bring to market products as anticipated; delays in or disruptions to the conduct of clinical trials by our customers; cancellations of contracts or confirmed orders from our customers; and inability, difficulty, or additional cost or delays in obtaining key raw materials, components, and other supplies from our existing supply chain; among other factors caused by a public health crises.
For example, the COVID-19 pandemic led to the implementation of various responses, including government-imposed quarantines, travel restrictions and other public health safety measures. The extent to which future pandemics impact our operations and/or those of our customers and suppliers will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and unpredictable, including the duration or recurrence of outbreaks, potential future government actions, new information that will emerge concerning the severity and impact of that pandemic and the actions to contain the pandemic or address its impact in the short and long term, among others.
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The business disruptions associated with a global pandemic could impact the business, product development priorities and operations of our customers and suppliers. For example, disruptions in supply chains and disruptions to the operations of the FDA and other drug regulatory authorities, could result in, among other things, delays of inspections, reviews, and approvals of our customers’ products, as well as the volume and timing of orders from these customers. Such disruptions could result in delays in the development programs of our customers or impede the commercial efforts for our customers’ approved products, resulting in potential reductions or delays in orders from our customers which could have a material negative effect on our business in the future.
Potential product liability claims, errors and omissions claims in connection with services we perform and potential liability under indemnification agreements between us and our officers and directors could adversely affect us.
We manufacture products intended for use in humans. These activities could expose us to risk of liability for personal injury or death to persons using such products. We seek to reduce our potential liability through measures such as contractual indemnification provisions with customers (the scope of which may vary by customer, and the performances of which are not secured) and insurance maintained by us and our customers. We could be materially adversely affected if we are required to pay damages or incur defense costs in connection with a claim that is outside the scope of the indemnification agreements, if the indemnity, although applicable, is not performed in accordance with its terms or if our liabilities exceed the amount of applicable insurance or indemnity. In addition, we could be held liable for errors and omissions in connection with the services we perform. Although we currently maintain product liability and errors and omissions insurance with respect to these risks, such coverage may not be adequate or continue to be available on terms acceptable to us.
We also indemnify our officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is serving at our request in such capacity. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited. Although we have a director and officer insurance policy that covers a portion of any potential exposure, we could be materially and adversely affected if we are required to pay damages or incur legal costs in connection with a claim above such insurance limits.
Any claims beyond our insurance coverage limits, or that are otherwise not covered by our insurance, may result in substantial costs and a reduction in our available capital resources.
We maintain property insurance, employer’s liability insurance, product liability insurance, general liability insurance, business interruption insurance, and directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, among others. Although we maintain what we believe to be adequate insurance coverage, potential claims may exceed the amount of insurance coverage or may be excluded under the terms of the policy, which could cause an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results from operations. Generally, we would be at risk for the loss of inventory that is not within customer specifications. These amounts could be significant. In addition, in the future we may not be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage or we may be required to pay higher premiums and accept higher deductibles in order to secure adequate insurance coverage.
Third parties may claim that our services or our customers’ products infringe on or misappropriate their intellectual property rights.
Any claims that our services infringe the rights of third parties, including claims arising from any of our customer engagements, regardless of their merit or resolution, could be costly and may divert the efforts and attention of our management and technical personnel. We may not prevail in such proceedings, given the complex technical issues and inherent uncertainties in intellectual property litigation. If such proceedings result in an adverse outcome, we could be required, among other things, to pay substantial damages, discontinue the use of the infringing technology, expend significant resources to develop non-infringing technology, license such technology from the third party claiming infringement (which license may not be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all) and/or cease the manufacture, use or sale of the infringing processes or offerings, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
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In addition, our customers’ products may be subject to claims of intellectual property infringement and such claims could materially affect our business if their products cease to be manufactured and they have to discontinue the use of the infringing technology which we may provide. Any of the foregoing could affect our ability to compete or could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We depend on key personnel and the loss of key personnel could harm our business and results of operations.
We depend on our ability to attract and retain qualified scientific and technical employees, as well as a number of key executives. These employees may voluntarily terminate their employment with us at any time. We may not be able to retain key personnel, or attract and retain additional qualified employees. We do not maintain key-man or similar policies covering any of our senior management or key personnel. Our inability to attract and retain key personnel would have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our ability to use net operating loss, or NOL, carryforwards and certain other tax attributes to offset future taxable income or taxes may be limited.
As of April 30, 2024, we had federal and state NOL carryforwards of approximately $454.6 million and $281.1 million, respectively. The federal NOL carryforwards generated prior to January 1, 2018 expire in various fiscal years through 2038, unless previously utilized. The federal NOL carryforwards generated after January 1, 2018 of $95.6 million can be carried forward indefinitely under current law, but can only be utilized to offset up to 80% of future taxable income. In addition, utilization of NOL carryforwards may be subject to a substantial annual limitation pursuant to Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, as well as similar state provisions due to “ownership changes” that have occurred previously or that could occur in the future. In general, an “ownership change,” as defined by Section 382, results from transactions increasing the ownership of certain stockholders or public groups in the stock of a corporation by more than 50 percentage points over a three-year period. A Section 382 analysis has been completed through the fiscal year ended April 30, 2024, that concluded no such ownership change had occurred. However, if there were any ownership changes occurring subsequent to April 30, 2024 that could impact the utilization of our NOL carryforwards and other tax attributes. Additionally, states may impose other limitations on the use of state NOL carryforwards. Any limitation may result in expiration of a portion of the NOL carryforwards before utilization. If we were not able to utilize our NOL carryforwards, we would be required to use our cash resources to pay taxes that would otherwise have been offset, thereby reducing our liquidity.
Our effective tax rate may fluctuate, and we may incur obligations in tax jurisdictions in excess of accrued amounts.
Our effective tax rate is derived from a combination of applicable tax rates in the various places that we operate. In preparing our financial statements, we estimate the amount of tax that will become payable in each such place. Nevertheless, our effective tax rate may be different than experienced in the past due to numerous factors, including the impact of stock-based compensation, changes in the mix of our profitability between tax jurisdictions, the results of examinations and audits of our tax filings, our inability to secure or sustain acceptable agreements with tax authorities, changes in accounting for income taxes and changes in tax laws. Any of these factors could cause us to experience an effective tax rate significantly different from previous periods or our current expectations and may result in tax obligations in excess of amounts accrued in our financial statements.
Our operating results may be harmed if we are required to collect sales, services or other related taxes for our products and services in jurisdictions where we have not historically done so.
We do not believe that we are required to collect sales, use, services or other similar taxes from our customers in certain jurisdictions. However, one or more states may seek to impose sales, use, services, or other tax collection obligations on us, including for past sales. A successful assertion by one or more jurisdictions that we should collect sales or other taxes on the sale of our products and services could result in substantial tax liabilities for past sales and decrease our ability to compete for future sales. Each state has different rules and regulations governing sales and use taxes and these rules and regulations are subject to varying interpretations that may change over time.
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Providers of goods or services are typically held responsible by taxing authorities for the collection and payment of any applicable sales and similar taxes. If one or more taxing authorities determines that taxes should have, but have not, been paid with respect to our products and services, we may be liable for past taxes in addition to being required to collect sales or similar taxes in respect of our products and services going forward. Liability for past taxes may also include substantial interest and penalty charges. Our customer contracts generally provide that our customers must pay all applicable sales and similar taxes. Nevertheless, customers may be reluctant to pay back taxes and may refuse responsibility for interest or penalties associated with those taxes or we may determine that it would not be feasible to seek reimbursement. If we are required to collect and pay back taxes and the associated interest and penalties and if our customers do not reimburse us for all or a portion of these amounts, we will have incurred unplanned expenses that may be substantial. Moreover, imposition of such taxes on our products and services going forward will effectively increase the cost of such products and services to our customers.
Many states are also pursuing legislative expansion of the scope of goods and services that are subject to sales and similar taxes as well as the circumstances in which a vendor of goods and services must collect such taxes. Following the U.S. Supreme Court decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., states are now free to levy taxes on sales of goods and services based on an “economic nexus,” regardless of whether the seller has a physical presence in the state. Furthermore, legislative proposals have been introduced in Congress that would provide states with additional authority to impose such taxes. Accordingly, it is possible that either federal or state legislative changes may require us to collect additional sales and similar taxes from our customers in the future.
We may be subject to various litigation claims and legal proceedings.
We, as well as certain of our directors and officers, may be subject to claims or lawsuits during the ordinary course of business. Regardless of the outcome, these lawsuits may result in significant legal fees and expenses and could divert management’s time and other resources. If the claims contained in these lawsuits are successfully asserted against us, we could be liable for damages and be required to alter or cease certain of our business practices. Any of these outcomes could cause our business, financial performance and cash position to be negatively impacted.
We and the third parties with whom we work are subject to stringent and evolving laws, regulations, and rules, contractual obligations, industry standards, policies and other obligations related to data privacy and security. Our (or the third parties with whom we work) actual or perceived failure to comply with such obligations could lead to regulatory investigations or actions; litigation (including class claims); fines and penalties; disruptions of our business operations; reputational harm; loss of revenue or profits; and other adverse business consequences.
In the ordinary course of business, we collect, receive, store, process, generate, use, transfer, disclose, make accessible, protect, secure, dispose of, transmit, and share (collectively, process) personal data and other sensitive information, including proprietary and confidential business data, trade secrets, intellectual property, business plans, transactions, and financial information (collectively, sensitive data).
Our data processing activities subject us to numerous data privacy and security obligations, such as various laws, regulations, guidance, industry standards, external and internal privacy and security policies, contractual requirements, and other obligations relating to data privacy and security.
In the United States, federal, state, and local governments have enacted numerous data privacy and security laws, including data breach notification laws, personal data privacy laws, consumer protection laws (e.g., Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act), and other similar laws (e.g., wiretapping laws). In the past few years, numerous U.S. states—including California, Virginia, Colorado, Connecticut, and Utah—have enacted comprehensive privacy laws that impose certain obligations on covered businesses, including providing specific disclosures in privacy notices and affording residents with certain rights concerning their personal data. These state laws allow for statutory fines for noncompliance. For example, the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (“CCPA”), applies to personal data of consumers, business representatives, and employees who are California residents, and requires businesses to provide specific disclosures in privacy notices and honor requests of such individuals to exercise certain privacy rights. The CCPA provides for fines of up to $7,500 per intentional violation and allows private litigants affected by certain data breaches to recover significant statutory damages. Similar laws are being considered in several other states, as well as at the federal and local levels, and we expect more states to pass similar laws in the future. These developments may further complicate compliance efforts and increase legal risk and compliance costs for us and the third parties upon whom we rely.
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In addition to data privacy and security laws, we are bound by other contractual obligations related to data privacy and security, and our efforts to comply with such obligations may not be successful. We publish privacy policies, and other statements, such as compliance with certain certifications or self-regulatory principles, regarding data privacy and security. If these policies, materials or statements are found to be deficient, lacking in transparency, deceptive, unfair, or misrepresentative of our practices, we may be subject to investigation, enforcement actions by regulators or other adverse consequences.
Obligations related to data privacy and security (and consumers’ data privacy expectations) are quickly changing, becoming increasingly stringent, and creating uncertainty. Additionally, these obligations may be subject to differing applications and interpretations, which may be inconsistent or conflict among jurisdictions. Preparing for and complying with these obligations requires us to devote significant resources and may necessitate changes to our services, information technologies, systems, and practices and to those of any third parties that process personal data on our behalf.
We may at times fail (or be perceived to have failed) in our efforts to comply with our data privacy and security obligations. Moreover, despite our efforts, our personnel or third parties with whom we work may fail to comply with such obligations, which could negatively impact our business operations. If we or the third parties with whom we work fail, or are perceived to have failed, to address or comply with applicable data privacy and security obligations, we could face significant consequences, including but not limited to: government enforcement actions (e.g., investigations, fines, penalties, audits, inspections, and similar); litigation (including class-action claims); additional reporting requirements and/or oversight; bans on processing personal data; and orders to destroy or not use personal data, loss of customers; interruptions or stoppages in our business operations (including, as relevant, clinical trials); limited ability to develop or commercialize our products; expenditure of time and resources to defend any claim or inquiry; adverse publicity; or substantial changes to our business model or operations.
Our information technology systems, or those of the third parties with whom we work, or our data are or were compromised, we could experience adverse consequences resulting from such compromise, including but not limited to regulatory investigations or actions; litigation; fines and penalties; disruptions of our business operations; reputational harm; loss or revenue or profits; and other adverse consequences that which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
In the ordinary course of our business, we and the third parties with whom we work process sensitive data, and, as a result, we and the third parties with whom we work face a variety of evolving threats that could cause security incidents. We are also increasingly dependent upon sophisticated information technology systems and infrastructure in connection with the conduct of our business. We must constantly update our information technology infrastructure and our various current information technology systems may not continue to meet our current and future business needs. Furthermore, modification, upgrade or replacement of such systems may be costly. Due to the size and complexity of our information technology systems, any breakdown, interruption, corruption or unauthorized access to or cyber-attack on these systems could create system disruptions, shutdowns or unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data.
Cyber-attacks, malicious internet-based activity, online and offline fraud, and other similar activities threaten the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our sensitive data and information technology systems, and those of the third parties with whom we work. Such threats are prevalent and continue to rise, are increasingly difficult to detect, and come from a variety of sources, including traditional computer “hackers,” threat actors, “hacktivists,” organized criminal threat actors, personnel (such as through theft or misuse), sophisticated nation states, and nation-state-supported actors. Some actors now engage and are expected to continue to engage in cyber-attacks, including without limitation nation-state actors for geopolitical reasons and in conjunction with military conflicts and defense activities. During times of war and other major conflicts, we and the third parties upon which we rely may be vulnerable to a heightened risk of these attacks, including retaliatory cyber-attacks, that could materially disrupt our systems and operations, supply chain, and ability to produce, sell and distribute our products and services.
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We and the third parties with whom we work are subject to a variety of evolving threats, including but not limited to social-engineering attacks (including through deep fakes, which may be increasingly more difficult to identify as fake, and phishing attacks), malicious code (such as viruses and worms), malware (including as a result of advanced persistent threat intrusions), denial-of-service attacks, credential stuffing, credential harvesting, personnel misconduct or error, ransomware attacks, supply-chain attacks, software bugs, server malfunctions, software or hardware failures, loss of data or other information technology assets, adware, attacks enhanced or facilitated by AI, telecommunications failures, earthquakes, fires, floods, and other similar threats.
In particular, severe ransomware attacks are becoming increasingly prevalent and can lead to significant interruptions in our operations, ability to provide our products or services, loss of sensitive data and income, reputational harm, and diversion of funds. Extortion payments may alleviate the negative impact of a ransomware attack, but we may be unwilling or unable to make such payments due to, for example, applicable laws or regulations prohibiting such payments.
Remote work has become more common and has increased risks to our information technology systems and data, as more of our employees utilize network connections, computers, and devices outside our premises or network, including working at home, while in transit and in public locations. Additionally, future or past business transactions (such as acquisitions or integrations) could expose us to additional cybersecurity risks and vulnerabilities, as our systems could be negatively affected by vulnerabilities present in acquired or integrated entities’ systems and technologies. We may discover security issues that were not found during due diligence of such acquired or integrated entities, and it may be difficult to integrate companies into our information technology environment and security program.
We rely on third-party service providers and technologies to operate critical business systems that process sensitive data. Our ability to monitor these third parties’ information security practices is limited, and these third parties may not have adequate information security measures in place. If our third-party service providers experience a security incident or other interruption, we could experience adverse consequences. While we may be entitled to damages if our third-party service providers fail to satisfy their privacy or security-related obligations to us, any award may be insufficient to cover our damages, or we may be unable to recover such award.
We take steps designed to detect, mitigate, and remediate vulnerabilities in our information technology systems. We may not, however, detect and remediate all such vulnerabilities including on a timely basis. Further, we may experience delays in deploying remedial measures and patches designed to address identified vulnerabilities. Vulnerabilities could be exploited and result in a security incident.
While we have implemented security measures designed to protect our sensitive data and information technology systems and to prevent such breakdowns and unauthorized breaches and cyber-attacks, these measures may not be successful and these breakdowns and breaches in, or attacks on, our systems and data may not be prevented. Such breakdowns, breaches or attacks may cause business interruption and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and could cause the market value of our shares of common stock to decline. If we (or a third party with whom we work) experience a security incident or are perceived to have experienced a security incident, we may experience adverse consequences, such as government enforcement actions (for example, investigations, fines, penalties, audits, and inspections); additional reporting requirements and/or oversight; restrictions on processing sensitive data (including personal data); litigation (including class claims); indemnification obligations; negative publicity; reputational harm; monetary fund diversions; diversion of management attention; interruptions in our operations (including availability of data); financial damage or other loss, including fines or criminal penalties because of lost or misappropriated information.
Applicable data privacy and security obligations may require us to notify relevant stakeholders, including affected individuals, customers, regulators, and investors, of security incidents, or to implement other requirements, such as providing credit monitoring. Such disclosures and compliance with such requirements are costly, and the disclosure or the failure to comply with such requirements could lead to adverse consequences. Security incidents and attendant consequences may prevent or cause customers to stop using our services, deter new customers from using our services, and negatively impact our ability to grow and operate our business.
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We may expend significant resources or modify our business activities to try to protect against security incidents. Additionally, certain data privacy and security obligations may require us to implement and maintain specific security measures or industry-standard or reasonable security measures to protect our information technology systems and sensitive data.
Our contracts may not contain limitations of liability, and even where they do, there can be no assurance that limitations of liability in our contracts are sufficient to protect us from liabilities, damages, or claims related to our data privacy and security obligations. We cannot be sure that our insurance coverage will be adequate or sufficient to protect us from or to mitigate liabilities arising out of our privacy and security practices, that such coverage will continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all, or that such coverage will pay future claims.
Increasing attention to ESG matters may impact our business, financial results or stock price.
Companies across all industries are facing increasing scrutiny from stakeholders related to their ESG practices and disclosures, including practices and disclosures related to climate change, diversity and inclusion and governance standards. Investor advocacy groups, certain institutional investors, lenders, investment funds and other influential investors are also increasingly focused on ESG practices and disclosures and in recent years have placed increasing importance on the implications and social cost of their investments. In addition, government organizations are enhancing or advancing legal and regulatory requirements specific to ESG matters. The heightened stakeholder focus on ESG issues related to our business requires the continuous monitoring of various and evolving laws, regulations, standards and expectations and the associated reporting requirements. A failure to adequately meet stakeholder expectations may result in noncompliance, the loss of business, reputational impacts, diluted market valuation, an inability to attract customers and an inability to attract and retain top talent. In addition, our adoption of certain standards or mandated compliance to certain requirements could necessitate additional investments that could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
We may seek to grow our business through acquisitions of complementary businesses, and the failure to manage acquisitions, or the failure to integrate them with our existing business, could harm our financial condition and operating results.
From time to time, we may consider opportunities to acquire other companies, products or technologies that may enhance our manufacturing capabilities, expand the breadth of our markets or customer base, or advance our business strategies. Potential acquisitions involve numerous risks, including: problems assimilating the acquired service offerings, products or technologies; issues maintaining uniform standards, procedures, quality control and policies; unanticipated costs associated with acquisitions; diversion of management’s attention from our existing business; risks associated with entering new markets in which we have limited or no experience; increased legal and accounting costs relating to the acquisitions or compliance with regulatory matters; and unanticipated or undisclosed liabilities of any target.
We do not know if we will be able to identify acquisitions we deem suitable, whether we will be able to successfully complete any such acquisitions on favorable terms or at all, or whether we will be able to successfully integrate any acquired service offerings, products or technologies. Our potential inability to integrate any acquired service offerings, products or technologies effectively may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We, and certain of our customers may, maintain cash at financial institutions, often in balances that exceed federally-insured limits. The failure of financial institutions could adversely affect our access to our funds, our ability to pay operational expenses or make other payments, and the ability of our customers to pay us for our services.
We, and certain of our customers may, maintain cash in accounts that exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits. If such banking institutions were to fail, we and/or potentially certain of our customers could lose all or a portion of those amounts held in excess of such insurance limitations. For example, the FDIC took control of Silicon Valley Bank on March 10, 2023. Although we did not have any cash or cash equivalents at Silicon Valley Bank and the Federal Reserve subsequently announced that account holders would be made whole, the FDIC may not make all account holders whole in the event of future bank failures. In addition, even if account holders are ultimately made whole with respect to a future bank failure, account holders’ access to their accounts and assets held in their accounts may be substantially delayed. Any material loss that we and/or our customers may experience in the future or inability for a material time period to access our or their cash and cash equivalents could have an adverse effect on our ability to pay our operational expenses or make other payments, and/or our customers’ ability to pay us for services rendered (or may cause them to cancel scheduled services) which could adversely affect our business.
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Risks Related to Our Customers
The consumers of the products we manufacture for our customers may significantly influence our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We depend on, and have no control over, consumer demand for the products we manufacture for our customers. Consumer demand for our customers’ products could be adversely affected by, among other things, delays in health regulatory approval, the inability of our customers to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of their products, the loss of patent and other intellectual property rights protection, the emergence of competing or alternative products, including generic drugs and the degree to which private and government payment subsidies for a particular product offset the cost to consumers and changes in the marketing strategies for such products. Additionally, if the products we manufacture for our customers do not gain market acceptance, our revenues and profitability may be adversely affected.
Our consumers, as well as various aspects of our business, may be subject to other U.S. healthcare laws, including U.S. federal Anti-Kickback Statute, the civil False Claims Act, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”), HIPAA, as amended by Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009, and similar state and local laws and regulations. Penalties for violating these laws can be significant.
We believe that continued changes to the healthcare industry, including ongoing healthcare reform, adverse changes in government or private funding of healthcare products and services, legislation or regulations governing the privacy of patient information or patient access to care, or the delivery, pricing or reimbursement of pharmaceuticals and healthcare services or mandated benefits, may cause healthcare industry participants to purchase fewer services from us or influence the price that others are willing to pay for our services. Changes in the healthcare industry’s pricing, selling, inventory, distribution or supply policies or practices could also significantly reduce our revenue and profitability.
If production volumes of key products that we manufacture for our customers decline, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.
Our customers’ failure to receive or maintain regulatory approval for their product candidates could negatively impact our revenues and profitability.
Our success depends upon the regulatory approval of the products we manufacture. As such, if our customers experience a delay in, or a failure to receive, approval for any of their product candidates or fail to maintain regulatory approval of their products, and we are not able to manufacture these products, our revenue and profitability could be adversely affected. Additionally, if the FDA or a comparable foreign regulatory authority does not approve of our facilities for the manufacture of a customer product, or if it withdraws such approval in the future, our customers may choose to identify alternative manufacturing facilities and/or relationships, which could significantly impact our ability to expand our manufacturing capacity and capabilities and achieve profitability.
We depend on spending and demand from our customers for our contract manufacturing and development services and any reduction in spending or demand, whether due to a deterioration in macroeconomic conditions or unfavorable research and development results, could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and profitability.
The amount that our customers spend on the development and manufacture of their products or product candidates, particularly the amount our customers choose to spend on outsourcing these services to us, substantially impacts our revenue and profitability. During times of greater economic uncertainty, such as the biopharmaceutical industry is currently experiencing, our smaller customers with products in earlier stages of development tend to be much more negatively impacted due to the tightening of the access to capital. As a result, such earlier stage customers may be forced to delay or cancel our services in an effort to conserve cash which could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and profitability. In addition, the outcomes of our customers’ research, development and marketing also significantly influence the amount that our customers choose to spend on our services and offerings. Our customers determine the amounts that they will spend on our services based upon, among other things, the clinical and market success of their products, available resources and their need to develop new products which, in turn, depend upon a number of other factors, including their competitors’ research, development and product initiatives and the anticipated market for any new products, as well as clinical and reimbursement scenarios for specific products and therapeutic areas. Further, increasing consolidation in the pharmaceutical industry may impact such spending, particularly in the event that any of our customers choose to develop or acquire integrated manufacturing operations. Any reduction in customer spending on biologics development and related services as a result of these and other factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
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If we are unable to protect the confidentiality of our customers’ proprietary information, we may be subject to claims.
Many of the formulations used and processes developed by us in the manufacture of our customers’ products are subject to trade secret protection, patents or other intellectual property protections owned or licensed by such customer. While we make significant efforts to protect our customers’ proprietary and confidential information, including requiring our employees to enter into agreements protecting such information, if any of our employees breach the non-disclosure provisions in such agreements, or if our customers make claims that their proprietary information has been disclosed, our reputation may suffer damage and we may become subject to legal proceedings that could require us to incur significant expense and divert our management’s time, attention and resources.
Risks Related to the Industry in Which We Operate
Failure to comply with existing and future regulatory requirements could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our industry is highly regulated. We are required to comply with the regulatory requirements of various local, state, provincial, national and international regulatory bodies having jurisdiction in the countries or localities in which we manufacture products or in which our customers’ products are distributed. In particular, we are subject to laws and regulations concerning development, testing, manufacturing processes, equipment and facilities, including compliance with CGMPs, import and export, and product registration and listing, among other things. As a result, most of our facilities are subject to regulation by the FDA, as well as regulatory bodies of other jurisdictions where our customers have marketing approval for their products including, but not limited to, the EMA, ANVISA, PMDA, Health Canada and/or the Australian Department of Health, depending on the countries in which our customers market and sell the products we manufacture on their behalf. As we expand our operations, we may be exposed to more complex and new regulatory and administrative requirements and legal risks, any of which may require expertise in which we have little or no experience. It is possible that compliance with new regulatory requirements could impose significant compliance costs on us. Such costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
These regulatory requirements impact many aspects of our operations, including manufacturing, developing, storage, distribution, import and export and record keeping related to customers’ products. Noncompliance with any applicable regulatory requirements can result in government refusal to approve: (i) facilities for testing or manufacturing products or (ii) products for commercialization. The FDA and other regulatory agencies can delay, limit or deny approval for many reasons, including:
| · | changes to the regulatory approval process, including new data requirements for product candidates in those jurisdictions, including the United States, in which our customers may be seeking approval; | |
| · | that a customer’s product candidate may not be deemed to be safe or effective; | |
| · | the inability of the regulatory agency to provide timely responses as a result of its resource constraints; and | |
| · | that the manufacturing processes or facilities may not meet the applicable requirements. |
In addition, if new legislation or regulations are enacted or existing legislation or regulations are amended or are interpreted or enforced differently, we may be required to obtain additional approvals or operate according to different manufacturing or operating standards. This may require a change in our development and manufacturing techniques or additional capital investments in our facilities. Any related costs may be significant. If we fail to comply with applicable regulatory requirements in the future, then we may be subject to warning letters and/or civil or criminal penalties and fines, suspension or withdrawal of regulatory approvals, product recalls, seizure of products, restrictions on the import and export of our products, debarment, exclusion, disgorgement of profits, operating restrictions and criminal prosecution and the loss of contracts and resulting revenue losses. Inspections by regulatory authorities that identify any deficiencies could result in remedial actions, production stoppages or facility closure, which would disrupt the manufacturing process and supply of product to our customers. In addition, such failure to comply could expose us to contractual and product liability claims, including claims by customers for reimbursement for lost or damaged active pharmaceutical ingredients or recall or other corrective actions, the cost of which could be significant.
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In addition, products we manufacture must undergo pre-clinical and clinical evaluations relating to product safety and efficacy before they are approved as commercial therapeutic products. The regulatory authorities having jurisdiction in the countries in which our customers intend to market their products may delay or put on hold clinical trials or delay approval of a product or determine that the product is not approvable. The FDA or other regulatory agencies can delay approval of a drug if our manufacturing facility, including any newly commissioned facility, is not able to demonstrate compliance with CGMPs, pass other aspects of pre-approval inspections or properly scale up to produce commercial supplies. The FDA and comparable government authorities having jurisdiction in the countries in which we or our customers intend to market their products have the authority to withdraw product approval or suspend manufacture if there are significant problems with raw materials or supplies, quality control and assurance or the product we manufacture is adulterated or misbranded. If our manufacturing facilities and services are not in compliance with FDA and comparable government authorities, we may be unable to obtain or maintain the necessary approvals to continue manufacturing products for our customers, which would materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We operate in a highly competitive market and competition may adversely affect our business.
We operate in a market that is highly competitive. Our competition in the contract manufacturing market includes full-service contract manufacturers and large pharmaceutical companies offering third-party manufacturing services to fill their excess capacity. We may also compete with the internal operations of those pharmaceutical companies that choose to source their product offerings internally. In addition, most of our competitors may have substantially greater financial, marketing, technical or other resources than we do. Moreover, additional competition may emerge, particularly in lower-cost jurisdictions such as India, which could, among other things, result in a decrease in the fees paid for our services, which may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Common Stock
We have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, which if not remediated, could adversely affect our business.
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. Our management is likewise required, on a quarterly basis, to evaluate the effectiveness of our internal controls and to disclose any changes and material weaknesses identified through such evaluation in those internal controls. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
As described elsewhere in this Annual Report, in March 2024 we identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. As a result of this material weakness, our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of April 30, 2024. For additional detail and a discussion of management’s consideration of the material weakness identified, see Part II, Item 9A, “Controls and Procedures” included in this Annual Report.
Management, under the oversight of the audit committee of our board of directors, has implemented controls that are intended to remediate the material weakness. These controls include the initial and periodic review of covenants, acceleration clauses, events of default, and other pertinent information in our debt agreements to enable management to assess whether any of these provisions impact our financial reporting.
Any failure to maintain such internal control could adversely impact our ability to report our financial position and results from operations on a timely and accurate basis. If our financial statements are not accurate, investors may not have a complete understanding, or an inaccurate understanding, of our financial results or financial condition. Likewise, if our financial statements are not filed on a timely basis, we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the Nasdaq Stock Market, the SEC or other regulatory authorities. In either case, a material adverse effect on our business could result from ineffective internal controls. Ineffective internal controls could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our common stock.
We can give no assurance that the measures we have implemented will remediate the material weakness identified or that any additional material weaknesses or restatements of financial results will not arise in the future due to a failure to implement and maintain adequate internal control over financial reporting or circumvention of these controls. In addition, even if we are successful in strengthening our controls and procedures, in the future those controls and procedures may not be adequate to prevent or identify irregularities or errors or to facilitate the fair presentation of our financial statements.
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Our issuance of additional capital stock pursuant to our stock incentive plan, or in connection with financings, acquisitions, or otherwise will dilute the interests of other security holders and may depress the price of our common stock.
We expect to issue additional capital stock in the future that will result in dilution to all other stockholders. We expect to grant equity awards to employees, directors and consultants under our stock incentive plan. We may also raise capital through equity financings in the future. As part of our growth strategy, we may seek to acquire companies and issue equity securities to pay for any such acquisition. Any such issuances of additional capital stock may cause stockholders to experience significant dilution of their ownership interests and the per share value of our common stock to decline. Furthermore, if we issue additional equity or convertible debt securities, the new equity securities could have rights senior to those of our common stock. For example, if we elect to settle our conversion obligation under our 7.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 (“2029 Notes”) in shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, the issuance of such common stock may dilute the ownership interests of our stockholders and sales in the public market could adversely affect prevailing market prices.
The price of our common stock has been and may continue to be highly volatile and may adversely affect the liquidity of our common stock.
The market price of our common stock has generally been highly volatile and may continue to be highly volatile.
The market price of our common stock may be significantly impacted by many factors including the following:
| · | the loss of a significant customer; | |
| · | significant changes in our financial results or that of our competitors, including our ability to continue as a going concern; | |
| · | the ability to meet our revenue guidance; | |
| · | the offering and sale of shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exercisable for common stock; | |
| · | the incurrence of indebtedness and our ability to service our debt obligations; | |
| · | significant changes in our capital structure; | |
| · | published reports by securities analysts; | |
| · | actual or purported short trading activity; | |
| · | announcements of partnering transactions, joint ventures, strategic alliances, and any other transaction that involves the development, sale or use of our technologies or competitive technologies; | |
| · | regulatory developments, including possible delays in the regulatory approval of our customers’ products which we manufacture; | |
| · | outcomes of significant litigation, disputes and other legal or regulatory proceedings; | |
| · | general stock trends in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry sectors; | |
| · | public concerns as to the safety and effectiveness of the products we manufacture; | |
| · | economic trends and other external factors including, but not limited to, interest rate fluctuations, economic recession, inflation, foreign market trends, national crisis, and disasters; | |
| · | healthcare reimbursement reform and cost-containment measures implemented by government agencies; and | |
| · | our ability to meet expectations related to future growth, profitability, or other market expectations. |
These and other external factors have caused and may continue to cause the market price and demand for our common stock to fluctuate substantially, which may limit or prevent investors from readily selling their shares of our common stock, and may otherwise negatively affect the liquidity of our common stock.
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Anti-takeover provisions in our certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws, the Indenture (defined below), as well as provisions of Delaware law could prevent or delay a change in control of our company, even if such change in control would be beneficial to our stockholders.
Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws could discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or other change in control of our company, even if such change in control would be beneficial to our stockholders. These include: authorizing the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock that could be issued by our board of directors to increase the number of outstanding shares and thwart a takeover attempt; no provision for the use of cumulative voting for the election of directors; limiting the ability of stockholders to call special meetings; requiring all stockholder actions to be taken at a meeting of our stockholders (i.e. no provision for stockholder action by written consent); and establishing advance notice requirements for nominations for election to the board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at stockholder meetings.
Further, in connection with our 2029 Notes issuances, we entered into an indenture dated as of March 12, 2024 (as amended or supplemented, the “Indenture”) with U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee. Certain provisions in the Indenture could make it more difficult or more expensive for a third party to acquire us. For example, if a takeover would constitute a fundamental change, holders of the 2029 Notes will have the right to require us to repurchase their 2029 Notes in cash. In addition, if a takeover constitutes a make-whole fundamental change, we may be required to increase the conversion rate for holders who convert their 2029 Notes in connection with such takeover. In either case, and in other cases, our obligations under the 2029 Notes and the Indenture could increase the cost of acquiring us or otherwise discourage a third party from acquiring us or removing incumbent management.
In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law prohibits us, except under specified circumstances, from engaging in any mergers, significant sales of stock or assets or business combinations with any stockholder or group of stockholders who owns at least 15% of our common stock.
Our amended and restated bylaws provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees.
Our amended and restated bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to an alternative forum and except for actions arising under the Exchange Act or Securities Act, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive forum for any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers, or other employees to us or our stockholders, any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law, our certificate of incorporation or our bylaws, or any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. The choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees.
We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock, so any returns will be limited to the value of our stock.
We have never declared or paid any cash dividend on our common stock. We currently anticipate that we will retain future earnings, if any, for the development, operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. Any return to stockholders will therefore be limited to the appreciation of the trading price of our common stock.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish research reports about us, or if they issue adverse opinions about our business, our stock price and trading volume could decline.
The research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business will influence the market for our common stock. If one or more analysts who cover us issues an adverse opinion about us, our stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases research coverage of us or fails to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets which, in turn, could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline. Further, if we fail to meet the market expectations of analysts who follow our stock, our stock price likely would decline.
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Risks Related to Our Outstanding 2029 Notes
We may not have sufficient cash flow from our business to make payments on our significant debt when due, and we may incur additional indebtedness in the future.
In March 2024, we issued the 2029 Notes (see Note 3, Debt, of the notes to consolidated financial statements) in a private offering to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act. We may be required to use a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to pay interest and principal on our indebtedness. Our ability to make scheduled payments of the principal and to pay interest on or to refinance our indebtedness, including the 2029 Notes, depends on our future performance, which is subject to economic, financial, competitive and other factors beyond our control. Our business may not continue to generate cash flow from operations in the future sufficient to service our debt and make necessary capital expenditures. If we are unable to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as selling assets, restructuring debt or obtaining additional equity capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. Our ability to refinance our indebtedness will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. We may not be able to engage in any of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms, which could result in a default on our debt obligations.
In addition, we may incur substantial additional debt in the future, subject to the restrictions contained in our credit agreement with Bank of America entered into in March 2023 (see Note 3, Debt, of the notes to consolidated financial statements) and any future debt agreements, some of which may be secured debt. We are not restricted under the terms of the Indenture governing the 2029 Notes, from incurring additional debt, securing existing or future debt, recapitalizing our debt, repurchasing our stock, pledging our assets, making investments, paying dividends, guaranteeing debt or taking a number of other actions that are not limited by the terms of the Indenture governing the 2029 Notes that could have the effect of diminishing our ability to make payments on the 2029 Notes when due.
The conditional conversion feature of our 2029 Notes, if triggered, may adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.
In the event the conditional conversion feature of the 2029 Notes is triggered, holders of the 2029 Notes will be entitled to convert the notes at any time during specified periods at their option. If one or more holders elect to convert their 2029 Notes, unless we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation by delivering solely shares of our common stock (other than paying cash in lieu of delivering any fractional share), we would be required to settle a portion or all of our conversion obligation through the payment of cash, which could adversely affect our liquidity. In addition, even if holders do not elect to convert their 2029 Notes when these conversion triggers are satisfied, we could be required under applicable accounting rules to reclassify all or a portion of the outstanding principal of the 2029 Notes as a current rather than long-term liability, which would result in a material reduction of our net working capital.
Our failure to comply with the covenants under our Indenture applicable to the 2029 Notes could trigger an event of default under the Indenture and result in the 2029 Notes being declared immediately due and payable.
The Indenture applicable to the 2029 Notes includes customary covenants and sets forth certain events of default after which the 2029 Notes may be declared immediately due and payable and sets forth certain types of bankruptcy or insolvency events of default involving us after which the 2029 Notes become automatically due and payable. Events of default under the Indenture include, but are not limited to, the following:
| · | default in any payment of interest (not including additional interest (as defined in the Indenture)) on any 2029 Note when due and payable, and the default continues for a period of 30 days; | |
| · | default in the payment of principal of any 2029 Note when due and payable at its stated maturity, upon any required repurchase, upon declaration of acceleration or otherwise; | |
| · | default by us with respect to any mortgage, agreement or other instrument of ours under which there may be outstanding, or by which there may be secured or evidenced, any indebtedness for money borrowed in excess of $10.0 million (or its foreign currency equivalent) in the aggregate, (i) resulting in such indebtedness becoming or being declared due and payable or (ii) constituting a failure to pay the principal or interest of any such debt when due and payable at its stated maturity, upon required repurchase, upon declaration of acceleration or otherwise, and in the cases of clauses (i) and (ii), such acceleration shall not have been rescinded or annulled or such failure to pay or default shall not have been cured or waived, or such indebtedness is not paid or discharged, as the case may be, within 45 days of the occurrence thereof; | |
| · | certain events of our bankruptcy, insolvency, or reorganization; and | |
| · | default in the payment of additional interest on any 2029 Note when due and payable, and such default continues for a period of 30 days after written notice of such default from any holder of the 2029 Notes then outstanding has been received by us or the trustee. |
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If, following the occurrence of an event of default 100% of the principal of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, the 2029 Notes, is declared immediately due and payable we may not have sufficient funds to pay or be able to obtain additional financing to make any accelerated payments.
| Item 1B. | Unresolved Staff Comments |
Not applicable.
| ITEM 1C. | cybersecurity |
Risk Management and Strategy
We have implemented comprehensive information security processes to identify, assess, and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats to our critical computer networks, third-party hosted services, communications systems, hardware, software, and critical data, including intellectual property and confidential information (“Information Systems and Data”). Our Information Technology (“IT”) team plays a key role in identifying, assessing, and managing cybersecurity threats to our Information Systems and Data, including potential system disruptions, shutdowns, or unauthorized disclosures due to cyber-attacks.
The IT team identifies and assesses cybersecurity threats and risks by monitoring and evaluating the Company’s threat environment and risk profile using various methods including, for example: analyzing reports of threats, evaluating threats reported to us, coordinating with law enforcement concerning threats, internal and external security audits, vulnerability scanning, manual and automated detection tools, and continuous network monitoring. We have implemented a range of technical, physical, and organizational controls designed to manage and mitigate material risks from cybersecurity threats to our Information Systems and Data, such as incident detection and response policies, vulnerability management policies, disaster recovery plans, antivirus programs, authentication protocols, encryption of certain data, data segregation, asset management, tracking, and disposal, network security measures, access controls, and change management processes. We also maintain an insurance policy covering network security liability, incident response, business interruption, cyber extortion, social engineering, and computer fraud.
Our approach to managing cybersecurity risks is integrated into our overall risk management strategy. The IT team conducts risk assessments as needed and mandates periodic cybersecurity training for all employees. Additionally, we engage third-party service providers, including legal counsel, threat intelligence experts, cybersecurity services providers, and cybersecurity consultants, to enhance our risk management efforts.
We use third-party service providers to perform a variety of functions throughout our business, such as software-as-a-service (SaaS) providers and web hosting companies. We employ a vendor management program to oversee the cybersecurity practices of our third-party service providers. This includes periodic user access reviews and evaluations of System and Organization Control (“SOC”) 1 reports from certain of our SaaS vendors, focusing on their data protection measures. Depending on the sensitivity of the data and the nature of the services provided, our vendor management process involves varying levels of risk assessment and contractual cybersecurity obligations.
For a description of the risks from cybersecurity threats that may materially affect the Company and how they may do so, see our risk factors under Part 1. Item 1A. Risk Factors in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including “If our information technology systems, or those of the third parties with whom we work, or our data are or were compromised, we could experience adverse consequences resulting from such compromise, including but not limited to regulatory investigations or actions; litigation; fines and penalties; disruptions of our business operations; reputational harm; loss or revenue or profits; and other adverse consequences that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.”
Governance
Our board of directors (the “Board”) oversees our cybersecurity risk management as part of its general oversight responsibilities and specifically monitors our cybersecurity risk management processes and mitigation strategies.
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Our Vice President of IT, who has more than 25 years of experience in the IT industry, periodically briefs the Board and our audit committee on cybersecurity matters and is responsible for integrating cybersecurity risk considerations into our overall risk management strategy. Our Vice President of IT is also responsible for approving budgets, helping prepare for cybersecurity incidents, approving cybersecurity processes, and reviewing security assessments and other security-related reports.
Our cybersecurity incident response and vulnerability management processes are designed to escalate significant cybersecurity incidents to senior management depending on the circumstances, including the chief executive officer and chief financial officer, who collaborate with the incident response team to mitigate and remediate such incidents. In the event of a significant cybersecurity incident the Board is also informed as part of our incident response plan.
| Item 2. | Properties |
Our corporate offices and CDMO facilities are all located in Orange County, California. We currently lease an aggregate of approximately 213,000 square feet of office, manufacturing, laboratory and warehouse space in four buildings under three separate operating lease agreements that expire on various dates between December 2027 and May 2032. These leases contain renewal options that could extend our lease terms to between December 2037 and May 2042.
We believe that the facilities we lease are adequate to meet our current needs and that, if necessary, additional space would be available to accommodate any future growth.
| Item 3. | Legal Proceedings |
In the ordinary course of business, we are at times subject to various legal proceedings and disputes. We make provisions for liabilities when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Such provisions, if any, are reviewed at least quarterly and adjusted to reflect the impact of any settlement negotiations, judicial and administrative rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and events pertaining to a particular case. We currently are not a party to any legal proceedings, the adverse outcome of which, in management’s opinion, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
| Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures |
Not applicable.
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PART II
| Item 5. | Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters And Issuer Purchases Of Equity Securities |
Market Information
Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the trading symbol “CDMO.”
Holders of Common Stock
As of June 24, 2024, there were 609 stockholders of record.
Dividend Policy
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to declare cash dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, general business conditions, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
None.
Performance Graph
Notwithstanding any statement to the contrary in any of our previous or future filings with the SEC, the following information relating to the price performance of our common stock shall not be deemed to be “filed” with the SEC or to be “soliciting material” under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and it shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any of our filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent we specifically incorporate it by reference into such filing.
The following graph shows a comparison of five-year cumulative total shareholder return, for the Company, the NASDAQ U.S. Benchmark Pharmaceuticals TR Index and the NASDAQ U.S. Benchmark TR Index. The graph assumes a $100 investment at the beginning of the period, calculated on a dividend-reinvested basis, if any. The total return data for the comparative indexes were prepared by NASDAQ OMX Global Indexes.
COMPARISON OF FIVE-YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN
VALUE OF INVESTMENT OF $100 ON APRIL 30, 2019
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April 30, 2019 | April 30, 2020 | April 30, 2021 | April 30, 2022 | April 30, 2023 | April 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Avid Bioservices, Inc. | $ | 100.00 | $ | 127.35 | $ | 446.87 | $ | 281.00 | $ | 376.83 | $ | 159.29 | ||||||||||||
| NASDAQ U.S. Benchmark Pharmaceuticals TR Index | $ | 100.00 | $ | 110.63 | $ | 127.78 | $ | 154.95 | $ | 165.80 | $ | 187.52 | ||||||||||||
| NASDAQ U.S. Benchmark TR Index | $ | 100.00 | $ | 99.22 | $ | 149.93 | $ | 145.04 | $ | 146.87 | $ | 180.19 | ||||||||||||
| Item 6. | [reserved] |
| Item 7. | Management’s Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition And Results Of Operations |
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes thereto set forth in “Item 8—Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”. In addition to historical information, this discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors including, but not limited to, those set forth under “Item 1A—Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report.
For discussion related to changes in financial condition and our results of operations for fiscal year 2023 compared to fiscal year 2022, refer to “Part II, Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2023, which was filed with the SEC on April 24, 2024.
Overview
We are a dedicated contract development and manufacturing organization (“CDMO”) that provides a comprehensive range of services from process development to Current Good Manufacturing Practices (“CGMP”) clinical and commercial manufacturing of biologics for the biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries. With over 30 years of experience producing biologics, our services include clinical and commercial product manufacturing, bulk packaging, release and stability testing and regulatory submissions support. We also provide a variety of process development services, including upstream and downstream development and optimization, analytical methods development, cell line development, testing and characterization.
Strategic Objectives
We have a growth strategy that seeks to align with the growth of the biopharmaceutical drug substance contract services market. That strategy encompasses the following objectives:
| · | Invest in additional capacity, capabilities and resources required for us to achieve our long-term growth strategy and meet the growth-demand of our customers’ programs, moving from development through to commercial manufacturing; | |
| · | Broaden our market awareness through a diversified yet flexible marketing strategy; | |
| · | Expand our customer base and programs with existing customers for both process development and manufacturing service offerings; | |
| · | Explore and invest in strategic opportunities both within our core business as well as in adjacent and/or synergistic biologic service offerings in order to enhance and/or broaden our capabilities; and | |
| · | Increase our operating profit margin to best-in-class within our industry. |
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Fiscal Year 2024 Highlights
The following summarizes select highlights from our fiscal year ended April 30, 2024:
| · | Expanded our customer base and programs with existing customers and ended the year with a backlog of approximately $193 million; | |
| · | Entered into industry partnership with California Institute of Regenerative Medicine (“CIRM”); and | |
| · | Completed construction and launched our cell and gene therapy facility, representing the final milestone of a three-year expansion program. |
Facility Expansion
During fiscal year 2022, we announced plans to expand our CDMO service offerings into viral vector development and manufacturing services for the rapidly growing cell and gene therapy (“CGT”) market. This expansion consisted of a two-phased approach to the construction of a world-class CGT development and CGMP manufacturing facility in Orange County, California (the “CGT Facility”). In June 2022, we completed the first phase with the opening of our new analytical and process development laboratories. In October 2023, we completed the second phase with the build out of CGMP manufacturing suites, as scheduled. In January 2024, we marked the completion of our CGT facility by hosting a grand opening of the newly completed CGMP manufacturing suites.
With the completion of the CGT Facility, we estimate that the total annual revenue generating capacity of our combined facilities is now more than $400 million, depending on the mix of projects.
Performance and Financial Measures
In assessing the performance of our business, we consider a variety of performance and financial measures. The key indicators of the financial condition and operating performance of our business are revenues, gross profit, selling, general and administrative expenses, operating income (loss), interest expense, other income (expense), net, and income tax (benefit) expense.
We intend for this discussion to provide the reader with information that will assist in understanding our consolidated financial statements, the changes in certain key items in those consolidated financial statements from period to period and the primary factors that accounted for those changes.
Revenues
Revenues are derived from services provided under our customer contracts and are disaggregated into manufacturing and process development revenue streams. Manufacturing revenue generally represents revenue from the manufacturing of customer products derived from mammalian cell culture covering clinical through commercial manufacturing runs. Process development revenue generally represents revenue from services associated with the custom development of a manufacturing process and analytical methods for a customer’s product.
Gross Profit
Gross profit is equal to revenues less cost of revenues. Cost of revenues reflects the direct cost of labor, overhead and material costs. Direct labor costs primarily include compensation, benefits, recruiting fees, and stock-based compensation within the manufacturing, process and analytical development, quality assurance, quality control, validation, supply chain and facilities functions. Overhead costs primarily include the rent, common area maintenance, utilities, property taxes, security, materials and supplies, software, small equipment and deprecation costs incurred at our manufacturing and laboratory locations.
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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses are composed of corporate-level expenses, including compensation, benefits, recruiting fees and stock-based compensation of corporate functions such as executive management, finance and accounting, business development, legal, human resources, information technology, and other centralized services. SG&A expenses also include corporate legal fees, audit and accounting fees, investor relation expenses, non-employee director fees, corporate facility related expenses, and other expenses relating to our general management, administration, and business development activities.
Interest Expense
Interest expense consists of interest costs related to our outstanding convertible senior notes, revolving credit facility and finance leases, including amortization of debt issuance costs.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income (expense), net primarily consists of interest earned on our cash and cash equivalents, net of gains (losses) from the disposal of long-lived assets, unrealized loss from an investment in equity securities, and loss on extinguishment of debt.
Income Tax Expense
We are subject to taxation in the United States and various state jurisdictions in which we conduct our business. We prepare our income tax provision based on our interpretation of the income tax accounting rules and each jurisdiction’s enacted tax laws and regulations. For additional information refer to Note 8, Income Taxes, of the notes to consolidated financial statements.
Results of Operations
The following table compares the results of our operations for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
| Fiscal Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | $ Change | ||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 139,911 | $ | 149,266 | $ | (9,355 | ) | |||||
| Cost of revenues | 132,593 | 117,786 | 14,807 | |||||||||
| Gross profit | 7,318 | 31,480 | (24,162 | ) | ||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 25,996 | 27,879 | (1,883 | ) | ||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 25,996 | 27,879 | (1,883 | ) | ||||||||
| Operating income (loss) | (18,678 | ) | 3,601 | (22,279 | ) | |||||||
| Interest expense | (4,337 | ) | (3,013 | ) | (1,324 | ) | ||||||
| Other income (expense), net | (3,912 | ) | 1,002 | (4,914 | ) | |||||||
| Net income (loss) before income taxes | (26,927 | ) | 1,590 | (28,517 | ) | |||||||
| Income tax expense | 113,826 | 1,331 | 112,495 | |||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (140,753 | ) | $ | 259 | $ | (141,012 | ) | ||||
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Fiscal Year 2024 Compared to Fiscal Year 2023
Revenues
Revenues were $139.9 million in fiscal 2024, compared to $149.3 million in fiscal 2023, a decrease of approximately $9.4 million, or 6%. The year-over-year decrease in revenues can primarily be attributed to fewer manufacturing runs, a reduction in process development services primarily from early-stage programs, and a reduction of revenue for changes in estimated variable consideration under a contract where uncertainties have been resolved. The following table compares revenues by revenue stream for fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023 (in thousands):
| Fiscal Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | ||||||||||
| Manufacturing revenues | $ | 119,345 | $ | 125,416 | $ | (6,071 | ) | |||||
| Process development revenues | 20,566 | 23,850 | (3,284 | ) | ||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 139,911 | $ | 149,266 | $ | (9,355 | ) | |||||
Gross Profit
Gross profit was $7.3 million (5% gross margin) in fiscal 2024 compared to $31.5 million (21% gross margin) in fiscal 2023, a decrease of approximately $24.2 million. The year-over-year decrease in gross profit was primarily driven by fewer manufacturing runs, a reduction in process development services, and an increase in costs related to expansions of both our capacity and our technical capabilities.
Fiscal 2024 gross profit was also impacted by (i) a reduction of revenue for changes in estimated variable consideration under a contract where uncertainties have been resolved, (ii) a terminated project relating to the insolvency of one of our smaller customers, and (iii) a delay in our ability to recognize revenues of a customer product pending the implementation of a process change. In addition, the prior year included a benefit to gross profit from revenue associated with a change in variable consideration under a contract where uncertainties had been resolved.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
SG&A expenses were $26.0 million in fiscal 2024, compared to $27.9 million in fiscal 2023, a decrease of $1.9 million, or 7%. The net decrease in SG&A expenses can be attributed to the following components:
| $ in millions | ||||
| Decrease in compensation and benefit related expenses | $ | (1.6 | ) | |
| Decrease in facility and related expenses | (0.5 | ) | ||
| Decrease in consulting fees | (0.4 | ) | ||
| Increase in legal and accounting fees | 0.3 | |||
| Net increase in all other SG&A expenses | 0.3 | |||
| Total decrease in SG&A expenses | $ | (1.9 | ) | |
As a percentage of revenues, SG&A expenses for fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023 were both 19%.
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Operating Income (Loss)
Operating loss was $18.7 million for fiscal 2024, compared to operating income of $3.6 million for fiscal 2023. The year-over-year decrease in operating income (loss) can be attributed to the $24.2 million decrease in gross profit, partially offset by the $1.9 million decrease in SG&A expenses.
Interest Expense
Interest expense was $4.3 million in fiscal 2024, compared to $3.0 million in fiscal 2023. This $1.3 million increase can be attributed to interest expense of $1.2 million related to the 2029 Notes issued in March 2024 (as described in Note 3, Debt, of the notes to consolidated financial statements) combined with increases in interest expense associated with the revolving credit facility and finance leases of $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively. These were partially offset by a $0.4 million decrease in interest expense related to the 2026 Notes that were repurchased and fully paid off in March 2024 (as described in Note 3, Debt, of the notes to consolidated financial statements).
Other Income (Expense), net
Other income (expense), net (“OI&E”) was expense of $3.9 million for fiscal 2024 compared to income of $1.0 million for fiscal 2023. The $4.9 million decrease in year-over-year OI&E can primarily be attributed to a $2.8 million unrealized loss from an investment in an equity security and a $1.9 million loss on extinguishment of debt associated with the repurchase and payoff of the 2026 Notes during fiscal 2024 (as described in Note 3, Debt, of the notes to consolidated financial statements) combined with a $0.1 million increase in loss on disposal of property and equipment, and a decrease in interest income of $0.1 million.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense was $113.8 million for fiscal 2024 compared to $1.3 million for fiscal 2023. The increase in income tax expense can be attributed to the recording of a valuation allowance of $118.5 million during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024 to offset our deferred tax assets (as described in Note 8, Income Taxes, of the notes to consolidated financial statements).
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related disclosures. We review our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for our judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may vary from what we anticipate and different assumptions or estimates about the future could change our reported results. While our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 of the notes to consolidated financial statements, we believe the following accounting policies to be critical to the assumptions and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue when we transfer promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for contracts with customers we perform the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation.
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Revenue recognized from services provided under our customer contracts is disaggregated into manufacturing and process development revenue streams.
Manufacturing revenue
Manufacturing revenue generally represents revenue from the manufacturing of customer products recognized over time utilizing an input method that compares the cost of cumulative work-in-process to date to the most current estimates for the entire cost of the performance obligation. Under a manufacturing contract, a quantity of manufacturing runs is ordered at a specified scale with prescribed dates, where the product is manufactured according to the customer’s specifications and typically includes only one performance obligation. Each manufacturing run represents a distinct service that is sold separately and has stand-alone value to the customer. The products are manufactured exclusively for a specific customer and have no alternative use. The customer retains control of its product during the entire manufacturing process and can make changes to the process or specifications at its request. Under these agreements, we are entitled to consideration for progress to date that includes an element of profit margin.
Process development revenue
Process development revenue generally represents revenue from services associated with the custom development of a manufacturing process and analytical methods for a customer’s product. Process development revenue is recognized over time utilizing an input method that compares the cost of cumulative work-in-process to date to the most current estimates for the entire cost of the performance obligation. Under a process development contract, the customer owns the product details and process, which has no alternative use. These process development projects are customized to each customer to meet its specifications and typically includes only one performance obligation. Each process represents a distinct service that is sold separately and has stand-alone value to the customer. The customer also retains control of its product as the product is being created or enhanced by our services and can make changes to its process or specifications upon request. Under these agreements, we are entitled to consideration for progress to date that includes an element of profit margin.
The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivables, contract assets (unbilled receivables), and contract liabilities (customer deposits and deferred revenue). Contract assets are recorded when our right to consideration is conditioned on something other than the passage of time. Contract assets are reclassified to accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet when our rights become unconditional. Contract liabilities represent customer deposits and deferred revenue billed and/or received in advance of our fulfillment of performance obligations. Contract liabilities convert to revenue as we perform our obligations under the contract.
The transaction price for services provided under our customer contracts reflects our best estimates of the amount of consideration to which we are entitled in exchange for providing goods and services to our customers. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we allocate transaction price to each performance obligation identified in a contract on a relative standalone selling price basis. For contracts in which we receive noncash consideration, such as in the form of a customer’s equity securities, we utilize the quoted market price for such noncash consideration to determine the transaction price. We generally determine relative standalone selling prices based on the price observed in the customer contract for each distinct performance obligation. If observable standalone selling prices are not available, we may estimate the applicable standalone selling price based on the pricing of other comparable services or on a price that we believe the market is willing to pay for the applicable service.
In determining the transaction price, we also considered the different sources of variable consideration including, but not limited to, discounts, credits, refunds, price concessions or other similar items. We have included in the transaction price some or all of an amount of variable consideration, utilizing the most likely method, only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The actual amount of consideration ultimately received may differ.
In addition, our customer contracts generally include provisions entitling us to a cancellation or postponement fee when a customer cancels or postpones its commitments prior to our initiation of services, therefore not utilizing their reserved capacity. The determination of such cancellation and postponement fees are based on the terms stated in the related customer contract but are generally considered substantive for accounting purposes and create an enforceable right and obligation due to us when the cancellation or postponement occurs. Accordingly, we recognize such fees, subject to variable consideration, as revenue upon the cancellation or postponement date utilizing the most likely method.
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Management may be required to exercise judgment in estimating revenue to be recognized. Judgment is required in identifying performance obligations, estimating the transaction price, estimating the stand-alone selling prices of identified performance obligations, estimating variable consideration, and estimating the progress towards the satisfaction of performance obligations. If actual results in the future vary from our estimates, the estimates will be adjusted, which will affect revenues in the period that such variances become known.
Stock-based Compensation
We maintain equity compensation plans, which provide the ability for us to grant stock options, restricted stock units, performance stock units and other forms of stock-based awards. The estimated fair value of stock options granted to employees in exchange for services is measured at the grant date, using a fair value based method, such as a Black-Scholes option valuation model, and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods, which is generally the vesting period. The fair value of restricted stock units and performance stock units is measured at the grant date based on the closing market price of our common stock on the date of grant. For restricted stock units, the fair value is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods. For performance stock units, which are subject to performance conditions, the fair value is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods when the achievement of such performance condition is determined to be probable. If a performance condition is not determined to be probable or is not met, no stock-based compensation expense is recognized, and any previously recognized expense is reversed. Forfeitures are recognized as a reduction of stock-based compensation expense as they occur.
The use of a valuation model requires us to make certain estimates and assumptions with respect to selected model inputs. The expected volatility is based on the daily historical volatility of our common stock covering the estimated expected term. The expected term of options granted reflects actual historical exercise activity and assumptions regarding future exercise activity of unexercised, outstanding options. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury notes with terms within the contractual life of the option at the time of grant. The expected dividend yield assumption is based on our expectation of future dividend payouts. We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock and currently do not anticipate paying such cash dividends.
Valuation Allowance
We utilize the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the liability method, deferred taxes are determined based on the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Significant judgment is required by management to determine our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities, and the valuation allowance to record against our net deferred tax assets, which are based on complex and evolving tax regulation. We provide a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that our deferred tax assets will not be realized. On a periodic basis, we reassess the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets, weighing positive and negative evidence to assess the recoverability of the deferred tax assets. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024, we reassessed the valuation allowance noting the shift of negative evidence outweighing positive evidence, due to our net loss in fiscal 2024 resulting in a cumulative loss over the three-year fiscal period ended April 30, 2024. A significant contributor to this loss has been the costs associated with our strategy to expand our available capacity and add technical capabilities over this three-year period, which included an increase in incremental costs associated with increased labor, facility cost and depreciation, cumulating into a net loss in fiscal 2024.
This objective evidence also limited our ability to consider other subjective evidence such as projections for future growth. After assessing both the positive evidence and negative evidence, we determined it was more likely than not that our deferred tax assets would not be realized and therefore recorded a full valuation allowance related to federal and state deferred tax assets on April 30, 2024 (as described in Note 8, Income Taxes, of the notes to consolidated financial statements). On the basis of this evaluation, as of April 30, 2024, a valuation allowance of $118.5 million has been recorded to recognize the portion of the deferred tax asset that is more likely than not to be realized. The amount of the deferred tax asset considered realizable, however, could be adjusted in future quarters if objective positive evidence in the form of cumulative income and additional weight is given to subjective evidence such as our projections for growth.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal sources of liquidity are our existing cash and cash equivalents on hand. On February 29, 2024, a holder of at least 25% of the 1.25% exchangeable senior notes due 2026 (the “2026 Notes”) declared 100% of the principal amount of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, the 2026 Notes to be due and payable immediately (as further described in Note 3, Debt, of the notes to consolidated financial statements).
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On March 12, 2024, we completed a private offering (the “Offering”) of $160.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.00% convertible senior notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”) to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. We received net proceeds from the Offering of approximately $153.5 million, after deducting placement agent’s commissions and other debt issuance related expenses of approximately $6.5 million (as further described in Note 3, Debt, of the notes to consolidated financial statements).
Subsequent to the closing of the Offering, during March 2024, we used approximately $146.1 million of the net proceeds to (i) repurchase for cash, $141.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes in privately negotiated transactions with certain holders of the 2026 Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest of $2.3 million, and (ii) repay in full, the remaining outstanding 2026 Notes balance by depositing the required payoff amount of $2.8 million, representing principal and accrued and unpaid interest, with the trustee under the indenture for the 2026 Notes, following which no 2026 Notes remained outstanding (as further described in Note 3, Debt, of the notes to consolidated financial statements).
As of April 30, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $38.1 million. We believe that our existing cash on hand and our anticipated cash flows from operating activities will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months from the date of this Annual Report.
If our existing cash and cash equivalents on hand and our anticipated cash flows from operations are not sufficient to support our operations or capital requirements, then we may, in the future, draw on our existing revolving credit facility, which has a current maturity date of October 25, 2024 and is subject to covenant compliance and availability (as described in Note 3, Debt, of the notes to consolidated financial statements) and/or obtain additional equity or debt financing to fund our future operations. We may raise these funds at the appropriate time, accessing the form of capital that we determine is most appropriate considering the markets available to us and their respective costs of capital, such as through the issuance of debt or through the public offering of our securities. These financings may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all. Our ability to raise additional capital in the equity and debt markets is dependent on several factors including, but not limited to, the market demand for our common stock. The market demand or liquidity of our common stock is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to, our financial results, economic and market conditions, and global financial crises and economic downturns, which may cause extreme volatility and disruptions in capital and credit markets. In addition, even if we are able to raise additional capital, it may not be at a price or on terms that are favorable to us or it may contain restrictions on the operations of our business.
Cash Flows
The following table compares our cash flow activities for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
| Fiscal Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | $ Change | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | 10,952 | $ | (12,722 | ) | $ | 23,674 | |||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | $ | (31,805 | ) | $ | (77,803 | ) | $ | 45,998 | ||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | $ | 20,067 | $ | 2,901 | $ | 17,166 | ||||||
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities during fiscal 2024 was a result of a net loss of $140.8 million, offset by non-cash adjustments to net loss of $138.3 million and an increase in working capital as a result of a net change in operating assets and liabilities of $13.4 million. The fiscal 2024 non-cash adjustments to net loss were primarily related to deferred income taxes associated with the recording of $118.5 million valuation allowance during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024 to offset our deferred tax assets, combined with non-cash adjustments associated with depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation, amortization of debt issuance costs, and loss on extinguishment of debt associated with our 2026 Notes.
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Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities during fiscal 2024 consisted of $31.8 million used to acquire property and equipment primarily related to the expansion of our facilities.
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities during fiscal 2024 consisted of $154.3 million in net proceeds from the issuance of the 2029 Notes, $7.4 million in proceeds from an equipment finance lease, $1.4 million in net proceeds from the issuance of common stock under our equity compensation plans and $1.3 million in net proceeds from the unwinding of Capped Calls, which were partially offset by $143.8 million used to repurchase and/or payoff of the 2026 Notes and $0.6 million in principal payments on finance leases.
Cash Requirements
Our material cash requirements include the following contractual and other obligations.
Convertible Senior Notes Due 2029
In March 2024, we completed the Offering of $160.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2029 Notes. We received net proceeds from the Offering of approximately $153.5 million, after deducting placement agent’s commissions and other debt issuance related expenses of approximately $6.5 million.
The 2029 Notes are senior unsecured obligations and accrue interest at a rate of 7.00% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, beginning on September 1, 2024. The 2029 Notes mature on March 1, 2029, unless earlier repurchased by us or converted at the option of the holders. The 2029 Notes are convertible into cash, shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our election in the manner and subject to the terms and conditions provided in the indenture governing the 2029 Notes.
We may not redeem the 2029 Notes prior to the March 1, 2029 maturity date. For additional information regarding the 2029 Notes, see Note 3, Debt, of the notes to consolidated financial statements.
Leases
We lease certain office, manufacturing, laboratory, and warehouse space located in Orange County, California under operating lease agreements. Our leased facilities have original lease terms ranging from 7 to 12 years, contain multi-year renewal options, and scheduled rent increases of 3% on either an annual or biennial basis. We also lease certain manufacturing equipment under finance lease agreements that have lease terms ranging from 5 to 7 years. As of April 30, 2024, we had outstanding lease payment obligations of approximately $83.2 million, of which $6.0 million is payable in fiscal 2025, $6.1 million is payable in fiscal 2026, $6.0 million is payable in fiscal 2027, $5.4 million is payable in fiscal 2028, $5.5 million is payable in fiscal 2029, and $54.2 million is payable thereafter.
Capital Expenditures
We currently anticipate that cash required for capital expenditures during fiscal 2025 is between $3 million and $5 million, which includes accrued and unpaid capital expenditures of approximately $2 million as of April 30, 2024.
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Revolving Credit Facility
In March 2023, we entered into a credit agreement with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and letter of credit issuer, which was subsequently amended on October 27, 2023 and March 12, 2024 (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provides for a revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) $50 million, and (ii) a borrowing base calculated as the sum of (a) 80% of the value of certain of our eligible accounts receivable, plus (b) up to 100% of the value of eligible cash collateral. The Revolving Credit Facility will mature on October 25, 2024 and is secured by substantially all of our assets. As of April 30, 2024, there were no outstanding loans under the Revolving Credit Facility.
Loans under the Revolving Credit Facility will bear interest at either (1) a term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) rate for a specified interest period plus a SOFR adjustment (equal to 0.10%) plus a margin of 1.60% or (2) base rate plus a margin of 0.60% at our option. Interest on any outstanding loans is due and payable monthly and the principal balance is due at maturity. In addition, we pay a quarterly unused revolving line facility fee of 0.25% per annum on the average unused facility.
The Credit Agreement includes certain customary affirmative and negative covenants, including limitations on mergers, consolidations and sales of assets, limitations on liens, limitations on certain restricted payments and investments, limitations on transactions with affiliates and limitations on incurring additional indebtedness. In addition, the Credit Agreement requires maintenance of a minimum consolidated EBITDA, as defined in the Credit Agreement, of $15 million for the most recently completed four (4) fiscal quarters as measured at the end of each fiscal quarter. As of April 30, 2024, we were in compliance with the Credit Agreement’s financial covenant.
The Credit Agreement also provides for certain customary events of defaults, including, among others, failure to make payments, breach of representations and warranties, and default of covenants. For additional information regarding our Credit Agreement, see Note 3, Debt, of the notes to consolidated financial statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
For a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements applicable to us, see Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the notes to consolidated financial statements.
| Item 7A. | Quantitative And Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
Our cash and cash equivalents are primarily invested in money market funds with two major commercial banks with the primary objective to preserve our principal balance. Our deposits held with these banks exceed the amount of government insurance limits provided on our deposits and, therefore, we are exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the major commercial banks holding our cash balances. However, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand. In addition, while changes in U.S. interest rates would affect the interest earned on our cash balances at April 30, 2024, such changes would not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations, based on historical movements in interest rates.
Our 2029 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 7.00% per year and therefore would not be affected by changes in U.S. interest rates.
Loans under our Revolving Credit Facility will bear interest at either (1) a term SOFR rate for a specified interest period plus a SOFR adjustment (equal to 0.10%) plus a margin of 1.60% or (2) base rate plus a margin of 0.60% at our option. As of April 30, 2024, we had no loans outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility.
| 37 |
| Item 8. | Financial Statements And Supplementary Data |
| 38 |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Avid Bioservices, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Avid Bioservices, Inc. (the Company) as of April 30, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss), stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2024, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at April 30, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2024, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), and our report dated July 2, 2024 expressed an adverse opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
| 39 |
| Estimated costs at completion for projects | ||
| Description of the Matter |
|
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s revenue was $139.9 million for the year ended April 30, 2024, including manufacturing and process development revenues which are primarily recognized over time utilizing an input method that compares the cost of cumulative work in process to date to the most current estimates for the entire cost of the performance obligation.
Revenue is significant to our audit because the revenue recognition assessment process involves inherent uncertainty, uses subjective assumptions, and the amounts involved are material to the consolidated financial statements taken as a whole. The subjective assumptions relate to the estimated total costs expected to be incurred for each customer. |
| How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit |
|
We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of controls over the Company’s revenue review process including controls over management’s review of the estimated total costs at completion. For example, we tested controls over the Company’s development and monitoring of the total estimated costs and of the review of the significant estimates and assumptions by management as revenue is recognized over time.
To test revenue recognized, we performed audit procedures that included, among others, testing the assumptions and underlying data used by the Company in its computations and testing the accuracy of the computations. We inspected evidence supporting the amount of actual costs incurred. We performed corroborative inquiries of individuals outside of the accounting department to assess the reasonableness of management’s estimated total costs to understand the progress to date. We performed sensitivity analyses, including assessing the reasonableness of the estimated total costs to be incurred based on similar completed contracts. In addition, we performed hindsight analyses of revenues recognized by comparing prior cost estimates to actual costs incurred to evaluate the historical accuracy of management estimates. |
/s/
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1999.
July 2, 2024
| 40 |
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except par value)
April 30, 2024 | April 30, 2023 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ||||||||
| Contract assets | ||||||||
| Inventory | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ||||||||
| Total current assets | ||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | ||||||||
| Deferred tax assets | ||||||||
| Other assets | ||||||||
| Restricted cash | ||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accrued compensation and benefits | ||||||||
| Contract liabilities | ||||||||
| Convertible senior notes, net | ||||||||
| Current portion of operating lease liabilities | ||||||||
| Other current liabilities | ||||||||
| Total current liabilities | ||||||||
| Convertible senior notes, net | ||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, less current portion | ||||||||
| Finance lease liabilities, less current portion | ||||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities | ||||||||
| Total liabilities | ||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity: | ||||||||
| Preferred stock, $ par value; shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding at respective dates | ||||||||
| Common stock, $ par value; shares authorized; and shares issued and outstanding at respective dates | ||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | ||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | $ | ||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
| 41 |
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS) AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in thousands, except per share information)
| Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Cost of revenues | ||||||||||||
Gross profit | ||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | ||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | ||||||||||||
| Operating income (loss) | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Interest expense | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other income (expense), net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Net income (loss) before income taxes | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Income tax (benefit) expense | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||
| Net income (loss) per share: | ||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||
| Diluted | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding: | ||||||||||||
| Basic | ||||||||||||
| Diluted | ||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
| 42 |
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands)
| Common Stock | Additional | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Paid-In Capital | Accumulated Deficit | Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||
| Balances at April 30, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Cumulative-effect adjustment from modified retrospective adoption of ASU 2020-06 | – | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued under equity compensation plans | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | – | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | – | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at April 30, 2022 | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued under equity compensation plans | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | – | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | – | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at April 30, 2023 | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Unwinding of capped calls related to repurchase of convertible senior notes due 2026 | – | |||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued under equity compensation plans | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | – | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | – | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Balances at April 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
| 43 |
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | ||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | ||||||||||||
| Amortization of debt issuance costs | ||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Loss on extinguishment of convertible senior notes due 2026 | ||||||||||||
| Loss on disposal and/or impairment of property and equipment | ||||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Contract assets | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Inventory | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accounts payable | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Accrued compensation and benefits | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Contract liabilities | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Other accrued expenses and liabilities | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||||||
| Purchase of property and equipment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes due 2029, net | ||||||||||||
| Repurchase and/or payoff of convertible senior notes due 2026 | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Proceeds from unwinding of capped calls related to repurchase of convertible senior notes due 2026 | ||||||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of common stock under equity compensation plans | ||||||||||||
| Proceeds from finance lease | ||||||||||||
| Principal payments on finance leases | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | ||||||||||||
| Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | ||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | ||||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Cash paid for income taxes | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities: | ||||||||||||
| Unpaid purchases of property and equipment | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Unpaid issuance costs associated with convertible senior notes due 2029 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
| 44 |
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1 – Description of Company and Basis of Presentation
We are a dedicated contract development and manufacturing organization (“CDMO”) that provides a comprehensive range of services from process development to Current Good Manufacturing Practices (“CGMP”) clinical and commercial manufacturing of biologics for the biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries.
Except where specifically noted or the context otherwise requires, references to “Avid,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our,” in this Annual Report refer to Avid Bioservices, Inc. and its subsidiary.
Basis of Presentation and Preparation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and include our accounts and those of our subsidiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions among the consolidated entities have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Management’s estimates are based on historical information available as of the date of the consolidated financial statements and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Accounting estimates and judgments are inherently uncertain and actual results could differ materially from these estimates.
Segment Reporting
Our business operates in one operating segment, our contract manufacturing and development services segment. Accordingly, we reported our financial results for one reportable segment. All our identifiable assets are in the United States.
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all short-term investments readily convertible to cash, without notice or penalty, with an initial maturity of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents.
Restricted Cash
Under the terms of an operating
lease for office space that expired in August 2023, we were required to maintain a letter of credit as collateral during the term of the
lease. As of April 30, 2024 and 2023, we had
| 45 |
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands):
| As of April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Restricted cash | ||||||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue in accordance with the authoritative guidance of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Under ASC 606, we recognize revenue when we transfer promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for contracts with customers, we perform the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation.
Revenue recognized from services provided under our customer contracts is disaggregated into manufacturing and process development revenue streams.
Manufacturing revenue
Manufacturing revenue generally represents revenue from the manufacturing of customer products recognized over time utilizing an input method that compares the cost of cumulative work-in-process to date to the most current estimates for the entire cost of the performance obligation. Under a manufacturing contract, a quantity of manufacturing runs is ordered at a specified scale with prescribed dates, where the product is manufactured according to the customer’s specifications and typically includes only one performance obligation. Each manufacturing run represents a distinct service that is sold separately and has stand-alone value to the customer. The products are manufactured exclusively for a specific customer and have no alternative use. The customer retains control of its product during the entire manufacturing process and can make changes to the process or specifications at its request. Under these agreements, we are entitled to consideration for progress to date that includes an element of profit margin.
Process development revenue
Process development revenue generally represents revenue from services associated with the custom development of a manufacturing process and analytical methods for a customer’s product. Process development revenue is recognized over time utilizing an input method that compares the cost of cumulative work-in-process to date to the most current estimates for the entire cost of the performance obligation. Under a process development contract, the customer owns the product details and process, which has no alternative use. These process development projects are customized to each customer to meet its specifications and typically includes only one performance obligation. Each process represents a distinct service that is sold separately and has stand-alone value to the customer. The customer also retains control of its product as the product is being created or enhanced by our services and can make changes to its process or specifications upon request. Under these agreements, we are entitled to consideration for progress to date that includes an element of profit margin.
| 46 |
The following table summarizes our revenue streams (in thousands):
| Fiscal Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Manufacturing revenues | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Process development revenues | ||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable, contract assets (unbilled receivables), and contract liabilities (customer deposits and deferred revenue). Contract assets are recorded when our right to consideration is conditioned on something other than the passage of time. Contract assets are reclassified to accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet when our rights become unconditional. Contract liabilities represent customer deposits and deferred revenue billed and/or received in advance of our fulfillment of performance obligations. Contract liabilities convert to revenue as we perform our obligations under the contract.
During the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024 and
2023, we recognized revenue of $
The transaction price for services provided under our customer contracts reflects our best estimates of the amount of consideration to which we are entitled in exchange for providing goods and services to our customers. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we allocate transaction price to each performance obligation identified in a contract on a relative standalone selling price basis. For contracts in which we receive noncash consideration, such as in the form of a customer’s equity securities, we utilize the quoted market price for such noncash consideration to determine the transaction price. We generally determine relative standalone selling prices based on the price observed in the customer contract for each distinct performance obligation. If observable standalone selling prices are not available, we may estimate the applicable standalone selling price based on the pricing of other comparable services or on a price that we believe the market is willing to pay for the applicable service.
In determining the transaction price, we also considered the different sources of variable consideration including, but not limited to, discounts, credits, refunds, price concessions or other similar items. We have included in the transaction price some or all of an amount of variable consideration, utilizing the most likely method, only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The actual amount of consideration ultimately received may differ.
In addition, our customer contracts generally include provisions entitling us to a cancellation or postponement fee when a customer cancels or postpones its commitments prior to our initiation of services, therefore not utilizing their reserved capacity. The determination of such cancellation and postponement fees are based on the terms stated in the related customer contract but are generally considered substantive for accounting purposes and create an enforceable right and obligation due to us when the cancellation or postponement occurs. Accordingly, we recognize such fees, subject to variable consideration, as revenue upon the cancellation or postponement date utilizing the most likely method.
Management may be required to exercise judgement in estimating revenue to be recognized. Judgement is required in identifying performance obligations, estimating the transaction price, estimating the stand-alone selling prices of identified performance obligations, estimating variable consideration, and estimating the progress towards the satisfaction of performance obligations. If actual results in the future vary from our estimates, the estimates will be adjusted, which will affect revenues in the period that such variances become known.
| 47 |
During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2024, changes
in estimates for variable consideration resulted in a decrease in revenues of $
We apply the practical expedient available under ASC 606 that permits us not to disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. As of April 30, 2024, we do not have any unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts greater than one year.
Costs incurred to obtain a contract are not material. These costs are generally employee sales commissions, which are expensed as incurred and included in selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss).
Accounts Receivable, Net
Accounts receivable is primarily comprised of amounts owed to us for services provided under our customer contracts and are recorded at the invoiced amount net of an allowance for doubtful accounts, if necessary. We apply judgment in assessing the ultimate realization of our receivables, that includes an assessment of expected credit losses, and we estimate our allowance for doubtful accounts based on various factors, including our historical collection experience, aging of our customer receivable balances, current and future economic market conditions, and the financial condition of our customers.
Based on our analysis of our accounts receivable
balance as of April 30, 2024 and 2023, we determined an allowance for doubtful accounts of $
Concentrations of Credit Risk and Customer Base
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, net and contract assets. As of April 30, 2024 and 2023, we maintain our cash balances primarily with two major commercial banks and our deposits held with both banks exceed the amount of government insurance limits provided on our deposits. We are exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the major commercial banks holding our cash balances to the extent of the cash amounts recorded on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets exceed the amount of government insurance limits provided on our deposits.
Our accounts receivable from amounts billed for services provided under customer contracts are derived from a limited number of customers. Most customer contracts require up-front payments and installment payments during the service period. We perform periodic evaluations of the financial condition of our customers and generally do not require collateral, but we can terminate any contract if a material default occurs. At April 30, 2024 and 2023, approximately 67% and 76%, respectively, of our accounts receivable, net were due from our top ten customers.
Our revenues are derived from a limited number of customers. Historically, these customers have not entered into long-term contracts because their need for drug supply depends on a variety of factors, including a product’s stage of development, the timing of regulatory filings and approvals, the product needs of their collaborators, if applicable, their financial resources and the market demand with respect to a commercial product.
| 48 |
The table below identifies each of our customers that accounted for 10% or more of our total revenues during any of the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022:
| Customer | Geographic Location | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. (1) | U.S. | |||||||||||||
| Coherus BioSciences, Inc. | U.S. | * | * | |||||||||||
| IGM Biosciences, Inc. | U.S. | * | * | |||||||||||
______________
| (1) | ||
| * | Represents a percentage less than 10% of our total revenues. |
We attribute revenue to the individual countries
where the customer is headquartered. Revenues derived from U.S. based companies were approximately
Leases
We account for our leases in accordance with the authoritative guidance of ASC 842, Leases. We determine if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. Our operating leases with a term greater than one year are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, operating lease liabilities and operating lease liabilities, less current portion in our consolidated balance sheets. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date, based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. In determining the net present value of lease payments, we use our incremental borrowing rate which represents an estimated rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow equivalent funds on a collateralized basis at the lease commencement date.
Our operating leases may include options to extend the lease which are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise a renewal option. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term.
Our finance leases with a term greater than one year are included as assets within property and equipment, net and a lease liability equal to the present value of the minimum lease payments is included in other current liabilities and finance lease liabilities, less current portion in our consolidated balance sheets. The present value of the finance lease payments is calculated using the implicit interest rate in the lease. Finance lease ROU assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected useful life of the asset and the carrying amount of the lease liability is adjusted to reflect interest, which is recorded as interest expense.
Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on our consolidated balance sheets and lease expense for these short-term leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We have also elected the practical expedient to not separate lease components from non-lease components.
Inventory
Inventory consists of raw materials inventory and is valued at the lower of cost, determined by the first-in, first-out method, or net realizable value. We periodically review raw materials inventory for potential impairment and adjust inventory to its net realizable value based on the estimate of future use and reduce the carrying value of inventory as deemed necessary.
| 49 |
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related asset, which are generally as follows:
| Description | Estimated Useful Life | |
| Leasehold improvements | ||
| Laboratory and manufacturing equipment | ||
| Computer equipment and software | ||
| Furniture, fixtures and office equipment |
Costs for property and equipment
not yet placed into service have been capitalized as construction-in-progress. These costs are primarily related to equipment and leasehold
improvements associated with our manufacturing facilities and will be depreciated in accordance with the above guidelines once placed
into service. Interest costs incurred during construction of major capital projects are capitalized as construction-in-progress until
the underlying asset is ready for its intended use, at which point the interest costs are amortized as depreciation expense over the
life of the underlying asset. Interest capitalized as construction-in-progress for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, was
$
| April 30, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Leasehold improvements | $ | $ | ||||||
| Laboratory and manufacturing equipment | ||||||||
| Computer equipment and software | ||||||||
| Furniture, fixtures and office equipment | ||||||||
| Construction-in-progress | ||||||||
| Total property and equipment, gross | ||||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total property and equipment, net | $ | $ | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization
expense for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $
Capitalized Software Implementation Costs
We capitalize certain implementation costs incurred under cloud computing hosting arrangements. Costs incurred during the application development stage related to the implementation of the hosting arrangement are capitalized and included within other assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of capitalized implementation costs is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the associated hosting arrangement when it is ready for its intended use. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post-implementation activities are expensed as incurred.
| 50 |
Impairment
Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment
in accordance with authoritative guidance for impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. Long-lived assets are reviewed for events or
changes in circumstances that indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. If such events or changes in circumstances arise,
we compare the carrying amount of the long-lived assets to the estimated future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the
long-lived assets. If the long-lived assets are determined to be impaired, any excess of the carrying value of the long-lived assets over
its estimated fair value is recognized as an impairment loss. For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024 and 2022, there were
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, net, other current assets related to investments in equity securities, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair values due to their short-term maturities.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The guidance prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value into the following hierarchy:
| · | Level 1 – Observable inputs, such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. |
| · | Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as assets or liabilities whose values are based on quoted market prices in markets where trading occurs infrequently or whose values are based on quoted prices of instruments with similar attributes in active markets. |
| · | Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and significant to the overall fair value measurement of the assets or liabilities; therefore requiring the company to develop its own valuation techniques and assumptions. |
As of April 30, 2024 and 2023,
our Level 1 financial assets consisted of our cash equivalents invested in money market funds of $
We consider the fair value of our convertible senior notes to be a Level 2 financial liability due to limited trading activity of the convertible senior notes (Note 3). We did not have any other Level 2 or Level 3 financial liabilities as of April 30, 2024 and 2023.
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We account for stock options, restricted stock units, performance stock units and other stock-based awards granted under our equity compensation plans in accordance with the authoritative guidance of ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. The estimated fair value of stock options granted to employees in exchange for services is measured at the grant date, using a fair value based method, such as a Black-Scholes option valuation model, and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods. The fair value of restricted stock units and performance stock units is measured at the grant date based on the closing market price of our common stock on the date of grant. For restricted stock units, the fair value is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods. For performance stock units, which are subject to performance conditions, the fair value is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods when the achievement of such performance condition is determined to be probable. If a performance condition is not determined to be probable or is not met, no stock-based compensation expense is recognized, and any previously recognized expense is reversed. Forfeitures are recognized as a reduction of stock-based compensation expense as they occur.
Debt Issuance Costs
Debt issuance costs related to convertible senior notes are recorded as a deduction that is netted against the principal value of the debt and are amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the debt other than when new convertible senior notes are considered a modification of convertible senior notes for the same creditor, then the debt issuance costs are expenses as incurred (Note 3).
Debt issuance costs related to the revolving credit facility are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheet and are amortized to interest expense over the contractual term of the revolving credit facility (Note 3).
Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and
included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss).
For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, advertising costs were $
Income Taxes
We utilize the liability method of
accounting for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Under the liability method,
deferred taxes are determined based on the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and
are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or
settled. We provide a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that our deferred tax assets will not be realized. On a
periodic basis, we reassess the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets, weighing positive and negative evidence to assess
the recoverability of the deferred tax assets. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024, we reassessed the valuation allowance noting the shift of negative evidence
outweighing positive evidence, due to our cumulative loss incurred over the three-year period ended April 30, 2024. This objective evidence
also limited our ability to consider other subjective evidence such as projections for future growth. After assessing both the positive
evidence and negative evidence, we determined it was more likely than not that our deferred tax assets would not be realized and therefore
recorded a full valuation allowance related to federal and state deferred tax assets on April 30, 2024, resulting in income tax expense
of $
We are required to file federal and state income tax returns in various jurisdictions. The preparation of these returns requires us to interpret the applicable tax laws in effect in such jurisdictions, which could affect the amount paid by us.
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Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Comprehensive income (loss) is the change in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. Comprehensive income (loss) is equal to our net income (loss) for all periods presented.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standard
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses of Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). The standard amends the impairment model by requiring entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments. We adopted ASU 2016-13 on May 1, 2023, and the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”). The standard is intended to improve annual and interim reportable segment disclosure requirements regardless of the number of reporting units, primarily through enhanced disclosure of significant expenses. The amendment requires public entities to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the CODM and included with each reported measure of segment profit and loss. ASU 2023-07 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, which will be our fiscal year 2025 beginning May 1, 2024, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, which will be our fiscal year 2026 beginning May 1, 2025. Early adoption is permitted and the amendments in this update should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2023-07 will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). The standard requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as additional information on income taxes paid, among other enhancements to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, which will be our fiscal year 2026 beginning May 1, 2025; however, early adoption is permitted. ASU 2023-09 should be applied on a prospective basis, but retrospective application is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
Note 3 – Debt
Convertible Senior Notes Due 2029
On March 12, 2024, we completed a private offering
(the “Offering”) of $
Subsequent to the closing of the Offering, during
March 2024, we used approximately $
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As a result of the repurchase and payoff of the
2026 Notes, we recognized a $
The 2029 Notes are senior unsecured obligations
and accrue interest at a rate of
The initial conversion rate for the 2029 Notes is approximately 101.1250 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $9.89 per share of our common stock. The conversion rate is subject to adjustments upon the occurrence of certain events in accordance with the terms of the 2029 Notes Indenture. In addition, following certain corporate events that occur prior to the maturity date, we will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert their 2029 Notes in connection with such a fundamental change, as defined in the 2029 Notes Indenture.
Holders of the 2029 Notes may convert their 2029 Notes at their option at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding September 1, 2028, only under the following circumstances: (1) during any fiscal quarter commencing after the fiscal quarter ending July 31, 2024 (and only during such fiscal quarter), if the last reported sale price of our common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price for the 2029 Notes on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price (as defined in the 2029 Notes Indenture) per $1,000 principal amount of the 2029 Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; or (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events as described in the 2029 Notes Indenture.
On or after September 1, 2028 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders at their option may convert all or any portion of their 2029 Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. We may not redeem the 2029 Notes prior to the March 1, 2029 maturity date.
If we undergo a fundamental change (as defined in the 2029 Notes Indenture), holders may require us to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their 2029 Notes at a fundamental change repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2029 Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding the fundamental change repurchase date.
The 2029 Notes Indenture includes customary terms and covenants, including that upon certain events of default occurring and continuing, if we fail to comply with any of our other agreements contained in the 2029 Notes or the 2029 Notes Indenture for 60 days after receipt of written notice of such failure from the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding 2029 Notes may declare the entire principal of all the 2029 Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest to be immediately due and payable.
As of April 30, 2024, the conditions allowing holders of the 2029 Notes to convert had not been met and, therefore, the 2029 Notes are classified as a long-term liability on the consolidated balance sheet at April 30, 2024.
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Convertible Senior Notes Due 2026
In March 2021, we issued $
The 2026 Notes are senior unsecured obligations
and accrue interest at a rate of
The initial conversion rate for the 2026 Notes is approximately 47.1403 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $21.21 per share of our common stock. The conversion rate is subject to adjustments upon the occurrence of certain events in accordance with the terms of the 2026 Notes Indenture. In addition, following certain corporate events that occur prior to the maturity date, we will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert their 2026 Notes in connection with such a fundamental change, as defined in the 2026 Notes Indenture.
Holders of the 2026 Notes may convert their 2026 Notes at their option at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding September 15, 2025, only under the following circumstances: (1) during any fiscal quarter commencing after the fiscal quarter ending July 31, 2021, if the last reported sale price of our common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price (as defined in the 2026 Notes Indenture) per $1,000 principal amount of the 2026 Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the exchange rate on each such trading day; (3) if we call any or all of the 2026 Notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the redemption date; and (4) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events as described in the Indenture.
On or after September 15, 2025 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders at their option may convert their 2026 Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.
We may not redeem the 2026 Notes prior to March 20, 2024. On or after March 20, 2024, the 2026 Notes are redeemable for cash, whole or in part, at our option, if the last reported sale price of our common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of redemption at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.
If we undergo a fundamental change (as defined in the 2026 Notes Indenture), holders may require us to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their 2026 Notes at a fundamental change repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2026 Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding the redemption date.
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The 2026 Notes Indenture contains customary terms and covenants, including that upon certain events of default occurring and continuing, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding 2026 Notes may declare the entire principal of all the 2026 Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest to be immediately due and payable.
On February 29, 2024, we received an acceleration
notice (the “Acceleration Notice”) from a holder of our 2026 Notes. The Acceleration Notice stipulated, among other things,
that (i) we did not remove the restrictive legend on the 2026 Notes by March 17, 2022 as required under the 2026 Notes Indenture, (ii)
due to such failure, additional interest had accrued thereafter at a rate of
Furthermore, due to the Event of Default, conditions allowing the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding 2026 Notes to declare the entire principal of the outstanding 2026 Notes to be immediately due and payable had been met as of October 15, 2022 and, therefore, the 2026 Notes are classified as a current liability on the consolidated balance sheet at April 30, 2023.
Subsequent to the closing of the Offering described above, during March 2024, we repurchased and paid off the remaining balance of the 2026 Notes.
On May 1, 2021, we elected to early adopt ASU 2020-06 using the modified retrospective transition method. The adoption of ASU 2020-06 resulted in the re-combination of the debt and equity components of the 2026 Notes into a single debt instrument, which resulted in a $42.4 million decrease in additional paid-in capital from the derecognition of the bifurcated equity component, a $41.6 million increase in convertible senior notes, net from the derecognition of the discount associated with the bifurcated equity component, or debt discount, and $0.8 million decrease to the May 1, 2021 opening balance of accumulated deficit, representing the cumulative non-cash interest expense recognized related to the amortization of the debt discount associated with the bifurcated equity component of the 2026 Notes. Additionally, we derecognized the allocation of the issuance costs to the equity component and all issuance costs related to the 2026 Notes are being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the 2026 Notes which is included in the cumulative adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit in the consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2022.
Capped Call Transactions
In connection with the issuance of the 2026 Notes,
we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (the “Capped Calls”) with certain financial institution counterparties. We used $
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We evaluated the Capped Calls under ASC 815-10 and determined that they should be accounted for as a separate transaction from the 2026 Notes and that the Capped Calls met the criteria for equity classification. Therefore, the cost of $12.8 million to purchase the Capped Calls was recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital. The Capped Calls will not be subsequently remeasured as long as the conditions for equity classification continue to be met. During fiscal years 2023 and 2022, there were no conversions of our 2026 Notes, and therefore, there was no activity with respect to the Capped Calls.
As described above, during March 2024, in connection
with our repurchase and payoff of the remaining balance of the 2026 Notes we entered into transactions to unwind all of our Capped Calls.
As a result, during March 2024, we received $
Net Carrying Amount of Convertible Notes
The net carrying amount of our 2029 Notes and 2026 Notes (collectively, the “Convertible Notes”) were as follows (in thousands):
| April 30, 2024 | April 30, 2023 | |||||||
| Principal amount | ||||||||
| 2029 Notes | $ | $ | ||||||
| 2026 Notes | ||||||||
| Total principal amount | $ | $ | ||||||
| Unamortized issuance costs | ||||||||
| 2029 Notes | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
| 2026 Notes | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total unamortized issuance costs | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Net carrying amount | ||||||||
| 2029 Notes | $ | $ | ||||||
| 2026 Notes | ||||||||
| Total net carrying amount | $ | $ | ||||||
As of April 30, 2024 and 2023, the estimated fair
value of the 2029 Notes and the 2026 Notes, respectively, was approximately, $
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The following table summarizes the components of interest expense and the effective interest rates for our Convertible Notes (in thousands):
| Fiscal Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Contractual interest | ||||||||||||
| 2029 Notes | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| 2026 Notes | ||||||||||||
| Total contractual interest | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Amortization of issuance costs | ||||||||||||
| 2029 Notes | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| 2026 Notes | ||||||||||||
| Total amortization of issuance costs | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Interest expense | ||||||||||||
| 2029 Notes | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| 2026 Notes | ||||||||||||
| Total interest expense associated with Convertible Notes | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Effective interest rates | ||||||||||||
| 2029 Notes | ||||||||||||
| 2026 Notes | ||||||||||||
Revolving Credit Facility
On March 14, 2023, we entered into a credit agreement
with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and letter of credit issuer, which was subsequently amended on October 27, 2023 (as
amended, the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provides for a revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit
Facility”) in an amount equal to the lesser of
As a result of the Event of Default associated with the 2026 Notes, such occurrence resulted in a cross-default under our Credit Agreement. On March 12, 2024, we entered into Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement which, among other things, (i) waives the events of default under the Credit Agreement as a result of the acceleration of our 2026 Notes, (ii) permits the issuance of our 2029 Notes and the repayment of our 2026 Notes and (iii) adjusts the financial covenant in the Credit Agreement.
Loans under the Revolving Credit Facility will
bear interest at either
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The Credit Agreement includes certain customary
affirmative and negative covenants, including limitations on mergers, consolidations and sales of assets, limitations on liens, limitations
on certain restricted payments and investments, limitations on transactions with affiliates and limitations on incurring additional indebtedness.
In addition, the Credit Agreement requires maintenance of a minimum consolidated EBITDA, as defined in the Credit Agreement, of $
The Credit Agreement also provides for certain customary events of defaults, including, among others, failure to make payments, breach of representations and warranties, and default of covenants.
Note 4 – Leases
We lease certain office, manufacturing, laboratory and warehouse space located in Orange County, California under operating lease agreements. Our leased facilities have original lease terms ranging from 7 to 12 years, contain multi-year renewal options, and scheduled rent increases of 3% on either an annual or biennial basis. Multi-year renewal options were included in determining the right-of-use asset and lease liability for each of our leases as we considered it reasonably certain that we would exercise such renewal options. In addition, certain of our leases provide for periods of free rent, lessor improvements and tenant improvement allowances, of which certain of these improvements have been classified as leasehold improvements and/or are being amortized over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the improvements or the remaining life of the lease.
Certain of our operating facility leases require us to pay property taxes, insurance and common area maintenance. While these payments are not included as part of our lease liabilities, they are recognized as variable lease cost in the period they are incurred.
We also lease certain manufacturing equipment under finance lease agreements that have terms ranging from 5 to 7 years.
The components of our lease costs are summarized as follows (in thousands):
| Fiscal Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Operating leases | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Variable leases | ||||||||||||
| Short-term leases | ||||||||||||
| Finance leases: | ||||||||||||
| Amortization of right-of-use assets | ||||||||||||
| Interest on lease liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Total lease costs | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
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Supplemental consolidated balance sheet and other information related to our leases were as follows (in thousands, except weighted average data):
| April 30, | ||||||||||
| Leases | Classification | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||
| Non-current: | ||||||||||
| Operating | Operating lease right-of-use assets | $ | $ | |||||||
| Finance | Property and equipment, net | |||||||||
| Total leased assets | $ | $ | ||||||||
| Liabilities | ||||||||||
| Current: | ||||||||||
| Operating | Current portion of operating lease liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||
| Finance | Other current liabilities | |||||||||
| Non-current: | ||||||||||
| Operating | Operating lease liabilities, less current portion | |||||||||
| Finance | Finance lease liabilities, less current portion | |||||||||
| Total lease liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||||
| Weighted average remaining lease term (years): | ||||||||
| Operating leases | ||||||||
| Finance leases | ||||||||
| Weighted average discount rate | ||||||||
| Operating leases | ||||||||
| Finance leases | ||||||||
Supplemental cash flow information related to our leases were as follows (in thousands):
| Fiscal Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | ||||||||||||
| Operating cash flows from operating leases | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Operating cash flows from finance leases | ||||||||||||
| Financing cash flows from finance leases | ||||||||||||
| Non-cash transactions: | ||||||||||||
| Unpaid finance lease obligation | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Right-of-use assets obtained upon operating lease modifications and reassessments, net | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Decapitalization of right-of-use assets upon impairment | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Property and equipment obtained in exchange for finance lease obligation | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
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As of April 30, 2024, the maturities of our lease liabilities, which includes those derived from lease renewal options that we considered it reasonably certain that we would exercise, were as follows (in thousands):
| Fiscal Year Ending April 30, | Operating Leases | Finance Leases | Total | |||||||||
| 2025 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| 2026 | ||||||||||||
| 2027 | ||||||||||||
| 2028 | ||||||||||||
| 2029 | ||||||||||||
| Thereafter | ||||||||||||
| Total lease payments | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Less: imputed interest | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total lease liabilities | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
Note 5 – Stockholders’ Equity
As of April 30, 2024,
Our common stock issued and outstanding as of April 30, 2024 excluded the following shares of common stock reserved for future issuance (in thousands):
| Shares | ||||
| Stock Incentive Plans | ||||
| Employee Stock Purchase Plan | ||||
| Conversion of Convertible Notes | ||||
| Total common stock reserved for future issuance | ||||
Stock Incentive Plans
The Avid Bioservices, Inc. 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”) is a stockholder-approved plan, which provides, among other things, the ability for us to grant stock options, restricted stock units, performance stock units and other forms of stock-based awards. The 2018 Plan replaced our 2009, 2010 and 2011 Stock Incentive Plans (the “Prior Plans”). However, any awards outstanding under the Prior Plans as of the 2018 Plan’s effective date continue to remain subject to and be paid under the applicable Prior Plan, and any shares subject to outstanding awards under the Prior Plans that subsequently expire, terminate, or are surrendered or forfeited for any reason without issuance of shares automatically become available for issuance under the 2018 Plan. In October 2021, our stockholders approved an amendment to the 2018 Plan to increase the number of authorized shares reserved for issuance under the 2018 plan by million shares.
The 2018 Plan and the Prior Plans are collectively referred to as the “Stock Plans”. As of April 30, 2024, we had an aggregate of shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the Stock Plans, of which shares were subject to outstanding stock options, restricted stock units and performance stock units and shares were available for future grants of stock-based awards.
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Stock Options
We ceased granting stock options during fiscal 2022. Stock options previously granted under our Stock Plans were granted at an exercise price not less than the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. Stock options granted to employees generally vest over a four-year period from the date of grant and stock options granted to non-employee directors generally vest over a period of one to three years from the date of grant. Stock options granted under the 2018 Plan have a contractual term of seven years; however, the maximum contractual term of any stock option granted under the Stock Plans is ten years.
The estimated fair value of stock options is measured at the grant date, using a fair value-based method, such as a Black-Scholes option valuation model, and is amortized as stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting period. The use of a valuation model requires us to make certain estimates and assumptions with respect to selected model inputs. The expected volatility is based on the daily historical volatility of our common stock covering the estimated expected term. The expected term of options granted reflects actual historical exercise activity and assumptions regarding future exercise activity of unexercised, outstanding options. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury notes with terms within the contractual life of the option at the time of grant. The expected dividend yield assumption is based on our expectation of future dividend payouts. We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock and currently do not anticipate paying such cash dividends.
There were stock options granted during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023. The grant date fair value for stock options granted during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2022 were based on the following weighted-average assumptions used within the Black-Scholes option valuation model:
Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2022 | ||||
| Risk-free interest rate | % | |||
| Expected life (in years) | ||||
| Expected volatility | % | |||
| Expected dividend yield |
The following summarizes our stock option transaction activity for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2024:
Stock Options (in thousands) | Grant Date Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) | Aggregate Intrinsic Value(1) (in thousands) | |||||||||||||
| Outstanding at May 1, 2023 | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Granted | ||||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||
| Canceled or expired | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||
| Outstanding at April 30, 2024 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Vested and expected to vest | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Exercisable at April 30, 2024 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
______________
| (1) |
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The weighted-average grant date fair value of stock options granted during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2022 was $ per share. There were stock options granted during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023.
The aggregate intrinsic value
of stock options exercised during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $ million, $ million and $ million,
respectively. Cash received from stock options exercised during fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 totaled $
We issue shares of common stock that are reserved for issuance under the Stock Plans upon the exercise of stock options, and we do not expect to repurchase shares of common stock from any source to satisfy our obligations under our compensation plans.
As of April 30, 2024, the total estimated unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options was $0.2 million. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average vesting period of years based on current assumptions.
Restricted Stock
A restricted stock unit (“RSU”) represents the right to receive one share of our common stock upon the vesting of such unit. RSUs granted to employees generally vest over a four-year period from the date of grant and RSUs granted to non-employee directors generally vest over a period of one to three years from the date of grant. The estimated fair value of RSUs is based on the closing market value of our common stock on the date of grant and is amortized as stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the period of vesting.
The following summarizes our RSUs transaction activity for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2024:
Shares (in thousands) | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | |||||||
| Outstanding at May 1, 2023 | $ | |||||||
| Granted | $ | |||||||
| Vested | ( | ) | $ | |||||
| Forfeited | ( | ) | $ | |||||
| Outstanding at April 30, 2024 | $ | |||||||
The weighted-average grant date fair value of RSUs granted during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $, $ and $ per share, respectively.
The total fair value of RSUs vested during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $ million, $ million and $ million, respectively.
As of April 30, 2024, the total estimated unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested RSUs was $ million. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average vesting period of years.
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Performance Stock Units
The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors grants performance stock units (“PSUs”) to our executives. The PSUs are subject to annual vesting over three consecutive fiscal year performance periods with the first one-third vesting on April 30 of the year following the grant date, and each successive one-third vesting on April 30 of the following two years respectively (each a “Performance Period”). Each PSU that vests represent the right to receive one share of our common stock. The number of shares that will vest for each Performance Period, if any, is based upon the attainment of certain predetermined financial metrics for each such Performance Period. Depending on the actual financial metrics achieved relative to the target financial metrics for such Performance Periods, the number of PSUs issued could range from 0% to 200% of the target amount. The number of granted shares included in the table below is based on a maximum 200% achievement of each financial metric during each Performance Period (the “Maximum Performance Target”). If a financial metric is achieved at a rate below the Maximum Performance Target, or is not achieved, the corresponding portion of the PSUs that do not vest are forfeited.
The following summarizes our PSUs transaction activity for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2024:
Shares (in thousands) | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | |||||||
| Outstanding at May 1, 2023 | $ | |||||||
| Granted | $ | |||||||
| Vested | ( | ) | $ | |||||
| Forfeited | ( | ) | $ | |||||
| Outstanding at April 30, 2024 | $ | |||||||
The weighted-average grant date fair value of PSUs granted during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, was $, $ and $ per share, respectively.
The total fair value of PSUs vested during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $ million, $ million and $ million, respectively.
As of April 30, 2024, there was $ million of total estimated unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested PSUs associated with the Performance Periods ending April 30, 2025 and 2026 based on the Maximum Performance Target achievement of each financial metric during such Performance Periods. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average vesting period of years, however, we will assess the likelihood of achieving the predetermined financial metrics associated with each Performance Period on a quarterly basis and the expense recognized, if any, will be adjusted accordingly.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Avid Bioservices, Inc. 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) is a stockholder-approved plan under which employees can purchase shares of our common stock, based on a percentage of their compensation, subject to certain limits. The purchase price per share is equal to the lower of 85% of the fair market value of our common stock on the first trading day of the six-month offering period or on the last trading day of the six-month offering period.
During the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, a total of , and shares of our common stock were purchased, respectively, under the ESPP at a weighted average purchase price per share of $, $ and $, respectively. As of April 30, 2024, we had shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP.
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The fair value of the shares purchased under the ESPP was determined using a Black-Scholes option valuation model (see explanation of valuation model inputs above under “Stock Options”) and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period (or six-month offering period).
The weighted average grant date fair value of purchase rights under the ESPP during fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $, $and $, respectively, based on the following weighted-average Black-Scholes option valuation model inputs:
| Fiscal Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Risk-free interest rate | % | % | % | |||||||||
| Expected life (in years) | ||||||||||||
| Expected volatility | % | % | % | |||||||||
| Expected dividend yield | ||||||||||||
Stock-based Compensation Expense
Stock-based compensation expense included in our consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) was comprised of the following (in thousands):
| Fiscal Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Cost of revenues | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expense | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
Note 7 - Deferred Compensation Plan
In July 2023, our Board of Directors
approved and adopted the Avid Bioservices, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan (the “DC Plan”). The DC Plan allows non-employee
directors and certain highly compensated employees to defer a portion of their base compensation, cash bonuses, and certain RSU and PSU awards. As of April 30, 2024, contributions to the DC Plan were $
Note 8 – Income Taxes
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance is provided for the amount of deferred tax assets that, based on available evidence, are not expected to be realized.
At April 30, 2024, management assessed the realizability of deferred tax assets and evaluated the need for a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets on a jurisdictional basis. This evaluation utilizes the framework contained in ASC 740 wherein management analyzes all positive and negative evidence available at the balance sheet date to determine whether all or some portion of our deferred tax assets will not be realized. Under this guidance, a valuation allowance must be established for deferred tax assets when it is more-likely-than-not that the asset will not be realized. In assessing the realization of our deferred tax assets, management considers all available evidence, both positive and negative.
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A significant piece of objective evidence evaluated was the cumulative loss incurred over the three-year period ended April 30, 2024. Such objective evidence limits the ability to consider other subjective evidence such as our projections for future growth. On the basis of this evaluation, at April 30, 2024, a valuation allowance of $118.5 million has been recorded to offset our net deferred tax assets. The valuation allowance is $118.5 million and $0 for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
We are subject to taxation in the United States and various state jurisdictions. We have not been notified that we are under audit by the IRS or any state taxing authorities and our federal and state returns from April 30, 2021 and April 30, 2020, respectively, remain open for examination. Due to the presence of net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards the tax authorities can also examine years prior to the standard statute of limitations.
At April 30, 2024, we had federal
NOL carryforwards of approximately $
Additionally, the future utilization of our NOL carryforwards to offset future taxable income may be subject to an annual limitation, pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 382, as a result of ownership changes. A Section 382 analysis has been completed through April 30, 2024, and it was determined that no significant change in ownership had occurred. However, ownership changes occurring subsequent to April 30, 2024 may impact the utilization of NOL carryforwards and other tax attributes in future periods.
At April 30, 2024, we had $
The provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 is as follows (in thousands):
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Current: | ||||||||||||
| Federal | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| State | ||||||||||||
| Total current benefit | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Deferred: | ||||||||||||
| Federal | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||
| State | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Total deferred Federal and State benefit | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Change in valuation allowance | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||||
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The provision for income taxes on our net income (loss) before income taxes for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 is comprised of the following (in thousands):
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Federal income taxes at statutory rate | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||
| State income taxes, net of valuation allowance | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Expiration of attributes | ||||||||||||
| Change in valuation allowance | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation including 162M limitations | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Adjustment for federal benefit of state | ||||||||||||
| Permanent differences | ||||||||||||
| Other, net | ( | ) | ||||||||||
| Income tax (benefit) expense | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||||
Deferred income taxes reflect the net effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts for income tax purposes. Significant components of our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at April 30, 2024 and 2023 are as follows (in thousands):
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Net operating losses | $ | $ | ||||||
| Research and development credits | ||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | ||||||||
| Deferred revenue | ||||||||
| Lease liabilities | ||||||||
| Accrued liabilities | ||||||||
| Accrued compensation | ||||||||
| Total deferred tax assets | ||||||||
| Less valuation allowance | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance | ||||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | ||||||||
| Fixed assets | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| ROU assets | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other deferred liabilities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total deferred tax liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
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In accordance with ASC 740, we are required to recognize the impact of an uncertain tax position in the consolidated financial statements when it is more likely than not the position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. An uncertain tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. Unrecognized tax positions at April 30, 2024 and 2023 are as follows (in thousands):
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Unrecognized tax positions, beginning of year | $ | $ | ||||||
| Gross (decrease) – expirations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Unrecognized tax positions, end of year | $ | $ | ||||||
If recognized, the unrecognized tax positions will impact our income tax benefit or effective tax rate. We do not expect any significant increases or decreases to our unrecognized tax positions within the next 12 months.
It is our policy to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in interest expense and other income (expense), net, respectively, in our consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss). For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, we did not incur any interest or penalties. For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2022, we recognized an immaterial amount of interest and penalties.
Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing our net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing our net income (loss) by the sum of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period plus the potential dilutive effects of stock options, unvested RSUs, unvested PSUs, shares of common stock expected to be issued under our ESPP, and the 2026 Notes and 2029 Notes.
The potential dilutive effect of stock options, unvested RSUs, unvested PSUs, and shares of common stock expected to be issued under our ESPP during the period are calculated in accordance with the treasury stock method but are excluded if their effect is anti-dilutive. The potential dilutive effect of our 2026 Notes and 2029 Notes are calculated using the if-converted method assuming the conversion of our 2026 Notes and 2029 Notes as of the earliest period reported or at the date of issuance, if later, but are excluded if their effect is anti-dilutive.
A reconciliation of the numerators and the denominators of the basic and dilutive net income (loss) per common share computations are as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
| Fiscal Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Numerator | ||||||||||||
| Net income (loss), basic | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||
| Add interest expense on 2026 Notes, net of tax | ||||||||||||
| Net income (loss), diluted | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||
| Denominator | ||||||||||||
| Weighted average basic common shares outstanding | ||||||||||||
| Effect of dilutive securities: | ||||||||||||
| Stock options | ||||||||||||
| RSUs, PSUs and ESPP | ||||||||||||
| 2026 Notes | ||||||||||||
| Weighted average dilutive common shares outstanding | ||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per share: | ||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||
| Diluted | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||
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The following table presents the potential dilutive securities excluded from the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per common share for the periods presented as the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):
| Fiscal Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Stock options | ||||||||||||
| RSUs, PSUs and ESPP | ||||||||||||
| 2026 Notes | ||||||||||||
| 2029 Notes | ||||||||||||
| Total potential dilutive securities | ||||||||||||
Note 10 – Employee Benefit Plan
We maintain a 401(k) Plan pursuant to section
401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code that allows participating employees to defer a portion of their compensation on a tax deferred basis
up to the maximum amount permitted by the Internal Revenue Code. We are not required to make matching contributions under the 401(k) Plan.
However, we match 50% of employee contributions of up to 6% of their annual eligible compensation. Total expense recognized by us for
matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $
Note 11 – Commitments and Contingencies
In the ordinary course of business, we are at times subject to various legal proceedings and disputes. We make provisions for liabilities when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Such provisions, if any, are reviewed at least quarterly and adjusted to reflect the impact of any settlement negotiations, judicial and administrative rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and events pertaining to a particular case. We currently are not a party to any legal proceedings, the adverse outcome of which, in management’s opinion, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
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| Item 9. | Changes In And Disagreements With Accountants On Accounting And Financial Disclosures |
None.
| Item 9A. | Controls And Procedures |
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The term “disclosure controls and procedures” defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act refers to the controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the required time periods. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and in reaching a reasonable level of assurance, management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of April 30, 2024. Based on that evaluation, and as a result of the material weakness described below, our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer concluded our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of April 30, 2024.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting and for the assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is supported by written policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Company’s assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the Company’s management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In connection with the preparation of the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements, management of the Company has undertaken an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework). Management’s assessment included an evaluation of the design of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and testing of the operational effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Based on this assessment, because of the material weakness described below, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of April 30, 2024.
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
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As described in Amendment No. 1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A, filed with the SEC on April 24, 2024, management identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting related to the lack of an effectively designed control activity in accounting for debt and related interest. Specifically, our debt internal controls did not include the periodic review of covenants, acceleration clauses, events of default, and other pertinent information in our debt agreements.
Our internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2024 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report included herein.
Status of Remediation of Material Weakness
Management, under the oversight of the audit committee of our board of directors, has implemented controls that are intended to remediate the foregoing material weakness. These controls include the initial and periodic review of covenants, acceleration clauses, events of default, and other pertinent information in our debt agreements to enable management to assess whether any of these provisions impact our financial reporting. While these controls have been implemented and tested, we will not consider the material weakness remediated until which time these controls are operational for a sufficient period of time and further tested, enabling management to conclude that the controls are operating effectively.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended
April 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Avid Bioservices, Inc.
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited Avid Bioservices, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, because of the effect of the material weakness described below on the achievement of the objectives of the control criteria, Avid Bioservices, Inc. (the Company) has not maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2024, based on the COSO criteria.
A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The following material weakness has been identified and included in management’s assessment. Management has identified a material weakness in controls related to accounting for debt and related interest.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of April 30, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2024, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a). This material weakness was considered in determining the nature, timing and extent of audit tests applied in our audit of the 2024 consolidated financial statements, and this report does not affect our report dated July 2, 2024, which expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Irvine, California
July 2, 2024
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| Item 9B. | Other Information |
There are
| Item 9C. | Disclosures regarding foreign jurisdictions that prevent inspections |
None.
| 73 |
PART III
| Item 10. | Directors, Executive Officers And Corporate Governance |
The information required by this Item and not set forth below will be set forth under the captions, “Election of Directors,” “Executive Compensation” and “Corporate Governance” in our 2024 Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the conclusion of our fiscal year ended April 30, 2024 (the “2024 Definitive Proxy Statement”), and is incorporated herein by reference.
We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (“Code of Ethics”) that applies to our directors and employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, and have posted the text of the policy on our website (avidbio.com) in the Investors—Corporate Governance section. In addition, we intend to promptly disclose on our website, to the extent required by the rules and regulations of the SEC, (i) the nature of any amendment to the Code of Ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, and (ii) the nature of any waiver, including an implicit waiver, from a provision of the Code of Ethics that is granted to one of these specified individuals, the name of such person who is granted the waiver and the date of the waiver.
| Item 11. | Executive Compensation |
The information required by this Item will be set forth under the captions, “Director Compensation,” “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” and “Executive Compensation” in our 2024 Definitive Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
| Item 12. | Security Ownership Of Certain Beneficial Owners And Management And Related Stockholder Matters |
Other than as set forth below, the information required by this Item will be set forth under the caption, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners, Directors and Management” in our 2024 Definitive Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table summarizes our compensation plans under which our equity securities are authorized for issuance as of April 30, 2024:
Plan Category | (a) Number of Securities to be Issued Upon the Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights | (b) Weighted-Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights ($/share) | (c) Number of Shares Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Securities Reflected in Column (a)) | |||||||||
| Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders (1) | 4,112,690 | 6.68 | 3,482,263 | |||||||||
| Employee Stock Purchase Plan approved by stockholders | – | – | 849,218 | |||||||||
| Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders | – | – | – | |||||||||
| Total | 4,112,690 | 6.68 | (2) | 4,331,481 | ||||||||
_____________
| (1) | Represents stock options, restricted stock units and performance stock units under our stockholder approved equity compensation plans referred to as the 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan, the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan and the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan. | |
| (2) | Represents the weighted-average exercise price of outstanding stock options as there are no exercise prices for restricted stock units and performance stock units. |
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| Item 13. | Certain Relationships And Related Transactions, And Director Independence |
The information required by this Item will be set forth under the captions, “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions,” “Director Independence” and “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” in our 2024 Definitive Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
| Item 14. | Principal Accounting Fees and Services |
The information required by this Item will be set forth under the caption, “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Fees” in our 2024 Definitive Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
| 75 |
PART IV
| Item 15. | Exhibits And Financial Statement Schedules |
| (a) | Documents filed as part of this Annual Report |
| (1) | Consolidated Financial Statements |
(2) Financial Statement Schedules
The following schedule is filed as part of this Annual Report:
| Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2024 | 77 |
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(3) Exhibits
The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Annual Report.
| 76 |
Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (in thousands)
Balance at Beginning of | Balance at End of | |||||||||||||||
| Period | Additions | Deductions | Period | |||||||||||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | ||||||||||||||||
| Year ended April 30, 2024 | $ | 474 | $ | 2,268 | $ | (459 | ) | $ | 2,283 | |||||||
| Year ended April 30, 2023 | $ | 18,392 | $ | 474 | $ | (18,392 | ) | $ | 474 | |||||||
| Year ended April 30, 2022 | $ | – | $ | 21,464 | $ | (3,072 | ) | $ | 18,392 | |||||||
| 77 |
EXHIBIT INDEX
| 78 |
______________
| * | This Exhibit is a management contract or a compensation plan or arrangement. |
| Item 16. | FORM 10-K SUMMARY |
None.
| 79 |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| AVID BIOSERVICES, INC. | ||
| Date: July 2, 2024 | By: | /s/ Nicholas S. Green |
| Nicholas S. Green, |
||
President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | ||
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Nicholas S. Green, President and Chief Executive Officer, and Daniel R. Hart, Chief Financial Officer, and each of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with the full power of substitution and re-substitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this report, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent, or either of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
| Name | Title | Date | ||
| /s/ Nicholas S. Green | President and Chief Executive Officer and Director | July 2, 2024 | ||
| Nicholas S. Green | (Principal Executive Officer) | |||
| /s/ Daniel R. Hart | Chief Financial Officer | July 2, 2024 | ||
| Daniel R. Hart | (Principal Financial Officer and | |||
| Principal Accounting Officer) | ||||
| /s/ Joseph Carleone, Ph.D. | Chairman of the Board of Directors | July 2, 2024 | ||
| Joseph Carleone, Ph.D. | ||||
| /s/ Esther M. Alegria, Ph.D. | Director | July 2, 2024 | ||
| Esther M. Alegria, Ph.D. | ||||
| /s/ Richard B. Hancock | Director | July 2, 2024 | ||
| Richard B. Hancock | ||||
| /s/ Catherine J. Mackey, Ph.D. | Director | July 2, 2024 | ||
| Catherine J. Mackey, Ph.D. | ||||
| /s/ Gregory P. Sargen | Director | July 2, 2024 | ||
| Gregory P. Sargen | ||||
| /s/ Jeanne Thoma | Director | July 2, 2024 | ||
| Jeanne Thoma |
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