UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED June 30, 2025
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM ____ TO ____
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 001-41550
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | ||||||||||
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) | ||||||||||
(registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
____________________
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbols | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one)
| ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ||||||||||||||||||
| Emerging growth company | ||||||||||||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes ☐ No ☒
There were 116,375,594 shares of Common Stock outstanding as of July 28, 2025.
| TABLE OF CONTENTS | ||||||||
Crown Holdings, Inc.
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In millions except per share data)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net sales | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of products sold, excluding depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling and administrative expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring and other, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from early extinguishments of debt | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other pension and postretirement | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before taxes and equity in net earnings of affiliates | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity in net earnings of affiliates | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Crown Holdings | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings per common share attributable to Crown Holdings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income / (loss), net of tax: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Pension and other postretirement benefits | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives qualifying as hedges | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other comprehensive income / (loss) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Translation adjustments attributable to noncontrolling interests | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income attributable to Crown Holdings | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Condensed)
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Assets | |||||||||||
| Current assets | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Receivables, net | |||||||||||
| Inventories | |||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | |||||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets, net | |||||||||||
| Other non-current assets | |||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Liabilities and equity | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Short-term debt | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Current maturities of long-term debt | |||||||||||
| Current portion of operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | |||||||||||
| Accrued liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Long-term debt, excluding current maturities | |||||||||||
| Pension and postretirement liabilities | |||||||||||
| Non-current portion of operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Other non-current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||
| Crown Holdings shareholders’ equity | |||||||||||
| Total equity | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Condensed)
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
| Six Months Ended | |||||||||||
| June 30, | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities | |||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||
| Restructuring and other, net | |||||||||||
| Pension and postretirement expense | |||||||||||
| Pension contributions | ( | ||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | |||||||||||
| Equity earnings, net of distributions | |||||||||||
| Working capital changes and other | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities | |||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net investment hedge | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment | |||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Net cash used for investing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities | |||||||||||
| Net change in revolving credit facility and short-term debt | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from short-term debt | |||||||||||
| Payments of short-term debt | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Proceeds from long-term debt | |||||||||||
| Payments of long-term debt | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Debt issuance costs | ( | ||||||||||
| Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Dividends paid to shareholders | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Common stock repurchased | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net cash used for financing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | ( | ||||||||||
| Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | |||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at January 1 | |||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at June 30 | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
| Crown Holdings, Inc. Shareholders’ Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Total Crown Equity | Noncontrolling Interests | Total Shareholders' Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at January 1, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock awarded | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock repurchased | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at March 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock awarded | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock repurchased | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
6
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
| Crown Holdings, Inc. Shareholders’ Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Total Crown Equity | Noncontrolling Interests | Total Shareholders' Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at January 1, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock awarded | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock repurchased | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at March 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock repurchased | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(In millions, except per share and statistical data)
(Unaudited)
A.Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Crown Holdings, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries (the “Company”). The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Form 10-Q instructions. In the opinion of management, these consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments of a normal and recurring nature necessary for a fair statement of the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2025 and the results of its operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 and of its cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024. The results reported in these consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire year. These results have been determined on the basis of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), the application of which requires management’s utilization of estimates, and actual results may differ materially from the estimates utilized.
B.Recent Accounting and Reporting Pronouncements
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued a final standard on improvements to income tax disclosures. The standard requires disclosure of specific categories within the effective tax rate reconciliation and details about significant reconciling items, subject to a quantitative threshold. The standard also requires information on income taxes paid disaggregated by federal, state and foreign based on a quantitative threshold. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The standard is applied prospectively with an option for retrospective adoption. As the guidance impacts disclosure only, it will not have an impact on the Company's financial results. These changes in disclosure will initially be reflected in the annual financial statement footnotes for the year ended December 31, 2025.
C. Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash included in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets and Statement of Cash Flows were as follows:
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Restricted cash included in prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | $ | |||||||||
Amounts included in restricted cash primarily represent amounts required to be segregated by certain of the Company's receivables securitization agreements.
8
Crown Holdings, Inc.
D. Receivables
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Less: allowance for credit losses | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net trade receivables | |||||||||||
| Unbilled receivables | |||||||||||
| Miscellaneous receivables | |||||||||||
| $ | $ | ||||||||||
E. Inventories
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Raw materials and supplies | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Work in process | |||||||||||
| Finished goods | |||||||||||
| $ | $ | ||||||||||
F. Intangible Assets
Gross carrying amounts and accumulated amortization of finite-lived intangible assets by major class were as follows:
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross | Accumulated amortization | Net | Gross | Accumulated amortization | Net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Customer relationships | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Trade names | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technology | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long term supply contracts | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Patents | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
G. Supplier Finance Program Obligations
The Company has various supplier finance programs under which the Company agrees to pay banks the stated amount of confirmed invoices from its designated suppliers on the original maturity dates of the invoices. Suppliers, at their sole discretion, have the opportunity to sell their receivables due from the Company earlier than contracted payment terms. The Company or the banks may terminate the agreements upon at least 30 days' notice. The Company does not have assets pledged as collateral for supplier finance programs. The supplier invoices that have been confirmed as valid under the programs typically have payment terms of 150 days or less, consistent with the commercial terms and conditions as agreed upon with suppliers. The Company had $883 and $927 confirmed obligations outstanding under these supplier finance programs as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 included in
H. Restructuring and Other
The Company recorded restructuring and other items as follows:
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| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset sales and impairments, net | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other costs | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Asbestos | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, asset sales and impairments primarily included asset impairment charges related to a plant in China and end line rationalization in the Asia Pacific segment. In addition, in the first quarter of 2025 the Company recognized a gain for a sale of a building in the Transit Packaging segment.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 restructuring primarily included headcount reductions and other exit costs in the Transit Packaging segment. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, restructuring primarily included headcount reductions and other exit costs in the Company's European Beverage and Other segments.
During the second quarter of 2025, the Company recorded an $11 asbestos reserve related to an unfavorable jury verdict in the state of California. See Note I for details.
During 2025, the Company made payments of $14 and had a restructuring accrual of $22 , primarily related to previously announced restructuring actions. The Company expects to pay these amounts over the next twelve months. The Company continues to review its costs structure and may record additional restructuring charges in the future.
I. Asbestos-Related Liabilities
Crown Cork & Seal Company, Inc. (“Crown Cork”) is one of many defendants in a substantial number of lawsuits filed throughout the U.S. by persons alleging bodily injury as a result of exposure to asbestos. These claims arose from the insulation operations of a U.S. company, the majority of whose stock Crown Cork purchased in 1963. Approximately ninety days after the stock purchase, this U.S. company sold its insulation assets and was later merged into Crown Cork.
Prior to 1998, amounts paid to asbestos claimants were covered by a fund made available to Crown Cork under a 1985 settlement with carriers insuring Crown Cork through 1976, when Crown Cork became self-insured. The fund was depleted in 1998 and the Company has no remaining coverage for asbestos-related costs.
In December 2001, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania enacted legislation that limits the asbestos-related liabilities of Pennsylvania corporations that are successors by corporate merger to companies involved with asbestos. The legislation limits the successor’s liability for asbestos to the acquired company’s asset value adjusted for inflation. Crown Cork has paid significantly more for asbestos-related claims than the acquired company’s adjusted asset value. In November 2004, the legislation was amended to address a Pennsylvania Supreme Court decision (Ieropoli v. AC&S Corporation, et. al., No. 117 EM 2002) which held that the statute violated the Pennsylvania Constitution due to retroactive application. The Company cautions that the limitations of the statute, as amended, are subject to litigation and may not be upheld.
In June 2003, the state of Texas enacted legislation that limits the asbestos-related liabilities in Texas courts of companies such as Crown Cork that allegedly incurred these liabilities because they are successors by corporate merger to companies that had been involved with asbestos. The Texas legislation, which applies to future claims and pending claims, caps asbestos-related liabilities at the total gross value of the predecessor’s assets adjusted for inflation. Crown Cork has paid significantly more for asbestos-related claims than the total adjusted value of its predecessor’s assets.
In October 2010, the Texas Supreme Court held that the Texas legislation was unconstitutional under the Texas Constitution when applied to asbestos-related claims pending against Crown Cork when the legislation was enacted in June 2003. The Company believes that the decision of the Texas Supreme Court is limited to retroactive application of
10
Crown Holdings, Inc.
the Texas legislation to asbestos-related cases that were pending against Crown Cork in Texas on June 11, 2003 and therefore, in its accrual, continues to assign no value to claims filed after June 11, 2003.
The states of Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Mississippi, Nebraska, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, West Virginia, Wisconsin and Wyoming have enacted legislation that limits asbestos-related liabilities under state law of companies such as Crown Cork that allegedly incurred these liabilities because they are successors by corporate merger to companies that had been involved with asbestos. The legislation, which applies to future and, with the exception of Arkansas, Georgia, South Carolina, South Dakota, West Virginia and Wyoming, pending claims at the time of enactment, caps asbestos-related liabilities at the fair market value of the predecessor's total gross assets adjusted for inflation. Crown Cork has paid significantly more for asbestos-related claims than the total value of its predecessor's assets adjusted for inflation. Crown Cork has integrated the legislation into its claims defense strategy. The Company cautions, however, that the legislation may be challenged and there can be no assurance regarding the ultimate effect of the legislation on Crown Cork.
In June 2025, Crown Cork was party to a verdict in a mesothelioma wrongful death case tried in the Superior Court of the State of California in Los Angeles. A jury found that the conduct of the United States Navy and a predecessor of
Crown Cork was a substantial factor in causing the plaintiff’s exposure. Crown Cork’s share of the compensatory damages was $4 . The jury also awarded punitive damages against Crown of $7 . These amounts have been fully accrued as of June 30, 2025. The Company intends to file post-trial motions on various grounds and intends to appeal the judgment. There can be no assurances regarding the outcome of such motions and appeal.
The Company further cautions that an adverse ruling in any litigation relating to the constitutionality or applicability to Crown Cork of one or more statutes that limits the asbestos-related liability of alleged defendants like Crown Cork could have a material impact on the Company.
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company paid $7 to settle asbestos claims and pay related legal and defense costs and had approximate claims activity as follows:
| Beginning claims | |||||
| New claims | |||||
| Settlements or dismissals | ( | ||||
| Ending claims | |||||
In the fourth quarter of each year, the Company performs an analysis of outstanding claims and categorizes these claims by year of exposure and state filed. As of December 31, 2024, the Company's outstanding claims were:
| Claimants alleging first exposure after 1964 | |||||
| Claimants alleging first exposure before or during 1964 filed in: | |||||
| Texas | |||||
| Pennsylvania | |||||
| Other states that have enacted asbestos legislation | |||||
| Other states | |||||
| Total claims outstanding | |||||
The outstanding claims in each period exclude approximately 19,000 inactive claims. Due to the passage of time, the Company considers it unlikely that the plaintiffs in these cases will pursue further action against the Company. The exclusion of these inactive claims had no effect on the calculation of the Company’s accrual as the claims were filed in states, as described above, where the Company’s liability is limited by statute.
With respect to claimants alleging first exposure to asbestos before or during 1964, the Company does not include in its accrual any amounts for settlements in states where the Company’s liability is limited by statute except for certain pending claims in Texas as described earlier.
With respect to post-1964 claims, regardless of the existence of asbestos legislation, the Company does not include in its accrual any amounts for settlement of these claims because of increased difficulty of establishing identification of relevant insulation products as the cause of injury. Given the Company's settlement experience with post-1964 claims,
11
Crown Holdings, Inc.
it does not believe that an adverse ruling in the Texas or Pennsylvania asbestos litigation cases, or in any other state that has enacted asbestos legislation, would have a material impact on the Company with respect to such claims.
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the percentage of outstanding claims related to claimants alleging serious diseases (primarily mesothelioma and other malignancies) were as follows:
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||
| Total claims | % | % | |||||||||
| Pre-1965 claims in states without asbestos legislation | % | % | |||||||||
Crown Cork has entered into arrangements with plaintiffs’ counsel in certain jurisdictions with respect to claims which are not yet filed, or asserted, against it. However, Crown Cork expects claims under these arrangements to be filed or asserted against Crown Cork in the future. The projected value of these claims is included in the Company’s estimated liability as of June 30, 2025.
As of June 30, 2025, the Company’s accrual for pending and future asbestos-related claims and related legal costs was $189 , including $117 for unasserted claims. The Company determines its accrual without limitation to a specific time period.
It is reasonably possible that the actual loss could be in excess of the Company’s accrual. However, the Company is unable to estimate the reasonably possible loss in excess of its accrual due to uncertainty in the following assumptions that underlie the Company’s accrual and the possibility of losses in excess of such accrual: the amount of damages sought by the claimant (which was not specified for approximately 82 % of the claims outstanding at the end of 2024), the Company and claimant’s willingness to negotiate a settlement, the terms of settlements of other defendants with asbestos-related liabilities, the bankruptcy filings of other defendants (which may result in additional claims and higher settlements for non-bankrupt defendants), the nature of pending and future claims (including the seriousness of alleged disease, whether claimants allege first exposure to asbestos before or during 1964 and the claimant’s ability to demonstrate the alleged link to Crown Cork), the volatility of the litigation environment, the defense strategies available to the Company, the level of future claims, the rate of receipt of claims, the jurisdiction in which claims are filed, and the effect of state asbestos legislation (including the validity and applicability of the Pennsylvania legislation to non-Pennsylvania jurisdictions, where the substantial majority of the Company’s asbestos cases are filed).
J. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
The Company, along with others in most cases, has been identified by the EPA or a comparable state environmental agency as a Potentially Responsible Party (“PRP”) at a number of sites and has recorded aggregate accruals of $12 for its share of estimated future remediation costs at these sites. The Company has been identified as having either directly or indirectly disposed of commercial or industrial waste at the sites subject to the accrual, and where appropriate and supported by available information, generally has agreed to be responsible for a percentage of future remediation costs based on an estimated volume of materials disposed in proportion to the total materials disposed at each site. The Company has not had monetary sanctions imposed nor has the Company been notified of any potential monetary sanctions at any of the sites.
The Company has also recorded aggregate accruals of $9 for remediation activities at various worldwide locations that are owned by the Company and for which the Company is not a member of a PRP group. Although the Company believes its accruals are adequate to cover its portion of future remediation costs, there can be no assurance that the ultimate payments will not exceed the amount of the Company’s accruals and will not have a material effect on its results of operations, financial position and cash flow. Any possible loss or range of potential loss that may be incurred in excess of the recorded accruals cannot be estimated.
In March 2015, the Bundeskartellamt, or German Federal Cartel Office (“FCO”), conducted unannounced inspections of the premises of several metal packaging manufacturers, including a German subsidiary of the Company. The local court order authorizing the inspection cited FCO suspicions of anti-competitive agreements in the German market for the supply of metal packaging products. The Company conducted an internal investigation into the matter and discovered instances of inappropriate conduct by certain employees of German subsidiaries of the Company. The Company cooperated with the FCO and submitted a leniency application with the FCO which disclosed the findings of its internal investigation to date. In April 2018, the FCO discontinued its national investigation and referred the matter to the European Commission (the “Commission”). Following the referral, Commission officials conducted
12
Crown Holdings, Inc.
unannounced inspections of the premises of several metal packaging manufacturers, including Company subsidiaries in Germany, France and the U.K. The Company cooperated with the Commission and submitted a leniency application with the Commission with respect to the findings of its internal investigation in Germany. In July 2022, the Company reached a settlement with the Commission relating to the Commission’s investigation, pursuant to which the Company agreed to pay a fine in the amount of $8 . Fining decisions based on settlements can be appealed under EU law and the Company sought annulment of the Commission’s fining decision on the basis that the referral of the case from the FCO to the Commission was unjustified. In October 2024, the General Court of the EU issued a judgment dismissing the Company’s appeal. In December 2024, the Company appealed the General Court’s judgment to the European Court of Justice. There can be no assurance regarding the outcome of such appeal.
In March 2017, U.S. Customs and Border Protection (“CBP”) at the Port of Milwaukee issued a penalty notification alleging that certain of the Company’s subsidiaries intentionally misclassified the importation of certain goods into the U.S. during the period 2004 -2009. CBP initially assessed a penalty of $18 . The Company has acknowledged to CBP that the goods were misclassified and has paid all related duties, which CBP does not dispute. The Company has asserted that the misclassification was unintentional and disputes the penalty assessment by CBP. CBP has brought suit in the U.S. Court of International Trade seeking enforcement of the initial penalty against the Company. At the present time, based on the information available, the Company does not believe that a loss for the alleged intentional misclassification is probable. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in contesting the assessed penalty.
On October 7, 2021, the French Autorité de la concurrence (the French Competition Authority or “FCA”) issued a statement of objections to 14 trade associations, one public entity and 101 legal entities from 28 corporate groups, including the Company, certain of its subsidiaries, other leading metal can manufacturers, certain can fillers and certain retailers in France. The FCA alleged violations of Articles 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and L.420-1 of the French Commercial Code. The statement of objections alleges, among other things, anti-competitive behavior in connection with the removal of bisphenol-A from metal packaging in France. The removal of bisphenol-A was mandated by French legislation that went into effect in 2015. On December 29, 2023, the FCA issued a decision imposing a fine of €4 million on the Company. The Company has appealed the decision of the FCA, however there can be no assurance regarding the outcome of such appeal.
In June 2024, the Brazilian Federal Tax Authorities issued an assessment against the Company's Brazilian subsidiary in relation to the use of PIS and COFINS indirect tax credits arising from a favorable judicial decision received by the Company in 2019. The assessment disallowed credits of $42 taken by the Company for the years 2004 through 2015 when the PIS and COFINS indirect taxes were calculated by fixed rates and assessed interest and penalties. During the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company received an unfavorable ruling to a challenge at the administrative level. The Company does not believe that a loss for this assessment is probable and plans to challenge the assessment at the judicial level. There can be no assurances that the Company will be successful in contesting the assessment.
The Company and its subsidiaries are also subject to various other lawsuits and claims with respect to labor, environmental, securities, vendor and other matters arising out of the Company’s normal course of business. While the impact on future financial results is not subject to reasonable estimation because considerable uncertainty exists, management believes that the ultimate liabilities resulting from such lawsuits and claims will not materially affect the Company’s consolidated earnings, financial position or cash flow. The Company has various commitments to purchase materials, supplies and utilities as part of the ordinary conduct of business. At times, the Company guarantees the obligations of subsidiaries under certain of these contracts and is liable for such arrangements only if the subsidiary fails to perform its obligations under the contract.
The Company’s basic raw materials for its products are aluminum and steel, both of which are purchased from multiple sources. The Company is subject to fluctuations in the cost of these raw materials and has periodically adjusted its selling prices to reflect these movements. There can be no assurance, however, that the Company will be able to fully recover any increases or fluctuations in raw material costs from its customers. The Company also has commitments for standby letters of credit and for purchases of capital assets.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
K. Derivative and Other Financial Instruments
Fair Value Measurements
Under U.S. GAAP a framework exists for measuring fair value, providing a three-tier hierarchy of pricing inputs used to report assets and liabilities that are adjusted to fair value. Level 1 includes inputs such as quoted prices which are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the report date. Level 2 includes inputs other than those available in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Level 3 includes unobservable pricing inputs that are not corroborated by market data or other objective sources. The Company has no recurring items valued using Level 3 inputs other than certain pension plan assets.
The Company utilizes market data or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of assets and liabilities measured at fair value and their placement within the fair value hierarchy.
The Company applies a market approach to value its commodity price hedge contracts. Prices from observable markets are used to develop the fair value of these financial instruments and they are reported under Level 2. The Company uses an income approach to value its foreign exchange forward contracts. These contracts are valued using a discounted cash flow model that calculates the present value of future cash flows under the terms of the contracts using market information as of the reporting date, such as foreign exchange spot and forward rates, and are reported under Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Fair value disclosures for financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis are provided later in this note. In addition, see Note L for fair value disclosures related to debt.
Derivative Financial Instruments
In the normal course of business the Company is subject to risk from adverse fluctuations in currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices. The Company manages these risks through a program that includes the use of derivative financial instruments, primarily swaps and forwards. Counterparties to these contracts are major financial institutions. The Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by these counterparties. The Company does not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
For derivative financial instruments accounted for in hedging relationships, the Company formally designates and documents, at inception, the financial instrument as a hedge of a specific underlying exposure, the risk management objective and the manner in which effectiveness will be assessed. The Company formally assesses, both at inception and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the hedging relationships are effective in offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows of the related underlying exposures. When a forecasted transaction is reasonably possible, but not probable of occurring, the hedge no longer qualifies for hedge accounting and the change in fair value from the date of the last effectiveness test is recognized in earnings. Any gain or loss which has accumulated in other comprehensive income at the date of the last effectiveness test is reclassified into earnings at the same time of the underlying exposure or when the forecasted transaction becomes probable of not occurring.
Cash Flow Hedges
The Company designates certain derivative financial instruments as cash flow hedges. No components of the hedging instruments are excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness. Changes in fair value of outstanding derivatives accounted for as cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income until earnings are impacted by the hedged transaction. Classification of the gain or loss in the Consolidated Statements of Operations upon reclassification from accumulated comprehensive income is the same as that of the underlying exposure. Contracts outstanding at June 30, 2025 mature between and thirty months .
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
The Company uses commodity forward contracts to hedge anticipated purchases of various commodities, primarily aluminum as well as natural gas and electricity, and these exposures are hedged by a central treasury unit.
The Company also designates certain foreign exchange contracts as cash flow hedges of anticipated foreign currency denominated sales or purchases. The Company manages these risks at the operating unit level. Often, foreign currency risk is hedged together with the related commodity price risk.
The Company may also use interest rate swaps to convert interest on floating rate debt to a fixed-rate.
The following tables set forth financial information about the impact on other comprehensive income ("OCI"), accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") and earnings from changes in the fair value of derivative instruments.
| Amount of gain/(loss) recognized in OCI | Amount of gain/(loss) recognized in OCI | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives in cash flow hedges | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commodities | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amount of gain/(loss) reclassified from AOCI into income | Amount of gain/(loss) reclassified from AOCI into income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives in cash flow hedges | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | Affected line items in the Statement of Operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commodities | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | Net sales | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commodities | ( | Cost of products sold, excluding depreciation and amortization | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange | ( | Cost of products sold, excluding depreciation and amortization | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ( | ( | Income before taxes and equity in net earnings of affiliates | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ( | ( | Provision for income taxes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | Net income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
For the twelve-month period ending June 30, 2026, a net gain of $4 ($3 , net of tax) is expected to be reclassified to earnings for commodity and foreign exchange contracts. No
Fair Value Hedges and Contracts Not Designated as Hedges
The Company designates certain derivative financial instruments as fair value hedges of recognized foreign-denominated assets and liabilities. The notional values and maturity dates of the derivative instruments coincide with those of the hedged items. Changes in fair value of the derivative financial instruments, excluding time value, are offset by changes in fair value of the related hedged items.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company recorded a gain of $11 and $15 from foreign exchange contracts designated as fair value hedges. These adjustments were reported within foreign exchange in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
15
Crown Holdings, Inc.
Certain derivative financial instruments, including foreign exchange contracts related to intercompany debt, trade accounts receivable and payable and unrecognized firm commitments were not designated or did not qualify for hedge accounting; however, they are effective economic hedges as the changes in their fair value, except for time value, are offset by changes arising from re-measurement of the related hedged items. The Company’s primary use of these derivative instruments is to offset the earnings impact that fluctuations in foreign exchange rates have on certain monetary assets and liabilities denominated in nonfunctional currencies. Changes in fair value of these derivative instruments are immediately recognized in earnings as foreign exchange adjustments.
The following table sets forth the impact on earnings from derivatives not designated as hedges.
| Pre-tax amounts of gain/(loss) recognized in income | Pre-tax amounts of gain/(loss) recognized in income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives not designated as hedges | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | Affected line item in the Statement of Operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | Net sales | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange | Cost of products sold, excluding depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange | ( | ( | Foreign exchange | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Investment Hedges
The Company designates certain debt and derivative instruments as net investment hedges to manage foreign currency risk relating to net investments in subsidiaries denominated in foreign currencies and reduce the variability in the functional currency equivalent cash flows.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company recorded losses of $98 ($74 , net of tax) and $141 ($107 , net of tax) in other comprehensive income for certain debt instruments that are designated as hedges of its net investment in a euro-based subsidiary. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company recorded gains of $12 ($10 , net of tax) and $53 ($44 , net of tax). As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, cumulative losses of $8 ($24 , net of tax) and gains of $133 ($131 , net of tax) were recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income related to these net investment hedges. The carrying amount of the hedging instrument was approximately €1,011 ($1,190 ) at June 30, 2025.
The Company also has cross-currency swaps with an aggregate notional value of $1,475 designated as hedges of the Company's net investment in a euro-based subsidiary, including a new series of cross-currency swaps with a notional value of $600 entered into in May 2025. These swaps mature in 2026 and 2030 and reduced interest expense by $7 and $14 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and $6 and $12 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.
The following tables set forth financial information about the impact on accumulated other comprehensive income from changes in the fair value of derivative instruments designated as net investment hedges.
| Amount of gain / (loss) recognized in AOCI | Amount of gain / (loss) recognized in AOCI | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives designated as net investment hedges | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Gains and losses representing components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness on derivatives designated as net investment hedges are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
Gains or losses on net investment hedges remain in accumulated other comprehensive income until disposal of the underlying assets.
Fair Values of Derivative Financial Instruments and Valuation Hierarchy
The following table sets forth the Company's financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The fair values of these financial instruments were reported under Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
| Balance Sheet classification | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | Balance Sheet classification | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange contracts cash flow | Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | $ | Accrued liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commodities contracts cash flow | Prepaid expenses and other current assets | Accrued liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-current assets | Other non-current liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment hedge | Prepaid expenses and other current assets | Accrued liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-current assets | Other non-current liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange contracts | Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | $ | Accrued liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total derivatives | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Offsetting of Derivative Assets and Liabilities
Certain derivative financial instruments are subject to agreements with counterparties similar to master netting arrangements and are eligible for offset. The Company has made an accounting policy election not to offset the fair values of these instruments. In the table below, the aggregate fair values of the Company's derivative assets and liabilities are presented on both a gross and net basis, where appropriate.
| Gross amounts recognized in the Balance Sheet | Gross amounts not offset in the Balance Sheet | Net amount | |||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2025 | |||||||||||
| Derivative assets | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||
| Derivative liabilities | |||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||
| Derivative assets | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||
| Derivative liabilities | |||||||||||
Notional Values of Outstanding Derivative Instruments
The aggregate U.S. dollar-equivalent notional values of outstanding derivative instruments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were:
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges: | |||||||||||
| Foreign exchange | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Commodities | |||||||||||
| Derivatives designated as net investment hedges: | |||||||||||
| Foreign exchange | |||||||||||
| Derivatives not designated as hedges: | |||||||||||
| Foreign exchange | |||||||||||
L. Debt
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal | Carrying | Principal | Carrying | ||||||||||||||||||||
| outstanding | amount | outstanding | amount | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term debt | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior secured borrowings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revolving credit facilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Term loan facilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. dollar due 2027 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Euro due 20271 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior notes and debentures: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollar at | |||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollar at | |||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollar at | |||||||||||||||||||||||
€ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
€ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
€ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
€ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollar at | |||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollar at | |||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollar at | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other indebtedness in various currencies | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total long-term debt | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less current maturities | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total long-term debt, less current maturities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
(1) €513 and €520 at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024
In May 2025, the Company issued $700 principal amount of 5.875 % senior unsecured notes due 2033 issued at par by its subsidiary Crown Americas LLC and used the proceeds, together with cash on hand, to redeem the $875 principal amount of 4.75 % senior unsecured notes due February 2026. The Company paid $10 in issuance costs that will be amortized over the term of the notes.
The estimated fair value of the Company’s debt, using a market approach incorporating Level 2 inputs such as quoted market prices for the same or similar issues, was $6,610 at June 30, 2025 and $6,255 at December 31, 2024.
The U.S. dollar term loan interest rate was SOFR plus 1.10 1.00
18
Crown Holdings, Inc.
M. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
The components of net periodic pension and other postretirement benefits costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pension benefits – U.S. plans | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Service cost | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest cost | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Expected return on plan assets | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Recognized net loss | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net periodic cost | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pension benefits – Non-U.S. plans | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Service cost | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest cost | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Expected return on plan assets | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Recognized net loss | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Special termination benefits | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Settlement and curtailments | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net periodic cost | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other postretirement benefits | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest cost | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net periodic cost | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The components of net periodic cost other than the service cost component are included in Other pension and postretirement in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
The following table provides information about amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income.
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Details about accumulated other comprehensive income components | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | Affected line items in the statement of operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Actuarial losses | $ | $ | $ | $ | Other pension and postretirement | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before taxes and equity in net earnings of affiliates | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ( | ( | ( | ( | Provision for income taxes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total reclassified | $ | $ | $ | $ | Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company received a $21 repayment, included within Pension contributions in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, of the contribution the Company made in 2021 to settle the U.K. defined pension plan.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
N. Capital Stock
On July 25, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of an aggregate amount of $2,000 of the Company's common stock through the end of 2027. Share repurchases under the Company's program may be made in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions, and at times and in such amounts as management deems appropriate. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors including price, corporate and regulatory requirements and other market conditions. The Company repurchased $209 of its shares during the six months ended June 30, 2025.
For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company declared and paid cash dividends of $0.26 0.52 0.25 0.50 0.26 per share payable on August 21, 2025 to shareholders of record as of August 7, 2025.
O. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Attributable to Crown Holdings
The following table provides information about the changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss).
| Defined benefit plans | Foreign currency translation | Gains and losses on cash flow hedges | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at January 1, 2024 | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income / (loss) before reclassifications | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income / (loss) | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2024 | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at January 1, 2025 | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income / (loss) before reclassifications | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income / (loss) | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2025 | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
P. Revenue
The Company recognized revenue as follows:
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue recognized over time | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue recognized at a point in time | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The Company has applied the practical expedient to exclude disclosure of remaining performance obligations as its binding orders typically have a term of one year or less.
Contract assets are typically recognized for work in process related to the Company's three-piece printed products and equipment business. Contract assets and liabilities are reported in a net position on a contract-by-contract basis. The
20
Crown Holdings, Inc.
Company had net contract assets of $13 and $9 as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, included in prepaid and other current assets. During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company satisfied performance obligations related to contract assets at December 31, 2024 and also recorded new contract assets primarily related to work in process for the equipment business.
Q. Earnings Per Share
The following table summarizes the computations of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company.
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Crown Holdings | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dilutive restricted stock | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic earnings per share | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted earnings per share | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, 0.12 million and 0.24 million and 0.18 million and 0.38 million contingently issuable common shares were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would be anti-dilutive.
R. Segment Information
The Company evaluates performance and allocates resources based on segment income, which is not a defined term under GAAP. The Company defines segment income as income from operations adjusted to exclude intangibles amortization charges, provisions for restructuring and other and the impact of fair value adjustments related to inventory acquired in an acquisition. Segment income includes cost of products sold, depreciation and general selling and administrative expenses. Segment income should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for net income prepared in accordance with GAAP and may not be comparable to calculations of similarly titled measures by other companies.
The tables below present information about the Company's operating segments.
| Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External | Intersegment | Capital | Segment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| sales | sales | Depreciation | expenditures | income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas Beverage | $ | $ | — | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| European Beverage | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transit Packaging | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total reportable segments | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate and unallocated items | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
| Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External | Intersegment | Capital | Segment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| sales | sales | Depreciation | expenditures | income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas Beverage | $ | $ | — | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| European Beverage | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transit Packaging | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total reportable segments | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate and unallocated items | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External | Intersegment | Capital | Segment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| sales | sales | Depreciation | expenditures | income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas Beverage | $ | $ | — | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| European Beverage | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transit Packaging | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total reportable segments | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate and unallocated items | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External | Intersegment | Capital | Segment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| sales | sales | Depreciation | expenditures | income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas Beverage | $ | $ | — | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| European Beverage | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transit Packaging | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total reportable segments | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate and unallocated items | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Company does not disclose total assets by segment as it is not provided to the chief operating decision maker.
The primary sources of revenue included in Other are the Company's food can, aerosol can, and closures businesses in North America, and beverage tooling and equipment operations in the U.S. and U.K.
Corporate and unallocated items include corporate and administrative costs, research and development, and unallocated items such as stock-based compensation and insurance costs.
Intersegment sales primarily include equipment and parts used in the manufacturing process.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
A reconciliation of segment income of reportable segments to income before income taxes is as follows:
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment income of reportable segments | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Segment income of other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate and unallocated items | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring and other, net | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangibles | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from early extinguishments of debt | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other pension and postretirement | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations before taxes and equity in net earnings of affiliates | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
23
Crown Holdings, Inc.
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(dollars in millions)
Introduction
The following discussion presents management's analysis of the results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024 and changes in financial condition and liquidity from December 31, 2024. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, along with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in and referred to within this report.
Business Strategy and Trends
The Company's strategy is to maximize long-term shareholder value by pursuing profitable growth opportunities while returning cash to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases.
Global industry demand for beverage cans has been growing in recent years in North America, Brazil and Europe. Growth has been driven by new product introductions, customer and consumer focus on the sustainability benefits of aluminum and population and GDP growth in many markets. To meet such demand, the Company made long-term investments of approximately $2,000 for new manufacturing facilities and additional production lines in existing facilities since 2019. Based on current market conditions, the Company expects to have the ability to meet expected demand growth with its current installed capital base and expects capital spending to be approximately $450 in 2025.
The Company's strategy is anchored by strong cash flow generation and a healthy balance sheet with a long-term net leverage ratio target of 2.5x adjusted EBITDA (a non-GAAP measure). The Company believes it has the flexibility and resources to fund growth, repay debt and return excess cash flow to shareholders in the future. On July 25, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of an aggregate amount of $2,000 of the Company's common stock through the end of 2027.
The Company continues to actively elevate its commitment to sustainability. In 2020, the Company introduced Twentyby30, a robust program that outlines twenty measurable, science based, environmental, social and governance goals to be completed by 2030. In 2024, the Company garnered recognition for its commitment to integrate sustainability into all aspects of the organization, including the top spot within the Sustainalytics "Container and Packaging" industry category.
The Company continues to actively manage the challenges of supply chain disruptions, foreign exchange, interest rate fluctuations, and inflationary pressures, including increasing costs for raw materials, energy and transportation. The Company generally attempts to mitigate aluminum and steel price risk by matching its purchase obligations with its sales agreements. Additionally, tariffs, retaliatory trade measures and further trade restrictions could result in higher raw material costs and a wide range of possible outcomes including impacts on consumers and industrial activity. The Company attempts to mitigate inflationary pressures on energy and raw material costs with contractual pass-through provisions that include annual selling price adjustments based on price indices. The Company also uses commodity forward contracts to manage its exposure to raw material costs. The ability to mitigate inflationary risks through these measures varies by region and the impact on the results of the Company’s segments is discussed, as applicable, under the heading "Results of Operations" below.
To date the war between Russia and Ukraine and the conflicts in the Middle East have not had a direct material impact on the Company's business, financial condition, or results of operations.
Results of Operations
The key measure used by the Company in assessing performance is segment income, a non-GAAP measure defined by the Company as income from operations adjusted to exclude intangibles amortization charges, restructuring and other and the impact of fair value adjustments to inventory acquired in an acquisition.
The foreign currency translation impacts referred to in the discussion below were primarily due to changes in the Mexican peso in the Company's Americas Beverage segment, the euro and the British pound in the Company's
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
European Beverage segment, and the Thai baht in the Company's Asia Pacific segment. The Company's Transit Packaging segment is a global business and the foreign currency translation impacts referred to in the discussion below are primarily related to the euro, the Indian rupee, the Mexican peso and the Brazilian real.
The Company calculates the impact of foreign currency translation by dividing current year U.S. dollar results by the current year average foreign exchange rates and then multiplying those amounts by the applicable prior year average exchange rates.
Net Sales and Segment Income
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net sales | $ | 3,149 | $ | 3,040 | $ | 6,036 | $ | 5,824 | |||||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024
Net sales increased primarily due to $120 from the pass-through of higher material costs, higher beverage and food can volumes in North America, as well as across the European Beverage segment and favorable foreign currency translation of $23, partially offset by lower volumes in Asia Pacific and the Transit Packaging segment.
Six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024
Net sales increased primarily due to $214 from the pass-through of higher material costs, higher beverage can volumes in the Americas and European Beverage segments and higher North American food can volumes, partially offset by lower volumes in Asia Pacific and the Transit Packaging segment.
Americas Beverage
The Americas Beverage segment manufactures aluminum beverage cans and ends, steel crowns, glass bottles and aluminum closures and supplies a variety of customers from its operations in the U.S., Brazil, Canada, Colombia and Mexico.
The U.S. and Canadian beverage can markets have experienced growth in recent years due to the introduction of new beverage products in cans versus other packaging formats. In Brazil and Mexico, the Company's volumes have increased in recent years primarily due to market growth driven by increased per capita incomes and consumption, combined with an increased preference for cans over other forms of beverage packing.
In May 2025, the Company announced it will add a new high-speed production line to its beverage can plant in Ponta Grossa, Brazil. The line is expected to commence commercial production in the third quarter of 2026.
Net sales and Segment income in the Americas Beverage segment were as follows:
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net sales | $ | 1,405 | $ | 1,325 | $ | 2,725 | $ | 2,547 | |||||||||||||||
| Segment income | 268 | 243 | 504 | 432 | |||||||||||||||||||
Three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024, Net sales increased primarily due to $83 and $154 from the pass-through of higher aluminum costs and higher volumes in both periods, partially offset by unfavorable foreign currency translation of $10 and $23.
Segment income increased primarily due to improved manufacturing performance and higher volumes.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
European Beverage
The Company's European Beverage segment manufactures aluminum beverage cans and ends and supplies a variety of customers from its operations throughout Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. In recent years, the European beverage can market has been growing due to consumer focus on sustainability benefits of aluminum and a market shift to cans versus other packaging formats.
Net sales and Segment income in the European Beverage segment were as follows:
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net sales | $ | 635 | $ | 560 | $ | 1,147 | $ | 1,042 | |||||||||||||||
| Segment income | 97 | 88 | 164 | 139 | |||||||||||||||||||
Three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024, Net sales increased primarily due to $28 and $50 from the pass-through of higher aluminum costs, higher volumes of 6% and 8% and favorable foreign currency translation of $19 and $11.
Segment income improved primarily due to higher volumes.
Asia Pacific
The Company's Asia Pacific segment consists of beverage can operations in Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam and non-beverage can operations, primarily food cans and specialty packaging. Historically, growth in the beverage can market in Southeast Asia has been driven by increased per capita incomes and consumption, combined with an increased preference for cans over other forms of beverage packaging.
In 2024, volume softness continued across each country in the Asia Pacific segment as the region continues to struggle with the effects of higher inflation and interest rates and in the fourth quarter the Company announced the closure of its beverage can facility in Sihanoukville, Cambodia.
In June 2022, the Company's Yangon, Myanmar beverage can plant was temporarily idled due to currency restrictions, which resulted in the inability to source U.S. dollars required to procure U.S. dollar raw materials. The Company began production on a limited basis in 2023 and had net sales of $2 for the six months ended June 30, 2025. Property, plant and equipment in Myanmar as of June 30, 2025 was $48, including $23 of land and buildings and $25 of machinery and equipment. The Company will continue to monitor the economic conditions and the impact to its business in Myanmar, including any alternative uses for its machinery and equipment.
Net sales and Segment income in the Asia Pacific segment were as follows:
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net sales | $ | 256 | $ | 290 | $ | 535 | $ | 569 | |||||||||||||||
| Segment income | 50 | 55 | 97 | 97 | |||||||||||||||||||
Three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024, Net sales decreased primarily due to lower volumes, partially offset by the pass-through of higher aluminum costs of $14 and $25 and favorable foreign currency translation of $7 and $11.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
Segment income was comparable to 2024 with lower volumes partially offset by $6 and $8 improved manufacturing performance, including savings realized as part of prior year restructuring actions, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively.
Transit Packaging
The Company's Transit Packaging segment includes the Company's worldwide automation and equipment technologies, protective packaging solutions and steel and plastic consumables. Automation and equipment technologies include manual, semi-automatic and automatic equipment and tools, which are primarily used in end-of-line operations to apply and remove consumables such as strap and film. Protective solutions include standard and purpose designed products, such as airbags, edge protectors, and honeycomb products, among others, that help prevent movement of, and/or damage to, a wide range of industrial and consumer goods during transport. Steel and plastic consumables include steel strap, plastic strap, industrial film and other related products that are used across a wide range of industries.
This segment may be subject to direct and indirect effects from tariffs which may slow consumer and industrial activity, the impact of which cannot be reasonably predicted. The Company will continue to monitor these conditions, including potential actions to mitigate their impact. This economic uncertainty could affect projected future financial performance and may require a quantitative goodwill impairment test in the future to determine if an impairment charge is necessary.
Net sales and Segment income in the Transit Packaging segment were as follows:
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net sales | $ | 526 | $ | 550 | $ | 1,008 | $ | 1,070 | |||||||||||||||
| Segment income | 72 | 73 | 132 | 141 | |||||||||||||||||||
Three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024, Net sales decreased primarily due to $22 and $38 of lower equipment volumes and the pass-through of lower material costs of $10 and $22, partially offset by higher steel and plastic strap volumes.
Segment income decreased primarily due to unfavorable product mix, driven by lower equipment volumes which have higher margins, partially offset by improved cost performance.
Other
Other includes the Company's food can, aerosol can and closures businesses in North America, and beverage tooling and equipment operations in the U.S. and U.K. The Company added a pet food can line to its Dubuque, Iowa plant in 2024. During the second quarter of 2024, the Company closed its food can plant in La Villa, Mexico.
Net sales and Segment income in Other were as follows:
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net sales | $ | 327 | $ | 315 | $ | 621 | $ | 596 | |||||||||||||||
| Segment income | 35 | 14 | 64 | 22 | |||||||||||||||||||
Three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024, Net sales increased primarily due to higher food can volumes of 7% and 11% partially offset by $13 and $26 related to the closure of the food can plant in La Villa, Mexico.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
Segment income increased primarily due to higher food can volumes and improved manufacturing performance, including lower start-up costs. Additionally, the six months ended June 30, 2024, included a steel repricing loss of $8.
Corporate and unallocated
Corporate and unallocated items include corporate and administrative costs, research and development, and unallocated items such as stock-based compensation and insurance costs.
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate and unallocated expense | $ | (46) | $ | (36) | $ | (87) | $ | (86) | |||||||||||||||
Corporate and unallocated expenses increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024, primarily due to higher employee compensation, including stock compensation. Additionally, the six months ended June 30, 2024, included a charge of $8 for property insurance deductible related to a facility fire.
Restructuring and other, net
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, restructuring and other net charges of $47 and $45, primarily related to an asset impairment charge in China and end line rationalization in the Asia Pacific segment. The Company also recorded severance and other exit costs in the Transit Packaging segment.
The three and six months ended June 30, 2024, restructuring and other net charges of $17 and $40 primarily included business reorganization activities in the Company's European Beverage and Other segments.
The Company continues to review its costs structure and may record additional restructuring charges in the future.
Other pension and postretirement
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024, other pension and postretirement decreased from a charge of $13 to a benefit of $1 and a charge of $24 to a charge of $4, primarily due to the transfer of portions of the Company's U.S. and Canadian defined benefit pension liabilities through the purchase of group annuity insurance contracts using pension plan assets in the third quarter of 2024.
Interest expense and interest income
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024, interest expense decreased from $112 to $103 and $225 to $202. During the same periods interest income decreased from $16 to $14 and $36 to $27. The decrease in both interest expense and interest income was due to lower borrowings, cash balances and interest rates.
Taxes on income
The Company's effective income tax rates were as follows:
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before taxes and equity in net earnings of affiliates | $ | 293 | $ | 265 | $ | 565 | $ | 399 | |||||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 78 | 54 | 124 | 94 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Effective income tax rate | 26.6 | % | 20.4 | % | 21.9 | % | 23.6 | % | |||||||||||||||
The increase in the effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024, was primarily due to a benefit of $16 taken in 2024 related to the release of a valuation allowance resulting from improved profitability in a European subsidiary. In addition, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $22 in the first quarter of 2025 after an internal reorganization which resulted in the release of deferred tax liabilities related to the foreign currency impact
28
Crown Holdings, Inc.
of certain intercompany debt instruments that were designated as hedges of the Company's net investment in a euro-based subsidiary.
On July 4, 2025, the U.S. government enacted tax reform, commonly referred to as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act ("OBBB"). OBBB amends U.S. tax law, including provisions related to bonus depreciation, interest expense limitation, research and development, global intangible low-taxed income, foreign derived intangible income and base erosion and anti-abuse tax. The Company is still evaluating the impact of the OBBB, however, does not currently believe it will have a material impact on its effective tax rate in the current year.
Effective January 1, 2024, various jurisdictions in which the Company operates have enacted the Pillar II directive which establishes a global minimum corporate tax rate of 15% initiated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ("OECD"). The Company does not currently expect Pillar II to have a material impact on its financial results, including its annual estimated effective tax rate or liquidity for 2025 based on currently enacted tax laws, however the Company continues to monitor its jurisdictions for any changes, including additional guidance from the OECD.
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 2024, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests increased from $33 to $35 and $59 and $69 primarily due to higher earnings in the Company's beverage can operations in Brazil.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Operating Activities
Cash from operating activities increased from $343 for the six months ended June 30, 2024 to $463 for the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to higher income from operations.
Days sales outstanding for trade receivables, excluding the impact of unbilled receivables, decreased from 34 days as of June 30, 2024 to 33 as of June 30, 2025.
Inventory turnover decreased from 60 days at June 30, 2024 to 57 days at June 30, 2025.
Days outstanding for trade payables increased from 87 days at June 30, 2024 to 92 days at June 30, 2025 primarily due to higher raw material costs and efforts to rebuild inventory in certain businesses.
Investing Activities
Cash used for investing activities decreased from $143 for the six months ended June 30, 2024 to $44 for the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to lower capital expenditures.
The Company currently expects capital expenditures in 2025 to be approximately $450.
Financing Activities
Cash used for financing activities increased from $70 for the six months ended June 30, 2024 to $427 for the six months ended June 30, 2025 primarily due to the repayment of $875 4.75% senior notes in 2025, partially offset by the issuance of $700 5.875% senior notes in the second quarter of 2025 and $209 of common stock repurchases.
Liquidity
As of June 30, 2025, $798 of the Company's $936 of cash and cash equivalents was located outside the U.S. The Company is not currently aware of any legal restrictions under foreign law that materially impact its access to cash held outside the U.S. The Company funds its cash needs in the U.S. through a combination of cash flows from operations, dividends from certain foreign subsidiaries, borrowings under its revolving credit facility and the acceleration of cash receipts under its receivable securitization and factoring facilities. Of the cash and cash equivalents located outside the U.S., $266 was held by subsidiaries for which earnings are considered indefinitely reinvested.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
The Company's revolving credit agreements provide capacity of $1,650 and as of June 30, 2025, the Company had available capacity of $1,619. The Company could have borrowed this amount at June 30, 2025 and still have been in compliance with its leverage ratio covenants.
The Company's debt agreements contain covenants that limit the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to, among other things, incur additional debt, pay dividends or repurchase capital stock, make certain other restricted payments, create liens and engage in sale and leaseback transactions. These restrictions are subject to a number of exceptions, however, which allow the Company to incur additional debt, create liens or make otherwise restricted payments provided that the Company is in compliance with applicable financial and other covenants and meets certain liquidity requirements.
The Company’s revolving credit facilities and term loan facilities also contain a total leverage ratio covenant. The leverage ratio is calculated as total net debt divided by Consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the credit agreement). Total net debt is defined in the credit agreement as total debt less cash and cash equivalents. Consolidated EBITDA is calculated as the sum of, among other things, net income attributable to Crown Holdings, net income attributable to certain of the Company's subsidiaries, income taxes, interest expense, depreciation and amortization, and certain non-cash charges. The Company’s total net leverage ratio of 2.5 to 1.0 at June 30, 2025 was in compliance with the covenant requiring a ratio no greater than 4.5 to 1.0. The ratio is calculated at the end of each quarter using debt and cash balances as of the end of the quarter and Consolidated EBITDA for the most recent twelve months. Failure to meet the financial covenant could result in the acceleration of any outstanding amounts due under the revolving credit facilities and term loan facilities.
In order to reduce leverage and future interest payments, the Company may from time to time repurchase outstanding notes and debentures with cash or seek to refinance its existing credit facilities and other indebtedness. The Company will evaluate any such transactions in light of any required premiums and then existing market conditions and may determine not to pursue such transactions.
The Company’s current sources of liquidity also include a securitization facility with a program limit up to a maximum of $800 that expires in July 2027 and securitization facilities with program limits of $230 and $160 that expire in November 2025.
The Company utilizes its cash flows from operations, borrowings under its revolving credit facilities and the acceleration of cash receipts under its receivables securitization and factoring programs to primarily fund its operations, capital expenditures and financing obligations.
Long-term debt payments due in the next twelve months include the Company's €500 million ($589 million at June 30, 2025) 2.875% senior notes due in February 2026. The Company expects to have sufficient liquidity to refinance the senior notes or repay them at maturity.
Capital Resources
As of June 30, 2025, the Company had approximately $127 of capital commitments primarily related to Americas Beverage and European Beverage. The Company expects to fund these commitments primarily through cash flows from operations.
Contractual Obligations
There were no material changes to the Company's contractual obligations provided within Part II, Item 7, “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
Supplemental Guarantor Financial Information
The Company and certain of its 100% directly or indirectly owned subsidiaries provide guarantees of senior notes and debentures issued by other 100% directly or indirectly owned subsidiaries. These senior notes and debentures are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and substantially all of its subsidiaries in the United States, except in the case of the Company’s outstanding senior notes issued by Crown Cork & Seal Company, Inc., which are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Crown Holdings, Inc. (Parent). No other subsidiary guarantees the debt and the guarantees are made on a joint and several basis.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
The following tables present summarized financial information related to the senior notes issued by the Company’s subsidiary debt issuers and guarantors on a combined basis for each issuer and its guarantors (together, an “obligor group”) after elimination of (i) intercompany transactions and balances among the Parent and the guarantors and (ii) equity in earnings from and investments in any subsidiary that is a non-guarantor. Crown Cork Obligor group consists of Crown Cork & Seal Company, Inc. and the Parent. Crown Americas Obligor group consists of Crown Americas LLC, Crown Americas Capital Corp. V, Crown Americas Capital Corp. VI, the Parent, and substantially all of the Company’s subsidiaries in the United States.
Crown Cork Obligor Group
| Six Months Ended | |||||||||||
| June 30, 2025 | |||||||||||
| Net sales | $ | — | |||||||||
| Gross Profit | — | ||||||||||
| Loss from operations | (12) | ||||||||||
Net loss1 | (22) | ||||||||||
Net loss attributable to Crown Holdings1 | (22) | ||||||||||
(1) Includes $31 of expense related to intercompany interest with non-guarantor subsidiaries
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current assets | $ | 31 | $ | 47 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Non-current assets | 27 | 22 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities | 56 | 68 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current liabilities1 | 6,906 | 6,647 | |||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Includes payables of $6,232 and $5,905 due to non-guarantor subsidiaries as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024
Crown Americas Obligor Group
| Six Months Ended | |||||||||||
| June 30, 2025 | |||||||||||
Net sales1 | $ | 2,562 | |||||||||
Gross profit2 | 450 | ||||||||||
Income from operations2 | 177 | ||||||||||
Net loss3 | (56) | ||||||||||
Net loss attributable to Crown Holdings3 | (56) | ||||||||||
(1) Includes $222 of sales to non-guarantor subsidiaries
(2) Includes $22 of gross profit related to sales to non-guarantor subsidiaries
(3) Includes $4 of expense related to intercompany interest and technology royalties with non-guarantor subsidiaries
| June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets1 | $ | 1,020 | $ | 1,056 | |||||||||||||||||||
Non-current assets2 | 3,674 | 3,756 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Current liabilities3 | 1,258 | 1,158 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current liabilities4 | 5,780 | 6,136 | |||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Includes receivables of $36 and $32 due from non-guarantor subsidiaries as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(2) Includes receivables of $248 and $167 due from non-guarantor subsidiaries as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(3) Includes payables of $16 and $20 due to non-guarantor subsidiaries as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(4) Includes payables of $943 and $2,242 due to non-guarantor subsidiaries as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
Information regarding the Company's commitments and contingent liabilities appears in Part I within Item 1 of this report under Note J, entitled “Commitments and Contingent Liabilities,” to the consolidated financial statements, and in Part II within Item 1A of this report which information is incorporated herein by reference.
Critical Accounting Policies
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. which require that management make numerous estimates and assumptions.
Actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions, impacting the reported results of operations and financial condition of the Company. Part II, Item 7, “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Note A to the consolidated financial statements contained in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 describe the significant accounting estimates and policies used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. Updates to the Company's accounting policies related to new accounting pronouncements, as applicable, are included in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Forward Looking Statements
Statements included herein, including, but not limited to, those in “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in the discussions of asbestos in Note I and commitments and contingencies in Note J to the consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and also in Part I, Item 1, “Business” and Item 3, “Legal Proceedings” and in Part II, Item 7, “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” within the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, which are not historical facts (including any statements concerning the conflicts in the Middle East and the Russia-Ukraine war, objectives of management for share repurchases, dividends, future operations or economic performance, or assumptions related thereto, including the potential for higher interest rates, energy and raw material prices, including tariffs, retaliatory trade measures and further trade restrictions), are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the federal securities laws. In addition, the Company and its representatives may, from time to time, make oral or written statements which are also “forward-looking statements.”
These forward-looking statements are made based upon management's expectations and beliefs concerning future events impacting the Company and, therefore, involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Management cautions that forward-looking statements are not guarantees and that actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements.
While the Company periodically reassesses material trends and uncertainties affecting the Company's results of operations and financial condition in connection with the preparation of “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and certain other sections contained in the Company's quarterly, annual or other reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), the Company does not intend to review or revise any particular forward-looking statement in light of future events.
A discussion of important factors that could cause the actual results of operations or financial condition of the Company to differ from expectations has been set forth in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 within Part II, Item 7: “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” under the caption “Forward Looking Statements” and is incorporated herein by reference. Some of the factors are also discussed elsewhere in this Form 10-Q (including under Item 1A of Part II below) and in prior Company filings with the SEC. In addition, other factors have been or may be discussed from time to time in the Company's SEC filings.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
In the normal course of business the Company is subject to risk from adverse fluctuations in foreign exchange and interest rates and commodity prices. The Company manages these risks through a program that includes the use of derivative financial instruments, primarily swaps and forwards. Counterparties to these contracts are major financial institutions. The Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the counterparties. These instruments are not used for trading or speculative purposes. The extent to which the Company uses such instruments
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
is dependent upon its access to these contracts in the financial markets and its success in using other methods, such as netting exposures in the same currencies to mitigate foreign exchange risk and using sales arrangements that permit the pass-through of commodity prices and foreign exchange rate risks to customers. The Company's objective in managing its exposure to market risk is to limit the impact on earnings and cash flow. For further discussion of the Company's use of derivative instruments and their fair values at June 30, 2025, see Note K to the consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
As of June 30, 2025, the Company had $1.8 billion principal floating interest rate debt and $1.4 billion of securitization and factoring. A change of 0.25% in these floating interest rates would change annual interest expense by approximately $8 million before tax.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, management, including the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation and as of the end of the quarter for which this report is made, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective. Disclosure controls and procedures ensure that information to be disclosed in reports that the Company files and submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and terms of the SEC, and ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There has been no change in internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
For information regarding the Company's potential asbestos-related liabilities and other litigation, see Note I entitled “Asbestos-Related Liabilities” and Note J entitled “Commitments and Contingent Liabilities” to the consolidated financial statements within Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
The information set forth in this report should be read in conjunction with the risk factors discussed in Item 1A of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Such risks are not the only risks facing the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to the Company or that the Company currently deems to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition and/or operating results.
Item 2. Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
During the three months ended June 30, 2025, 61,713 shares were surrendered to cover taxes on the vesting of restricted stock.
In July 2024, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of an aggregate amount of $2,000 of the Company's common stock through the end of 2027. Share repurchases under the Company's program may be made in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions, and at times and in such amounts as management deems appropriate. The Company has remaining Board authorization to repurchase $1,593 of the Company's common stock under the program as of June 30, 2025.
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
There were no events required to be reported under Item 3 for the six months ended June 30, 2025.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers;
Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.
On July 24, 2025, Christy Kalaus, Vice President and Corporate Controller, informed the Company that she is resigning to pursue another opportunity. Her decision to resign was due to personal reasons and was not a result of any disagreement with the Company on any matter relating to the Company’s financial statements, internal control over financial reporting, operations, policies or practices. Ms. Kalaus’s last day of employment with the Company is expected to be on or about August 25, 2025.
Kevin C. Clothier, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, will become interim principal accounting officer, effective August 25, 2025. Mr. Clothier will continue to serve as the Company’s Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, which position he has held since January 2022.
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans
Item 6. Exhibits
| 3.1(a) | |||||||||||
| 10.1 | |||||||||||
| 10.2 | |||||||||||
| 10.3 | |||||||||||
| 10.4 | |||||||||||
| 10.5 | |||||||||||
| 22 | |||||||||||
| 31.1 | |||||||||||
| 31.2 | |||||||||||
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Crown Holdings, Inc.
| 32 | |||||||||||
| 101 | The following financial information from the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 formatted in inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, (iii) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, (v) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. | ||||||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). | ||||||||||
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Crown Holdings, Inc. Registrant | ||||||||
| By: | /s/ Christy L. Kalaus | |||||||
| Christy L. Kalaus | ||||||||
| Vice President and Corporate Controller | ||||||||
Date: July 29, 2025
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