UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
For the quarterly period ended
OR
For the transition period from ______to _______
Commission file number
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
| | ||
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number,
including area code:
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
| The |
Indicate by check mark whether
the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether
the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T
(§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit
such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ||
| Emerging growth company |
If an emerging growth company,
indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial
accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether
the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act) Yes ☐
No
As of November 18, 2024, there were
i
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Report”) contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, as amended (the “Securities Act”), Section 21E of the Exchange Act, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may be preceded by, or contain, words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “might,” “could,” “would,” “should” or other words indicating future results, though not all forward-looking statements necessarily contain these identifying words. All statements other than statements of historical fact are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, statements about our future business operations and results, our strategy and competition. These statements represent our current expectations or beliefs concerning various future events and involve numerous risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations, including, but not limited to:
| ● | our ability to obtain additional funding to market our vehicles and develop new products; |
| ● | our ability to produce our vehicles with sufficient volume and quality to satisfy customers; |
| ● | the inability of our principal vendors to deliver the necessary components for our vehicles at prices and volumes acceptable to us; |
| ● | our principal vendors failing to perform quality control on our products; |
| ● | the inability to obtain sufficient intellectual property protection for our brand and technologies; |
| ● | our vehicles failing to perform as expected; |
| ● | our facing product warranty claims or product recalls; |
| ● | our facing adverse determinations in significant product liability claims; |
| ● | customers not adopting electric vehicles; |
| ● | the development of alternative technology that adversely affects our business; |
| ● | the lingering impact of COVID-19 on our business; |
| ● | increased government regulation of our industry; |
| ● | the risk of losing cash balances exceeding insurance limits held at banks; | |
| ● | our ability to grow the rental services; | |
| ● | our ability to continue as a going concern; | |
| ● | our ability to regain and maintain compliance with the continued listing standards of the Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”); | |
| ● | tariffs and currency exchange rates; and | |
| ● | the other risks and uncertainties discussed under the section titled “Risk Factors” beginning on page 44 of this Report and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). |
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any of the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus may not occur.
You should read this Report with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of the forward-looking statements in the foregoing documents by these cautionary statements.
ii
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
FLY-E GROUP, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Expressed in U.S. dollars, except for the number of shares)
| September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current Assets | ||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accounts receivable | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable – related parties | ||||||||
| Inventories, net | ||||||||
| Prepayments and other receivables | ||||||||
| Prepayments and other receivables – related parties | ||||||||
| Total Current Assets | ||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||||
| Security deposits | ||||||||
| Deferred IPO costs | ||||||||
| Deferred tax assets, net | ||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | ||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | ||||||||
| Long-term prepayment for property | ||||||||
| Long-term prepayment for software development– related parties | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
| Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
Short-term loan payables | ||||||||
| Current portion of long-term loan payables | ||||||||
| Short term mortgage loan payables | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other payables | ||||||||
| Other payables – related parties | ||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities – current | ||||||||
| Taxes payable | ||||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Long-term loan payables | ||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities – non-current | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities | ||||||||
| Commitment and Contingencies | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
| Preferred stock, $ | ||||||||
| Common stock, $ | ||||||||
| Additional Paid-in Capital | ||||||||
| Shares Subscription Receivable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Retained Earnings | ||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total FLY-E Group, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | $ | $ | ||||||
| * |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
1
FLY-E GROUP, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND
COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(Expressed in U.S. dollars, except for the number of shares)
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | For the Six Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Cost of Revenues | ||||||||||||||||
| Gross Profit | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Selling Expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| General and Administrative Expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Total Operating Expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| (Loss) Income from Operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Other Income (Expenses), net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Interest Expenses, net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| (Loss) Income Before Income Taxes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Income Tax Benefit (Expense) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Net (Loss) Income | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||
| Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | ||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | ||||||||||||||||
| Total Comprehensive (Loss) Income | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||
| (Losses) Earnings per Share* | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||
| Weighted Average Number of Common Stock | ||||||||||||||||
| – Basic and Diluted* | ||||||||||||||||
| * |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
2
FLY-E GROUP, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Expressed in U.S. dollars, except for the number of shares)
| Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional Paid-in | Shares Subscription | Accumulated Other | Retained | Total Stockholders’ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares* | Amount | Shares* | Amount | Capital | Receivables | Comprehensive | Earnings | Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at March 31, 2024 | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Loss | — | — | — | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock upon initial public offering, net | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Loss | — | — | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at September 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| * |
| Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Shares Subscription | Additional Paid-in | Retained | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares* | Amount | Shares* | Amount | Receivables | Capital | Earnings | Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at March 31, 2023 | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital Contribution | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2023 | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at September 30, 2023 | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| * | Shares and per share data are presented on a retroactive basis to reflect the nominal share issuance on December 21, 2022 and to give effect to the stock split completed on April 2, 2024. |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
FLY-E GROUP, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Expressed in U.S. dollars, except for the number of shares)
| For the Six Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||||
| Net (loss) income | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
| Depreciation expense | ||||||||
| Amortization expense | ||||||||
| Deferred income taxes (benefits) expenses | ( | ) | ||||||
| Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets | ||||||||
| Inventories reserve | ||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Accounts receivable – related parties | ( | ) | ||||||
| Inventories | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Prepayments and other receivables | ( | ) | ) | |||||
| Prepayments for operation services to related parties | ( | ) | ||||||
| Security deposits | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Accounts payable | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accrued expenses and other payables | ( | ) | ||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Taxes payable | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities | ||||||||
| Purchases of equipment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Purchase of Software from a related party | ( | ) | ||||||
| Prepayment for purchasing software from a related party | ( | ) | ||||||
| Repayment from a related party | ||||||||
| Advance to a related party | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash flows from financing activities | ||||||||
| Advance to a related party | ( | ) | ||||||
| Borrowing from loan payables | ||||||||
| Repayments of loan payables | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Repayments on other payables - related parties | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Payments of related party loan | ( | ) | ||||||
| Capital Contributions from Stockholders | ||||||||
| Payments of IPO cost | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net proceeds from issuance of common stock - IPO | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net changes in cash | ( | ) | ||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | ||||||||
| Cash at beginning of the period | ||||||||
| Cash at the end of the period | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information | ||||||||
| Cash paid for interest expense | $ | $ | ||||||
| Cash paid for income taxes | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities | ||||||||
| Settlement of accounts payable by related parties | $ | $ | ||||||
| Settlement of accounts payable by capital contribution | $ | $ | ||||||
| Purchase of vehicle funded by loan | $ | $ | ||||||
| Purchase of office funded by loan | $ | $ | ||||||
| Purchase software and office by using previous prepayments | $ | $ | ||||||
| Deferred IPO cost recognized as additional paid-in capital | $ | $ | ||||||
| Termination of operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
| Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
FLY-E GROUP, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
1 — DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS, ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Organization and principal activities
Fly-E Group, Inc. (the “Company” or “Fly-E Group”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on November 1, 2022. The Company has no substantive operations other than holding all of the issued and outstanding shares of Fly E-Bike Inc. (“Fly E-Bike”) and Fly EV, Inc. (“Fly EV”). Fly E-Bike and Fly EV were incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on August 22, 2022 and November 1, 2022, respectively. Fly EV has no substantive operations. The Company, through its wholly owned subsidiaries, is principally engaged in designing, installing and selling smart electric bikes (“E-bikes”), electric motorcycles (“E-motorcycles”), electric scooters (“E-scooters”), and related accessories under the brand name of “Fly E-Bike.” The Company’s principal operations and geographic markets are mainly in the United States of America (the “U.S.”). As of November 14, 2024, the Company has opened a total of 37 stores, including 36 stores, including 36 retail stores in the U.S and one retail store in Canada. The Company offers rental services from selected locations. The Company also operates one online store, focusing on selling E-motorcycles, E-bikes, and E-scooters. The Company plans to open another online store focusing on selling gas bikes in the future.
The Company’s business was initially operated under CTATE INC. (“Ctate”), a corporation formed under the laws of the State of New York in 2018. Before merging with Fly E-Bike, Ctate owned 27 companies, each of which operated a Fly E-Bike store. On September 12, 2022, Ctate and Fly E-Bike, which was a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ctate, entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, pursuant to which Ctate merged into and with Fly E-Bike, with Fly E-Bike being the surviving corporation (the “Merger”). As a result of the Merger, the original shareholders of Ctate became the stockholders of Fly E-Bike and subsequently effectively controlled the combined entity.
On December 21, 2022, Fly-E Group and Fly E-Bike entered into a Share Exchange Agreement, pursuant to which Fly-E Group acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Fly E-Bike by issuing its shares to the stockholders of Fly E-Bike on a one-for-one basis (the “Share Exchange”). As a result of the Share Exchange, Fly E-Bike became a wholly owned subsidiary of Fly-E Group.
As a result of the Merger and the Share Exchange, Fly E-Bike and its subsidiaries are under common control of Fly-E Group, resulting in the consolidation of Fly E-Bike and its subsidiaries, which was accounted as a reorganization of entities under common control at carrying value. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared on the basis as if the reorganization became effective as of the beginning of the first period presented in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Fly-E Group.
On June 7, 2024, the Company issued
| Name | Background | Ownership | ||
| FLY-E GROUP, INC. | ● A Delaware corporation ● Incorporated on November 1, 2022 ● A holding company | |||
| FLY EV, INC. | ● A Delaware corporation ● Incorporated on November 1, 2022 ● A holding Company | |||
| FLY E-BIKE, INC. | ● A Delaware Company ● Incorporated on August 22, 2022 ● A holding Company | |||
| UNIVERSE KING CORP | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on November 19, 2018 ● A retail store | |||
| UFOTS CORP. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on May 2, 2019 ● A retail store |
5
| ARFY CORP. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on April 29, 2020 ● A retail store | |||
| TKPGO CORP. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on July 3, 2018 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYFLS INC | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on October 13, 2020 ● A retail store and corporate office | |||
| FLY37 INC | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on October 14, 2020 ● A retail store | |||
| FIYET INC | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on November 12, 2020 ● A retail store | |||
| FLY GC INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on November 13, 2020 ● A retail store | |||
| FLY MHT INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on December 15, 2020 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYAM INC | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on February 19, 2021 ● A retail store | |||
| OFLYO INC | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on March 29, 2021 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYEBIKE INC | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on March 30, 2021 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYCLB INC | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on April 15, 2021 ● A retail store |
6
| FLYEBIKE NJ INC | ● A New Jersey corporation ● Incorporated on June 8, 2021 ● A retail store | |||
| ESEBIKE INC | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on October 13, 2021 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYEBIKEMIAMI INC | ● A Florida corporation ● Incorporated on June 30, 2021 ● A retail store | |||
| GOFLY INC | ● A Texas corporation ● Incorporated on July 23, 2021 ● A retail store | |||
| FLY14 CORP. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on September 15, 2021 ● A retail store | |||
| EDISONEBIKE INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on October 13, 2021 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYTRON INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on November 9, 2021 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYCYCLE INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on January 10, 2022 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYNJ2 INC. | ● A New Jersey corporation ● Incorporated on February 10, 2022 ● A retail store |
7
| FLYBWY INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on March 2, 2022 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYCORONA INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on March 9, 2022 ● A retail store | |||
| MEEBIKE | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on March 25, 2022 ● A retail store | |||
| FLY6AVE, INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on April 16, 2022 ● A retail store | |||
| FLY E BIKE NJ3, INC | ● A New Jersey corporation ● Incorporated on July 18, 2022 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYEBIKE BROOKLYN, INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on November 2, 2022 ● A retail store | |||
| FLY E-BIKE SAN ANTONIO INC | ● A Texas corporation ● Incorporated on January 1, 2023 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYEBIKE WORLD INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on February 27, 2023 ● A retail store | |||
| FLY DELIVERY INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on March 2, 2023 ● A delivery store | |||
| FLYEBIKE MIAMI2 INC. | ● A Florida corporation ● Incorporated on April 13, 2023 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYDC INC. | ● A Washington, DC corporation ● Incorporated on May 31, 2023 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYMHT659 INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on June 2, 2023 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYBX745 INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on June 15, 2023 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYJH8509 INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on August 30, 2023 ● A retail store |
8
| FLYBX2381 INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on August 30, 2023 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYNJ4 INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on October 4, 2023 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYTORONTO Corp. | ● A Toronto corporation ● Incorporated on October 18, 2023 ● A retail store | |||
| FLYLA INC. | ● A California corporation ● Incorporated on December 1, 2023 ● A retail store | |||
| FWMOTOR INC. | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on April 3, 2024 ● A retail store | |||
| DCMOTOR INC. | ● A Maryland corporation ● Incorporated on April 9, 2024 ● A retail store | |||
| AOFL LLC | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on June 25, 2024 ● A holding company | |||
| GOBIKE INC | ● A New York corporation ● Incorporated on July 16, 2024 ● A rental store | |||
| FLYEBIKE BOSTON INC. | ● A Massachusetts corporation ● Incorporated on September 1, 2024 ● A retail store |
Liquidity and Going Concern
In assessing the Company’s liquidity, the Company monitors and analyzes its cash on-hand and its operating and capital expenditure commitments. The Company’s liquidity needs are to meet its working capital requirements, operating expenses and capital expenditure obligations. Debt financing from financial institutions and equity financings have been utilized to finance the working capital requirements of the Company.
On June 7, 2024, the Company closed the IPO of
As of September 30, 2024, the Company had working
capital of approximately $
9
2 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
(a) Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (the “U.S. GAAP”) and regulations of the Securities Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contemplate the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business are dependent on, among other things, the Company’s ability to operate profitably, to generate cash flows from operations, and its ability to attract investors and to borrow funds on reasonable economic terms. The results of operations for the six months ended September 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any other interim period or for the full fiscal year ending March 31, 2025. Accordingly, these statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and note thereto as of and for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
(b) Principles of Consolidation
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries over which the Company exercises control and, when applicable, entities for which the Company has a controlling financial interest. All transactions and balances among the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation.
(c) Segment Information
The Company’s chief operating decision-makers (i.e., chief executive officer and his direct reports) review financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by disaggregated information about revenues by different revenues streams for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. The Company and its subsidiaries offer E-bikes, E-motorcycles, E-scooters and other items and services in its stores. The Company’s retail operating divisions are geographically based, have similar economic characteristics and similar expected long-term financial performance. Because substantially all of the Company’s long-lived assets and revenues are located in and derived from the U.S., geographical segments are not presented. The Company’s operating segments are reported in one reportable segment. There are no segment managers who are held accountable for operations, operating results and plans for levels or components below the consolidated unit level. Based on qualitative and quantitative criteria established by Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 280, “Segment Reporting”, the Company considers itself to be operating within one reportable segment.
(d) Use of Estimates
In the application of the Company’s accounting policies, management is required to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered relevant. Significant accounting estimates include, but not limited to, useful lives of depreciable property and equipment, impairment of long-lived assets, the realization of deferred income tax assets, allowance for inventories, and discount rate for operating leases. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and as such, differences may be material to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
(e) Commitments and Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to loss contingencies, such as legal proceedings and claims arising out of its business, which cover a wide range of matters, including, among others, government investigations, shareholder lawsuits, and non-income tax matters.
An accrual for a loss contingency is recognized when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. If a potential material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if determinable and material, is disclosed.
10
(f) Cash
Cash consists of cash on hand and cash deposited
with banks. The Company’s cash is maintained at financial institutions in the U.S. Deposits in these financial institutions
may, from time to time, exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s (the “FDIC”) federally insured limit, which
is $
(g) Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable includes trade account due from customers. Accounts receivable is recorded at the invoiced amount less an allowance for any uncollectible accounts and does not bear interest, which is due after 30 to 90 days, depending on the credit term with the customers. Accounts receivable which is deemed to be uncollectible is charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.
The Company adopt the current expected credit loss model (“CECL model”) to estimate the expected credit losses, which is determined by multiplying the probability of default. In determining the probability of default, the Company mainly considers factors such as aging schedule of receivables, migration rate of receivables, assessment of receivables due from specific identifiable counterparties that are considered at risk or uncollectible, current market conditions, as well as reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions.
There was and allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively.
(h) Inventories, Net
Inventories, consisting of products available for sale, are stated
at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the first-in-first-out method. Adjustments to the carrying value are recorded for estimated
obsolescence or excess inventory equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated net realizable value based upon
assumptions about future demand and market conditions. Inventory cost consists of the direct cost of merchandise including freight. For
the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the impairment loss was $
11
(i) Prepayments and Other Receivables
Prepayments and other receivables are mainly prepayments to vendors, prepaid expenses paid to service providers, prepaid taxes, advances to employees, and other deposits. Management regularly reviews the aging of such balances and changes in payment and realization trends and records allowances when management believes that the collection of amounts due is at risk. Accounts considered uncollectable are written off against allowances after exhaustive efforts at collection are made. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, no allowance against prepayments and other receivables was recorded.
(j) Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any recorded impairment.
| Machinery and equipment | ||
| Furniture and fixtures | ||
| Leasehold improvements | ||
| Motor vehicles | ||
| Buildings |
Depreciation on property and equipment is calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets sold or otherwise retired are eliminated from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in the consolidated statements of operations. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to earnings as incurred, while additions, renewals, and betterments, which are expected to extend the useful life of assets, are capitalized. The Company also re-evaluates the periods of depreciation to determine whether subsequent events and circumstances warrant revised estimates of useful lives.
Construction in progress
Direct costs that are related to the construction
of property, equipment and software and incurred in connection with bringing the assets to their intended use are capitalized as construction
in progress. Construction in progress is transferred to specific property, equipment and software items and the depreciation of these
assets commences when the assets are ready for their intended use. In December 2023, the Company engaged DF Technology US Inc (“DFT”),
a related party, for certain technology services, such as enterprise resource planning system (“ERP system”). As of September
30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, construction in progress was $
(k) Intangible Assets
Intangible asset is stated at cost less accumulated amortization and amortized in a method which reflects the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible asset are expected to be consumed or otherwise used up. The balance of intangible asset represents internal use software and property rights. The software is acquired externally tailored to the Company’s requirements. The Company capitalizes the costs associated with design, development, acquisition and maintenance of its acquired intangible assets and amortizes these assets over their remaining useful lives on a straight-line basis. Any further payments made to maintain or develop these assets would be capitalized and amortized over the balance of the useful life for the assets. The estimated useful life and amortization method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in the estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis.
12
| Property rights | ||
| Software |
(l) Impairment of Long-lived Assets
At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its property, plant and equipment, intangible assets subject to amortization, and right-of-use assets, to determine whether there is any indication that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company assesses the recoverability of the assets based on the undiscounted future cash flows the assets are expected to generate and recognize an impairment loss when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the asset, if any, are less than the carrying value of the asset. If an impairment is identified, the Company will reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flows approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, impairment of long-lived assets was recognized.
(m) Deferred IPO Costs
The Company complies with the requirements of FASB ASC Topic 340-10-S99-1,
“Other Assets and Deferred Costs — SEC Materials” (“ASC 340-10-S99”) and SEC Staff Accounting
Bulletin Topic 5A, “Expenses of Offering”. Deferred IPO costs consist of underwriting, legal, accounting and other professional
expenses incurred through the balance sheet date that are directly related to the initial public offering of the Company and that will
be charged to additional paid in capital upon the completion of the offering. Total deferred offering cost of $
(n) Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Valuation techniques maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and consider assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. The following summarizes the three levels of inputs required to measure fair value, of which the first two are considered observable and the third is considered unobservable:
| Level-1 | — | Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. |
| Level-2 | — | Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace. |
| Level-3 | — | Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity. |
The fair value for certain assets and liabilities such as cash, accounts receivable, other receivables, prepayments and other current assets, short-term loans, accounts payable, contract liabilities, accrued expenses and other payables, and tax payables have been determined to approximate carrying amounts due to the short maturities of these instruments. The Company believes that its long-term loan to a third party approximates the fair value based on current yields for debt instruments with similar terms. The Company and its subsidiaries did not have any non-financial assets or liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024.
(o) Revenue Recognition
The Company follows the revenue accounting requirements of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The core principle underlying the revenue recognition of this ASC allows the Company to recognize revenue that represents the transfer of products and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in such exchange. This will require the Company to identify contractual performance obligations and determine whether revenue should be recognized at a point in time or over time, based on when control of products and services transfers to a customer.
To achieve that core principle, the Company applies a five-step model to recognize revenue from customer contracts. The five-step model requires that the Company (i) identify the contract with the customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, including variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant future reversal will not occur, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the respective performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance obligation.
13
Product revenue — Performance obligation satisfied at point in time
The Company generates substantially all its revenues from sales of products such as smart E-bikes, E-motorcycles, E-scooters and accessories to the retail and wholesale customers through its wholly owned subsidiaries stores. In accordance with ASC 606, the Company’s performance obligations are satisfied upon the control of products being passed to the customer, which is the point in time that the customers are able to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the economic benefit of the products or services. The transfer of control typically occurs at a point in time based on consideration of when the customer has an obligation to pay for the products, and physical possession of, legal title to, and the risks and rewards of ownership of the products have been transferred, and the customer has accepted the products. Revenue is recognized net of estimates of variable consideration, including product returns, customer discounts and allowance. which occurs at the point of sale, or the services have been rendered. Historically, the Company has not experienced any significant returns nor provided significant customer discounts.
The Company offers an assurance-type warranty to its customers. An assurance-type warranty guarantees that the product will perform as promised and is not a performance obligation. This type of warranty promises to repair or replace a delivered good or service if it does not perform as expected. Since an assurance-type warranty guarantees the functionality of a product, the warranty is not accounted for as a separate performance obligation, and thus no transaction price is allocated to it. Rather, to account for an assurance-type warranty the vendor should estimate and accrue a warranty liability when the promised good or service is delivered to the customer (see ASC 460-10).
Since the contract price and term are fixed and
enforceable, and an assurance-type warranty guarantees the functionality of a product, and the warranty is not accounted for as a separate
performance obligation, no transaction price is allocated to it. The Company recognizes sales in full at the point in time when the products
are delivered or accepted by the customers, in accordance with the acceptance term specified in the contract. The Company records estimated
future warranty costs under ASC 460. Such estimated costs for warranties are estimated at the time of delivery and these warranties
are not service warranties separately sold by the Company. Generally, the estimated claim rates of warranty are based on actual warranty
experience or the Company’s best estimate. The Company accrued $
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | For the Six Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Revenues-retail | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Revenues-wholesale | ||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
(p) Selling Expenses
Selling expenses mainly consist of advertising
costs, marketing referring expenses and payroll and related expenses for personnel engaged in selling and marketing activities. Advertising
expenses, which consist primarily of online and offline advertisements, are expenses when the services are received. The advertising expenses
were $
14
(q) Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses include salaries for the Company’s research and development personnel, as well as related development
expenses paid to the third-party development team. The Company recognizes internal use software acquired and internally developed in accordance
with ASC 350-40 “Software—internal use software”. The Company expenses all costs that are incurred in connection with
the planning and implementation phases of development, and costs that are associated with maintenance of the existing software for internal
use. Certain costs associated with developing internal-use software are capitalized when such costs are incurred within the application
development stage of software development. As a result, the Company expensed the development costs of the Fly E-Bike app as they incurred.
For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, development costs amounted to $
(r) Income Taxes
Current income taxes are provided based on net income/(loss) for financial reporting purposes and adjusted for income and expense items which are not assessable or deductible for income tax purposes, in accordance with the regulations of the relevant tax jurisdictions.
Deferred taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method in respect of temporary differences arising from differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the corresponding tax basis used in the computation of assessable tax profit. In principle, deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets (the “DTAs”) are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilized.
Deferred tax is calculated using tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realized, or the liability is settled. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it is related to items credited or charged directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. DTAs are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all the DTAs will not be realized. Current income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws of the relevant taxing authorities.
An uncertain tax position is recognized as a benefit
only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination
being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than
(s) Leases
The Company accounts for leases in accordance with ASC 842. The Company leases premises for offices, warehouses, and retail stores under non-cancellable operating leases.
The Company recognizes right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for all leases at the commencement date of a lease, except for short-term leases and low-value asset leases accounted for applying a recognition exemption where lease payments are recognized as expenses on a straight-line basis over the lease terms. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are short-term leases and not recognized as operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company recognizes lease expense for short-term leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Right-of-use assets are initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial measurement of lease liabilities adjusted for lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs needed to restore the underlying assets, and less any lease incentives received. Right-of-use assets are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liabilities. Right-of-use assets are presented on a separate line in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
15
Right-of-use assets are depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement dates to the earlier of the end of the useful lives of the right-of-use assets or the end of the lease terms.
Lease liabilities are initially measured at the
present value of the lease payments, which comprise fixed payments, in-substance fixed payments, variable lease payments which depend
on an index or a rate. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in a lease if that rate can be readily determined.
If that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company uses the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate. Subsequently, lease liabilities
are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, with interest expense recognized over the lease terms. When there
is a change in a lease term or a change in future lease payments resulting from a change in an index or a rate used to determine those
payments, the Company remeasures the lease liabilities with a corresponding adjustment to the right-of-use-assets. However, if the carrying
amount of the right-of-use assets is reduced to
Variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate are recognized as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.
(t) Concentration Risk
Concentration of customers and suppliers
No customers individually represented greater than 10% of total net revenues of the Company for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
For the three months ended September 30,
2024, the Company’s top three suppliers represented
Concentration of credit risk
Financial instruments that are potentially subject to credit risk consist principally of accounts receivable. The Company believes the concentration of credit risk in its account receivable is substantially mitigated by its ongoing credit evaluation process and relatively short collection terms. The Company does not generally require collateral from customers. The Company evaluates the need for an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends, and other information. Historically, the Company did not have any bad debt on its account receivable.
Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, term deposits, restricted cash, short-term investments, and accounts receivable, net. The Company’s investment policy requires cash and cash equivalents, term deposits, restricted cash, and short-term investments to be placed with high-quality financial institutions and to limit the amount of credit risk from any one issuer. The Company regularly evaluates the credit standing of the counterparties or financial institutions.
(u) Related Parties
A related party is generally defined as (i) any person and or their immediate family hold 10% or more of the Company’s securities (ii) the Company’s management and/or their immediate family, (iii) someone that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the Company, or (iv) anyone who can significantly influence the financial and operating decisions of the Company. A transaction is considered to be a related party transaction when there is a transfer of resources or obligations between related parties. Related parties may be individuals or corporate entities. Transactions involving related parties cannot be presumed to be carried out on an arm’s length basis, as the requisite conditions of competitive, free market dealings may not exist. Representations about transactions with related parties, if made, shall not imply that the related party transactions were consummated on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm’s length transactions unless such representations can be substantiated.
16
(v) Earnings Per Share
The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share”. ASC 260 requires companies to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average common stock outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue ordinary shares were exercised and converted into ordinary shares. Potential shares of common stock that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.
For the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, the Company had potential shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Representative’s Warrants (as defined below). As the Company incurred losses for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, these potential shares of common stock were anti-dilutive and excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share. For the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, there were no dilutive shares.
(w) Foreign Currencies Translation
Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency using the applicable exchange rates at the balance sheet dates. The resulting exchange differences are recorded in the statement of operations. The reporting currency of the Company is United States Dollar ($). The Company’s subsidiary in Canada maintains its books and records in its local currency, Canadian dollar (CAD), which is the functional currency for this subsidiary as it is the primary currency of the economic environment in which this entity operates.
In general, for consolidation purposes, assets and liabilities of subsidiaries whose functional currency is not United States Dollar are translated into United States Dollar in accordance with ASC Topic 830-30, “Translation of Financial Statement”, using the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at average rates prevailing during the period. The gains and losses resulting from translation of financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income within the statement of stockholders’ equity.
(x) Representative’s Warrants
Upon the closing of the IPO in June 2024, the
Company issued to Benchmark underwriters warrants (the “Representative’s Warrants”) to purchase
(y) Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company considers the applicability and impact of all accounting standards updates (“ASUs”). Management periodically reviews new accounting standards that are issued. Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended (the “JOBS Act”), the Company meets the definition of an emerging growth company and has elected the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards, which delays the adoption of these accounting standards until they would apply to private companies.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” This guidance requires a public entity to disclose for each reportable segment, on an interim and annual basis, the significant expense categories and amounts that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”) and included in each reported measure of a segment’s profit or loss. Additionally, it requires a public entity to disclose the title and position of the individual or the name of the group or committee identified as the CODM. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted and the guidance should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented in the financial statements, unless it is impracticable. The Company plans to adopt the provisions of this guidance for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2025.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” This guidance requires a public entity to disclose in their rate reconciliation table additional categories of information about federal, state and foreign income taxes and to provide more details about the reconciling items in some categories if the items meet a quantitative threshold. The guidance also requires all entities to disclose annually income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by federal (national), state and foreign taxes and to disaggregate the information by jurisdiction based on a quantitative threshold. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted, and this guidance should be applied prospectively but there is the option to apply it retrospectively. The Company plans to adopt the provisions of this guidance for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2026.
17
Except as mentioned above, the Company does not believe other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations and comprehensive loss and statements of cash flows.
3 — INVENTORIES, NET
| September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Batteries | $ | $ | ||||||
| Electric Vehicles | ||||||||
| Tires | ||||||||
| Accessories | ||||||||
| Inventories | ||||||||
| Inventory reserves | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Inventories, net | $ | $ | ||||||
| September 30, 2024 | September 30, 2023 | |||||||
| Beginning balance | $ | $ | ||||||
| Addition | ||||||||
| Write off | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Ending Balance | $ | $ | ||||||
As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the inventory allowance
balance was $
4 — PREPAYMENTS AND OTHER RECEIVABLES
| September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Prepaid rent | $ | $ | ||||||
| Prepayments to vendors | ||||||||
| Prepaid iCloud Server | ||||||||
| Prepaid insurance | ||||||||
| Prepaid income tax | ||||||||
| Prepayments to other service providers | ||||||||
| Total Prepayment and Other Receivables | $ | $ | ||||||
As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024,
the prepayments to vendors were $
18
5 — PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
| September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Furniture & Fixtures | $ | $ | ||||||
| Machinery & Equipment | ||||||||
| Automobile | ||||||||
| Leasehold improvements | ||||||||
| Building | ||||||||
| Construction in progress-Software | ||||||||
| Property and Equipment | ||||||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Property and Equipment, net | $ | $ | ||||||
For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the depreciation
expenses were $
In December 2023, the Company engaged
DFT, a related party, for certain technology services, such as ERP system. The total contract price for the ERP system is
$
On August 12, 2024, the Company entered into a purchase agreement with He’s Realty Holdings LLC (the “Seller”), a third party, to purchase an office property. The final purchase
price of the property was $
6 — INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
| September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Property rights | $ | $ | ||||||
| GO FLY App | ||||||||
| Total Intangible assets | ||||||||
| Less: Accumulated Amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Intangible assets, net | $ | $ | ||||||
For the three months ended September 30, 2024
and 2023, the amortization expenses were $
In July 2024, the
Company engaged DFT, a related party, to develop of a new APP, GO FLY APP,
for the rental business. The total contract price for the GO FLY APP is $
19
7 — ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER PAYABLES
| September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Accrued payroll | $ | $ | ||||||
| Advances from customers | ||||||||
| Advances from IGH Holding Inc | ||||||||
| Accrued warranty | ||||||||
| Payroll tax and sales tax payable | ||||||||
| Accrued store expenses | ||||||||
| Accrued IPO offering cost | ||||||||
| Accrued freight in cost | ||||||||
| Accrued professional fee | ||||||||
| Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
8 — LOAN PAYABLE
| Lender | Due Date | September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Chase Bank(i) | ||||||||||
| Chase Bank(ii) | ||||||||||
| Chase Bank(vii) | ||||||||||
| Leaf Capital Funding, LLC(iii) | ||||||||||
| Sinoelite Corp(iv) | ||||||||||
| Automobile Loan – Honda(v) | ||||||||||
| Bank of Hope(vi) | ||||||||||
| Bank of Hope(vi) | ||||||||||
| Bank of Hope(vi) | ||||||||||
| He's Realty Holdings LLC(viii) | ||||||||||
| Milea Truck Sales of Queens Inc. (ix) | ||||||||||
| Milea Truck Sales of Queens Inc. (ix) | ||||||||||
| Peapack-Gladstone Bank(x) | ||||||||||
| Total loan payables | ||||||||||
| Short-term loan payables | ( | ) | — | |||||||
| Short-term mortgage loan payables | ( | ) | — | |||||||
| Current portion of long-term loan payables | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||
| Long-term loan payables | $ | $ | ||||||||
| (i) |
20
| (ii) |
| (iii) |
| (iv) |
| (v) |
| (vi) |
| (vii) |
| (viii) |
| (ix) | On August 22, 2024, Fly E-Bike, Inc. obtained
a three-year long-term loan of $
On July 26, 2024, Fly E-Bike, Inc. obtained
a three-year long-term loan of $ |
| (x) |
For the three months ended September 30, 2024
and 2023, the total interest expenses on the Company’s outstanding loans amounted to $
21
9 — STOCKHOLDER’S EQUITY
Prior to the effectiveness of the stock split
discussed below, the Company was authorized to issue
On March 27, 2024, the Company’s board of
directors approved a
On June 7, 2024, the Company completed its initial
public offering and issued
Upon the closing of IPO offering in June 2024, the Company issued to
Benchmark the representative of the underwriters warrants to purchase
The fair value of the warrant, using the Black-Scholes
Model on the date of issuance was $
| June 7, 2024 | ||||
| Stock price | $ | |||
| Risk-free interest rate | % | |||
| Volatility | % | |||
| Exercise price | $ | |||
| Dividend yield | $ | |||
As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the
subscription receivable represents the unpaid capital contribution of $
During the six months ended September 30, 2023,
Mr. Ou paid certain vendors of the Company to settle certain accounts payable balance on behalf the Company. On June 30, 2023, the
Company transferred $
22
10 — INCOME TAX
(a) Income Tax Expense
Income tax benefit for the three months ended
September 30, 2024 was $
| For the Six Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Current | ||||||||
| Federal | $ | $ | ||||||
| State | ||||||||
| City | ||||||||
| Deferred | ||||||||
| Federal | ( | ) | ||||||
| State | ( | ) | ||||||
| City | ( | ) | ||||||
| Foreign | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
| For the Six Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| U.S. | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
| Canada | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
For the three months ended September 30, 2024,
the total pre-tax loss was $
| For the Six Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Pre-tax book (loss) income | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
| Federal Statutory rate | % | % | ||||||
| State income tax rate, net of federal income tax benefit | % | % | ||||||
| City income tax rate, net of federal income tax benefit | % | % | ||||||
| Foreign statutory rate | % | |||||||
| Permanent differences | ( | )% | % | |||||
| Return to project adjustment | ( | )% | ( | )% | ||||
| Total | % | % | ||||||
Penalties and interest incurred related to
underpayment of income tax are classified as income tax expenses in the period incurred. For the three months ended September 30,
2024 and 2023, the Company accrued $
23
United States
Income tax benefit for the three months ended
September 30, 2024 amounted to $
| For the Six Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Current | ||||||||
| Federal | $ | $ | ||||||
| State | ||||||||
| City | ||||||||
| Deferred | ||||||||
| Federal | ( | ) | ||||||
| State | ( | ) | ||||||
| City | ( | ) | ||||||
| Total | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
Canada
Fly Toronto Corp, a subsidiary of the Company, was formed under the laws of Canada and conducts its business primarily in Canada.
Income tax benefit for the three months ended
September 30, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $
| For the Six Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Current | ||||||||
| Federal | $ | $ | ||||||
| State | ||||||||
| City | ||||||||
| Deferred | ||||||||
| Federal | ( | ) | ||||||
| State | ( | ) | ||||||
| City | ||||||||
| Total | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
24
(b) Deferred Tax Assets (Liabilities)
Net DTAs as of September 30, 2024 and March
31, 2024 amounted to $
| As of September 30, 2024 | As of March 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Net operating loss carry forwards | $ | $ | ||||||
| Inventory reserve | ||||||||
| Lease liability | ||||||||
| Less: Valuation allowance | ||||||||
| Total deferred tax assets (DTAs) | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accumulated depreciation | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| ROU asset | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total deferred tax liabilities (DTLs) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total deferred tax assets, net | $ | $ | ||||||
| Deferred tax assets (liabilities) – U.S., net | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Deferred tax assets – Canada, net | $ | |||||||
As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024,
the Company had approximately $
As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024,
the Company had approximately $
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized
for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets
and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31,
2024, the Company recorded approximately $
For the three months ended September 30, 2024,
the Company’s pre-tax book loss in the U.S. was approximately $
Uncertain Tax Positions
The Company evaluates each uncertain tax position (including the potential application of interest and penalties) based on the technical merits, and measures the unrecognized benefits associated with the tax positions. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the Company did not have any significant unrecognized uncertain tax positions.
25
11 — LEASES
The Company adopted Topic 842 for all periods presented. At the inception of a contract, the Company determines if the arrangement is, or contains, a lease. The leases of the Company mainly consisted of offices, retail stores and warehouses.
| September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Operating ROU: | ||||||||
| ROU assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Total operating ROU assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Operating lease obligations: | ||||||||
| Current operating lease liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| Non-current operating lease liabilities | ||||||||
| Total lease liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
The Company had
The weighted average lease term, discount rates, and remaining lease terms for the operating leases as of September 30, 2024 were as follows:
| Weighted average discount rate | % | |||
| Weighted average remaining lease term (years) |
The weighted average lease term, discount rates, and remaining lease terms for the operating leases as of March 31, 2024 were as follows:
| Weighted average discount rate | % | |||
| Weighted average remaining lease term (years) |
The Company leases its offices, warehouse, and
retail stores under non-cancellable operating lease agreements. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, lease expenses were
$
Lease expenses were $
26
| As of September 30, 2024 | Operating Lease Liabilities | |||
| 2025 | $ | |||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
| 2028 | ||||
| 2029 | ||||
| Thereafter | ||||
| Total lease payments | ||||
| Less: interest | ( | ) | ||
| Present value of lease liabilities | $ | |||
12 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Commitments
The Company has not entered any off-balance sheet financial guarantees or other off-balance sheet commitments to guarantee the payment obligations of any third parties. The Company has not entered any derivative contracts that are indexed to its shares and classified as shareholder’s equity or that are not reflected in its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Furthermore, the Company does not have any retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to such entity. The Company does not have any variable interest in any unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit support to itself or engages in leasing, hedging or product development services with itself.
Contingencies
Legal
From time to time, the Company is a party to certain legal proceedings, as well as certain asserted and unasserted claims. Amounts accrued, as well as the total amount of reasonably possible losses with respect to such matters, individually and in the aggregate, are not deemed to be material to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
The Company’s products and other production facilities as well as the packaging, storage, distribution, advertising and labeling of its products, are subject to extensive legal and regulatory requirements. For example, pursuant to the DMV registration requirement, the Company must satisfy the DMV Registration requirements and conduct required testing for all of its products sold in U.S. Loss of or failure to renew or obtain necessary permits, licenses, registrations, or certificates could prevent the Company from legally selling its products in the U.S. If the Company were found to be in violation of applicable laws and regulations, it could be subject to administrative punishment, including fines, injunctions, recalls or asset seizures, as well as potential criminal sanctions, any of which could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. As of the date hereof, the Company believes it is in compliance with the relevant regulations in the U.S.
Inflation
Inflationary factors, such as increases in personnel and overhead costs, could impair the Company’s operating results. Although the Company does not believe that inflation has had a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations to date, a high rate of inflation in the future may have an adverse effect on the Company’s ability to maintain current levels of gross margin and operating expenses as a percentage of sales revenue if the revenues do not increase with such increased costs.
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13 — RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
(A) Related party balances
| Name of Related Party | Relationship | Nature | September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | ||||||||
| Fly E Bike SRL | $ | $ | ||||||||||
| Accounts receivable — related parties | $ | $ | ||||||||||
During the six months ended September 30, 2024, the Company received
$
| Name of Related Party | Relationship | Nature | September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | ||||||||
| Fly E Bike SRL | $ | $ | ||||||||||
| Zhou Ou | ||||||||||||
| PJMG LLC | ||||||||||||
| Prepayments and other receivables – related parties | $ | $ | ||||||||||
During the six months ended September 30, 2024,
the Company advanced $
| Name of Related Party | Relationship | Nature | September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | ||||||||
| DF Technology US Inc | $ | $ | ||||||||||
| Long-term prepayment for software development — related parties, net | $ | $ | ||||||||||
28
In December 2023, the Company engaged DFT
for development of certain technology services. Mr. Guo, the Company’s former CFO who resigned on November 6, 2024, owns over
| Name of Related Party | Relationship | Nature | September 30, 2024(i) | March 31, 2024(i) | ||||||||
| Zhou Ou | $ | $ | ||||||||||
| Other Payables-related parties | $ | $ | ||||||||||
| (i) | Represents the remaining balance of the advance provided by the related party to the Company’s subsidiaries for the purpose of supporting their business operations. |
All of the above payables are unsecured, non-interest
bearing, and due on demand. The Company paid a total of $
(B) Related party transactions
| For the three Months Ended September 30 | For the Six Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||
| Name of Related Party | Relationship | Nature | 2024 |
2023 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||
| Fly E Bike SRL | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||
| Revenues — related parties | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||
During the three months ended September 30, 2024
and 2023, Fly E Bike SRL, a distributor the Company works with and in which Mr. Ou holds over
29
Purchase of Intangible Assets — related parties
| Name of Related Party | Relationship | Nature | September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | ||||||||
| DF Technology US Inc | $ | $ | ||||||||||
| Purchase of Intangible Assets — related parties | $ | $ | ||||||||||
In December 2023, the Company engaged DFT
for development of certain technology services. Mr. Guo, the Company’s former CFO who resigned on November 6, 2024, owns over
(C) Other Related Party Transactions
On March 6, 2021, the Company and DGLG entered
into an engagement letter, pursuant to which the Company engaged DGLG as a consultant to assist the Company in its IPO planning, financing
and tax services. Mr. Guo, the Company’s former CFO who resigned on November 6, 2024, is a partner at DGLG. Under
the terms of the engagement agreement with DGLG, the Company has agreed to compensate DGLG for consulting services based on an hourly
fee arrangement. DGLG’s consulting fees were and $
On April 1, 2023, the Company agreed to retain
the services of PJMG, a company in which Mr. Guo, the Company’s former CFO who resigned on November 6, 2024, holds over
14 — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company has evaluated subsequent events after September 30, 2024, up through November 19, 2024, the date at which the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements were issued. Except for the events mentioned below, the Company did not identify any subsequent events with material financial impact on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
On October 2, 2024, the Company received written notice (the “Notice”) from the Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC (“Nasdaq”)
indicating that the bid price for the Company’s common stock (the “Common Stock”), for the last 31 consecutive business
days, had closed below the minimum $
On November 6, 2024, the board of directors of the Company appointed Ms. Shiwen Feng as the Company’s new Chief Financial Officer and a director, effective November 7, 2024.
On November 18, 2024, the Company received $
30
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included in this Report. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements. Actual results could differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements”.
Overview
We are an EV company that is principally engaged in designing, installing and selling E-motorcycles, E-bikes, E-scooters and related accessories under the brand “Fly E-Bike.” At Fly E-Bike, our commitment is to encourage people to incorporate eco-friendly transportation into their active lifestyles, ultimately contributing towards building a more environmentally friendly future.
Fly E-Bike was established in 2018 with its first store opened in New York. Our business has grown rapidly since then and we are now one of the leading providers of E-bikes for food delivery workers in New York City. As of November 14, 2024, we have 37 stores, including 36 retail stores in the U.S and one retail store in Canada. The Company offers rental services from selected locations. We also operate one online store at flyebike.com, focusing on selling E-motorcycles, E-bikes and E-scooters, serving customers in the United States. In addition, we plan to open a second online store focusing on selling gas bikes in the future. We plan to expand our presence in the United States and extend our business into South America and Europe in the future.
We have a diversified product portfolio that is designed to satisfy the various demands of our customers and address different urban travel scenarios. Additionally, we aim to refresh our product offerings continuously to align with evolving market trends. As of November 14, 2024, we offered 24 E-motorcycle products, 28 E-bike products and 35 E-scooter products.
We are currently in the process of developing a Fly E-Bike app, which is a management service mobile software for our EVs, enabling customers to purchase bikes, locate company stores, schedule bike repairs, and more. We aim to design an app that will bring users a comprehensive intelligent experience to create a safer and more satisfying riding life. The development of the app is still in its preliminary stage. We have launched a testing version of the app, which is currently unavailable to our customers. In December 2023, the Company engaged DF Technology US Inc (“DFT”) for certain technology services, for the development of the enterprise resource planning system (“ERP system”), and in July 2024, the Company engaged DFT to develop a mobile phone application for its renal services, the GO FLY APP. The total contract price for the GO FLY APP is $500,000, and the GO FLY APP was delivered and launched in the rental business on September 5, 2024. As of September 30, 2024, the Company paid $1,055,980 to DFT as prepayment for software development.
We source a significant portion of our vehicle components from China and the United States, and then assemble them into our vehicles in a facility located in Maspeth, New York. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, we produced 1,146 E-motorcycles, 3,270 E-bikes and 756 E-scooters at this facility. For the six months ended September 30, 2024, we produced 3,114 E-motorcycles, 4,783 E-bikes and 1,280 E-scooters at the same facility.
Recent Developments
Stock Split
In April 2024, we effected a stock split of our authorized and all issued and outstanding shares of our common stock and preferred stock at a split ratio of 1-for-110,000, where the par value of the Company’s common stock remained unchanged at $0.01 per share, and the number of authorized shares of the Company’s capital stock was increased from 440 to 48,400,000, with the number of authorized shares of common stock and preferred stock being increased from 400 to 44,000,000 and from 40 to 4,400,000, respectively. The issued and outstanding common stock and preferred stock increased at a split ratio of 1-for-110,000. The share number and related data in this Report has been updated to reflect the stock split referenced above.
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Initial Public Offering
On June 7, 2024, we sold 2,250,000 shares of common stock, at a price of $4.00 per share in our IPO. The gross proceeds of the offering were $9.0 million, prior to deducting the underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses payable by the Company. In addition, we granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase an additional 337,500 shares of common stock at the initial public offering price, less underwriting discounts and commissions, to cover over-allotments. On June 25, 2024, we sold an additional 337,500 shares of common stock to the underwriters of our IPO for gross proceeds of $1.4 million upon full exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option. Net proceeds received by us from our initial public offering, including the exercise of the over-allotment option, were approximately $9.2 million. We also issued to The Benchmark Company, LLC, the representative of the underwriters warrants to purchase 129,375 shares.
Rental Services
The Company launched a new rental program to meet the increasing market demand for safe, UL-certified e-bikes in compliance with New York State regulations in October 2024. The rental service, available in New York City via the Go Fly rental service mobile app and select Fly E-Bike stores, provides users with a flexible and affordable e-bike rental option featuring the Fly-E Fly-11 Pro model. As part of FLY-E’s growth strategy, the Company plans to expand the rental service to Miami, Toronto, and Los Angeles shortly.
Key Factors that Affect Operating Results
Our results of operations and financial condition are affected by the general factors driving the U.S.’s electric two-wheeled vehicles industry, including, among others, the U.S.’s overall economic growth, the increase in per capita disposable income, the expansion of urbanization, the growth in consumer spending and consumption upgrades, the competitive environment, governmental policies and initiatives towards electric two-wheeled vehicles, as well as the general factors affecting the electric two-wheeled vehicles industry in overseas markets. Unfavorable changes in any of these general industry conditions could negatively affect demand for our products and materially and adversely affect our results of operations.
While our business is influenced by these general factors, our results of operations are more directly affected by company specific factors, including the following major factors:
New Customers
Our growth will depend on our ability to achieve sales targets, including our ability to attract new customers, which in turn depends in part on our ability to execute on our retail strategy and produce effective marketing initiatives to expand our brand perception with prospective customers. As of November 14, 2024, we have 37 stores, including 36 retail stores in the U.S and one retail store in Canada. We offer rental services from selected locations. We also operate one online store, focusing on selling E-motorcycles, E-bikes, and E-scooters and selling our product in the United States. It is critical for us to successfully manage production ramp-up and quality control to deliver to customers in adequate volume and quality.
With respect to branding and marketing, we plan to raise brand awareness through both traditional and social media channels and connect with customers through physical touchpoints such as our retail stores and distributors. We believe that effective marketing can boost our brand awareness and contribute to increased sales. In addition, we intend to provide superior customer experience through our trained technicians who will provide after-sale maintenance and repair services at our retail stores. An inability to attract new customers would substantially impact our ability to grow revenue or improve our financial results.
Product Sales Price and Volume
For the three months ended September 30, 2024, our net revenues decreased by 22.1% to $6.8 million, compared to $8.8 million for the same period in 2023, which was primarily driven by a decrease in total units sold, which dropped by 5,850 units, from 20,906 units for the three months ended September 30, 2023, to 15,056 units for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
For the six months ended September 30, 2024, our net revenues decreased by 11.5% to $14.7 million, compared to $16.6 million for the same period in 2023, which was primarily driven by a decrease in total units sold, which dropped by 4,067 units, from 36,003 units for the six months ended September 30, 2023, to 31,936 units for the six months ended September 30, 2024.
In the future, our ability to increase our product sales price and volume will depend on our ability to innovate in design and technology and offer products that meet the customers’ demand. We currently have a streamlined product portfolio consisting of three categories, with multiple models and specifications for each category. Moreover, our ability to increase the sales price and volume will depend on our ability to continually enhance our brand to attract customers, as well as our ability to successfully operate our retail stores and expand our sales network both domestically and globally. However, our product sales price is influenced by various factors such as market demand and competitors’ pricing, and although we continue working on product improvements and retail expansion, there can be no guarantee of sustained sales price increase or improved sales volume. If our prices remain stable, increasing sales volume would become important for continued revenue growth, and failure to do so would significantly impact our ability to grow revenue or improve our financial results.
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Employees
Our payroll expenses were $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Our payroll expenses were $2.3 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $1.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023. As our business expands, we expect increased payroll expenses due to hiring of more employees for our retail stores and corporate office. Each of our retail stores has a minimum of two employees, and additional office employees will be hired to support retail stores in customer service and marketing. In addition, to maintain excellent customer service in our retail stores, each store will have at least one trained repair professional, further contributing to the increase in payroll expenses. An inability to effectively manage payroll expenses while expanding the business would significantly impact our ability to grow revenue or improve our financial results.
Vendor and Supply Management
During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we worked with three principal vendors, Xiamen Innolabs Technology Co., Ltd, Depcl Corp. (previously known as Fly Wing E-Bike Inc.), and Anhui Ineo International Trading Co., each of which respectively supplied approximately 48.9%, 19.7%, and 17.1% of the accessories and components used in all our products for the three months ended September 30, 2024. During the six months ended September 30, 2024, we worked with three principal vendors, Xiamen Innolabs Technology Co., Ltd, Depcl Corp., and Anhui Ineo International Trading Co., each of which respectively supplied approximately 43.6%, 29.5%, and 10.8% of the accessories and components used in all our products for the six months ended September 30, 2024.
We have implemented a centralized vendor management system that streamlines purchasing, enhances our negotiating power and maintains strong vendor relationships. We believe this approach delivers cost savings, improved risk management and increased negotiating power, ultimately benefiting our operating results. Changes in costs related to our major vendors can significantly affect our financial condition and operating results.
Market Trends and Competition
We operate in a rapidly growing EV market with a special focus on E-motorcycles, E-bikes and E-scooters. However, increased competition may pressure prices and margins, reducing sales volume, revenues, and sales margin for us. Additionally, marketing and advertising costs may rise as we differentiate ourselves and maintain our market position. Moreover, competitors may impact customer acquisition and retention, satisfaction and loyalty. While we believe we maintain competitive advantages in several areas, including brand, product design and quality, smart features, omnichannel retail model, customer satisfaction and loyalty, we must continuously innovate, invest in research and development and marketing to maintain our competitive edge and unique selling points.
Regulatory Landscape
We operate in an industry that is subject to extensive environmental, safety and other laws and regulations, which include products safety and testing, as well as battery safety and disposal. These requirements create additional costs and possible production delay in connection with the testing and manufacturing of our products. We also benefit from environmental regulations in our target markets which include economic incentives to purchasers of EVs and tax credits for EV manufacturers. The Governor of New York State signed a legislative package in July 2024 aimed at raising awareness about the safe use of e-bikes and lithium-ion battery products, prohibiting the sale of non-compliant batteries, requiring safety protocols and training for first responders, mandating operating manuals for e-bike retailers, and improving accident reporting and registration processes for e-bikes and mopeds. Additionally, in July 2024, the New York City Department of Transportation announced that it anticipated to launch a $2 million trade-in program in early 2025, allowing eligible food delivery workers to replace their unsafe e-bikes, e-mobility devices, and batteries with certified, high-quality versions. While we expect relevant regulations to provide a tailwind to our growth, it is possible for other regulations to result in margin pressures.
How to Assess Our Performance
In assessing performance, management considers a variety of performance and financial measures, including principal growth in net sales, gross profit, gross margin, selling, general and administrative expenses and EBITDA. The key measures that we use to evaluate the performance of our business are set forth below.
Net Sales
We generate revenue from sales of our EVs, their accessories and spare parts, and provision of repair services at our retail stores. Our net sales comprise gross sales net of discounts and return allowances. We do not record sales taxes as a component of retail revenues as we consider it a pass-through conduit for collecting and remitting sales taxes. Return allowances, which reduce net revenues, are estimated based on historical experience.
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E-bikes, E-motorcycles and E-scooters sales. We generate a substantial majority of our revenues from sales of E-bikes, E-motorcycles and E-scooters directly to customers through our online store and retail stores, and to our distributors.
Accessories and spare parts sales. We also sell accessories and spare parts for our EVs, such as rear storage boxes and front baskets. In addition, we offer Fly E-Bike branded accessories and general merchandise, such as decorative car plates, key chains and apparel.
Service revenues. We also provide repair services at our retail stores for a fee.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales includes product costs, warehouse rent expenses, payroll costs, depreciation costs, inventory reserves, warranty costs, and logistic costs. The logistic costs incurred to receive products from our vendors are included in our inventory and recognized as cost of sales upon sale of products to our customers.
Gross Profit and Gross Margin
We calculate gross profit as net sales less cost of revenue. Gross margin represents gross profit as a percentage of net sales.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses primarily consist of retail operational expenses, salaries and benefits costs, marketing, advertising, and corporate overhead.
Marketing costs primarily consist of advertising and payroll and related expenses for personnel engaged in marketing and selling activities.
We expect that our selling and marketing expenses will continue to increase in the foreseeable future, as we plan to further expand our sales network and retail channels, and engage in more selling and marketing activities to enhance our brand and attract more purchases from new and existing customers.
General and administrative expenses primarily consist of costs for corporate functions, including payroll and related expenses, facilities and equipment expenses, such as depreciation and amortization expense and rent, and professional fees. We expect that our general and administrative will increase in the foreseeable future, as we hire additional personnel and incur additional expenses related to the anticipated growth of our business and our operation as a public company after the completion of our initial public offering.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
To supplement our financial information presented in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (the “U.S. GAAP”), management periodically uses certain “non-GAAP financial measures,” as such term is defined under the rules of the SEC, to clarify and enhance understanding of past performance and prospects for the future. Generally, a non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of a company’s operating performance, financial position or cash flows that excludes or includes amounts that are included in or excluded from the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. For example, non-GAAP measures may exclude the impact of certain items such as acquisitions, divestitures, gains, losses and impairments, or items outside of management’s control. Management believes that the following non-GAAP financial measure provides investors and analysts useful insight into our financial position and operating performance. Any non-GAAP measure provided should be viewed in addition to, and not as an alternative to, the most directly comparable measure determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Further, the calculation of these non-GAAP financial measures may differ from the calculation of similarly titled financial measures presented by other companies and therefore may not be comparable among companies.
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We use EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization) to evaluate our operating performance. We believe EBITDA provides additional insight into our underlying, ongoing operating performance and facilitates year-to-year comparisons by excluding the earnings impact of interest, tax, depreciation and amortization and that presenting EBITDA is more representative of our operational performance and may be more useful for investors.
We reconcile our non-GAAP financial measure to our net income, which is our most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. EBITDA includes adjustments for provision for income taxes, as applicable, interest income and expense, depreciation, and amortization. EBITDA does not represent and should not be considered an alternative to net income as determined by U.S. GAAP, and our calculations thereof may not be comparable to those reported by other companies. We believe EBITDA is an important measure of operating performance and provides useful information to investors because it highlights trends in our business that may not otherwise be apparent when relying solely on U.S. GAAP measures and because it eliminates items that have less bearing on our operating performance. EBITDA, as presented herein, is a supplemental measure of our performance that is not required by, or presented in accordance with, U.S. GAAP. We use non-GAAP financial measures as supplements to our U.S. GAAP results in order to provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting our business. EBITDA is a measure of operating performance that is not defined by U.S. GAAP and should not be considered a substitute for net (loss) income as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
EBITDA along with a reconciliation to net income is shown within the Results of Operations below.
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023
The following table sets forth the components of our results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||
| Revenues, Net | $ | 6,824,406 | $ | 8,763,839 | $ | (1,939,433 | ) | (22.1 | )% | |||||||
| Cost of Revenues | 3,919,952 | 5,002,540 | (1,082,588 | ) | (21.6 | )% | ||||||||||
| Gross Profit | 2,904,454 | 3,761,299 | (856,845 | ) | (22.8 | )% | ||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Selling Expenses | 2,041,435 | 1,618,439 | 422,996 | 26.1 | % | |||||||||||
| General and Administrative Expenses | 2,094,078 | 1,058,235 | 1,035,843 | 97.9 | % | |||||||||||
| Total Operating Expenses | 4,135,513 | 2,676,674 | 1,458,839 | 54.5 | % | |||||||||||
| (Loss) Income from Operations | (1,231,059 | ) | 1,084,625 | (2,315,684 | ) | (213.5 | )% | |||||||||
| Other Income (Expenses), Net | (53,929 | ) | 40,779 | (94,708 | ) | (232.2 | )% | |||||||||
| Interest Expenses, Net | (23,795 | ) | (17,969 | ) | (5,826 | ) | 32.4 | % | ||||||||
| Income Tax Benefit (Expense) | 165,935 | (360,879 | ) | 526,814 | (146.0 | )% | ||||||||||
| Net (Loss) Income | $ | (1,142,848 | ) | $ | 746,556 | $ | (1,889,404 | ) | (253.1 | )% | ||||||
Revenues
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||
| Sales-Retail | $ | 5,923,576 | $ | 6,768,828 | $ | (845,252 | ) | (12.5 | )% | |||||||
| Sales-Wholesale | $ | 900,830 | $ | 1,995,011 | $ | (1,094,181 | ) | (54.8 | )% | |||||||
| Total Net Revenues | $ | 6,824,406 | $ | 8,763,839 | $ | (1,939,433 | ) | (22.1 | )% | |||||||
Our net revenues were $6.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, a decrease of 22.1%, from $8.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in our net revenues was primarily due to the decrease in sales volume by 5,850 units, from 20,906 units for the three months ended September 30, 2023 to 15,056 units for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
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Our retail sales revenue decreased by $0.8 million, or 12.5%, from $6.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 to $5.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. Our wholesale revenue decreased by $1.1 million, or 54.8%, from $2.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 to $0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in retail sales revenue is mainly due to recent lithium-battery accidents involving E-Bikes and E-Scooters. With an increasing number of lithium-battery explosion incidents in New York, customers are less inclined to purchase E-Bikes. Consequently, the management believes that sales have declined as customers opt for oil-powered vehicles over electric vehicles. The decrease in wholesales revenue was driven primarily by the decrease in orders from the top two customers who closed their retail stores in December 2023.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues decreased by 21.6%, from $5.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, to $3.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in cost of revenues was primarily attributable to a reduction in units sold, which declined by 5,850 units, from 20,906 units sold for the three months ended September 30, 2023, to 15,056 units sold for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Gross Margin
The following table shows our gross profit and gross margin for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||
| Gross Profit | $ | 2,904,454 | 3,761,299 | (856,845 | ) | (22.8 | )% | |||||||||
| Gross Margin | 42.6 | % | 42.9 | % | ||||||||||||
Gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was $2.9 million and $3.8 million, respectively. The decrease is consistent with the decrease in revenue. Gross margin was 42.6% and 42.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The gross margin remained at the same level for the two periods.
Total Operating Expenses
The following table sets forth the components of our total operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||
| Selling Expenses | $ | 2,041,435 | 1,618,439 | 422,996 | 26.1 | % | ||||||||||
| General and Administrative Expenses | 2,094,078 | 1,058,235 | 1,035,843 | 97.9 | % | |||||||||||
| Total Operating Expenses | $ | 4,135,513 | 2,676,674 | 1,458,839 | 54.5 | % | ||||||||||
| Percentage of Revenue | 60.6 | % | 30.5 | % | ||||||||||||
Total operating expenses were $4.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $1.5 million, or 54.7%, compared to $2.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in operating expenses was attributable to the increase in our payroll expenses, rent expenses, advertising expenses, professional fees, and insurance expenses as we expanded our business as discussed below.
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Selling Expenses
Selling expenses primarily consist of payroll expenses, rent, utilities expenses, and advertising expenses of retail stores. Total payroll expenses were $0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Rent expenses were $0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Advertising expenses were $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $14,339 for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in these expenses was primarily due to the increased number of new employees hired for repair and maintenance business operation in the three months ended September 30, 2024.
General and Administrative Expenses
Various general and administrative expenses increased during the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period of previous year. Professional fees increased to $0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily attributable to the increase in audit fee, consulting fee, legal fee and IR expenses associated with ongoing reporting obligations. Payroll expenses increased to $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 from $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 primarily due to additional employees hired in operation departments. Insurance expenses increased to $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $24,570 for the same quarter of prior year as a result of purchase of the directors and officers liability insurance after initial public offering in the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Income Tax Provisions
Income taxes benefits were $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, a change from $0.4 million income tax provision for the three months ended September 30, 2023. This change was due to our decreased taxable income for the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Net Income (Loss)
Net loss was $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, a change of $1.9 million, or 253.1%, from net income of $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, which was mainly attributable to the reasons discussed above.
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EBITDA
The following table sets forth the components of our EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||
| (Loss) Income from Operations | $ | (1,142,848 | ) | $ | 746,556 | $ | (1,889,404 | ) | (253.1 | )% | ||||||
| Income Tax (Benefit) Expense | (165,935 | ) | 360,879 | (526,814 | ) | (146.0 | )% | |||||||||
| Depreciation | 85,859 | 126,891 | (41,032 | ) | (32.3 | )% | ||||||||||
| Interest Expenses | 23,795 | 17,969 | 5,826 | 32.4 | % | |||||||||||
| Amortization | 7,895 | — | 7,895 | 100.0 | % | |||||||||||
| EBITDA | $ | (1,191,234 | ) | $ | 1,252,295 | $ | (2,443,529 | ) | (195.1 | )% | ||||||
| Percentage of Revenue | (17.5 | )% | 14.3 | % | (31.7 | )% | ||||||||||
Before interest expenses, income tax, depreciation, and amortization, for the three months ended September 30, 2024, our net loss was $1.2 million, a change of $2.45 million, compared to net income of $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, which was mainly attributable to the decrease in revenue, increase in selling and general and administrative expense described above. The ratio of EBITDA to revenue was negative 17.5% and 14.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023
The following table sets forth the components of our results of operations for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
| For the Six Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||
| Revenues, Net | $ | 14,697,832 | $ | 16,606,185 | $ | (1,908,353 | ) | (11.5 | )% | |||||||
| Cost of Revenues | 8,693,744 | 10,122,171 | (1,428,427 | ) | (14.1 | )% | ||||||||||
| Gross Profit | 6,004,088 | 6,484,014 | (479,926 | ) | (7.4 | %)% | ||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Selling Expenses | 3,653,930 | 2,701,545 | 952,385 | 35.3 | % | |||||||||||
| General and Administrative Expenses | 3,626,716 | 1,930,300 | 1,696,416 | 87.9 | % | |||||||||||
| Total Operating Expenses | 7,280,646 | 4,631,845 | 2,648,801 | 57.2 | % | |||||||||||
| (Loss) Income from Operations | (1,276,558 | ) | 1,852,169 | (3,128,727 | ) | (168.9 | )% | |||||||||
| Other Income (Expenses), Net | (47,411 | ) | 29,701 | (77,112 | ) | (259.6 | )% | |||||||||
| Interest Expenses, Net | (91,877 | ) | (50,592 | ) | (41,285 | ) | 81.6 | % | ||||||||
| Income Taxes Benefit (Expense) | 93,490 | (644,279 | ) | 737,769 | (114.5 | )% | ||||||||||
| Net (Loss) Income | $ | (1,322,356 | ) | $ | 1,186,999 | $ | (2,509,355 | ) | (211.4 | )% | ||||||
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Revenues
| For the Six Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||
| Sales-Retail | $ | 12,793,994 | $ | 12,937,001 | $ | (143,007 | ) | (1.1 | )% | |||||||
| Sales-Wholesale | $ | 1,903,838 | $ | 3,669,184 | $ | (1,765,346 | ) | (48.1 | )% | |||||||
| Total Net Revenues | $ | 14,697,832 | $ | 16,606,185 | $ | (1,908,353 | ) | (11.5 | )% | |||||||
Our net revenues were $14.7 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024, a decrease of 11.5%, from $16.6 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in our net revenues was driven primarily by a decrease in total units sold, which decreased by 4,067 units, from 36,003 units for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to 31,936 units for the six months ended September 30, 2024. For the six months ended September 30, 2023 and for the six months ended September 30, 2024, the quantity of E-bikes and batteries sold decreased by 2,963 and 2,624, respectively.
Our retail sales revenue decreased by $0.1 million, or 1.1%, from $12.9 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to $12.8 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024. Our wholesale revenue decreased by $1.8 million, or 48.1%, from $3.7 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023 to $1.9 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in retail sales revenue is mainly due to recent lithium-battery accidents involving E-Bikes and E-Scooters. With an increasing number of lithium-battery explosion incidents in New York, customers are less inclined to purchase E-Bikes. Consequently, sales have declined as customers opt for oil-powered vehicles over electric vehicles. The decrease in wholesales revenue was driven primarily by the closure of stores by the top two customers who closed their stores in December 2023 due to lack of profitability.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues decreased by 14.1%, from $10.1 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023, to $8.7 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in cost of revenues was primarily attributable to more favorable pricing obtained from our suppliers, particularly for batteries, as well as a reduction in battery sales volume, as discussed previously. These factors collectively contributed to the overall decrease in cost of revenues. The unit cost for battery decreased by 36%, from $117 in the six months ended September 30, 2023, to $75 in the six months ended September 30, 2024.
Gross Margin
The following table shows our gross profit and gross margin for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
| For the Six Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||
| Gross Profit | $ | 6,004,088 | 6,484,014 | (479,926 | ) | (7.4 | )% | |||||||||
| Gross Margin | 40.9 | % | 39.0 | % | ||||||||||||
Gross profit for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was $6.0 million and $6.5 million, respectively. Gross margin was 40.9% and 39.0% for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase in gross margin was driven primarily by the increase of the average sale price of our EVs by $68 or 7.0%, from $980 in the six months ended September 30, 2023 to $1,048 in the six months ended September 30, 2024, and the decrease of the unit cost for battery by 36%, from $117 in the six months ended September 30, 2023, to $75 in the six months ended September 30, 2024.
Total Operating Expenses
The following table sets forth the components of our total operating expenses for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
| For the Six Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | Percentage Change |
|||||||||||||
| Selling Expenses | $ | 3,653,930 | $ | 2,701,545 | $ | 952,385 | 35.3 | % | ||||||||
| General and Administrative Expenses | 3,626,716 | 1,930,300 | 1,696,416 | 87.9 | % | |||||||||||
| Total Operating Expenses | $ | 7,280,646 | $ | 4,631,845 | $ | 2,648,801 | 57.2 | % | ||||||||
| Percentage of Revenue | 49.5 | % | 29.9 | % | ||||||||||||
Total operating expenses were $7.3 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $2.6 million, or 57.2%, compared to $4.6 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in operating expenses was attributable to the increase in our payroll expenses, rent expenses, meals and entertainment expenses, professional fees, and development expenses as we expanded our business as discussed below.
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Selling Expenses
Selling expenses primarily consist of payroll expenses, rent, utilities expenses, and advertising expenses of retail stores. Total payroll expenses were $1.5 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $0.8 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023. Rent expenses were $1.5 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $1.1 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023. Utilities expenses were $119,252 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $68,863 for the six months ended September 30, 2023. Advertising expenses were $0.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $26,066 for the six months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in these expenses was primarily due to the increased number of new employees hired for business operating in the six months ended September 30, 2024.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses increased during the six months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the previous year. Professional fees increased to $1.3 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $0.5 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023, primarily attributable to the increase in audit fee, consulting fee, legal fee and IR expenses associated with our initial public offering and ongoing reporting obligations. Payroll expenses increased to $0.8 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024 from $0.4 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023 primarily due to additional employees hired in operation and accounting departments. Insurance expenses increased to $0.5 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $0.1 million for the same period of prior year as a result of purchase of directors and officers liability insurance after initial public offering in the six months ended September 30, 2024. Software development fee increased to $0.3 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $0.1 million for the same period in prior year as a result of maintenance for Fly E-Bike app during the six months ended September 30, 2024.
Income Tax Provisions
Income taxes benefits were $93,490 for the six months ended September 30, 2024, a change from $0.6 million income tax provision for the six months ended September 30, 2023. This change was due to our decreased taxable income for the six months ended September 30, 2024.
Net Income (Loss)
Net loss was $1.3 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024, a change of $2.5 million, or 211.4%, from net income of $1.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023, which was mainly attributable to the reasons discussed above.
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EBITDA
The following table sets forth the components of our EBITDA for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
| For the Six Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | Percentage Change | |||||||||||||
| (Loss) Income from Operations | $ | (1,322,356 | ) | $ | 1,186,999 | $ | (2,509,355 | ) | (211.4 | )% | ||||||
| Income Tax provision | (93,490 | ) | 644,279 | (737,769 | ) | (114.5 | )% | |||||||||
| Depreciation | 180,910 | 190,559 | (9,649 | ) | (5.1 | )% | ||||||||||
| Interest Expenses | 91,877 | 50,592 | 41,285 | 81.6 | % | |||||||||||
| Amortization | 8,846 | — | 8,846 | 100.0 | % | |||||||||||
| EBITDA | $ | (1,134,213 | ) | $ | 2,072,429 | $ | (3,206,642 | ) | (154.7 | )% | ||||||
| Percentage of Revenue | (7.7 | )% | 12.5 | % | (20.2 | )% | ||||||||||
Before interest expenses, income tax, depreciation, and amortization, for the six months ended September 30, 2024, our net loss was $1.1 million, a change of $3.2 million, compared to net income of $2.1 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023, which was mainly attributable to the decrease in revenue, increase in selling and general and administrative expense described above. The ratio of EBITDA to revenue was negative 7.7% and 12.5% for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of September 30, 2024, we had cash of $1.3 million. We had working capital of $2.3 million and $0.3 million as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. We had net loss of $1.3 million and net income of $1.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. During the six months ended September 30, 2024, net cash used in operating activities of the Company was approximately $9.4 million. As of September 30, 2024, the Company had a current portion of contractual obligation of approximately $9.6 million.
We had funded our working capital and other capital requirements in the past primarily by equity contributions from our stockholders and net proceeds received from IPO, cash flow from operations, and bank loans. Our ability to repay our current obligation will depend on the future realization of our current assets. Management has considered the historical experience, the economy, trends in the retail industry, the expected collectability of the accounts receivable and the realization of the inventories as of September 30, 2024. Our ability to continue to fund working capital and other capital requirements may be affected by general economic, competitive and other factors, many of which are outside of our control.
On June 7, 2024, we sold 2,250,000 shares of common stock, at a price of $4.00 per share in our IPO. The gross proceeds of the offering were $9.0 million, prior to deducting the underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses payable by us. Net proceeds received by us from IPO were approximately $7.9 million. On June 25, 2024, we sold an additional 337,500 shares of common stock to the underwriters of our IPO for gross proceeds of $1.4 million upon full exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option and received net proceeds of $1.2 million. The main cash outflow for the six months ended September 30, 2024 was from net loss of $1.3 million, a decrease in tax payable of $1.5 million, an increase in inventories of $3.6 million, a decrease in operating lease liabilities of $1.5 million, purchase of software from a related party of $0.8 million, and an increase in prepayments and other receivables of $1.8 million. These factors raise substantial doubt as to the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. For the next 12 months from the issuance date of this report, we plan to alleviate the going concern risk through (i) equity financing to support the Company’s working capital; (ii) other available sources of financing (including debt) from banks and other financial institutions; and (iii) financial support from the Company’s related parties. The issuance and sale of additional equity would result in further dilution to our stockholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased fixed obligations and could result in operating covenants that would restrict our operations. We cannot assure you that financing will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all. In the event that financing sources are not available, or that we are unsuccessful in increasing our gross profit margin and reducing operating losses, we may be unable to implement our current plans for expansion, repay debt obligations or respond to competitive pressures, any of which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and may materially adversely affect our ability to continue as a going concern. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the recoverability and classification of recorded assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities or any other adjustments that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.
Our accounts receivable represent primarily accounts receivable from distributors that purchased our EVs and other products. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, our accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses, was $0.4 million and $0.2 million, respectively. Our accounts receivable turnover period decreased from 69 days in the year ended March 31, 2024 to 63 days in six months ended September 30, 2024, which was mainly attributable to a stricter credit policy implemented towards our U.S. distributors.
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Our accounts payable represent primarily accounts payable to suppliers from whom we purchased accessories and components for our products. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, our accounts payable were $0.4 million and $1.2 million, respectively. Our accounts payable turnover period decreased to 16 days for the six months ended September 30, 2024 from 25 days for the year ended March 31, 2024, which was primarily the result of the Company’s switch to a new vendor and the settlement of one vendor’s balance during this period.
Our prepayments and other receivables primarily represent prepayments to vendors and other service providers. These prepayments and receivables increased by $1.8 million, from $0.6 million as of March 31, 2024, to $2.4 million as of September 30, 2024. This significant increase is mainly due to the launch of Company’s E-bike rental services, which required additional inventory. As a result, during the six months ended September 30, 2024, the Company made substantial prepayments to vendors to secure inventory for the upcoming quarter.
Our inventories primarily include our EVs, their accessories and spare parts. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, our inventories, net of allowance, were $8.5 million and $5.4 million, respectively. The increase in inventories was primarily due to our preparation for the new rental business. Our inventory turnover days increased to 147 days in the six months ended September 30, 2024, from 125 days in the year ended March 31, 2024, which was primarily due to strategic inventory buildup, allowing us to start new services.
As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the total outstanding amount of loan principal was $7.0 million and $1.6 million, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the interest expenses on our outstanding loans amounted to $23,795 and $17,969, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the interest expenses on our outstanding loans amounted to $91,877 and $50,592, respectively. See Note 8 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included within this quarterly report for further information on details of our outstanding loans.
The following table summarizes our cash flow data for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
| For the Six Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Operating Activities | $ | (9,412,145 | ) | $ | 1,593,868 | |||
| Net Cash Used in Investing Activities | (2,845,468 | ) | (526,214 | ) | ||||
| Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities | 12,126,060 | (317,119 | ) | |||||
| Net Change in Cash | $ | (131,553 | ) | $ | 750,535 | |||
Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended September 30, 2024 was $9.4 million, which was due to net loss of $1.3 million, a decrease in tax payable of $1.5 million, and a decrease in accrued expenses and other payables of $0.4 million, an increase in inventories of $3.6 million, a decrease in account payable of $0.8 million, a decrease in operating lease liabilities of $1.5 million, and an increase in prepayments and other receivables of $1.8 million, partially offset by amortization of right-of-use assets of $1.7 million and a decrease in accounts receivables-related parties of $0.2 million.
Net cash provided by operating activities for the six months ended September 30, 2023 was $1.6 million, which was mainly comprised of net income of $1.2 million, an increase in accounts payable of $1.8 million, a noncash item of amortization of right-of-use assets of $1.2 million, offset by an increase in inventories of $1.7 million and a decrease in operating lease liabilities of $1.1 million.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $2.8 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024, which was due to purchase of GO FLY App from a related party of $0.5 million, purchase of software from a related party of $0.8 million, the advance to a related party of $0.5 million, and partially offset by the repayment from a related party of $0.5 million.
Net cash used in investing activities was $0.5 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023, which was due to the purchase of equipment of $0.5 million.
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Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $12.1 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024, which consisted of net proceeds of the IPO of $9.2 million, and loan proceeds of $3.7 million, partially offset by repayments of loans of $0.4 million and payment of IPO costs of $0.3 million.
Net cash used in financing activities was $0.3 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023, which consisted of deferred IPO cost of $0.1 million, repayments of loans of $0.3 million, repayments of other payables of related party of $0.2 million, and payments of related-party loan of $0.1 million, offset by loan proceeds of $0.4 million.
Commitments and Contractual Obligations
The following table presents our material contractual obligations as of September 30, 2024:
| Contractual Obligations | Total | Less than 1 year | 1 – 2 years | 3 – 5 years | Thereafter | |||||||||||||||
| Operating Lease Obligations and others | $ | 16,438,021 | 3,149,827 | 6,483,197 | 4,696,552 | 2,108,445 | ||||||||||||||
| Loan Payable | 6,991,919 | 6,800,791 | 191,128 | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| Total Contractual Obligations | $ | 23,429,940 | 9,950,618 | 6,674,325 | 4,696,552 | 2,108,445 | ||||||||||||||
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have not entered into any transactions, agreements or other contractual arrangements that would result in off-balance sheet liabilities.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Foreign Exchange Risk
A substantial majority of all of our revenues and expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars. We do not believe that we currently have any significant direct foreign exchange risk and have not used any derivative financial instruments to hedge exposure to such risk. In addition, as our business and operation expand in European and other overseas markets in the future, we may be exposed to increased foreign exchange risks for other currencies.
Interest Rate Risk
Our exposure to interest rate risk primarily relates to the interest expenses on our short-term and long-term bank borrowings. Our short-term and long-term bank borrowings bear interests at fixed rates. We have not been exposed to, nor do we anticipate being exposed to, material risks due to changes in market interest rates. However, our future interest expenses may exceed expectations due to changes in market interest rates. If we were to renew these short-term and long-term bank borrowings, we might be subject to interest rate risk.
Critical Accounting Estimates
An accounting estimate is considered critical if it requires to be made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time such estimate is made, and if different accounting estimates that reasonably could have been used, or changes in the accounting estimate that are reasonably likely to occur periodically, could materially impact the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
We prepare our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions. We continually evaluate these estimates and assumptions based on the most recently available information, our own historical experiences and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Since the use of estimates is an integral component of the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from our expectations as a result of changes in our estimates. Some of our accounting policies require a higher degree of judgment than others in their application and require us to make significant accounting estimates.
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Critical Accounting Policies
When reading our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, you should consider our selection of critical accounting policies, the judgment and other uncertainties affecting the application of such policies and the sensitivity of reported results to changes in conditions and assumptions. Our critical accounting policies and practices include the following: (i) revenue recognition; and (ii) income taxes. See “Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the disclosure of these accounting policies. We believe the following accounting estimates involve the most significant judgments used in the preparation of our financial statements.
Estimated Allowance for Inventories
Our estimated allowance for the inventory obsolescence reserves is based on our assessment of realization of inventory. Adjustments are recorded to write down the cost of inventories to the estimated net realizable value due to slow-moving merchandise and obsolescence, which is dependent upon factors such as inventory aging, historical and forecasted consumer demand, and market conditions that impact pricing. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, we recorded inventory allowance balance of $622,623 and $514,021, respectively.
Product Warranties
We provide a three-month warranty on our vehicles and the battery pack. We accrue warranty reserves at the time a vehicle is delivered to the customer. Warranty reserves include our best estimate of the projected cost to repair or to replace any items under warranty, based on actual warranty experience as it becomes available and other known factors that may impact our evaluation of historical data. We review our reserves regularly to ensure that our accruals are adequate in meeting expected future warranty obligations, and we will adjust our estimates as needed. Factors that could have an impact on the warranty reserve include the following: changes in manufacturing quality, shifts in product mix, changes in warranty coverage periods, product recalls and changes in sales volume. Warranty expense is recorded as a component of cost of revenues in the statement of operations. The portion of the warranty provision which is expected to be incurred within three months from the balance sheet date will be classified as current and classified as short-term liabilities. The Company accrued $31,036 and $27,714 of warranty reserves under accrued expenses and other payables as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively.
Income Taxes
We provide current income tax expenses in accordance with the laws of the relevant taxing authorities. As part of the process of preparing financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the tax jurisdictions in which we operate, including New York State, New York City, New Jersey, Texas, Florida, California, Washington, D.C. and Canada.
We account for income taxes using the asset and liability approach. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for tax consequences in future years based on differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements at each year-end and tax loss carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates applicable for the differences that are expected to reverse.
A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce deferred tax assets to the extent that we consider it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will not be realized in the foreseeable future. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, we did not record any valuation allowance deferred tax assets.
We record uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740 on the basis of a two-step process in which (1) we determines if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, and (2) measures the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more likely than not to be realized upon ultimate settlement. An uncertain income tax provision will not be recognized if it has less than a 50 percent likelihood of being sustained.
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We consider many factors when evaluating our tax positions and estimating its tax benefits, which may require periodic adjustments, and which may not accurately forecast actual outcomes. We will include interest and fines arising from the underpayment of income taxes as a component of the provision for income taxes (if anticipated). Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified as income tax expense in the period incurred. For the six months ended September 30, 2024, the Company accrued $98,322 income tax related penalty included in taxes payable in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. For the six months ended September 30, 2023, $73,817 accrued related to underpayment of income tax are classified as income tax expense in the period incurred. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, we did not have any significant unrecognized uncertain tax positions.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Not applicable for smaller reporting companies.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (together, the “Certifying Officers”), to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Certifying Officers, we carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based on the foregoing, our Certifying Officers concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of the end of the period covered by this Report.
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The material weaknesses that have been identified included our lack of (i) sufficient financial reporting and accounting personnel with appropriate knowledge of generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (the “U.S. GAAP”) and SEC reporting requirements to properly address complex U.S. GAAP accounting issues and to prepare and review our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures to fulfill U.S. GAAP and SEC financial reporting requirements, (ii) formal internal control policies and internal independent supervision functions to establish formal risk assessment process and internal control framework, and (iii) sufficient controls designed and implemented in IT environment and IT general control activities, which are mainly associated with areas of logical access management, change management, computer operation, service organization management as well as cyber security management. We plan to enhance our IT infrastructure by outsourcing our IT department to a provider to manage PC operations and system monitoring. Additionally, we are developing and plan to implement an enterprise resource planning system to streamline sales, inventory, financial reporting, and order management. We will devote resources to remediate these material weaknesses as we grow and such resources required for implementing proper internal controls for financial reporting are available. Our management performed additional analysis as deemed necessary to ensure that our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Report were prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Accordingly, management believes that the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Report present fairly, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the periods presented.
We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of disclosure controls and procedures also is based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.
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PART II - Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
From time to time, we may be subject to legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. Regardless of the outcome of any existing or future litigation, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources, and other factors.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Except for the additional risk factors set forth below, there have been no material changes to our Risk Factors as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2024 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2024, as filed with the SEC on June 28, 2024 and August 16, 2024, respectively.
There can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with the continued listing standards of Nasdaq.
Our eligibility for listing on Nasdaq depends on our ability to comply with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements.
On October 2, 2024, we received written notice from Nasdaq indicating that the bid price for our common stock for the last 31 consecutive business days, had closed below the minimum $1.00 per share and, as a result, we are not in compliance with the $1.00 minimum bid price requirement for the continued listing on Nasdaq, as set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2).
In accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), we have a period of 180 calendar days, or until March 31, 2025, to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement. To regain compliance, the closing bid price of our common stock must meet or exceed $1.00 per share for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days during this 180 day period.
If we are not in compliance by March 31, 2025, we may qualify for a second 180 calendar day compliance period. To qualify, we will be required to meet the continued listing requirement for market value of publicly held shares and all other initial listing standards for Nasdaq, with the exception of the bid price requirement, and will need to provide written notice of our intention to cure the deficiency during the second compliance period, by effecting a reverse stock split, if necessary. If it appears to Nasdaq that we will not be able to cure the deficiency, or we are otherwise not eligible, then Nasdaq will notify us of its determination to delist our common stock, at which point we would have an option to appeal the delisting determination to a Nasdaq hearings panel.
We are considering available options to regain compliance Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to regain such compliance.
If Nasdaq delists our common stock from trading on its exchange, we and our stockholders could face significant material adverse consequences including:
| ● | a limited availability of market quotations for our securities; |
| ● |
a determination that our common stock is a “penny stock,” which will require brokers trading in our common stock to adhere to more stringent rules, possibly resulting in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our common stock; |
| ● | a limited amount of analyst coverage; and |
| ● | a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future. |
There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
We believe there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern as of the date of this Report. The going concern may be included in our future reports and could materially limit our ability to raise additional funds through the issuance of new debt or equity securities or otherwise.
As of September 30, 2024, we had working capital of approximately $2.3 million and cash of approximately $1.3 million. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, we had net loss of approximately $1.1 million and $1.3 million, respectively. During the six months ended September 30, 2024, net cash used in operating activities of the Company was approximately $9.4 million. As of September 30, 2024, we had a current portion of contractual obligation of approximately $9.6 million. We plan to alleviate the going concern risk through (i) equity financing to support the Company’s working capital; (ii) other available sources of financing (including debt) from banks and other financial institutions; and (iii) financial support from the Company’s related parties. There is no assurance that we will be successful in implementing the foregoing plans or that additional financing will be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. Our inability to secure needed financing when required could require material changes to our business plans and could have a material adverse effect on our ability to continue as a going concern and results of operations.
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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
We did not undertake any unregistered sales of our equity securities during the quarter ended September 30, 2024.
During the quarter ended September 30, 2024, we did not repurchase any shares of our common stock.
On June 7, 2024, we closed our IPO of 2,250,000 shares of our common stock at the price of $4.00 per share, resulting in net proceeds to us of $7.9 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. On June 25, 2024, we sold an additional 337,500 shares of common stock to the underwriters of our IPO for gross proceeds of $1.4 million upon full exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option. All of the shares issued and sold in our IPO were registered under the Securities Act pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1, as amended (File No. 333-276830), which was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 14, 2024. The Benchmark Company, LLC acted as representative of the underwriters. We paid the underwriters in aggregate approximately $0.7 million in underwriting commissions and incurred offering expenses of approximately $0.5 million. No payments for such expenses were made to our directors or officers or their associates, holders of 10% or more of any class of our equity securities, or to our affiliates. No proceeds were used for the year ended March 31, 2024. Given the decline in sales and a weaker market demand, we launched E-bike rental business and reallocated proceeds originally intended for retail store expansion toward strategically building our inventory reserve. As of November 14, 2024, we used approximately $4.3 million, $2.5 million, and $2.5 million for purchase of inventory and production costs, software development, and working capital, respectively. As of the date of this Report, we have used all the proceeds from the IPO.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information.
Trading Arrangements
During the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024, none of our directors
or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act)
Item 6. Exhibits
| 31.1* | Section 302 Certification of Principal Executive Officer | |
| 31.2* | Section 302 Certification of Principal Financial Officer | |
| 32.1** | Section 906 Certification of Principal Executive Officer | |
| 32.2** | Section 906 Certification of Principal Financial Officer | |
| 101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document. | |
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | |
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | |
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | |
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | |
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. | |
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). |
| * | Filed herewith |
| ** | Furnished herewith |
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SIGNATURES
In accordance with the requirements of Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| FLY-E GROUP, INC. | ||
| By: | /s/ Zhou Ou | |
| Zhou Ou Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | ||
| November 19, 2024 | ||
| By: | /s/ Shiwen Feng | |
| Shiwen Feng Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | ||
| November 19, 2024 | ||
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