SEC Form 10-Q filed by Gencor Industries Inc.

GENCOR INDUSTRIES, INC.

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”) and the Company’s other communications and statements may contain certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), including statements about the Company’s beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, estimates, projections and intentions. All forward-looking statements, by their nature, are subject to significant risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, many of which are beyond the Company’s control. The Company’s actual future results may differ materially from those set forth in the Company’s forward-looking statements depending on a variety of important factors, including the financial condition of the Company’s customers, changes in the economic and competitive environments and demand for the Company’s products. In addition, the impact of the invasion by Russia into Ukraine and the conflict between Israel and Hamas, as well as actions taken by other countries, including the U.S., in response to such conflicts, could result in a disruption in our supply chain and higher costs of our products. The words “may,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “target,” “goal,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

For information concerning these factors and related matters, see the following sections of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023: (a) Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” and (b) Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”. However, other factors besides those referenced could adversely affect the Company’s results, and you should not consider any such list of factors to be a complete set of all potential risks or uncertainties. Any forward-looking statement made by the Company herein speaks as of the date of this Quarterly Report. The Company does not undertake to update any forward-looking statements, except as required by law.

Unless the context otherwise indicates, all references in this Quarterly Report to the “Company,” “Gencor,” “we,” “us,” or “our,” or similar words are to Gencor Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Information

This Quarterly Report contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Exchange Act, which represent the Company’s expectations and beliefs, including, but not limited to, statements concerning gross margins, sales of the Company’s products and future financing plans, income from investments and litigation. These statements by their nature involve substantial risks and uncertainties, certain of which are beyond the Company’s control. Actual results may differ materially depending on a variety of important factors, including the financial condition of the Company’s customers, changes in the economic and competitive environments, the performance of the investment portfolio and the demand for the Company’s products.

For information concerning these factors and related matters, see the following sections of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023: (a) Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” and (b) Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”. However, other factors besides those referenced could adversely affect the Company’s results, and you should not consider any such list of factors to be a complete set of all potential risks or uncertainties. Any forward-looking statements made by the Company herein speak as of the date of this Quarterly Report. The Company does not undertake to update any forward-looking statement, except as required by law.

Overview

Gencor is a leading manufacturer of heavy machinery used in the production of highway construction equipment and materials and environmental control equipment. The Company’s core products include asphalt pavers, hot mix asphalt plants, combustion systems, and fluid heat transfer systems. The Company’s products are manufactured at three facilities in the United States.

Because the Company’s products are sold primarily to the highway construction industry, the business is seasonal in nature. Traditionally, the Company’s customers reduce their purchases of new equipment for shipment during the summer and fall months to avoid disrupting their peak season for highway construction and related repair work. The majority of orders for the Company’s products are thus received between October and February, with a significant volume of shipments occurring in the late winter and spring. The principal factors driving demand for the Company’s products are the overall economic conditions, the level of government funding for domestic highway construction and repair, Canadian infrastructure spending, the need for spare parts, fluctuations in the price of liquid asphalt, and a trend towards larger, more efficient asphalt plants.

On November 15, 2021, President Biden signed into law a five-year, $1.2 trillion infrastructure bill, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (the “IIJ Act”), including $550 billion in new spending and reauthorization of $650 billion in previously allocated funds. The IIJ Act provides $110 billion for the nation’s highways, bridges and roads.

Fluctuations in the price of carbon steel, which is a significant cost and material used in the manufacturing of the Company’s equipment, may affect the Company’s financial performance. The Company is subject to fluctuations in market prices for raw materials, such as steel. If the Company is unable to purchase materials it requires or is unable to pass on price increases to its customers or otherwise reduce its cost of goods sold, its business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.

Also, a significant increase in the price of liquid asphalt could decrease demand for hot mix asphalt paving materials and certain of the Company’s products. Increases in oil prices also drive up the cost of gasoline and diesel, which results in increased freight costs. Where possible, the Company will pass increased freight costs on to its customers. However, the Company may not be able to recapture all of the higher costs and thus could have a negative impact on the Company’s financial performance.

The Company believes its strategy of continuing to invest in product engineering and development and its focus on delivering the highest quality products and superior service will strengthen the Company’s market position. The Company continues to review its internal processes to identify inefficiencies and cost-reduction opportunities. The Company will continue to scrutinize its relationships with suppliers to ensure it is achieving the highest quality materials and services at the most competitive cost.

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Concerns over inflation, geopolitical issues, and global financial markets have led to increased economic instability and expectations of slower global economic growth. Our business may be adversely affected by any such economic instability or unpredictability. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and related sanctions has led to increased energy prices. Such sanctions and disruptions to the global economy may lead to additional inflation and may disrupt the global supply chain and could have a material adverse effect on our ability to secure supplies. The increased cost of oil, along with increased or prolonged periods of inflation, would likely increase our costs in the form of higher wages, and further inflation on supplies and equipment necessary to operate our business. Additionally, the armed conflict involving Hamas and Israel, as well as further escalation of tensions between Israel, the U. S., and various countries in the Middle East and North Africa, may cause increased inflation in energy and logistics costs and could further cause general economic conditions in the U.S. or abroad to deteriorate. There is a risk that one or more of our suppliers could be negatively affected by global economic instability, which could adversely affect our ability to operate efficiently and timely complete our operational goals. As of the date of issuance of this Quarterly Report, the Company’s operations have not been significantly impacted.

Beginning in 2022, the TCJA eliminated the option of expensing all research and development expenditures in the current year, instead requiring amortization over five years pursuant to IRC Section 174. In the future, Congress may consider legislation that would eliminate the capitalization and amortization requirement. There is no assurance that the requirement will be deferred, repealed or otherwise modified. The requirement was effective for the Company’s fiscal year 2023, beginning October 1, 2022. The Company will continue to make additional estimated federal tax payments based on the current Section 174 tax law. The impact of Section 174 on the Company’s cash from operations depends primarily on the amount of research and development expenditures incurred and whether the IRS issues guidance on the provision which differs from our current interpretation.

Results of Operations

Quarter Ended June 30, 2024 versus June 30, 2023

Net revenues for the quarter ended June 30, 2024 decreased $2,326,000, or 8.3%, to $25,551,000, from $27,877,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2023. The decrease in revenues was primarily due to lower equipment sales recognized at a point in time and reduced parts and component sales. The lower revenues primarily reflect timing of orders and shipments.

As a percent of sales, gross profit margins decreased to 23.9% in the quarter ended June 30, 2024, compared to 26.9% in the quarter ended June 30, 2023, on lower absorption from reduced production and lower parts sales.

Product engineering and development expenses decreased by $21,000 to $824,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2024, as compared to $845,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2023. Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses increased by $76,000 to $3,290,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2024, compared to $3,214,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2023. The increase in SG&A expenses was due to increased professional fees.

Operating income decreased from $3,453,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2023 to $1,993,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2024, due to lower net revenues and reduced gross profit margins.

For the quarter ended June 30, 2024, the Company had net other income of $1,329,000 compared to $719,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2023. Interest and dividend income, net of fees, was $966,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2024 as compared to $673,000 in the quarter ended June 30, 2023. The increase was primarily due to higher interest rates earned on increased cash balances and fixed income investments. The net realized and unrealized gains on marketable securities were $363,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2024 versus $46,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2023, due to the sale of bonds prior to maturity.

The effective income tax rate for the quarters ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023 was 23.0%, based on the expected annual effective income tax rate.

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Net income for the quarter ended June 30, 2024 was $2,558,000, or $0.17 per basic and diluted share, versus net income of $3,212,000, or $0.22 per basic and diluted share, for the quarter ended June 30, 2023.

Nine Months Ended June 30, 2024 versus June 30, 2023

Net revenues for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 were $92,245,000 and $84,204,000, respectively, an increase of $8,041,000, or 9.5%. The improved net revenue was primarily due to the impact of government funding for highways, bridges and roads under the IIJ Act, resulting in higher sales of asphalt plants in the current year period.

Gross profit margins increased to 28.1% for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 from 26.6% for the nine months ended June 30, 2023. The higher gross profit margins in fiscal 2024 were due to improved absorption and efficiency on increased production and favorable price realization.

Product engineering and development expenses decreased $98,000 to $2,518,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2024, compared to $2,616,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2023 due primarily to reduced headcount. SG&A expenses increased $1,922,000 to $10,997,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2024, compared to $9,075,000 the nine months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in SG&A expenses was primarily due to increased trade show expenses, professional fees and commissions on higher net revenue.

The Company had operating income of $12,448,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 versus $10,733,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in operating income was due primarily to the increased net revenue and gross profit margins.

For the nine months ended June 30, 2024, the Company had net other income of $4,572,000 compared to $4,431,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2023. Interest and dividend income, net of fees, was $2,485,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 as compared to $1,731,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in interest and dividend income, net of fees, for the nine months ended June 30, 2024, was primarily due to higher interest rates earned on increased cash balances and fixed income investments coupled with the Company reallocating a majority of its holdings in equities to fixed income in January 2023. Net realized and unrealized gains on marketable securities were $2,087,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 versus $2,700,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease in net realized and unrealized gains on marketable securities for the nine months ended June 30, 2024, was primarily due to the Company reallocating a majority of its holdings in equities to fixed income in January 2023.

The effective income tax rates for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023 were 23.0% and 23.8% respectively, based on the expected annual effective income tax rate. Net income for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 was $13,106,000, or $0.89 per basic and diluted share, versus net income of $11,561,000, or $0.79 per basic and diluted share for the nine months ended June 30, 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company generates capital resources through operations and returns on its investments.

The Company had no long-term or short-term debt outstanding at June 30, 2024 or September 30, 2023. In April 2020, a financial institution issued an irrevocable standby letter of credit (“letter of credit”) on behalf of the Company for the benefit of one of the Company’s insurance carriers. The maximum amount that can be drawn by the beneficiary under the letter of credit is $150,000. The letter of credit expires in April 2025, unless terminated earlier, and can be extended, as provided by the agreement. The Company intends to renew the letter of credit for as long as the Company does business with the beneficiary insurance carrier. The letter is collateralized by restricted cash of the same amount on any outstanding drawings. To date, no amounts have been drawn under the letter of credit.

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As of June 30, 2024, the Company had $28,780,000 in cash and cash equivalents, and $87,805,000 in marketable securities, including $31,452,000 in corporate bonds, $3,557,000 in exchange-traded funds, $52,612,000 in government securities, and $184,000 in cash and money funds. The marketable securities are invested through a professional investment management firm. These securities may be liquidated into cash at any time.

The Company’s backlog was $46.6 million at June 30, 2024 compared to $27.9 million at June 30, 2023. The Company’s working capital (defined as current assets less current liabilities) was $179.0 million at June 30, 2024 and $164.8 million at September 30, 2023. Cash flows provided by operating activities during the nine months ended June 30, 2024 were $12,512,000. The significant purchases, sales and maturities of marketable securities shown on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows reflect the recurring purchases and sales of United States treasury bills, including the reallocation of investments in equities and mutual funds to United States treasury bills in January 2023. Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings increased $1,192,000 with the timing of inventory build and percentage of completion recognition on sales where revenue is recognized over time. Inventories decreased by $8,295,000 due to completion and shipment on several large contract orders where revenue is recognized at a point in time as well as increased parts sales. Prepaid expenses decreased $1,638,000 due primarily to amortization of trade show expenses. Customer deposits decreased by $4,255,000 reflecting down payments and final payments on contract jobs that shipped complete during the nine months ended June 30, 2024. Accrued expenses decreased $2,013,000 due primarily to payments made on federal and state income taxes accrued at September 30, 2023.

Cash flows used in investing activities for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 of $763,000 were related to capital expenditures, primarily for building improvements and handling equipment.

Seasonality

The Company’s primary business is the manufacture of asphalt plants, pavers and related components. These products typically experience a seasonal slowdown during the third and fourth quarters of the calendar year. This slowdown often results in lower reported sales and operating results during the first and fourth quarters of the fiscal year ended September 30.

Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Assumptions

The Company believes the following discussion addresses its most critical accounting policies, which are those that are most important to the portrayal of the financial condition and results of operations and require management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Accounting policies, in addition to the critical accounting policies referenced below, are presented in Note 1 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023, “Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.”

Estimates and Assumptions

In preparing the condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company uses certain estimates and assumptions that may affect reported amounts and disclosures. Estimates and assumptions are used, among other places, when accounting for certain revenue (e.g., contract accounting), expense, and asset and liability valuations. The Company believes that the estimates and assumptions made in preparing the condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable, but are inherently uncertain. Assumptions may be incomplete or inaccurate and unanticipated events may occur. The Company is subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ from estimated results.

Revenues & Expenses

The Company recognizes revenue under ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). Revenues from contracts with customers for the design, manufacture and sale of custom equipment are recognized over time when the performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control of the equipment. Control of the equipment transfers over time, as the equipment is unique to the specific contract and thus does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Company. Revenues and costs are recognized in proportion to actual labor costs

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incurred, as compared with total estimated labor costs expected to be incurred, during the entire contract. All incremental costs related to obtaining a contract are expensed as incurred, as the amortization period is less than one year. Changes to total estimated contract costs or losses, if any, are recognized in the period in which they are determined.

Contract assets (excluding accounts receivable) under contracts with customers represent revenue recognized in excess of amounts billed on equipment sales recognized over time. These contract assets were $2,700,000 at June 30, 2024 and $1,508,000 at September 30, 2023. Contract assets are included in current assets as costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023. The Company anticipates that all of the contract assets at June 30, 2024, will be billed and collected within one year.

Revenues from all other contracts for the design and manufacture of equipment, for service and for parts sales, net of any discounts and return allowances, are recorded at a point in time when control of the goods or services has been transferred. Control of the goods or service typically transfers at time of shipment or upon completion of the service.

Payment for equipment under contract with customers is typically due prior to shipment. Payment for services under contract with customers is due as services are completed. Accounts receivable related to contracts with customers for equipment sales recognized at a point in time were $153,000 and $114,000 at June 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, respectively.

Product warranty costs are estimated using historical experience and known issues and are charged to production costs as revenue is recognized.

Under certain contracts with customers, recognition of a portion of the consideration received may be deferred and recorded as a contract liability if the Company has to satisfy a future obligation, such as to provide installation assistance. There were no contract liabilities other than customer deposits at June 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023. Customer deposits related to contracts with customers were $2,560,000 and $6,815,000 at June 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, respectively, and are included in current liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company records revenues earned for shipping and handling as freight revenue at the time of shipment, regardless of whether or not it is identified as a separate performance obligation. The cost of shipping and handling is classified as cost of goods sold concurrently with the revenue recognition.

All product engineering and development costs, and selling, general and administrative expenses are charged to operations as incurred. Provision is made for any anticipated contract losses in the period that the loss becomes evident.

The allowance for credit losses is determined by performing a specific review of all account balances greater than 90 days past due and other higher risk amounts to determine collectability, and also adjusting for any known customer payment issues with account balances in the less-than-90-day past due aging category. The measurement and recognition of credit losses involves judgment and represents the Company’s estimate of expected credit losses based on a number of considerations, including historical credit loss experience, the aging of account balances, customer credit worthiness, and current and expected economic, market and industry factors impacting the Company’s customers, including their financial condition. Account balances are charged off against the allowance for credit losses when they are determined to be uncollectible. Any recoveries of account balances previously considered in the allowance for credit losses reduce future additions to the allowance for credit losses. The allowance for credit losses also includes an estimate for returns and allowances. Provisions for estimated returns and allowances and other adjustments, are provided for in the same period the related sales are recorded. Returns and allowances, which reduce product revenue, are estimated using known issues and historical experience.

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Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost being determined under the first in, first out method and net realizable value defined as the estimated selling price of goods less reasonable costs of completion and delivery. Appropriate consideration is given to obsolescence, excessive levels, deterioration, possible alternative uses and other factors in determining net realizable value. The cost of work in process and finished goods includes materials, direct labor, variable costs and overhead. The Company evaluates the need to record inventory adjustments on all inventories, including raw material, work in process, finished goods, spare parts and used equipment. Used equipment acquired by the Company on trade-in from customers is carried at estimated net realizable value. Unless specific circumstances warrant different treatment regarding inventory obsolescence, an allowance is established to reduce the cost basis of inventories three to four years old by 50%, the cost basis of inventories four to five years old by 75%, and the cost basis of inventories greater than five years old to zero. Inventory is typically reviewed for obsolescence on an annual basis computed as of September 30, the Company’s fiscal year end. If significant known changes in trends, technology or other specific circumstances that warrant consideration occur during the year, then the impact on obsolescence is considered at that time.

Marketable Securities and Fair Value Measurements

Marketable debt and equity securities are categorized as trading securities and are thus marked to market and stated at fair value. Fair value is determined using the quoted closing or latest bid prices for Level 1 investments and market standard valuation methodologies for Level 2 investments. Realized gains and (losses) on investment transactions are determined by specific identification and are recognized as incurred in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Net unrealized gains and (losses) are reported in the condensed consolidated statements of income in the current period and represent the change in the fair value of investment holdings during the period.

Long-Lived Asset Impairment

Property and equipment and intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset (or asset group) may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when the carrying amount of an asset exceeds the estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. The amount of the impairment loss to be recorded is calculated by the excess over its fair value of the asset’s carrying value. Fair value is generally determined using a discounted cash flow analysis.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Not applicable.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company’s President (who is currently serving as the Company’s Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. Based upon that evaluation, the President and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Because of inherent limitations, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well-designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of such disclosure controls and procedures are met, and no evaluation can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

The Company’s management, including the President and Chief Financial Officer, has reviewed the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter and nine months ended June 30, 2024 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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Item 6. Exhibits

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

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