UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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FORM
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(Mark One)
| | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended
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| | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Commission file number:
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(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
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(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| | Accelerated filer ☐ | Non-accelerated filer ☐ |
| Smaller reporting company | Emerging growth company |
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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes
There were
MONOLITHIC POWER SYSTEMS, INC.
For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2025
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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MONOLITHIC POWER SYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except par value)
(Unaudited)
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Short-term investments | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ||||||||
| Inventories | ||||||||
| Other current assets | ||||||||
| Total current assets | ||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||||
| Acquisition-related intangible assets, net | ||||||||
| Goodwill | ||||||||
| Deferred tax assets, net | ||||||||
| Other long-term assets | ||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accrued compensation and related benefits | ||||||||
| Other accrued liabilities | ||||||||
| Total current liabilities | ||||||||
| Income tax liabilities | ||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | ||||||||
| Total liabilities | ||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity: | ||||||||
| Common stock and additional paid-in capital: $ par value; shares authorized: ; shares issued and outstanding: and , respectively | ||||||||
| Retained earnings | ||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | ||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | $ | ||||||
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
MONOLITHIC POWER SYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per-share amounts)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Revenue | $ | $ | ||||||
| Cost of revenue | ||||||||
| Gross profit | ||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||
| Research and development | ||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | ||||||||
| Total operating expenses | ||||||||
| Operating income | ||||||||
| Other income, net | ||||||||
| Income before income taxes | ||||||||
| Income tax expense | ||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | ||||||
| Net income per share: | ||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | ||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | ||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding: | ||||||||
| Basic | ||||||||
| Diluted | ||||||||
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
MONOLITHIC POWER SYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | ||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | ||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | ( | ) | ||||||
| Change in unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, net of tax of $ and $, respectively | ||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | ( | ) | ||||||
| Comprehensive income | $ | $ | ||||||
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
MONOLITHIC POWER SYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In thousands, except per-share amounts)
(Unaudited)
| Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock and | Other | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
| Additional Paid-in Capital | Retained | Comprehensive | Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | Shares | Amount | Earnings | Loss | Equity | |||||||||||||||
| Balance as of January 1, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Net income | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends and dividend equivalents declared ($ per share) | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock and | Other | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
| Additional Paid-in Capital | Retained | Comprehensive | Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | Shares | Amount | Earnings | Loss | Equity | |||||||||||||||
| Balance as of January 1, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Net income | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Dividends and dividend equivalents declared ($ per share) | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
MONOLITHIC POWER SYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | ||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||
| Amortization of discount on available-for-sale securities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Loss (gain) on deferred compensation plan investments | ( | ) | ||||||
| Deferred taxes, net | ||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | ||||||||
| Other | ( | ) | ||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Inventories | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other assets | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | ||||||||
| Accrued compensation and related benefits | ||||||||
| Income tax liabilities | ||||||||
| Other accrued liabilities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | ||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Purchases of investments | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Maturities and sales of investments | ||||||||
| Cash paid for acquisition, net of cash acquired | ( | ) | ||||||
| Contributions to deferred compensation plan | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||
| Property and equipment purchased on extended payment terms | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Proceeds from common stock issued under the employee stock purchase plan | ||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock | ( | ) | ||||||
| Dividends and dividend equivalents paid | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Effect of change in exchange rates | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | ||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplemental disclosures for cash flow information: | ||||||||
| Cash paid (refunded) for income taxes, net | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
| Non-cash investing and financing activities: | ||||||||
| Liability accrued for property and equipment purchases | $ | $ | ||||||
| Liability accrued for dividends and dividend equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
MONOLITHIC POWER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. (the “Company” or “MPS”) in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted in accordance with these accounting principles, rules and regulations. The information in this report should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 3, 2025.
In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The financial statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025 or for any other future periods.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
There have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2025 to those described in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions used in these condensed consolidated financial statements primarily include those related to income tax valuation allowances, inventory valuation and stock-based compensation. Actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions, and any such differences may be material to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted as of March 31, 2025
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which aims to improve an entity’s income tax disclosures around its effective rate reconciliation, income taxes paid, disaggregation of income before income taxes and income tax expense. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning January 1, 2025. The standard should be applied prospectively but retrospective application is permitted. Adoption of this new guidance will result in increased disclosures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which aims to provide more detailed information about the types of expenses in commonly presented expense captions. The guidance will be effective for annual periods beginning January 1, 2027 and interim periods beginning January 1, 2028. The standard can be applied prospectively or retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is evaluating the impact of adoption on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
2. REVENUE RECOGNITION
Revenue from Product Sales
The Company generates revenue primarily from product sales, which include assembled and tested integrated circuits (“ICs”), power modules as well as dies in wafer form. The remaining revenue, which primarily consists of royalty revenue from licensing arrangements and revenue from wafer testing services performed for third parties, was not significant in any of the periods presented. See Note 7 for the disaggregation of the Company’s revenue by geographic region.
The Company sells its products to end customers primarily through third-party distributors and value-added resellers. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024,
The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of the promised goods or services to its customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The Company excludes taxes assessed by government authorities, such as sales taxes, from revenue.
Product sales consist of a single performance obligation that the Company satisfies at a point in time. The Company recognizes product revenue from distributors and direct end customers when the following events have occurred: (a) the Company has transferred physical possession of the products, (b) the Company has a present right to payment, (c) the customer has legal title to the products, and (d) the customer bears significant risks and rewards of ownership of the products. In accordance with the shipping terms specified in the contracts, these criteria are generally met when the products are shipped from the Company’s facilities (such as the “Ex Works” shipping term) or delivered to the customers’ locations (such as the “Delivered Duty Paid” shipping term).
Under certain consignment agreements, the Company recognizes revenue when the customers consume the products from the consigned inventory locations, at which time control transfers to the customers and the Company issues invoices.
Variable Consideration
The Company accounts for price adjustments and stock rotation rights as variable consideration that reduces the transaction price and recognizes that reduction in the same period the associated revenue is recognized. Certain U.S.-based distributors have price adjustment rights when they sell the Company’s products to their customers at a price that is lower than the distribution price invoiced by the Company. When the Company receives claims from the distributors that products have been sold to the end customers at the lower prices, the Company issues the distributors credit memos for the price adjustments. The Company estimates the price adjustments using the expected value method based on an analysis of historical claims, at both the distributor and product level, as well as an assessment of any known trends of product sales mix. Other U.S. distributors and non-U.S. distributors do not have price adjustment rights. The Company records a credit against accounts receivable for the estimated price adjustments, with a corresponding reduction to revenue.
Certain distributors have limited stock rotation rights that permit the return of a small percentage of the previous six months’ purchases in accordance with the contract terms. The Company estimates the stock rotation returns using the expected value method based on an analysis of historical returns, and the current level of inventory in the distribution channel. The Company records a liability for the stock rotation reserve, with a corresponding reduction to revenue. In addition, the Company recognizes an asset for product returns which represents the right to recover products from the customers related to stock rotations, with a corresponding reduction to cost of revenue.
Contract Balances
Accounts Receivable:
The Company records a receivable when it has an unconditional right to receive consideration after the performance obligations are satisfied. The Company’s accounts receivables are short-term, with standard payment terms generally ranging from 30 to 90 days. The Company does not require its customers to provide collateral to support accounts receivable. The Company assesses collectability by reviewing accounts receivable on a customer-by-customer basis. To manage credit risk, management performs ongoing credit evaluations of the customers’ financial condition, monitors payment performance, and assesses current economic conditions, as well as reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions, that may affect collectability of the outstanding receivables. For certain customers, the Company requires standby letters of credit or advance payments prior to shipments of goods. The Company did not recognize any write-offs of accounts receivable or record any allowance for credit losses for the periods presented.
Contract Liabilities:
For customers without credit terms, the Company requires cash payments weeks before the products are scheduled to be shipped to the customers. The Company records these payments received in advance of performance as customer prepayments within other accrued liabilities. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, customer prepayments totaled $
Practical Expedients
The Company has elected the practical expedient to expense sales and sales representative commissions as incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less.
The Company’s standard payment terms generally require customers to pay
The Company’s unsatisfied performance obligations primarily include products held in consignment arrangements and customer purchase orders for products that the Company has not yet shipped. Because the Company expects to fulfill these performance obligations within one year, the Company has elected not to disclose the amount of these remaining performance obligations.
3. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
2014 Equity Incentive Plan
In April 2013, the Board of Directors adopted the Company’s 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2014 Plan”), which the Company’s stockholders approved in June 2013. In October 2014, the Board of Directors approved certain amendments to the 2014 Plan. The amended 2014 Plan became effective on November 13, 2014 and provided for the issuance of up to
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Cost of revenue | $ | $ | ||||||
| Research and development (“R&D”) | ||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) | ||||||||
| Total stock-based compensation expense | $ | $ | ||||||
| Tax benefit related to stock-based compensation (1) | $ | $ | ||||||
| (1) | Amount reflects the tax benefit related to stock-based compensation recorded for equity awards that are expected to generate tax deductions when they vest in future periods. Equity awards granted to the Company’s executive officers are subject to the tax deduction limitations set by Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code. |
Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”)
The Company’s RSUs include time-based RSUs, RSUs with performance conditions (“PSUs”), RSUs with market conditions (“MSUs”), and RSUs with both market and performance conditions (“MPSUs”). Vesting of awards with performance conditions or market conditions is subject to the achievement of pre-determined performance or market goals and the approval of such achievement by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Compensation Committee”). All awards include service conditions which require continued employment with or service to the Company.
A summary of RSU activity is presented in the table below (in thousands, except per-share amounts):
| Time-Based RSUs | PSUs and MPSUs | MSUs | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted- | Weighted- | Weighted- | Weighted- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average | Average | Average | Average | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grant Date | Grant Date | Grant Date | Grant Date | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of | Fair Value | Number of | Fair Value | Number of | Fair Value | Number of | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Per Share | Shares | Per Share | Shares | Per Share | Shares | Per Share | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at January 1, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Granted | $ | (1) | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vested | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Forfeited | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at March 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Amount reflects the number of awards that may ultimately be earned based on management’s probability assessment of the achievement of performance conditions at each reporting period. |
The intrinsic value related to vested RSUs was $
Time-Based RSUs:
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Compensation Committee granted
2025 PSUs:
In February 2025, the Compensation Committee granted
In February 2025, the Compensation Committee granted
The 2025 Executive PSUs and the 2025 Non-Executive PSUs contain a purchase price feature, which requires the employees to pay the Company $
4. BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS
Inventories
Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Raw materials | $ | $ | ||||||
| Work in process | ||||||||
| Finished goods | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
Other Current Assets
Other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Prepaid wafer expenses (1) | $ | $ | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses | ||||||||
| Other receivables (1) | ||||||||
| Others | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
| (1) | Prepaid wafer expenses and other receivables relate to a deposit made to a supplier under a long-term wafer supply agreement. See Note 8 for details about the supply agreement. |
Other Long-Term Assets
Other long-term assets consist of the following (in thousands):
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Deferred compensation plan assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) and related assets (1) | ||||||||
| Prepaid wafer purchases (2) | ||||||||
| Others | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
| (1) | The operating lease ROU and related assets include a fair value measurement related to favorable market terms on a facility lease. |
| (2) | Prepaid wafer purchases relate to a deposit made to a supplier under a long-term wafer supply agreement. See Note 8 for details about the supply agreement. |
Other Accrued Liabilities
Other accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Dividends and dividend equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Income tax payable | ||||||||
| Stock rotation and sales returns | ||||||||
| Others | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
Other Long-Term Liabilities
Other long-term liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Deferred compensation plan liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | ||||||||
| Dividend equivalents | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
5. LEASES
The Company has operating leases primarily for administrative, sales and marketing offices, manufacturing operations and R&D facilities, and employee housing units. These leases have remaining lease terms from less than year to
The following table summarizes the balances of operating lease ROU assets and liabilities (in thousands):
| March 31, | December 31, | ||||||||
| Financial Statement Line Item | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Operating lease ROU assets |
| $ | $ | ||||||
| Operating lease liabilities |
| $ | $ | ||||||
|
| $ | $ | |||||||
The following tables summarize certain information related to the leases (in thousands, except percentages and years):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Lease costs: | ||||||||
| Operating lease costs | $ | $ | ||||||
| Others | ||||||||
| Total lease costs | $ | $ | ||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | ||||||||
| Operating cash flows for operating leases | $ | $ | ||||||
| ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) | ||||||||
| Weighted-average discount rate | % | % | ||||||
As of March 31, 2025, the maturities of the lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):
| 2025 (remaining nine months) | $ | |||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
| 2028 | ||||
| 2029 | ||||
| Thereafter | ||||
| Total remaining lease payments | ||||
| Less: imputed interest | ( | ) | ||
| Total lease liabilities | $ |
As of March 31, 2025, operating leases that had not yet commenced were not material.
6. NET INCOME PER SHARE
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Diluted net income per share reflects the potential dilution from contingently issuable shares and calculated using the treasury stock method. Contingently issuable shares, including all types of equity awards, are considered outstanding shares of common stock and included in the basic net income per share as of the date that all necessary conditions to earn the awards have been satisfied. Prior to the end of the contingency period, the number of contingently issuable shares included in the diluted net income per share is based on the number of shares, if any, that would be issuable under the terms of the arrangement at the end of the reporting period.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share (in thousands, except per-share amounts):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Numerator: | ||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | ||||||
| Denominator: | ||||||||
| Weighted-average outstanding shares—basic | ||||||||
| Effect of dilutive securities | ||||||||
| Weighted-average outstanding shares—diluted | ||||||||
| Net income per share: | ||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | ||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | ||||||
Anti-dilutive common stock equivalents were not material for the periods presented.
7. SEGMENT, SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
The Company operates in reportable segment that includes the design, development, marketing and sale of high-performance, semiconductor-based power electronics solutions for the enterprise data, storage and computing, automotive, communications, consumer, and industrial end markets. The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is its Chief Executive Officer, who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for the purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. Specifically, the CODM uses net income that is reported on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and cash provided by operating activities reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows to decide whether and how much to reinvest profits into core business operations or to return to stockholders in the form of stock repurchases and dividends.
All significant segment expenses have been captured on the face of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The Company sells its products to end customers primarily through third-party distributors and value-added resellers. The following table summarizes those customers with sales equal to 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue for the periods presented:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| Customer | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||
| Distributor A | % | % | ||||||
| Distributor B | % | % | ||||||
| Distributor C | % | * | ||||||
*Represents less than 10%
The Company’s agreements with these third-party distributors were made in the ordinary course of business and may be terminated with or without cause by either party with advance notice. Although the Company may experience a short-term disruption in the distribution of its products and a short-term decline in revenue if its agreement with any of the distributors were terminated, the Company believes that such termination would not have a material adverse effect on its financial statements because it would be able to engage alternative distributors, resellers and other distribution channels to deliver its products to end customers within a short period following any termination of the agreement with a distributor.
The following table summarizes those customers with accounts receivable equal to 10% or more of the Company’s total net accounts receivable:
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| Customer | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||
| Distributor A | % | % | ||||||
| Distributor B | % | % | ||||||
| Distributor C | % | * | ||||||
*Represents less than 10%
The Company derives a majority of its revenue from sales to customers located outside North America, with geographic revenue based on the customers’ ship-to locations. The following is a summary of revenue by geographic region (in thousands) for the periods presented:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| Country or Region | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||
| China | $ | $ | ||||||
| Taiwan | ||||||||
| South Korea | ||||||||
| Southeast Asia | ||||||||
| Europe | ||||||||
| Japan | ||||||||
| U.S. | ||||||||
| Others | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
The following is a summary of long-lived assets by geographic region (in thousands):
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| Country | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||
| China | $ | $ | ||||||
| U.S. | ||||||||
| Taiwan | ||||||||
| Others | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
8. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Product Warranties and Rework
The Company generally provides either a - or -year warranty against defects in materials and workmanship and will repair the products, provide replacements at no charge to customers or issue a refund. As they are considered assurance-type warranties, the Company does not account for them as separate performance obligations. Historically, our warranty obligations have not been material. The Company may also incur rework costs associated with product-related claims. We accrue for warranty and rework costs upon evaluation of customer specific claims.
The changes in warranty reserves were as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Balance at beginning of period | $ | $ | ||||||
| Warranties issued | ||||||||
| Repairs, replacement and refund | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Changes in liability for pre-existing warranties | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Balance at end of period | $ | $ | ||||||
Changes in liability for pre-existing warranties result from changes in estimates for warranties issued in prior periods.
Purchase Commitments
The Company has outstanding purchase obligations with its suppliers and other parties that require the purchases of goods or services. The purchase obligations primarily consist of wafer and other inventory purchases, assembly and other manufacturing services, construction of manufacturing and R&D facilities, purchases of production and other equipment, and license arrangements.
In May 2022, the Company entered into a long-term supply agreement in order to secure manufacturing production capacity for silicon wafers over a four-year period. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had remaining prepayments under this agreement of $
Total estimated future unconditional purchase commitments to all suppliers and other parties, net of the $60.0 million prepayment, as of March 31, 2025 were as follows (in thousands):
| 2025 | $ | |||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
| Total | $ |
Litigation
The Company is a party to actions and proceedings in the ordinary course of business, including challenges to the enforceability or validity of its intellectual property, claims that the Company’s products infringe on the intellectual property rights of others, and employment matters. The Company has also been subject to litigation initiated by its stockholders. These proceedings often involve complex questions of fact and law and may require the expenditure of significant funds and the diversion of other resources to prosecute and defend. The Company defends itself vigorously against any such claims. As of March 31, 2025, there were no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company was a party.
9. CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, INVESTMENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH
The following is a summary of the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and debt investments (in thousands):
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | ||||||
| Money market funds | ||||||||
| U.S. treasuries and government agency bonds | ||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | ||||||||
| Corporate debt securities | ||||||||
| Auction-rate securities backed by student-loan notes | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Reported as: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Short-term investments | ||||||||
| Investment within other long-term assets | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
The following table summarizes the contractual maturities of the short-term and long-term available-for-sale investments as of March 31, 2025 (in thousands):
| Amortized Cost | Fair Value | |||||||
| Due in less than 1 year | $ | $ | ||||||
| Due in 1 - 5 years | ||||||||
| Due in greater than 5 years | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
Gross realized gains and losses recognized on the sales of available-for-sale investments were not material for the periods presented.
The following tables summarize the unrealized gain and loss positions related to the available-for-sale investments (in thousands):
| March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | Unrealized Gains | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
| Money market funds | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | ||||||||||||||||
| Corporate debt securities | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| U.S. treasuries and government agency bonds | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Auction-rate securities backed by student-loan notes | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | Unrealized Gains | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
| Money market funds | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | ||||||||||||||||
| Corporate debt securities | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Auction-rate securities backed by student-loan notes | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
The following tables present information about the available-for-sale investments that had been in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than 12 months and for greater than 12 months (in thousands):
| March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than 12 Months | Greater than 12 Months | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | |||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate debt securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| U.S. treasuries and government agency bonds | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Auction-rate securities backed by student-loan notes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than 12 Months | Greater than 12 Months | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | |||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate debt securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Auction-rate securities backed by student-loan notes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
An impairment exists when the fair value of an investment is less than its amortized cost basis. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company did not consider the impairment of its investments to be a result of credit losses. The Company typically invests in highly rated securities, with the primary objective of minimizing the potential risk of principal loss. The Company’s investment policy generally requires securities to be investment grade and limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. When evaluating a debt security for impairment, management reviews factors such as the Company’s intent to sell, or whether it will more likely than not be required to sell, the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the extent to which the fair value of the security is less than its cost, the financial condition of the issuer and the credit quality of the investment.
Restricted Cash
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets to the amounts reported on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands):
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Restricted cash included in other long-term assets | ||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | $ | $ | ||||||
10. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Fair Value Hierarchy
The Company has estimated the fair value of its financial assets by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement:
| ● | Level 1—includes instruments with quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. |
| ● | Level 2—includes instruments for which the valuations are based upon quoted market prices in active markets involving similar assets or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets. The market inputs used to value these instruments generally consist of market yields, recently executed transactions, broker/dealer quotes or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Pricing sources may include industry standard data providers, security master files from large financial institutions, and other third-party sources used to determine a daily market value. |
| ● | Level 3—includes instruments for which the valuations are based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. |
Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following tables detail the fair value of the Company’s financial assets measured on a recurring basis (in thousands):
| March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||
| Money market funds | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | ||||||||||||||||
| Corporate debt securities | ||||||||||||||||
| U.S. treasuries and government agency bonds | ||||||||||||||||
| Auction-rate securities backed by student-loan notes | ||||||||||||||||
| Mutual funds and money market funds under deferred compensation plan | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||
| Money market funds | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | ||||||||||||||||
| Corporate debt securities | ||||||||||||||||
| Auction-rate securities backed by student-loan notes | ||||||||||||||||
| Mutual funds and money market funds under deferred compensation plan | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Redemptions and changes in the fair value of the auction-rate securities classified as Level 3 assets were not material for the periods presented.
11. DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN
The following table summarizes the deferred compensation plan balances on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands):
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Deferred compensation plan asset components: | ||||||||
| Cash surrender value of corporate-owned life insurance policies | $ | $ | ||||||
| Fair value of mutual funds and money market funds | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
| Deferred compensation plan assets reported in: | ||||||||
| Other long-term assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Deferred compensation plan liabilities reported in: | ||||||||
| Accrued compensation and related benefits | $ | $ | ||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
12. OTHER INCOME, NET
The components of other income, net, were as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Interest income | $ | $ | ||||||
| Amortization of discount on available-for-sale securities | ||||||||
| Gain (loss) on deferred compensation plan investments | ( | ) | ||||||
| Charitable commitments | ( | ) | ||||||
| Others | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
13. INCOME TAXES
The income tax provision or benefit for interim periods is generally determined using an estimate of the Company’s annual effective tax rate and adjusted for discrete items, if any, in the relevant period. Each quarter the estimate of the annual effective tax rate is updated, and if the Company’s estimated tax rate changes, a cumulative adjustment is made.
The income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $
The income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $
In January 2025, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD”) released new Administrative Guidance on the application of the Global Anti-Base Erosion (“GLoBE”) Model Rules. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of this release and of other future guidance on the Company’s future global tax provision.
In December 2023, the Bermuda Corporate Income Tax Act of 2023 (the “Bermuda CIT Act”) was enacted and signed into law. The Bermuda CIT Act includes a 15% corporate income tax applicable to Bermuda businesses that are multinational enterprises with annual revenue of €750M or more beginning in 2025. As the Company did not realize material taxable income in Bermuda in the three months ended March 31, 2025, no material changes to income tax expense related to the Bermuda CIT Act have been recorded as of March 31, 2025.
14. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss (in thousands):
| Unrealized | ||||||||||||
| Losses on | Foreign Currency | |||||||||||
| Available-for-Sale | Translation | |||||||||||
| Securities | Adjustments | Total | ||||||||||
| Balance as of January 1, 2025 | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||
| Other comprehensive income before reclassifications | ||||||||||||
| Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income | ||||||||||||
| Net current period other comprehensive income | ||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2025 | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | |||
The amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income for the period presented was recorded in other income, net, on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
15. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Cash Dividend Program
The Company has a dividend program approved by its Board of Directors, pursuant to which the Company intends to pay quarterly cash dividends on its common stock. The Board of Directors declared the following cash dividends (in thousands, except per-share amounts):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Dividend declared per share | $ | $ | ||||||
| Total amount | $ | $ | ||||||
As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, accrued cash dividends totaled $
The declaration of any future cash dividends is at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on, among other things, the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, business conditions, and other factors that the Board of Directors may deem relevant, as well as a determination that cash dividends are in the best interests of the Company’s stockholders.
The Company anticipates that cash used for future dividend payments will come from its domestic cash, cash generated from ongoing U.S. operations, and cash repatriated from certain foreign subsidiaries. The Company also anticipates that earnings from other foreign subsidiaries will continue to be indefinitely reinvested.
Cash Dividend Equivalent Rights
The Company’s RSUs contain rights to receive cash dividend equivalents, which entitle employees who hold RSUs to the same dividend value per share as holders of common stock. The dividend equivalents are accumulated and paid to the employees when the underlying RSUs vest. Dividend equivalents accumulated on the underlying RSUs are forfeited if the underlying RSUs do not vest. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, accrued dividend equivalents totaled $
Stock Repurchase Programs
In October 2023, the Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program authorizing the Company to repurchase up to $
Stock repurchased under the program may be made through open market repurchases, privately negotiated transactions or other structures in accordance with applicable state and federal securities laws, at times and in amounts as management deems appropriate. The timing and the number of any repurchased common stock will be determined by the Company’s management based on its evaluation of market conditions, legal requirements, share price, and other factors. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to purchase any particular number of shares, and may be suspended, modified, or discontinued at any time without prior notice.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that have been made pursuant to and in reliance on the provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements include, among others, statements concerning:
| • |
the above-average industry growth of product and market areas that we have targeted; |
| • |
our plans to grow revenue in a diversified way across regions and increase revenue through the introduction of new products within our existing product families as well as in new product categories, families and segments; |
| • |
our mission statement to reduce energy and material consumption to improve all aspects of quality of life and create a sustainable future; |
| • |
the effects of macroeconomic factors, global economic uncertainties, geopolitical tensions and global tariffs and retaliatory measures on the semiconductor industry and our business; |
| • |
the effect that liquidity of our investments has on our capital resources; |
| • |
the continuing application of our products in the storage and computing, enterprise data, automotive, industrial, communications and consumer end markets; |
| • |
estimates of our future liquidity requirements; |
| • |
the cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry; |
| • |
our belief that we may incur significant legal expenses that vary with the level of activity in each of our current or future legal proceedings; |
| • |
expectations regarding protection of our proprietary technology; |
| • |
the business outlook for the remainder of 2025 and beyond; |
| • |
the factors that we believe will impact our business, operations and financial condition, as well as our ability to achieve revenue growth; |
| • |
the expected percentage of our total revenue from various end markets; |
| • |
our ability to identify, acquire and integrate companies, businesses and products, and achieve the anticipated benefits from such acquisitions and integrations; |
| • |
the expected impact of various U.S. and international tax laws and regulations on our income tax provision, financial position and cash flows; |
| • |
our plan to repatriate cash from our foreign subsidiaries; |
| • |
our intention and ability to execute our stock repurchase program and pay cash dividends and dividend equivalents; and |
| • |
the factors that differentiate us from our competitors. |
These forward-looking statements generally are identified by the words “would,” “could,” “may,” “should,” “predict,” “potential,” “targets,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “seek,” “estimate,” “project,” “forecast,” “will,” and similar expressions. All forward-looking statements are based on our current outlook, expectations, estimates, projections, beliefs and plans or objectives about our business, our industry and the global economy, including our expectations regarding the potential impacts of macroeconomic factors, global economic uncertainties, including tariffs and retaliatory measures, and geopolitical tensions on the semiconductor industry and our business. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. Actual events or results could differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any such forward-looking statements. Risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially include those set forth throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K including, in particular, in the sections entitled “Risk Factors.” Except as required by law, we disclaim any duty, and undertake no obligation, to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information relating to existing conditions, future events or otherwise or to release publicly the results of any future revisions we may make to forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such statements, which speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and entail significant risks. Readers should carefully review future reports and documents that we file from time to time with the SEC, such as our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and any Current Reports on Form 8-K.
Unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to “we,” “our,” and “us” mean Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Overview
We are a fabless global company that provides high-performance, semiconductor-based power electronics solutions. Our mission is to reduce energy and material consumption to improve all aspects of quality of life and create a sustainable future. Founded in 1997 by our CEO Michael Hsing, we have three core strengths: deep system-level knowledge, strong semiconductor design expertise, and innovative proprietary technologies in the areas of semiconductor processes, system integration, and packaging. These combined advantages are designed to enable us to deliver reliable, compact, and monolithic solutions that are highly energy-efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally responsible while providing a consistent return on investment to our stockholders.
We operate in the cyclical semiconductor industry. We are subject to industry downturns, but we have targeted product and market areas that we believe allow us to operate at above average industry performance levels over the long term. Historically, our revenue has generally been higher in the second half of the year than in the first half although various factors, such as market conditions and the timing of key product introductions, could impact this trend.
We work with third parties to manufacture and assemble our ICs. This has enabled us to limit our capital expenditures and fixed costs, while focusing our engineering and design resources on our core strengths.
Following the introduction of a product, our sales cycle generally takes a number of quarters after we receive an initial customer order for a new product to ramp up. Typical supply chain lead times for orders are generally 16 to 26 weeks. These factors, combined with the fact that our customers can cancel or reschedule orders without incurring a significant penalty, make the forecasting of our orders, revenue and expenses difficult.
We derive most of our revenue from sales through distribution arrangements and direct sales to customers in Asia, where our products are incorporated into end-user products. Our revenue from sales to customers in Asia was 94% and 93% of our total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
We believe our ability to achieve revenue growth will depend, in part, on our ability to develop new products, enter new market segments, gain market share, manage litigation risk, diversify our customer base and continue to secure manufacturing capacity.
Macroeconomic Conditions and Regulations
The semiconductor industry has historically been impacted by various macroeconomic challenges including fluctuations in consumer spending, fluctuations in demand for semiconductors, rising inflation, increased interest rates, and fluctuations in currency rates. We remain cautious in light of continued challenging macroeconomic conditions and will continue to monitor the potential impact on our operations. The extent and duration of the direct and indirect impact of macroeconomic events on our business, results of operations and overall financial position remain uncertain and depend on future developments.
We closely monitor changes to export control laws, tariffs, trade regulations and other trade requirements. To date, no restrictions or requirements have had a material impact on our revenue and operations. We believe that our diverse, agile and resilient supply chain is structured in a way to minimize the impact of tariffs; however, such restrictions or requirements can be enacted quickly and unexpectedly and could impact our business in the future. To the extent tariffs or trade regulations affecting us are implemented, we will seek to take mitigating actions in the near- and medium-term, as necessary, and are committed to complying with all applicable trade laws, regulations and other requirements.
Critical Accounting Estimates
In preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP, we are required to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the amounts reported in our financial statements and the accompanying disclosures. Estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our financial statements are, by their nature, uncertain and unpredictable, and depend upon, among other things, many factors outside of our control, including demand for our products, economic conditions and other current and future events, such as macroeconomic factors, global economic uncertainties, geopolitical tensions and global tariffs and counter measures. Actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions, and any such differences may be material to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Results of Operations
The table below sets forth the data on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as a percentage of revenue:
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||||||||||
| 2025 |
2024 |
|||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
||||||||||||||||
| Revenue |
$ | 637,554 | 100.0 | % | $ | 457,885 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
| Cost of revenue |
284,324 | 44.6 | 205,444 | 44.9 | ||||||||||||
| Gross profit |
353,230 | 55.4 | 252,441 | 55.1 | ||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||||
| Research and development |
92,227 | 14.4 | 75,990 | 16.6 | ||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative |
92,244 | 14.5 | 80,964 | 17.7 | ||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses |
184,471 | 28.9 | 156,954 | 34.3 | ||||||||||||
| Operating income |
168,759 | 26.5 | 95,487 | 20.8 | ||||||||||||
| Other income, net |
5,131 | 0.8 | 9,540 | 2.1 | ||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes |
173,890 | 27.3 | 105,027 | 22.9 | ||||||||||||
| Income tax expense |
40,099 | 6.3 | 12,486 | 2.7 | ||||||||||||
| Net income |
$ | 133,791 | 21.0 | % | $ | 92,541 | 20.2 | % | ||||||||
Revenue
The following table summarizes our revenue by end market:
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||||||||||
| End Market |
2025 |
% of Revenue |
2024 |
% of Revenue |
||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
||||||||||||||||
| Storage and Computing |
$ | 188,511 | 29.6 | % | $ | 106,121 | 23.2 | % | ||||||||
| Automotive |
144,904 | 22.7 | 87,092 | 19.0 | ||||||||||||
| Enterprise Data |
132,924 | 20.8 | 149,727 | 32.7 | ||||||||||||
| Communications |
71,671 | 11.3 | 46,645 | 10.2 | ||||||||||||
| Consumer |
56,947 | 8.9 | 38,074 | 8.3 | ||||||||||||
| Industrial |
42,597 | 6.7 | 30,226 | 6.6 | ||||||||||||
| Total |
$ | 637,554 | 100.0 | % | $ | 457,885 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $637.6 million, an increase of $179.7 million, or 39.2%, from $457.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in revenue was primarily due to higher shipment volume.
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, revenue from the storage and computing market increased $82.4 million, or 77.6%, from the same period in 2024. This increase was primarily due to higher sales of storage applications and products for notebooks. Revenue from the automotive market increased $57.8 million, or 66.4%, from the same period in 2024. This increase was primarily due to higher sales of applications supporting advanced driver assistance systems, infotainment and USB connectors. Revenue from the enterprise data market decreased $16.8 million, or 11.2%, from the same period in 2024. This decrease was primarily due to lower sales of our power management solutions for AI applications, partially offset by higher sales of our cloud-based and on-premises CPU server and workstation applications. Revenue from the communications market increased $25.0 million, or 53.7%, from the same period in 2024. This increase was primarily driven by higher sales of power solutions for optical modules and routers. Revenue from the consumer market increased $18.9 million, or 49.6%, from the same period in 2024. This increase was primarily driven by higher sales in home appliances and smart TVs. Revenue from the industrial market increased $12.4 million, or 40.9%, from the same period in 2024. This increase was broad-based and primarily due to higher sales for power sources.
Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin
Cost of revenue primarily consists of costs incurred to manufacture, assemble and test our products, as well as warranty costs, inventory-related and other overhead costs, and stock-based compensation expenses.
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
| 2025 |
2024 |
|||||||
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
||||||||
| Cost of revenue |
$ | 284,324 | $ | 205,444 | ||||
| As a percentage of revenue |
44.6 | % | 44.9 | % | ||||
| Gross profit |
$ | 353,230 | $ | 252,441 | ||||
| Gross margin |
55.4 | % | 55.1 | % | ||||
Cost of revenue was $284.3 million, or 44.6% of revenue, for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and $205.4 million, or 44.9% of revenue, for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The $78.9 million increase in cost of revenue was primarily driven by higher shipment volume.
Gross margin was 55.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared with 55.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in gross margin was mainly driven by lower inventory write-downs and warranty expenses as a percentage of revenue, partially offset by product mix and higher manufacturing overhead costs as a percentage of revenue.
Research and Development
R&D expenses primarily consist of cash compensation and benefits, stock-based compensation and deferred compensation for design and product engineers, expenses related to new product development and supplies, and facility costs.
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
| 2025 |
2024 |
|||||||
| (In thousands, except percentages) |
||||||||
| R&D expenses |
$ | 92,227 | $ | 75,990 | ||||
| As a percentage of revenue |
14.4 | % | 16.6 | % | ||||
R&D expenses were $92.2 million, or 14.4% of revenue, for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and $76.0 million, or 16.6% of revenue, for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The $16.2 million increase in R&D expenses was primarily due to a $10.4 million increase in cash compensation expenses and benefits, a $4.1 million increase in new product development expenses, and a $1.5 million increase in laboratory and other supplies, partially offset by a $1.9 million benefit related to changes in the value of deferred compensation plan liabilities.
Selling, General and Administrative
SG&A expenses primarily include cash compensation and benefits, stock-based compensation and deferred compensation for sales, marketing and administrative personnel, sales and sales representative commissions, travel expenses, facilities costs, third party service fees and legal expenses.
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
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| 2025 |
2024 |
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| (In thousands, except percentages) |
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| SG&A expenses |
$ | 92,244 | $ | 80,964 | ||||
| As a percentage of revenue |
14.5 | % | 17.7 | % | ||||
SG&A expenses were $92.2 million, or 14.5% of revenue, for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and $81.0 million, or 17.7% of revenue, for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The $11.3 million increase in SG&A expenses was primarily driven by a $5.9 million increase in cash compensation and benefits, a $3.6 million increase in sales and sales representative commissions, a $2.2 million increase in stock-based compensation expenses, and a $1.0 million increase consisting of software licensing fees and advertising expenses, partially offset by a $2.9 million benefit related to changes in the value of deferred compensation plan liabilities.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net, was $5.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared with $9.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The decrease in other income, net was primarily due to an increase of $5.4 million in expense related to changes in the value of the deferred compensation plan investments and a decrease of $3.4 million in amortization of the discount on available-for-sale securities, partially offset by a decrease in charitable commitments.
Income Tax Expense
The income tax provision for interim periods is generally determined using an estimate of our annual effective tax rate and adjusted for discrete items, if any, in the relevant period. Each quarter the estimate of the annual effective tax rate is updated, and if our estimated tax rate changes, a cumulative adjustment is made.
The income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $40.1 million, or 23.1% of pre-tax income. The effective tax rate was higher than the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the U.S. impact of foreign earnings and non-deductible stock-based compensation. The higher effective tax rate relative to the federal statutory rate was partially offset by income generated by our subsidiaries in lower tax jurisdictions, foreign tax credits, and U.S. R&D credits.
The income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $12.5 million, or 11.9% of pre-tax income. The effective tax rate was lower than the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to lower statutory tax rates at certain of our foreign subsidiaries, and excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation. The lower effective tax rate relative to the federal statutory rate was partially offset by the inclusion of the GILTI tax.
In January 2025, the OECD released new Administrative Guidance on the application of the GLoBE Model Rules. We will continue to evaluate the impact of this release and of other future guidance on our future global tax provision.
In December 2023, the Bermuda CIT Act was enacted and signed into law. See Note 13 for further details.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
| March 31, |
December 31, |
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| 2025 |
2024 |
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| (In thousands, except percentages) |
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| Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 637,354 | $ | 691,816 | ||||
| Short-term investments |
389,310 | 171,130 | ||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments |
$ | 1,026,664 | $ | 862,946 | ||||
| Percentage of total assets |
27.0 | % | 23.9 | % | ||||
| Total current assets |
$ | 1,788,386 | $ | 1,565,053 | ||||
| Total current liabilities |
(363,401 | ) | (294,567 | ) | ||||
| Working capital |
$ | 1,424,985 | $ | 1,270,486 | ||||
As of March 31, 2025, we had cash and cash equivalents of $637.4 million and short-term investments of $389.3 million, compared with cash and cash equivalents of $691.8 million and short-term investments of $171.1 million as of December 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2025, $521.0 million of cash and cash equivalents and $179.1 million of short-term investments were held by our foreign subsidiaries. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, we repatriated $275 million of cash from certain of our foreign subsidiaries to the U.S. with minimal tax impact. We may repatriate additional cash from certain of our foreign subsidiaries in future periods to fund our expenditures. We anticipate that earnings from other foreign subsidiaries will continue to be indefinitely reinvested.
Summary of Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flow activities:
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
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| 2025 |
2024 |
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| (In thousands) |
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| Net cash provided by operating activities |
$ | 256,387 | $ | 248,051 | ||||
| Net cash used in investing activities |
(257,485 | ) | (266,015 | ) | ||||
| Net cash used in financing activities |
(55,916 | ) | (50,001 | ) | ||||
| Effect of change in exchange rates |
2,555 | (4,818 | ) | |||||
| Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |
$ | (54,459 | ) | $ | (72,783 | ) | ||
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the $8.3 million increase in net cash provided by operating activities compared to the same period in 2024 was primarily due to increased accounts receivable collections, partially offset by increased inventory purchases and changes in other working capital.
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the $8.5 million decrease in net cash used in investing activities compared to the same period in 2024 was primarily due to a $33.3 million acquisition made in 2024, partially offset by an increase of $24.4 million in purchases of property and equipment.
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the $5.9 million increase in net cash used in financing activities compared to the same period in 2024 was primarily due to an increase of $10.5 million in dividend and dividend equivalent payments, partially offset by repurchases of common stock made only in 2024.
Cash Requirements
Although consequences of economic uncertainties and macroeconomic conditions, including tariffs and retaliatory measures, and other factors could adversely affect our liquidity and capital resources in the future, and cash requirements may fluctuate based on the timing and extent of many factors such as those discussed above, we believe that our balances of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $1,026.7 million as of March 31, 2025, along with cash generated by ongoing operations, will be sufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements for the next 12 months and beyond.
Our material cash requirements include the following contractual and other obligations:
Purchase Obligations
Purchase obligations represent commitments to our suppliers and other parties requiring the purchases of goods or services. Our purchase obligations primarily consist of wafer and other inventory purchases, assembly and other manufacturing services, construction of manufacturing and R&D facilities, purchases of production and other equipment, and license arrangements.
In May 2022, we entered into a long-term supply agreement in order to secure manufacturing production capacity for silicon wafers over a four-year period. As of March 31, 2025, we had remaining prepayments under this agreement of $60.0 million reported in other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
As of March 31, 2025, total estimated future unconditional purchase commitments to all suppliers and other parties, net of the $60.0 million prepayment, were $546.5 million, of which $497.7 million was due within a year.
Transition Tax Liability
The transition tax liability represents the one-time, mandatory deemed repatriation tax imposed on previously deferred foreign earnings under the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted in December 2017 (the “2017 Tax Act”). As permitted by the 2017 Tax Act, we have elected to pay the tax liability in installments on an interest-free basis through 2025. As of March 31, 2025, the remaining liability totaled $6.2 million, all of which was short-term.
Operating Leases
Operating lease obligations represent the undiscounted remaining lease payments primarily for our leased facilities. As of March 31, 2025, these obligations totaled $17.8 million, of which $3.3 million was short-term.
Capital Return to Stockholders
In February 2025, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to $500.0 million of our common stock through February 2028. As of March 31, 2025, $500.0 million remained available for future repurchases under the program.
We currently have a dividend program approved by our Board of Directors, pursuant to which we intend to pay quarterly cash dividends on our common stock. Based on our historical practice, stockholders of record as of the last business day of the quarter are entitled to receive the quarterly cash dividends when and if declared by the Board of Directors, which are payable to the stockholders in the following month. As of March 31, 2025, accrued cash dividends totaled $74.7 million. The declaration of any future cash dividends is at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on, among other things, our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, business conditions and other factors that our Board of Directors may deem relevant, as well as a determination that cash dividends are in the best interests of our stockholders.
Other Long-Term Obligations
Other long-term obligations primarily include payments for deferred compensation plan liabilities and accrued dividend equivalents. As of March 31, 2025, these obligations totaled $91.3 million.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
For a discussion of market risks, refer to Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, there were no material changes or developments that would have materially altered, or were reasonably likely to materially alter, the market risk assessment performed as of December 31, 2024.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of March 31, 2025, our disclosure controls and procedures were designed at a reasonable assurance level and were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the quarter ended March 31, 2025, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that would have materially affected, or were reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures
In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any set of controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and that management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.
We are a party to actions and proceedings in the ordinary course of business, including challenges to the enforceability or validity of our intellectual property, claims that our products infringe on the intellectual property rights of others, and employment matters. We have been subject to litigation initiated by our stockholders. These proceedings often involve complex questions of fact and law and may require the expenditure of significant funds and the diversion of other resources to prosecute and defend. We defend ourselves vigorously against any such claims. As of March 31, 2025, there were no material pending legal proceedings to which we were a party.
On February 4, 2025, a purported class action lawsuit was filed against us and certain of our executives. The lawsuit is captioned Waterford Twp. Gen. Emps. Ret. Sys. v. Monolithic Power Systems, Inc., et al., No. 25-cv-220 (W.D. Wash.) (the “Securities Action”) and alleges that we violated Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, by making material misstatements or omissions relating to our business, including with respect to our business relationship with Nvidia. Related to the Securities Action, two shareholder derivative suits were also filed, against current – and one former – director, and certain executives, alleging breaches of their fiduciary duties (Miller v. Hsing, et al., No. 25-cv-527 (W.D. Wash.), filed on March 26, 2025, and Roy v. Hsing, et al. No. 25-cv-555 (W.D. Wash.), filed on March 28, 2025, (the “Derivative Litigation”). The Securities Action and Derivative Litigation seek unspecified amounts of damages and/or attorneys’ fees and other relief. We believe the lawsuits are meritless and intend to defend against them vigorously.
Our business, reputation, results of operations, financial condition and stock price can be affected by a number of factors, whether currently known or unknown, including those described in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 under the heading “Risk Factors.” When any one or more of these risks materialize from time to time, our business, reputation, results of operations, financial condition and stock price can be materially and adversely affected. There have been no material changes to our risk factors since the filing of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
In February 2025, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to $500.0 million of our common stock through February 2028. Shares are retired upon repurchase. No repurchases were made during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Stock repurchases under the program may be made through open market repurchases, privately negotiated transactions or other structures in accordance with applicable state and federal securities laws, at times and in amounts as management deems appropriate. The timing and the number of shares of any repurchased common stock will be determined by our management based on the evaluation of market conditions, legal requirements, stock price, and other factors. The repurchase program does not obligate us to purchase any particular number of shares and may be suspended, modified, or discontinued at any time without prior notice.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Certain of our executive officers and directors have entered into trading plans pursuant to Rule 10b5-1(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. A trading plan is a written document that pre-establishes the amounts, prices and dates (or formula for determining the amounts, prices and dates) of future purchases or sales of our common stock, including the sale of shares acquired pursuant to the Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. 2004 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, amended and restated, and upon vesting of RSUs.
The following table summarizes the adoption of trading plans intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) during the three months ended March 31, 2025:
| Name and Title | Adoption Date | Plan Duration | Intended Sale Amount (in shares) | |||
| , |
|
| to | |||
| , |
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| to |
The following table summarizes the termination of trading plans intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) during the three months ended March 31, 2025:
| Name and Title | Termination Date | Plan Duration | Intended Sale Amount (in shares) | Sold Amount (in shares) | ||||
| , |
|
| to | 20,800 |
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, trading plans intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) were modified, and other written trading arrangements that are not intended to qualify for the Rule 10b5-1(c) affirmative defense were adopted, modified, or terminated.
| Exhibit No. |
Description |
| 3.1 (1) | Amended and Restated Bylaws of Monolithic Power Systems, Inc., effective March 26, 2025. |
| 31.1 |
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| 31.2 |
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| 32.1* |
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| 101.INS |
Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document |
| 101.SCH |
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |
| 101.CAL |
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |
| 101.DEF |
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |
| 101.LAB |
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |
| 101.PRE |
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
| 104 |
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) |
| (1) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant’s current report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-51026), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 26, 2025. |
| * |
This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any filings. |
MONOLITHIC POWER SYSTEMS, INC
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
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MONOLITHIC POWER SYSTEMS, INC. |
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| Dated: May 5, 2025 |
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By: |
/s/ T. Bernie Blegen |
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T. Bernie Blegen |
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Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
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(Duly Authorized Officer and Principal |
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Financial and Accounting Officer) |
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