SEC Form 11-K filed by Greene County Bancorp Inc.

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 11-K

FOR ANNUAL REPORTS OF EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE, SAVINGS

AND SIMILAR PLANS PURSUANT TO SECTION 15(D) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year end December 31, 2024

OR

For the transition period from___________to____________

Commission File Number 000-25165

The Bank of Greene County Employees’ Savings and Profit Sharing Plan and Trust

Greene County Bancorp, Inc.

302 Main Street

Catskill, New York 12414-1317

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THE BANK OF GREENE COUNTY EMPLOYEES'

SAVINGS & PROFIT SHARING PLAN AND TRUST

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023

* Note:  All other schedules are omitted as they are not applicable or are not required based on disclosure requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and the applicable regulations issued by the Department of Labor.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

To the Audit Committee of

 The Bank of Greene County Employees’

 Savings & Profit Sharing Plan and Trust:

 

Opinion on the Financial Statements

 

We have audited the accompanying statements of net assets available for benefits of The Bank of Greene County Employees’ Savings & Profit Sharing Plan and Trust (the Plan) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related statements of changes in net assets available for benefits for the years then ended, and the related notes and schedule (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the net assets available for benefits of The Bank of Greene County Employees’ Savings & Profit Sharing Plan and Trust as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the changes in net assets available for benefits for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

Basis for Opinion

 

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Plan’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Plan’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Plan in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Plan is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Plan’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

 

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

(Continued)

 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

(Continued)

 

Supplemental Information

 

The supplemental information contained in Schedule H, Part IV, Line 4(i) – Schedule of Assets (Held at End of Year) as of December 31, 2024, has been subjected to audit procedures performed in conjunction with the audit of the Plan's financial statements. The supplemental information is the responsibility of the Plan's management. Our audit procedures included determining whether the supplemental information reconciles to the financial statements or the underlying accounting and other records, as applicable, and performing procedures to test the completeness and accuracy of the information presented in the supplemental information. In forming our opinion on the supplemental information, we evaluated whether the supplemental information, including its form and content, is presented in conformity with the Department of Labor's Rules and Regulations for Reporting and Disclosure under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. In our opinion, the supplemental information is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the financial statements as a whole.

 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2011.

/s/ Bonadio & Co. LLP

Syracuse, New York

June 26, 2025

THE BANK OF GREENE COUNTY

EMPLOYEES’ SAVINGS & PROFIT SHARING PLAN AND TRUST

STATEMENTS OF NET ASSETS AVAILABLE FOR PLAN BENEFITS

AS OF

 DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

THE BANK OF GREENE COUNTY

EMPLOYEES’ SAVINGS & PROFIT SHARING PLAN AND TRUST

STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS AVAILABLE FOR PLAN BENEFITS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED

DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

The Bank of Greene County Employees’ Savings & Profit Sharing Plan and Trust

Notes to Financial Statements

As of and for the Years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

NOTE A – DESCRIPTION OF PLAN

 

The following brief description of The Bank of Greene County Employees' Savings & Profit Sharing Plan and Trust (the Plan) provides only general information. Participants should refer to the Plan agreement for a more complete description of the Plan’s provisions.

The Plan is a defined contribution plan covering eligible employees of The Bank of Greene County (the Company or the Sponsor).  Employees who complete three months of service and perform a minimum of 250 hours of service are eligible to participate in the Plan. The Plan is subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), as amended.

Each year participants may contribute up to 50% of pre-tax and post-tax annual compensation, as defined in the Plan, up to the maximum allowable under the Internal Revenue Code (IRC). The post-tax contributions are deferrals to Roth accounts. Participants who are age 50 or older may elect to defer additional amounts called “catch-up” contributions.  Rollover and transfer contributions from another qualified retirement plan or special individual retirement plan are permitted.

Participants direct the investment of their contributions into various investment options offered by the Plan.

The Plan includes an automatic enrollment feature known as a qualified automatic contribution arrangement ("QACA"). Under the QACA provisions of the Plan, if a participant does not complete and return a salary deferral agreement, then the Company will automatically withhold a portion of the participant's eligible compensation from each payroll period and contribute that amount to the Plan as a Regular 401(k) deferral.

The percentage of compensation is set forth in the table below and is based on the Plan Year in which automatic deferrals first apply to the participant:

	Plan Year		Automatic Deferral Percentage
	Year 1		3%
	Year 2		4%
	Year 3		5%
	Year 4 and thereafter		6%

Matching contributions made by the Sponsor to the Plan are calculated as 100% of each participant’s contributions up to 3% of compensation plus 50% of the next 3% of compensation for a total matching contribution of up to 4.5% of compensation as defined by the Plan.  Contributions are subject to certain limitations.

Participants direct the investment of their contributions into various options offered by the Plan.  Each participant’s account is credited with the participant’s contribution and allocations of (a) the Company’s matching contributions, and (b) Plan earnings (losses), and is charged with an allocation of administrative expenses.  Allocations are based on participant earnings or account balances as defined. The benefit to which a participant is entitled is the benefit that can be provided from the participant’s vested account. Participants may direct the investment of their account balances into various investment options offered by the Plan. Currently, the Plan offers mutual funds, money market funds, self-directed brokerage accounts, common collective trust fund and the Sponsor’s stock as investment options for participants. Participants may change their investment options to prospectively increase or decrease the amount of their elective deferrals at such times established by the Plan administrator in a uniform and nondiscriminatory manner.

Participants are immediately vested in their contributions plus actual earnings (losses) thereon. Vesting in the Company’s contribution portion of their accounts is based on continuous service. Safe harbor matching contributions made to the Plan are 100% vested upon the completion of two years of employment. Non-safe harbor matching contributions are 100% vested upon the completion of six years of continuous employment.

Benefit payments to participants are recorded upon distribution. Upon termination of service, disability, death or retirement, participants will receive an amount equal to the value of their accounts in a single lump-sum payment, or in partial payments or systematic installment payments.

The Plan permits the payment of Plan expenses to be made from the Plan’s assets. These expenses are allocated proportionately based on the value of the account balances of each participant in the Plan.  Loan fees are paid by the borrower. Administrative expenses may also be made from forfeitures by non-vested participants and by the Sponsor. The payment of expenses by the Sponsor is not mandated by the Plan and is done so at the discretion of the Sponsor.

Participants may borrow from their accounts a minimum of $1,000 up to a maximum equal to the lesser of $50,000 or 50 percent of their vested account balance. Note terms range from 1-5 years; longer terms are available if used for the purchase of a primary residence. The notes are collateralized by the balance in the participant’s account and bear interest at prime rate plus 1% as of the loan origination date. Processing fees for new notes and annual maintenance fees on outstanding notes are charged to the participant’s account. The interest rate was between 4.25% and 9.50% on loans outstanding for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Principal and interest are paid ratably through biweekly payroll deductions.

Forfeitures by non-vested participants are generally used to reduce administrative fees or reduce employer matching contributions. Forfeited balances at December 31, 2024 were $6,489 and at December 31, 2023 were $2,002.  Further, forfeitures used to reduce employer matching contributions were $28,000 during 2024 and were $10,000 during 2023.

NOTE B – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

The financial statements of the Plan are prepared using the accrual basis of accounting in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”).

The preparation of the Plan’s financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the plan administrator to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and changes therein, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences may be significant.

 

The Plan invests in various investment securities.  Investment securities are exposed to various risks such as interest rate, market and credit risk.  Due to the level of risk associated with certain investment securities, it is at least reasonably possible that changes in the values of investment securities will occur in the near term and that such changes could materially affect participant account balances and the amounts reported in the Statements of Net Assets Available for Plan Benefits.

The Plan’s investments are reported at fair value.  Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  See Note E for discussion of fair value measurements.

Purchases and sales of securities are recorded on a trade-date basis.  Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis.  Dividends are recorded on the ex-dividend date.  Net appreciation includes the Plan’s gains and losses on investments bought and sold as well as held during the year.

Net investment returns reflect certain fees paid by the various investment funds to their affiliated investment advisors, transfer agents, and others as further described in each fund prospectus or other published documents.  These fees are deducted prior to allocation of the Plan’s investment earnings activity and thus not separately identifiable as an expense.

Notes receivable from participants are measured at their unpaid principal balance plus any accrued but unpaid interest.  Delinquent notes are reclassified as distributions based on the terms of the plan document.

NOTE C – PLAN TERMINATION

 

Although it has not expressed any intention to do so, the Company has the right under the Plan to discontinue contributions or terminate the Plan at any time subject to the provisions of ERISA. Upon termination of the Plan, all amounts credited to the accounts of the participants shall vest and become non-forfeitable and the employer shall direct the trustee to make or commence distribution to, or on behalf of, each participant the value of his or her account balance in the Plan.

NOTE D – PARTY-IN-INTEREST TRANSACTIONS

 

Plan investments are managed by the trustee of the Plan, Empower Trust Company. Transactions in such investments qualify as party-in-interest transactions, which are exempt from prohibited transaction rules. Notes receivable from participants totaling $227,278 and $306,187 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, qualify as party-in-interest transactions and are secured by balances in the respective participant accounts.

In 2024 and 2023, the Plan provided participants the election of an investment in Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s common stock through a unitized company stock fund. As of December 31, 2024, the Plan held 15,302 units of Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s common stock fund at a per-unit price of $363.67. As of December 31, 2023, the Plan held 17,176 units of Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s common stock fund at a per-unit price of $361.64. Assets held in this fund are expressed in terms of units and not shares of stock.  Each unit represents a proportionate interest in all of the assets of this fund.

The value of Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s common stock held within each participant’s account is determined each business day by the number of units to the participant’s credit, multiplied by the current unit value.  The return on the participant’s investment is based on the value of units, which, in turn, is determined by the market price of the Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s common stock and by the interest earned on a percentage of the fund’s market value held in a money market fund.  As of December 31, 2024, the unitized company stock fund consisted of Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s common stock at a market value of $5,253,577 and a money market fund at a market value of $311,272. As of December 31, 2023, the unitized company stock fund consisted of Greene County Bancorp, Inc.’s common stock at a market value of $5,882,774 and a money market fund at a market value of $328,899. A percentage of the total market value of the unitized company stock fund is held in a money market fund to facilitate daily participant trading. As of December 31, 2024, the Plan held 189,523 shares of Greene County Bancorp, Inc. common stock in the unitized common stock fund with a market value of $5,253,577 at a price per share of $27.72. As of December 31, 2023, the Plan held 208,609 shares of Greene County Bancorp, Inc. common stock in the unitized common stock fund with a market value of $5,882,774 at a price per share of $28.20.

On March 23, 2023, Greene County Bancorp, Inc. effected a 2-for-1 stock split in the form of a stock dividend on its outstanding shares of common stock. All share and per share data have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the stock split.

NOTE E – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

 

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, provides the framework for measuring fair value.  That framework provides a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value.  The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).  The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under FASB ASC 820 are described as follows:

 

Level 1:

Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

 

 

An asset or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

 

The following is a description of the valuation methodology used for investments measured at fair value.  There have been no changes in the methodologies used during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.

 

Level 1 Fair Value Measurements

 

The fair value of mutual funds, employer stock and self-directed brokerage accounts is valued based on quoted market prices.  Money market funds are valued based on quoted net asset values of the shares held by the Plan at year end.

 

Net Asset Value (NAV) as Fair Value

 

Common collective trust funds are comprised of units in such collective trust funds that are not publicly traded. The underlying assets in these funds (common stock, preferred stock, collective investment funds, U.S. government and agency obligations, debt instruments, insurance investment contracts, global wrap synthetic investment contracts, securities lending funds, repurchase agreements, futures contracts, and foreign currency contracts) are valued where applicable on exchanges and price quotes for the assets held by these funds are readily available. When current market prices or quotations are not available, valuations are determined using valuation models adopted by the Trustee or other inputs principally from or corroborated by observable market data. Common collective trust funds are valued at their net asset value (NAV) on the last day of the calendar year of the period; as a result, these investments are not classified within the fair value hierarchy.

Investments in common/collective trust funds are valued at the net value of participation units held by the Plan at year-end. The value of these units is determined by the trustee based on the current market values of the underlying assets of the common/collective trust fund as based on information reported by the investment advisor using the audited financial statements of the common/collective trust fund at year end.  The Plan held collective trust funds at December 31, 2024 and 2023 as described below.

The objective of the Reliance Trust Company Stable Value Collective Investment Trust, Series 25053, common/collective trust fund is to provide safety and preservation of principal and accumulated interest for participant-initiated transactions. The interest credited to balances in this fund will reflect both current market conditions and performance of the underlying investments in this fund. This fund invests in MetLife Group Annuity Contracts which consists of separately managed investment portfolios directed by Reliance Trust Company.  This fund is a bank collective trust fund for which Reliance Trust Company serves as the trustee and investment manager. This fund is not FDIC-insured or registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission. There are no unfunded commitments and no withdrawal restrictions.

The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values.  Furthermore, while the Plan’s management believes the valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain investments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.

 

 

We evaluate the significance of transfers between levels based on the nature of the financial instrument and size of the transfer relative to total net assets available for benefits.  During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no transfers between levels.

 

The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the Plan’s investments at fair value:

^a In accordance with Subtopic 820-10, certain investments that were measured at net asset value per share (or its equivalent) have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.  The fair value amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the line items presented in the statements of net assets available for plan benefits.

NOTE F – TAX STATUS

 

The Plan has adopted a pre-approved plan document and has received an opinion letter from the IRS dated June 30, 2020, stating the form of the pre-approved plan document was in compliance with the applicable requirements of the IRC. Although the Plan has been amended since adopting the pre-approved plan document, the Plan administrator believes that the Plan is designed and is currently being operated in compliance with the applicable requirements of the IRC and, therefore, believes that the Plan is qualified, and the related trust is tax exempt.

 

EIN: 14-0553610, Plan No. 002

The Bank of Greene County Employees’ Savings & Profit Sharing Plan and Trust

Attachment to Form 5500, Schedule H, Part IV, LINE 4i –

Schedule of Assets (Held at End of Year)

December 31, 2024

*Party-In-Interest

**Historical cost has not been presented since this investment is participant-directed.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this schedule.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange act of 1934, Greene County Bancorp, Inc. have duly caused this annual report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.