UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 11-K
FOR ANNUAL REPORTS OF EMPLOYEE STOCK
PURCHASE SAVINGS AND SIMILAR PLANS
PURSUANT TO SECTION 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
| ☒ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024 | ||||
OR | |||||
| ☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | ||||
Commission file number 1-6523 _________________________________ | |||||
| A. | Full title of the plan and the address of the plan, if different from that of the issuer named below: | ||||
| The Bank of America 401(k) Plan | |||||
| B. | Name of issuer of the securities held pursuant to the plan and the address of its principal executive office: | ||||
Bank of America Corporation Bank of America Corporate Center Charlotte, NC 28255 | |||||
Financial Statements and Report of
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Bank of America 401(k) Plan
December 31, 2024 and 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page | |||||
| 1-2 | |||||
| Financial Statements: | |||||
| 3 | |||||
| 4 | |||||
| 5-12 | |||||
| Supplemental Schedule: | |||||
| 13 | |||||
| 14 | |||||
| 15 | |||||
| 16 | |||||
All other schedules required by Section 2520.103-10 of the U.S. Department of Labor’s Rules and Regulations for Reporting and Disclosure under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 have been omitted because they are not applicable.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Plan Administrator and Plan Participants of
The Bank of America 401(k) Plan
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying statements of net assets available for benefits of The Bank of America 401(k) Plan (the Plan) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related statement of changes in net assets available for benefits for the year ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the net assets available for benefits of the Plan as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the changes in net assets available for benefits for the year ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of Plan’s management (Management). Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Plan in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Plan is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Plan’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by Management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Supplemental Schedule
The supplemental information in the accompanying Schedule of Assets (Held at End of Year) as of December 31, 2024 has been subjected to audit procedures performed in conjunction with the audit of the Plan’s financial statements. The supplemental schedule is the responsibility of Management. Our audit procedures included determining whether the supplemental schedule reconciles to the financial statements or the underlying accounting and other records, as applicable, and performing procedures to test the completeness and accuracy of the information presented in the supplemental schedule. In forming our opinion on the supplemental schedule, we evaluated whether the supplemental schedule, including its form and content, is presented in conformity with the Department of Labor’s Rules and Regulations for Reporting and Disclosure under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. In our opinion, the supplemental schedule is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the financial statements taken as a whole.
/s/ McConnell & Jones LLP
Houston, Texas
June 18, 2025
We have served as the Plan’s auditor since 2023
2
| The Bank of America 401(k) Plan | ||||||||||||||
| Statements of Net Assets Available for Benefits | ||||||||||||||
December 31, 2024 and 2023 | ||||||||||||||
2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||||
| Investments, at fair value (Notes 2 and 5) | $ | 56,541,537,624 | $ | 48,348,803,361 | ||||||||||
| Plan interest in the Stable Value Master Trust, at contract value (Note 4) | 5,351,285,903 | 5,602,170,743 | ||||||||||||
| Total investments | 61,892,823,527 | 53,950,974,104 | ||||||||||||
| Accrued dividends and interest receivable | 2,057,410 | 1,641,801 | ||||||||||||
| Employer contribution receivable | 523,232,681 | 508,901,911 | ||||||||||||
| Participant contribution receivable | 30,470,010 | 29,371,266 | ||||||||||||
| Participant notes receivable (Notes 1 and 2) | 799,026,516 | 723,411,696 | ||||||||||||
| Other receivable | 6,221,819 | 5,863,650 | ||||||||||||
| Total assets | 63,253,831,963 | 55,220,164,428 | ||||||||||||
| Liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Due to broker for securities purchased | 11,092 | — | ||||||||||||
| Other payables | 883,763 | 1,287,567 | ||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | 894,855 | 1,287,567 | ||||||||||||
| Net assets available for benefits | $ | 63,252,937,108 | $ | 55,218,876,861 | ||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
3
| The Bank of America 401(k) Plan | ||||||||
| Statement of Changes in Net Assets Available for Benefits | ||||||||
Year Ended December 31, 2024 | ||||||||
| Additions to net assets available for benefits attributed to: | ||||||||
| Investment income | ||||||||
| Net appreciation in fair value of investments | $ | 8,738,197,623 | ||||||
| Interest and dividends | 307,419,445 | |||||||
| Other income | 4,419,517 | |||||||
Total non-Master Trust investment income | 9,050,036,585 | |||||||
| Plan interest in the Stable Value Master Trust investment income | 146,516,743 | |||||||
| Net investment income | 9,196,553,328 | |||||||
| Contributions (Note 1) | ||||||||
| Participant | 1,643,940,675 | |||||||
| Employer | 1,287,193,919 | |||||||
| Rollover | 121,757,347 | |||||||
| Total contributions | 3,052,891,941 | |||||||
| Interest income on participant notes receivable | 56,723,157 | |||||||
| Total additions | 12,306,168,426 | |||||||
| Deductions to net assets available for benefits attributed to: | ||||||||
| Benefits paid to Plan participants | 4,272,108,179 | |||||||
| Total deductions | 4,272,108,179 | |||||||
| Net increase | 8,034,060,247 | |||||||
| Net assets available for benefits | ||||||||
| Beginning of year | 55,218,876,861 | |||||||
| End of year | $ | 63,252,937,108 | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
4
| The Bank of America 401(k) Plan | ||
| Notes to Financial Statements | ||
December 31, 2024 and 2023 | ||
1. Description of the Plan
The following description of The Bank of America 401(k) Plan (the Plan) is provided for general information purposes only. Participants should refer to the Plan’s Summary Plan Description and any supplements thereto for a more complete description of applicable Plan provisions. Other Plan provisions may also apply to participants from predecessor plans assumed by Bank of America Corporation (the Corporation) and merged into the Plan.
Plan Sponsor and Participating Employers
The Corporation is the Plan Sponsor. Participating employers in the Plan include the Corporation and certain of the Corporation’s principal subsidiaries.
Plan Administrator
The Plan is administered by the Bank of America Corporation Corporate Benefits Committee (the Committee). The Compensation and Human Capital Committee of the Board of Directors of the Corporation delegated to the Global Human Resources Executive of the Corporation the authority to select members of the Committee. Members of the Committee serve without compensation and act by majority vote. The Committee has overall responsibility for the operation and administration of the Plan including the power to construe and interpret the Plan, decide all questions that arise thereunder and to delegate responsibilities.
Plan Trustee
Bank of America, N.A. (BANA) is the Plan Trustee.
General
The Plan is a defined contribution retirement plan providing retirement benefits for the employees of the Corporation and participating subsidiaries. It is subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA). Full-time, part-time and temporary employees paid by US payroll are eligible to participate in the Plan after hire. However, any employee hired on or after April 1, 2021, and classified as an “intern” under the personnel policy of a participating employer, must perform at least 1,000 Hours of Service in a 12-month period or 500 Hours of Service during two consecutive 12-month eligibility computation periods, to participate in the Plan.
The Plan has an automatic enrollment feature for newly-hired employees with a default elective deferral rate of 3% of covered compensation, subject to a 45-day opt-out election, with automatic annual increases of 1% up to a ceiling of 5%.
Participant Contributions
All employees covered by the Plan are eligible to make pre-tax and Roth (after-tax) contributions as soon as administratively practical after employment commences. Each participant may elect to make pre-tax and Roth (after-tax) contributions to the Plan through payroll deductions up to 75% of such participant’s Plan-eligible compensation (as defined in the Plan document) for each pay period.
In accordance with federal law, 2024 annual pre-tax and/or Roth (after tax) contributions were limited to $23,000 for participants. Additional 2024 contributions of $7,500 were permitted for participants age 50 and older.
Employer Contributions
All active participants in the Plan are eligible to receive company matching contributions and an annual company contribution after completing 12 months of service. Any pre-tax and/or Roth (after-tax) contributions made prior to completing 12 months of service are not eligible for the company matching contribution. The company matching contribution is calculated and allocated to the participant’s account on a pay period basis beginning the first of the month after the participant earns 12 months of vesting service and equals up to 5% of Plan-eligible compensation (subject to the Plan’s applicable match-eligible compensation limit) contributed by the participant for the pay period. The company matching contribution is made in cash and directed to the same investment choices as the pre-tax and/or Roth (after-tax) contributions. An end of year “true-up” matching contribution is also provided.
5
| The Bank of America 401(k) Plan | ||
| Notes to Financial Statements | ||
December 31, 2024 and 2023 | ||
The Corporation also provides an annual company contribution equal to 2% (3% if the participant has at least 10 years of vesting service) of the participant’s Plan-eligible compensation, subject to the Plan’s applicable compensation limit, that is paid after the participant earns 12 months of vesting service.
Employer contributions are made in the form of cash. After consideration of forfeitures, the actual cash remitted by the Corporation was $1,287,193,919 for 2024.
Payment of Benefits
While still in service, participants may generally withdraw employee and employer vested contributions as follows:
(1) Employee contributions may be withdrawn in the case of financial hardship within the meaning of Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC), disability or after age 59½;
(2) Company matching contributions for 2005 and later Plan years may be withdrawn in the case of disability or after age 59½;
(3) Company matching contributions for pre-2005 Plan years may be withdrawn in the case of financial hardship (as referenced above), disability, after 5 years of Plan participation, or after age 59½; and
(4) As of July 11, 2024, generally a distribution of up to $1,000 may be made from a participant’s vested account for an unforeseeable or immediate financial need relating to necessary personal or family emergency expenses.
Following a participant’s death, disability, retirement or other separation from service, all vested amounts held in the Plan for a participant’s benefit are payable in a single lump sum. The form of payment is cash, except to the extent that the participant elects to have the portion of his/her account invested in the Bank of America Corporation Common Stock Fund distributed in shares of Bank of America Corporation common stock. A participant or a beneficiary may receive distributions under one of several options. The options are as follows: a lump-sum distribution of cash and/or shares of Bank of America Corporation common stock, transfer to an individual retirement account or other brokerage account, or, in the event of a disability or for a participant who meets the Rule of 60, or an eligible beneficiary, a withdrawal in the form of a single lump sum or in quarterly or annual installments for up to 15 years. The Plan provides other payment methods for certain participants in predecessor plans merged with the Plan.
Vesting of Benefits
Each participant is 100% vested in the participant’s pre-tax, Roth (after-tax) and rollover contributions to the Plan and company matching as well as earnings thereon.
The annual company contribution, including earnings thereon, is fully vested after completion of 36 months of vesting service (with accelerated vesting upon the attainment of normal retirement age or in the event of retirement, qualifying severance, divestiture or death) and is forfeited if a participant terminates employment prior to completing such vesting service requirement.
Participant Accounts
Each participant’s account is credited with the allocation of the participant’s pre-tax, Roth (after-tax) rollover, company matching and annual company contributions (and in earlier years, a welcome contribution). Earnings for all funds are allocated to a participant’s account on a daily basis based on the participant’s account balance in relation to the total fund balance. Participants may elect to have the dividends earned on the Corporation’s stock allocated to their accounts paid directly to them in cash or reinvested in the Plan. Interest on participant notes receivable is credited to the accounts of the participant.
6
| The Bank of America 401(k) Plan | ||
| Notes to Financial Statements | ||
December 31, 2024 and 2023 | ||
Participant Notes Receivable
Generally, active participants in the Plan are eligible for loans from the Plan. A maximum of two outstanding loans is permitted at any time. Interest rates on loans are generally calculated based on the prime rate as published by Reuters on the last business day of the month prior to the month the loan was obtained. Interest rates on the loans are fixed. General purpose loans have a term of 1 to 5 years and principal residence loans have a term of 1 to 15 years. The maximum loan amount that may be obtained is the lesser of (a) 50% of the participant’s vested account balance reduced by any outstanding loan balance or (b) $50,000 reduced by the highest outstanding balance of loans under the Plan and under any tax-qualified plans maintained by affiliates during the 12-month period ending on the day before the loan was made.
Each loan bears an interest rate equal to the prime rate plus 1% and is fixed for the life of the loan. Interest rates ranged from 3.25% to 10.50 % for loans to participants as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. No allowance for credit losses has been recorded as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Investment Alternatives
The Plan provides participants with a total of 31 investment alternatives as of December 31, 2024. Investment alternatives include 4 mutual funds, 25 collective investment funds (including 10 LifePath Index funds), a Stable Value Fund and the Bank of America Corporation Common Stock Fund (invests primarily in the Corporation’s common stock).
Participants may elect to modify existing investment allocations on a periodic basis subject to the provisions of the Plan.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Significant accounting policies of the Plan are summarized below:
Basis of Accounting
The financial statements are prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Revenues are recognized as earned. Benefits paid to Plan participants are recorded when paid. Expenses are recorded as incurred.
Management Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of Plan assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of Plan additions and deductions during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Investment Valuation and Income Recognition
Investments are reported at fair value. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (see Note 5: Fair Value Measurements).
Benefit responsive investment contracts held in the Stable Value Master Trust (Master Trust) are stated at contract value (which represents contributions made under the contract, plus interest less withdrawals and administration expenses) on the Statements of Net Assets Available for Benefits (see Note 4: Interest in the Stable Value Master Trust). Contract value is the relevant measurement attribute for the portion of the net assets available for benefits of a defined contribution plan attributable to fully benefit-responsive investment contracts because contract value is the amount participants would receive if they were to initiate permitted transactions under the terms of the Plan.
Realized gains (losses) on investment transactions are recorded as the difference between proceeds received and cost. Cost is determined on the average cost basis. Net appreciation (depreciation) includes gains and losses on investments bought and sold as well as held during the year. Investment securities purchased and sold are recorded on a trade date basis. Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis. Dividends are recorded on the ex-dividend date.
7
| The Bank of America 401(k) Plan | ||
| Notes to Financial Statements | ||
December 31, 2024 and 2023 | ||
Participant Notes Receivable
Participant notes receivable are measured at their unpaid principal balance plus any accrued but unpaid interest. Delinquent participant notes receivable are reclassified as distributions based upon the terms of the Plan document.
Plan Expenses
Plan expenses are paid by the Corporation. Certain expenses are borne by participants based on their investment selections.
3. Risks and Uncertainties
The Plan invests in various investment securities. Investment securities are exposed to various risks such as interest rate, market and credit risks. Due to the level of risk associated with certain investment securities, it is at least reasonably possible that changes in the values of investment securities will occur in the near term and that such changes could materially affect participants’ account balances and the amounts reported in the statements of net assets available for benefits.
4. Interest in the Stable Value Master Trust
A portion of the Plan’s investments is in the Master Trust. The Master Trust provides a single collective investment vehicle for the Stable Value Fund investment option of the Plan and The Bank of America Transferred Savings Account Plan (collectively known as Participating Plans).
The assets of the Master Trust are held by BANA, as Trustee. Each Participating Plan owns an undivided interest in the Master Trust. The portfolio is managed by an unaffiliated investment advisor, Insight North America LLC (Insight). Insight is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation.
The terms of the underlying investment contracts in the Master Trust are benefit responsive, providing a guarantee by the issuer to pay principal plus accrued interest in response to benefit-related requests for payment.
The value of the Plan’s interest in the Master Trust is based on the beginning value of the Plan’s interest in the Master Trust plus actual contributions and allocated investment income less actual distributions and allocated administrative expenses.
The Plan’s percentage interest in the Master Trust was 97.19% and 96.97% as of December 31, 2024 and 2023,
respectively. The following tables present the Master Trust net assets and the Plan interest in the Master Trust net assets at contract value as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:
Net Assets as of December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||
| Master Trust | Plan Interest in Master Trust | ||||||||||
| Short-term investment fund | $ | 79,503,123 | $ | 77,265,485 | |||||||
| Investment contracts: | |||||||||||
| Fixed maturity synthetic guaranteed investment contracts | 482,446,942 | 468,868,334 | |||||||||
| Constant duration synthetic guaranteed investment contracts | 4,148,004,782 | 4,031,257,991 | |||||||||
| Insurance company separate account guaranteed investment contracts | 796,649,848 | 774,227,908 | |||||||||
| 5,506,604,695 | 5,351,619,718 | ||||||||||
| Accrued expenses | (343,482) | (333,815) | |||||||||
| Net assets | $ | 5,506,261,213 | $ | 5,351,285,903 | |||||||
8
| The Bank of America 401(k) Plan | ||
| Notes to Financial Statements | ||
December 31, 2024 and 2023 | ||
Net Assets as of December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||
| Master Trust | Plan Interest in Master Trust | ||||||||||
| Short-term investment fund | $ | 92,761,514 | $ | 89,954,784 | |||||||
| Investment contracts: | |||||||||||
| Fixed maturity synthetic guaranteed investment contracts | 504,134,188 | 488,880,354 | |||||||||
| Constant duration synthetic guaranteed investment contracts | 4,352,184,787 | 4,220,498,611 | |||||||||
| Insurance company separate account guaranteed investment contracts | 828,225,224 | 803,165,210 | |||||||||
| 5,777,305,713 | 5,602,498,959 | ||||||||||
| Accrued expenses | (338,457) | (328,216) | |||||||||
| Net assets | $ | 5,776,967,256 | $ | 5,602,170,743 | |||||||
The following table presents changes in net assets for the Master Trust for the year ended December 31, 2024
| Interest | $ | 152,336,938 | ||||||
| Net transfers | (421,603,755) | |||||||
| Investment management and other expenses | (1,439,226) | |||||||
Decrease in net assets | (270,706,043) | |||||||
| Net assets: | ||||||||
| Beginning of year | 5,776,967,256 | |||||||
| End of year | $ | 5,506,261,213 | ||||||
| Plan interest in the Stable Value Master Trust investment income | $ | 146,516,743 | ||||||
The Master Trust generally consists of short-term investment funds and guaranteed investment contracts (GICs). The corresponding valuation methodologies are as follows:
Short-Term Investment Funds
Short-term investment funds are valued at the net asset value of shares held by the Master Trust.
Fixed Maturity Synthetic Guaranteed Investment Contracts
Fixed maturity synthetic GICs consist of an asset or collection of assets that are owned by the Participating Plans and a benefit responsive, book value wrap contract purchased for the portfolio. The wrap contract provides book value accounting for the assets and assures that benefit responsive payments will be made at book value for participant directed withdrawals. Generally, fixed maturity synthetic GICs are held to maturity. The initial crediting rate is established based on the market interest rates at the time the initial asset is purchased.
Constant Duration Synthetic Guaranteed Investment Contracts
Constant duration synthetic GICs consist of a portfolio of securities owned by the Participating Plans and a benefit responsive, book value wrap contract purchased for the portfolio. The wrap contract amortizes gains and losses of the underlying securities over the portfolio duration and assures that benefit responsive payments will be made at book value for participant directed withdrawals. The initial crediting rate is established based on the market interest rates at the time the underlying portfolio is funded.
Insurance Company Separate Account Guaranteed Investment Contracts
Insurance company separate account GICs are investments in a segregated account of assets maintained by an insurance company for the benefit of the investors. The total return of the segregated account assets supports the separate account GIC’s return. The crediting rate on this product will reset periodically and it will have an interest rate of not less than 0%.
9
| The Bank of America 401(k) Plan | ||
| Notes to Financial Statements | ||
December 31, 2024 and 2023 | ||
It is probable that withdrawals and transfers resulting from the following events will limit the ability of the Master Trust to transact at book or contract value. Instead, market value will likely be used in determining the payouts to the participants:
•Employer-initiated events – events within the control of the plan or the plan sponsor which would have a material and adverse impact on the Stable Value Fund;
•Employer communications designed to induce participants to transfer from the Stable Value Fund;
•Competing fund transfer or violation of equity wash or equivalent rules in place; and
•Changes of qualification status of the plan.
In general, issuers may terminate the contract and settle at other than contract value if the qualification status of employer or plan changes, if there is a breach of material obligations under the contract and misrepresentation by the contract holder, or failure of the underlying portfolio to conform to the pre-established investment guidelines. Issuers may also make payments at a value other than book when withdrawals are caused by certain employer-initiated events.
All contracts are benefit responsive unless otherwise noted.
5. Fair Value Measurements
Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 820, Fair Value Measurement, establishes a framework for measuring fair value. That framework provides a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements).
The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under ASC 820 are described below:
Level 1 Inputs to the valuation methodology are unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Plan has the ability to access.
Level 2 Inputs to the valuation methodology include:
•Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;
•Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets;
•Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; and
•Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
If the asset or liability has a specified (contractual) term, the level 2 input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
Level 3 Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.
The asset’s or liability’s fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Valuation techniques used need to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.
The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for assets measured at fair value:
•Money market funds are valued at the net asset value of shares held by the Plan at year end;
•Common and preferred stocks are valued at the closing price reported on the active market on which the securities are traded;
•Mutual funds are valued at the net asset value of shares held by the Plan at year end; and
10
| The Bank of America 401(k) Plan | ||
| Notes to Financial Statements | ||
December 31, 2024 and 2023 | ||
•Collective investment funds are stated at fair value as determined by the issuers based on the unit values of the funds. Unit values are determined by dividing the funds’ net assets, which represent the unadjusted prices in active markets of the underlying investments, by the number of units outstanding at the valuation date.
There have been no changes in the methodologies used as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while management believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.
The following tables set forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the Plan’s non-Master Trust investments at fair value as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:
Investments at Fair Value as of December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
Money market funds | $ | 166,780,638 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 166,780,638 | |||||||||||||||
| Mutual funds | 5,867,729,542 | — | 5,867,729,542 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Collective investment funds | — | 43,908,119,299 | — | 43,908,119,299 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Common and preferred stocks | 6,598,908,145 | — | — | 6,598,908,145 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-Master Trust investments | $ | 12,633,418,325 | $ | 43,908,119,299 | $ | — | $ | 56,541,537,624 | |||||||||||||||
Investments at Fair Value as of December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
Money market funds | $ | 132,252,360 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 132,252,360 | |||||||||||||||
| Mutual funds | 6,445,724,779 | — | 6,445,724,779 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Collective investment funds | — | 35,875,935,094 | — | 35,875,935,094 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Common and preferred stocks | 5,894,891,128 | — | — | 5,894,891,128 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-Master Trust investments | $ | 12,472,868,267 | $ | 35,875,935,094 | $ | — | $ | 48,348,803,361 | |||||||||||||||
Transfers Between Levels
The Plan recognizes any transfers between levels in the fair value hierarchy as of the end of the reporting period. There were no transfers between levels for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
6. Plan Termination
Although it has not expressed any intention to do so, the Corporation has the right under the Plan to discontinue its contributions at any time and to terminate the Plan subject to the provisions set forth in ERISA. In the event the Plan terminates, the total amounts credited to the accounts of each participant become fully vested and no further allocations shall be made.
7. Related Party Transactions
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Plan held investments in Bank of America Corporation common stock totaling $6,598,681,216 and $5,894,681,546, respectively. The Plan earned dividends thereon of $162,160,399 for the year ended December 31, 2024.
In 2023, an investment manager for the Plan directed the purchase of certain equity securities from BofA Securities, Inc., a Bank of America affiliate company. The investment manager subsequently identified the purchase as a prohibited transaction. The transaction and subsequent correction were immaterial to the Plan.
11
| The Bank of America 401(k) Plan | ||
| Notes to Financial Statements | ||
December 31, 2024 and 2023 | ||
8. Reconciliation to Form 5500
The following is a reconciliation of net assets available for benefits per the financial statements to the Form 5500:
| December 31 | |||||||||||
2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||
| Net assets available for benefits per the financial statements | $ | 63,252,937,108 | $ | 55,218,876,861 | |||||||
| Adjustment from contract value to fair value for fully | |||||||||||
| benefit-responsive investment contracts | (351,426,347) | (371,318,236) | |||||||||
| Benefit obligations payable | (13,656,370) | (7,962,070) | |||||||||
| Net assets available for benefits per Form 5500 | $ | 62,887,854,391 | $ | 54,839,596,555 | |||||||
The following is a reconciliation of total income per the financial statements to the Form 5500 for the year ended December 31, 2024:
| Total Plan interest in the Stable Value Master Trust investment income per the | ||||||||
| financial statements | $ | 146,516,743 | ||||||
| Adjustment from contract value to fair value for fully benefit-responsive | ||||||||
| investment contracts | ||||||||
| End of year | (351,426,347) | |||||||
| Beginning of year | 371,318,236 | |||||||
| Total Plan interest in the Stable Value Master Trust investment income per Form 5500 | $ | 166,408,632 | ||||||
The following is a reconciliation of benefits paid to Plan participants per the financial statements to the Form 5500 for the year ended December 31, 2024:
| Benefits paid to Plan participants per the financial statements | $ | 4,272,108,179 | ||||||
| Add: Benefit obligations payable at end of year | 13,656,370 | |||||||
| Less: Benefit obligations payable at beginning of year | (7,962,070) | |||||||
| Benefits paid to Plan participants per Form 5500 | $ | 4,277,802,479 | ||||||
Benefit obligations payable and related benefits paid are recorded on Form 5500 for those claims that have been processed and approved for payment prior to December 31 but not yet paid as of that date. For financial statement purposes, such amounts are not recorded until paid.
9. Federal Income Tax Status
The Internal Revenue Service has determined and informed the Corporation by letter dated April 8, 2015 that the Plan and related trust are designed in accordance with applicable sections of the IRC. The Plan has been amended and restated since receiving this determination letter. The Plan Administrator believes the Plan as amended and restated is being operated in compliance with the applicable requirements of the IRC and, therefore, believes that the Plan is qualified and the related trust is tax exempt.
Under present federal income tax laws, a participating employee will not be subject to federal income taxes on the contributions by the employer, or on the interest, dividends or profits on the sale of investments received by the trustee, until the participating employee’s account is distributed.
10. Subsequent Events
In preparing the Plan’s financial statements, subsequent events and transactions have been evaluated for potential recognition. Plan management determined that there are no subsequent events or transactions that require disclosure to or adjustment in the financial statements.
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| The Bank of America 401(k) Plan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EIN 56-0906609 Plan No. 003 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule H, Line 4i - Schedule of Assets (Held at End of Year) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ( a ) | ( b ) | ( c ) | ( e ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Identity of Issue, Borrower, | Description of Investment Including Maturity Date, | Number of | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lessor, or Similar Party | Rate of Interest, Collateral, Par, or Maturity Value | Shares / Units | Current Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Money market funds | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| * | BOFA | OVERNIGHT DEPOSIT - CUSTODY | 1,849 | $ | 1,849 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| FEDERATED HERMES | GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS FUND PREMIUM CLASS | 22,343 | 22,343 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| FIDELITY | GOVERNMENT PORTFOLIO, INSTITUTIONAL CLASS | 166,756,446 | 166,756,446 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total money market funds | 166,780,638 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutual funds | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DODGE & COX | STOCK FUND CL X SHARES | 17,352,144 | 4,462,797,818 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| NICHOLAS FUND INC | NICHOLAS FUND | 4,376 | 407,899 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| NORTHERN | GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY INDEX FUND | 26,576,948 | 602,765,184 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| PIMCO | ALL ASSET FUND INSTITUTIONAL SHARES | 25,424,965 | 275,098,126 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| VANGUARD | GNMA FUND INVESTOR SHARES | 575 | 5,244 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| VANGUARD | INFLATION PROTECTED SECURITIES FUND INSTITUTIONAL SHARES | 57,417,923 | 526,522,356 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| VANGUARD | WELLINGTON FUND INVESTOR SHARES | 3,103 | 132,915 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total mutual funds | 5,867,729,542 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collective investment funds | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ACADIAN | ALL WORLD EX-US COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT TRUST D CLASS | 35,495,260 | 525,329,844 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | EQUITY DIVIDEND FUND M CLASS | 136,178,788 | 2,220,504,075 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | GLOBAL ALLOCATION COLLECTIVE FUND J CLASS | 77,993,656 | 1,123,982,178 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | LIFEPATH INDEX 2030 FUND D CLASS | 100,054,087 | 1,002,872,133 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | LIFEPATH INDEX 2035 FUND D CLASS | 114,221,819 | 1,145,622,005 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | LIFEPATH INDEX 2040 FUND D CLASS | 119,299,993 | 1,197,366,314 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | LIFEPATH INDEX 2045 FUND D CLASS | 113,119,599 | 1,136,071,440 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | LIFEPATH INDEX 2050 FUND D CLASS | 103,971,594 | 1,045,611,133 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | LIFEPATH INDEX 2055 FUND D CLASS | 85,348,286 | 859,039,036 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | LIFEPATH INDEX 2060 FUND D CLASS | 47,932,667 | 482,456,674 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | LIFEPATH INDEX 2065 FUND D CLASS | 16,439,329 | 165,476,646 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | LIFEPATH INDEX 2070 FUND D CLASS | 468,733 | 4,718,265 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | LIFEPATH INDEX RETIREMENT FUND D CLASS | 113,614,912 | 1,138,660,006 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | RUSSELL 2000 ALPHA TILTS FUND G1 | 69,450,953 | 1,054,772,460 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BLACKROCK | US FUNDAMENTAL LARGE CAP GROWTH FUND T CLASS | 48,372,211 | 2,891,652,094 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| EARNEST PARTNERS | SMALL/MID CAP CORE FUND JUMBO CLASS | 62,238,720 | 1,024,449,336 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| MFS | INTERNATIONAL GROWTH FUND II | 86,793,188 | 2,258,358,760 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| PIMCO | TOTAL RETURN COLLECTIVE TRUST IV CLASS | 45,086,245 | 656,004,868 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| STATE STREET | REAL ASSET NL FUND K CLASS | 31,819,982 | 361,697,736 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| T ROWE PRICE | INSTITUTIONAL LARGE CAP GROWTH TRUST I CLASS | 257,230,641 | 5,998,618,551 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| VANGUARD | INSTITUTIONAL 500 INDEX TRUST | 39,684,769 | 10,437,491,026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| VANGUARD | INSTITUTIONAL EXTENDED MARKET INDEX TRUST | 20,089,046 | 3,891,449,084 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| VANGUARD | INSTITUTIONAL TOTAL BOND MARKET INDEX TRUST | 12,276,941 | 1,320,998,857 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| VANGUARD | INSTITUTIONAL TOTAL INTERNATIONAL STOCK MARKET | 6,890,216 | 932,866,369 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| WESTERN ASSET | CORE BOND COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT TRUST R3 CLASS | 105,452,228 | 1,032,050,409 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total collective investment funds | 43,908,119,299 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common and preferred stocks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| * | BANK OF AMERICA CORPORATION | COMMON STOCK | 150,140,642 | 6,598,681,216 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| * | BANK OF AMERICA CORPORATION | PREFERRED STOCK | 1,028 | 26,399 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| CHARLES SCHWAB CORP | PREFERRED STOCK | 600 | 15,060 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| DILLARDS CAPITAL TRUST I | PREFERRED STOCK | 795 | 20,439 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| EXXON MOBIL CORP | COMMON STOCK | 140 | 15,060 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| FIRST HORIZON CORP | PREFERRED STOCK | 1,000 | 24,300 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHS | COMMON STOCK | 465 | 102,221 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| QWEST CORP | PREFERRED STOCK | 262 | 4,585 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| WELLS FARGO & CO | PREFERRED STOCK | 770 | 18,865 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total common and preferred stocks | 6,598,908,145 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-Master Trust investments | $ | 56,541,537,624 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| * | Participant loans | INTEREST RATES RANGING FROM 3.25% TO 10.50% | $ | 799,026,516 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
*Investments with parties-in-interest as defined under ERISA.
Column (d) Cost was omitted as all investments are participant-directed.
13
SIGNATURE
The Plan. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the trustees (or other persons who administer the employee benefit plan) have duly caused this annual report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
| The Bank of America 401(k) Plan | |||||
| Date: June 18, 2025 | /s/ SUSAN CLARK | ||||
| Senior Vice President Retirement Service Delivery Manager Bank of America Corporation | |||||
14
| Exhibit Index | ||||||||
| Exhibit No. | Description | |||||||
| 23.1 | Consent of McConnell and Jones LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | |||||||
15