SEC Form 424B5 filed by Atour Lifestyle Holdings Limited

The information in this preliminary prospectus supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary prospectus supplement is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 Filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)​

 Registration No. 333-275880​

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED JUNE 10, 2024

Preliminary Prospectus Supplement
(to Prospectus dated December 4, 2023)

10,000,000 American Depositary Shares
Representing 30,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares

Atour Lifestyle Holdings Limited

This prospectus supplement relates to a public offering by Shanghai Yi Nan Enterprise Management Partnership and Shanghai Yin Nai Enterprise Management Partnership (both of which are ultimately controlled by Legend Capital Management Co., Ltd. and are collectively referred to as the “Selling Shareholder”) of an aggregate of 10,000,000 American depositary shares, or ADSs, each representing three Class A ordinary shares, par value US$0.0001 per share, of Atour Lifestyle Holdings Limited. In connection with this secondary offering, Mr. Hongbin Zhou, a director of our company previously appointed by the Selling Shareholder, has tendered his resignation as our director, effective upon completion of this secondary offering. Our ADSs are listed on The Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “ATAT.” The last reported sale price of our ADSs on The Nasdaq Global Select Market on June 7, 2024 was US$17.82 per ADS.

Investing in the ADSs involves risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-16 of this prospectus supplement for a discussion of certain risks that you should consider in connection with an investment in the ADSs.

Investors in the ADSs are not purchasing equity securities of our subsidiaries that have substantive business operations in China but instead are purchasing equity securities of a Cayman Islands holding company. Atour Lifestyle Holdings Limited is a Cayman Islands holding company that conducts all of its operations and operates its business in China through its PRC subsidiaries, in particular, Shanghai Atour Business Management Group Co., Ltd. (“Atour Shanghai”), Shanghai Rongduo Business Management Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Rongduo”), and their respective subsidiaries.

We face various legal and operational risks and uncertainties related to being based in and having all of our operations in China. The PRC government has significant authority to exert influence on the ability of a China-based company, such as us, to conduct its business, accept foreign investments or list on an U.S. or other foreign exchanges. For example, we face risks associated with regulatory approvals of offshore offerings, anti-monopoly regulatory actions, oversight on cybersecurity and data privacy. Such risks could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of the ADSs representing our Class A ordinary shares or could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer our Class A ordinary shares represented by ADSs and/or other securities to investors and cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless. For a detailed description of risks related to doing business in China, see “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in China” from page S-19 to S-20 of this prospectus supplement and “Item 3. Key Information — 3.D. Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in China” of our annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 originally filed with the SEC on April 26, 2024 (File No. 001-40540), or the 2023 Annual report.

In addition, our auditor is headquartered in mainland China, a jurisdiction where the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB”) was unable to conduct inspections. Trading in our securities on U.S. markets, including Nasdaq, may be prohibited under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, as amended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (the “HFCAA”) if the PCAOB determines that it is unable to inspect or investigate completely our auditor for two consecutive years. On December 16, 2021, the PCAOB issued the HFCAA Determination Report to notify the SEC of its determinations that the PCAOB was unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong (the “2021 Determinations”). Our auditor is located in mainland

The information in this preliminary prospectus supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary prospectus supplement is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

China. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB announced that it was able to conduct inspections and investigations of PCAOB- registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong in 2022. The PCAOB vacated its previous 2021 Determinations accordingly. However, whether the PCAOB will continue to be able to satisfactorily conduct inspections and investigations of PCAOB-registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong is subject to uncertainty and depends on a number of factors out of our, and our auditor’s control, including positions taken by authorities of the PRC. The PCAOB is expected to continue to demand complete access to inspections and investigations against accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong in the future and states that it has already made plans to resume regular inspections in early 2023 and beyond. The PCAOB is required under the HFCAA to make its determination on an annual basis with regards to its ability to inspect and investigate completely accounting firms based in the mainland China and Hong Kong. The possibility of being a “Commission- Identified Issuer” and risk of delisting could continue to adversely affect the trading price of our securities. If the PCAOB determines in the future that it no longer has full access to inspect and investigate accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong and we continue to use such accounting firm to conduct audit work, we would be identified as a “Commission-Identified Issuer” under the HFCAA following the filing of the annual report for the relevant fiscal year, and if we were so identified for two consecutive years, trading in our securities on U.S. markets would be prohibited under the HFCAA, and Nasdaq may determine to delist our securities. For more details, see “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in China — Trading in our securities may be prohibited under the HFCAA if the PCAOB determines that it is unable to inspect or investigate completely our auditor, and as a result, U.S. national securities exchanges, such as Nasdaq, may determine to delist the ADSs” on the page S-19 of this prospectus supplement.

The PRC government has oversight over the conduct of our business and its laws, regulations and policies may affect our operations. The PRC government has recently published new policies that affected certain industries with respect to matters such as cybersecurity, data privacy, antitrust and competition, foreign investments, and overseas listings, and we cannot rule out the possibility that it will in the future release regulations or policies regarding our industry that could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, the PRC regulatory authorities have recently issued new laws and regulations to exert more oversight and control over overseas securities offerings and other capital markets activities and foreign investment in China-based companies like us. Any such action, once taken by the PRC regulatory authorities, could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors and cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or in extreme cases, become worthless. For additional information, see “Item 3. Key Information — 3.D. Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in China — Uncertainties regarding the enforcement of laws, and changes in laws and regulations in China could adversely affect us and limit the legal protections available to you and us” in the 2023 Annual Report.

Cash is transferred among the Company, our Hong Kong subsidiary, Atour Hotel (HK) Holdings Limited, or Atour Hong Kong, Atour Shanghai and its PRC subsidiaries, in the following manner: (i) funds are transferred to Atour Shanghai from the Company as needed through Atour Hong Kong in the form of capital contributions or shareholder loans, as the case may be; and (ii) dividends or other distributions may be paid by Atour Shanghai to the Company through Atour Hong Kong. In May 2024, Atour Shanghai declared a cash dividend of RMB450 million (US$62 million) to Atour Hong Kong. Apart from that and other cash transfers in connection with the corporate restructuring for our initial public offering, none of our PRC subsidiaries have issued any dividends or distributions to their respective holding companies, including the Company, or any investors as of the date of this prospectus supplement. Our subsidiaries in the PRC generate and retain cash generated from operating activities and re-invest it in our business. In the future, the Company’s ability to pay dividends, if any, to its shareholders and ADS holders and to service any debt it may incur will depend upon dividends paid by our PRC subsidiaries. Atour Shanghai has also received equity financing from its shareholders to fund the business operations of our PRC subsidiaries. In 2021, 2022 and 2023 and the three months ended March 31, 2024, we did not transfer any cash proceeds to any of our PRC subsidiaries except for the cash transfers within our Group in connection with the restructuring for our initial public offering. In the future, cash proceeds raised from overseas financing activities, may be transferred by us through our Atour Hong Kong to Atour Shanghai via capital contribution and shareholder loans, as the case may be. Atour Shanghai then will transfer funds to its subsidiaries to meet the capital needs of our business operations. For details about the applicable PRC regulations and rules relating to such cash transfers through our Group and the associated risks, see “Item 3. Key Information — 3.D. Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in China — We may rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our PRC subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have, and any

The information in this preliminary prospectus supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary prospectus supplement is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

limitation on the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material and adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business” and “Item 3. Key Information — 3.D. Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in China — PRC regulation of loans to and direct investment in PRC entities by offshore holding companies and governmental control of currency conversion may restrict or delay us from using the proceeds of our initial public offering to make loans or additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries, which could adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business” in the 2023 Annual Report.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved the issuance of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

PRICE US$     PER ADS

(1)

See “Underwriting” beginning on page S-68 of this prospectus supplement for a description of the compensation payable to the underwriters.

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The Selling Shareholder has granted the underwriters the right to purchase up to 1,500,000 additional ADSs at the offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions, within 30 days after the date of this prospectus supplement.

The underwriters expect to deliver the ADSs against payment in U.S. dollars in New York, New York, to purchasers on or about            , 2024.

BofA Securities CMBI Citigroup

Prospectus Supplement dated            , 2024

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

PROSPECTUS

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We and the Selling Shareholder have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. The Selling Shareholder is not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer to sell the ADSs in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference therein is accurate only as of each of their respective dates. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

 

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are part of a registration statement that we filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, using a “shelf” registration process. Under the shelf registration process, from time to time, we may sell any combination of the securities described in the accompanying prospectus in one or more offerings, subject in certain cases to the receipt of regulatory approval. This document is in two parts. The first part is the prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of this offering of our ADSs and supplements information contained in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into the accompanying prospectus. The second part consists of the accompanying prospectus, which gives more general information about us and the securities we may offer from time to time under our shelf registration statement, some of which may not be applicable to this offering. If the description of the offering varies between this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement.

Unless otherwise indicated and except where the context otherwise requires, all discrepancies in any table between the amounts identified as total amounts and the sum of the amounts listed herein are due to rounding, and in this prospectus supplement, unless otherwise indicated or unless the context otherwise requires:

Unless we indicate otherwise, all information in this prospectus supplement reflects the following:

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no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to 1,500,000 additional ADSs representing 4,500,000 Class A ordinary shares from the Selling Shareholder; and

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Except where the context otherwise requires and for purposes of this prospectus supplement only:

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“ADR” refers to average daily room rate, which means room revenue divided by the number of rooms in use, excluding hotel rooms that were previously requisitioned by the government for quarantine needs in response to the COVID-19 outbreak or otherwise became unavailable due to temporary hotel closures;

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“ADSs” refers to the American depositary shares, each representing three Class A ordinary shares;

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“ADRs” refers to the American depositary receipts that may evidence the ADSs;

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“Atour,” “we,” “us,” “our,” “ours,” “our company,” and the “Company,” refer to Atour Lifestyle Holdings Limited, a Cayman Islands exempted company and its subsidiaries;

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“China” or “PRC” refers to the People’s Republic of China; and only in the context of referring to specific laws and regulations adopted by the PRC in this prospectus supplement, excludes Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan;

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“Class A ordinary shares” refers to our Class A ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share;

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“Class B ordinary shares” refers to our Class B ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.0001 per share;

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“GMV” refers to gross merchandise value, which is the total value of confirmed orders placed and paid for by our end customers with us or our franchisees, as the case may be, and sold as part of our retail business, where the ordered products have been dispatched, regardless of whether they are delivered or returned, calculated based on the prices of the ordered products net of any discounts offered to our end customers;

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“leased hotels” refers to leased-and-operated hotels, which, for the avoidance of doubt, include hotels that are exclusively operated by us on properties leased by certain designated third parties;

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“manachised hotels” refers to franchised-and-managed hotels;

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“occupancy rate” refers to the number of rooms in use divided by the number of available rooms for a given period, excluding hotel rooms that were previously requisitioned by the government for quarantine needs in response to the COVID-19 outbreak or otherwise became unavailable due to temporary hotel closures;

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“RevPAR” refers to revenue per available room, which is calculated by total revenues during a period divided by the number of available rooms of our hotels during the same period, excluding hotel rooms that were previously requisitioned by the government for quarantine needs in response to the COVID-19 outbreak or otherwise became unavailable due to temporary hotel closures;

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“ordinary shares” refers to our Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares;

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“RMB” or “Renminbi” refers to the legal currency of the People’s Republic of China;

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“Tier 1 cities” refers to, based on China Business Network’s rankings of 2020, the four Chinese cities of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen;

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“New Tier 1 cities” refers to, based on China Business Network’s rankings of 2020, the 15 Chinese cities of Chongqing, Suzhou, Chengdu, Hangzhou, Wuhan, Nanjing, Tianjin, Qingdao, Changsha, Zhengzhou, Foshan, Hefei, Xi’an, Dongguan and Shenyang;

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“Tier 2 cities” refers to, based on China Business Network’s rankings of 2020, the 30 Chinese cities of Nanning, Ningbo, Wuxi, Quanzhou, Jinan, Nantong, Fuzhou, Yantai, Changzhou, Xuzhou, Dalian, Wenzhou, Kunming, Changchun, Xiamen, Shaoxing, Shijiazhuang, Langfang, Nanchang, Jiaxing, Taizhou, Harbin, Jinhua, Guiyang, Huizhou, Taiyuan, Zhuhai, Baoding, Zhongshan and Lanzhou;

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“US$,” “dollars” or “U.S. dollars” refers to the legal currency of the United States; and

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“U.S. GAAP” refers to the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

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Unless otherwise noted, all translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars and from U.S. dollars to Renminbi in this prospectus supplement were made at RMB7.2203 to US$1.00, the exchange rate set forth in the H.10 statistical release of the Federal Reserve Board on March 29, 2024. We make no representation that any Renminbi or U.S. dollar amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars or Renminbi, as the case may be, at any particular rate, or at all.

This prospectus supplement contains information and statistics relating to China’s economy and the industries in which we operate derived from various publications issued by market research companies and PRC governmental entities, which have not been independently verified by us, the underwriters or any of their respective affiliates or advisers. The information in such sources may not be consistent with our internal operating data and other information compiled in or outside of China.

 

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INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” the information we file with or submit to the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents that are considered part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Each document incorporated by reference is current only as of the date of such document, and the incorporation by reference of such documents should not create any implication that there has been no change in our affairs since such date. Information that we file with or submit to the SEC in the future and incorporate by reference will automatically update and supersede the previously filed information.

Our annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 originally filed with the SEC on April 26, 2024 (File No. 001-40540), or our 2023 Annual Report, and our current report on Form 6-K furnished with the SEC on June 10, 2024 that attaches as exhibit our Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2024, are incorporated by reference in the accompanying prospectus.

As you read the documents incorporated by reference, you may find inconsistencies in information from one document to another. If you find inconsistencies, you should rely on the statements made in the most recent document. See “Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference” in the accompanying prospectus for more information. All of the documents incorporated by reference are available at www.sec.gov under Atour Lifestyle Holdings Limited, CIK number 0001853717.

Unless expressly incorporated by reference, nothing in this prospectus supplement shall be deemed to incorporate by reference information furnished to, but not filed with, the SEC. We will provide a copy of any or all of the information that has been incorporated by reference into the accompanying prospectus, other than exhibits to those documents unless such exhibits are specially incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, upon written or oral request, to any person, including any beneficial owner of the securities, to whom a copy of this prospectus supplement is delivered, at no cost to such person. You may make such a request by writing or telephoning us at the following mailing address or telephone number:

Atour Lifestyle Holdings Limited
1st floor, Wuzhong Building,
618 Wuzhong Road, Minhang District,
Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
Tel: (+86) 021-64059928
Attention: Investor Relations Department

 

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus supplement and the information incorporated by reference herein contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of, and are intended to qualify for the safe harbor from liability established by, the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements, which are not statements of historical fact, may contain estimates, assumptions, projections and/or expectations regarding future events, which may or may not occur. These statements relate to future events or to our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “could,” “will,” “should,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “future,” “is/are likely to,” “project” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. These forward-looking statements include:

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general economic, political, demographic and business conditions in China and globally;

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fluctuations in inflation and exchange rates in China and globally;

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our ability to implement our growth strategy;

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our ability to compete and conduct our business in the future;

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the availability of qualified personnel and the ability to retain such personnel;

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the expected growth and competition in the hospitality industry in China;

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changes in government policies and regulation;

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other factors that may affect our financial condition, liquidity and results of operations; and

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other risk factors discussed under “Risk Factors.”

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The forward-looking statements included in this prospectus supplement, in the accompanying prospectus, and in the documents incorporated by reference therein are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions about our company. Although we believe that our expectations expressed in these forward- looking statements are reasonable, our expectations may later be found to be incorrect. Our actual results of operations may differ materially from the forward-looking statements as a result of the risk factors disclosed in this prospectus supplement, in the accompanying prospectus, and in the documents incorporated by reference therein.

You should read thoroughly this prospectus supplement and the documents that we refer to with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from and worse than what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.

This prospectus supplement contains certain data and information that we obtained from various government and private publications. Statistical data in these publications also include projections based on a number of assumptions. Furthermore, if any one or more of the assumptions underlying the market data are later found to be incorrect, actual results may differ from the projections based on these assumptions.

We would like to caution you not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. You should read these statements in conjunction with the risk factors disclosed herein, in the accompanying prospectus, and in the documents incorporated by reference therein for a more complete discussion of the risks of an investment in our securities. We operate in a rapidly evolving environment. New risks emerge from time to time and it is impossible for our management to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ from those contained in any forward-looking statement. We do not undertake any obligation to update or revise the forward-looking statements except as required under applicable law.

 

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MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA

Market data and certain industry forecasts used in or incorporated into this prospectus supplement and in the documents incorporated by reference herein were obtained from internal surveys, market research, industry reports, publicly available information and industry publications. Industry publications generally state that the information contained therein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but that the accuracy and completeness of such information is not guaranteed. Similarly, internal surveys, industry forecasts, market research and publicly available information, while believed to be reliable, cannot be verified with complete certainty due to the limits on the availability and reliability of raw data, the voluntary nature of the data gathering process and other limitations and uncertainties, and neither we nor the underwriters can guarantee the accuracy of such information.

 

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in the ADSs involves risk. In addition to the other information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, you should carefully consider the risks described below before investing in the ADSs. The following factors, individually and in the aggregate, could cause our business, results of operations and financial condition to suffer or materially differ from expected and historical results. As a result, the trading price of the ADSs may decline, and you may lose part or all of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

We may not be able to manage our expected growth, which could adversely affect our operating results.

We have experienced substantial growth in the past. Over the past few years, we increased the number of our hotels in China to 1,302 as of March 31, 2024, and we intend to continue to convert, operate and manage additional hotels in markets where we have a presence and in additional cities in China. Our expansion has placed, and will continue to place, substantial demands on our managerial, financial, operational, IT, and other resources. In order to manage and support our growth, we must continue to improve our existing managerial, operational and IT systems, including our financial and management controls, and recruit, train and retain qualified hotel management and other personnel. Our planned expansion will also require us to maintain consistent and high-quality accommodations and services to ensure that our brand does not suffer as a result of any deviations, whether actual or perceived, in our quality standards. We cannot assure you that we will be able to effectively and efficiently manage the growth of our operations or maintain our quality standards. If we are unable to do so, our results of operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected.

Some of our existing development pipeline may not be developed into new hotels, which could materially and adversely affect our growth prospects.

As of March 31, 2024, we had 674 manachised hotels with a total of 72,943 hotel rooms in our development pipeline, which we define as hotels under construction or approved for development under our hotel brands. The commitments of owners and developers with whom we have contracts are subject to numerous conditions, and the eventual development and construction of our development pipeline not currently under construction is subject to numerous risks, including, in certain cases, the owner’s or developer’s ability to obtain adequate financing and obtaining governmental or regulatory approvals. As a result, not every hotel in our development pipeline may develop into a new hotel that enters our system.

Our legal right to lease certain properties to operate our leased hotels could be challenged by property owners or other third parties, which could prevent us from continuing to operate our leased hotels or increase the costs associated with operating these hotels.

We rely on leases with third parties who either own or lease the properties from the ultimate property owners to operate our leased hotels. The land use rights and other property rights with respect to properties we currently lease for our existing hotels could be challenged. As of March 31, 2024, our lessors failed to provide us with the valid property ownership certificates and/or the land use rights certificates for approximately 5.26% of all of our leased hotels in terms of gross floor area. While we have performed due diligence to verify the rights of our lessors to lease such properties, including inspecting documentation issued by competent government authorities evidencing these lessors’ land use rights and other property rights with respect to these properties, the lessees’ rights under those leases could be challenged by other parties including government authorities in China. If the properties are deemed to be illegal constructions or the landlords do not have the rights to lease the properties to the lessees for hotel operations purposes, the lessors (instead of the lessees) may be subject to monetary penalties and the lease agreements may be invalidated.

We may therefore be required to relocate our relevant hotels. In addition, some of our properties where our leased hotels are located are owned by governmental and other third-party organizations, and such leases are subject to present and future policies in China related to government-owned properties or other similar types of properties. In the event that we could no longer operate on such sites, we may suffer financial losses.

We also cannot assure you that we can always keep good title of the properties we lease currently or will lease in the future, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects. If the ultimate owner of the

 

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property changes after the original owner of such property mortgages such property to any third party, lessees’ legal rights under the lease agreement may be affected adversely and we may not rank senior in the right of continuing occupying the property. In addition to the above risks, we also face potential disputes with property owners, primary lease holders or third parties. Such disputes, whether or not resolved in our favor, may divert management attention, involve significant cost, harm our reputation and otherwise disrupt our business.

Failure to comply with lease registration under PRC law may subject both parties to such leases to fines or other penalties that may negatively affect our ability to operate our leased hotels.

Under PRC law, all lease agreements of commodity housing tenancy are required to be registered with the local housing bureau, including those relating to the leased properties underlying our leased hotels. While the majority of our standard lease agreements require the lessors to make such registrations, most of our leases entered into in connection with our leased hotels as of March 31, 2024 have not been registered as required by PRC law, which may expose both lessors and lessees to potential monetary fines ranging from RMB1,000 to RMB10,000 for each non-registration. Some of our rights under the unregistered leases may also be subordinated to the rights of other interested third parties.

In addition, in some instances where the lessors or lessees are not the ultimate owners of hotel properties, no consents or permits have been obtained from the property owners, the primary lease holders or competent government authorities, as applicable, for the subleases of the hotel properties to certain of our hotels, which could potentially invalidate the leases for our hotel properties or lead to the renegotiation of such leases that result in terms less favorable to us or even relocation of our relevant hotels. Some of the properties leased from third parties were also subject to mortgages at the time the leases were signed. Moreover, the property ownership or leasehold in connection with our manachised hotels could be subject to similar third-party claims.

Failure to comply with land- and property-related requirements under PRC law may subject lessors to fines or other penalties that may negatively affect our ability to operate our leased hotels.

Lessors of our hotel properties are required to comply with various land- and property-related laws and regulations to enable them to lease effective titles of their properties for our hotel use. For example, before any properties located on state-owned land in China with allocated or leased land use rights or on land owned by collective organizations may be leased to third parties, lessors should obtain appropriate approvals from competent government authorities. In addition, properties used for hotel operations and the underlying land should be approved for hospitality use or appropriate commercial use purposes by competent government authorities. Some of the lessors of our hotel properties have not obtained the required governmental approvals, including approvals of the properties for hospitality use purposes. As of March 31, 2024, for approximately 26.37% of our leased hotels in terms of gross floor area, the lessors have not obtained the required governmental approvals for the properties to be used for hospitality use purposes. Failure to comply with the land- and property-related laws and regulations may subject the lessors to monetary fines or other penalties and may lead to the invalidation or termination of the leases and relocation of our relevant leased hotels, and therefore may adversely affect our results of operations.

While some lessors have agreed to indemnify lessees against the losses resulting from the lessors’ failure to obtain the required approvals, there is no assurance that the lessees will be able to successfully enforce such indemnification obligations against the lessors or that such indemnification can cover losses from all the property defects. As a result, we may suffer significant losses resulting from the lessors’ failure to obtain required approvals to the extent that the lessees are not fully indemnified by the lessors.

Default in payment by franchisees and/or corporate account clients that have large account receivable balances could adversely impact our cash flows, working capital, results of operations and financial condition.

Our accounts receivable include amounts due from our franchisees and corporate clients whose employees are guests in our leased hotels. Our corporate clients may choose to settle with us directly, and we typically require our franchisees to pay various fees pursuant to their franchise and management agreements with us on a monthly basis. Our net accounts receivable balance was RMB132.7 million, RMB162.1 million and RMB164.6 million (US$22.8 million) as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 and March 31, 2024, respectively.

 

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We are subject to the risk that we may be unable to collect accounts receivable in a timely manner, or at all. An extended period of hotel room vacancy or decrease in room rates, which may be the result of a variety of factors such as unfavorable economic conditions in China and globally, may adversely affect our ability to collect accounts receivable in a timely manner, or at all. As a result, our franchisees and/or corporate account clients may not be able to pay us in a timely fashion and our accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts may accordingly increase. Our liquidity and cash flows from operations may be adversely affected if our accounts receivable cycles or collections periods lengthen or if we encounter a material increase in defaults of payment of our account receivable.

In order to mitigate such risks, we conduct rigorous due diligence checks on prospective franchisees and regularly assess the creditworthiness of corporate account clients. However, these mitigating efforts cannot ensure that we will be able to collect accounts receivable. If the accounts receivable cannot be collected in time, or at all, a significant amount of bad debt expense will occur, and our business, financial condition and results of operation will likely be materially and adversely affected.

We are subject to various hospitality industry, health and safety, construction, fire prevention and environmental laws and regulations that may subject us to liability.

Each hotel in our chain must hold a basic business license and a special industry license issued by the local public security bureau and must have hotel operation included in the business scope of their respective business license. In addition, each of our hotels must complete fire prevention safety inspection/ commitment with the local fire and rescue department and obtain hygiene permits and environmental impact assessment approvals. We also need to obtain approvals and make filings for most of our hotel construction projects with fire prevention authorities and construction authorities. Our business also is subject to various health and safety and environmental laws and regulations that affect our operations and conversion activities in the jurisdictions in which we operate, including construction, building, zoning, environmental protection, food safety, public safety, health and sanitary requirements.

As of the date of this prospectus, a small number of our leased hotels have not obtained approvals from or made appropriate filings with applicable fire prevention authorities, construction authorities, environmental protection authorities, health administration or public security bureau, and a small number of our leased hotels selling or serving food have not obtained the relevant approvals from local counterparts of the SAMR for such activities. As a result of these non-compliance matters, we have been and may be subject to monetary damages, the suspension or disruption of our operations or conversion activities, or other administrative penalties or investigations, which could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We cannot assure you that we or our employees comply with or will comply with all present and future laws and regulations related to our business, including without limitation to hospitality industry, health, safety, construction, fire prevention and environmental laws and regulations. Such non-compliance may subject us to monetary damages, the imposition of fines or other administrative penalties or investigations against us, or the suspension of our operations or conversion activities, which in turn could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, if there are new laws, regulations, policies or guidelines introduced to impose additional regulatory approvals, licenses, permits and requirements, our business may be disrupted and our results of operations may suffer. For example, new regulations could require us to retrofit or modify our hotels or incur other significant expenses. Any failure by us to control the use of, or to adequately restrict the discharge of, hazardous substances in our conversion activities, or otherwise operate in compliance with environmental laws, could subject us to potentially significant monetary damages and fines or suspension of our business operations, which could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Owners of our manachised hotels are subject to these same permit and safety requirements. Although our manachised hotel arrangements require the hotel owners to obtain and maintain all required permits or licenses, we have limited control over the manachised hotel owners. Any failure to obtain and maintain the required permits or licenses may require us to delay opening of a manachised hotel or to forgo or terminate our manachised hotel arrangement, which could harm our brand, result in lost management revenues and subject us to potential indirect liability. Each of the foregoing could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

 

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Our net profit could be adversely affected by share-based compensation.

In 2017, our PRC subsidiary Atour Shanghai adopted the 2017 Share Incentive Plan, or the 2017 PRC Plan. In 2021, we adopted the Public Company Share Incentive Plan, or the Public Company Plan, at the Cayman Islands’ level in preparation for our initial public offering in November 2022, to replace the 2017 PRC Plan. The purpose of the Public Company Plan is to recognize and reward participants for their contribution to our company, to attract suitable personnel and to provide incentives to them to remain with and further contribute to us.

Under the Public Company Plan, the maximum aggregate number of Class A ordinary shares we are authorized to issue pursuant to equity awards granted thereunder, subject to certain adjustments pursuant to the terms thereof, is 51,029,546 Class A ordinary shares, which have been reserved for issuance pursuant to the Public Company Plan accordingly. As of March 31, 2024, a total of 26,045,283 share options corresponding to underlying 26,045,283 Class A ordinary shares had been granted to the participants under the Public Company Plan.

For the year ended December 31, 2021, we did not recognize any share-based compensation expenses for the share options granted as such awards contain a performance condition such that the awards vest upon the completion of a Qualified IPO defined under our share incentive plans and is not considered probable until the event happens. Upon the completion of our initial public offering in November 2022, we immediately recognized share-based compensation expenses of RMB96.6 million with respect to the share options vested cumulatively. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023 and the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recognized RMB163.2 million, RMB164.0 million and RMB3.1 million (US$0.4 million) of share-based compensation expenses, respectively.

We believe the granting of share-based awards is of significant importance to our ability to attract and retain key personnel and employees, and we expect to grant additional share-based awards to our employees in the future. As a result, our expenses associated with share-based awards may increase, which may have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

Risks Related to Doing Business in China

Trading in our securities may be prohibited under the HFCAA if the PCAOB determines that it is unable to inspect or investigate completely our auditor, and as a result, U.S. national securities exchanges, such as Nasdaq, may determine to delist the ADSs.

Our independent registered public accounting firm that issues the audit report included in our annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2023, as an auditor of companies that are traded publicly in the United States and a firm registered with the PCAOB, is required by the laws of the United States to undergo regular inspections by the PCAOB to assess its compliance with the laws of the United States and professional standards. Our auditor is located in China, a jurisdiction where the PCAOB has historically been unable to conduct inspections and investigations of auditors completely. The inability of the PCAOB to conduct inspections of auditors in China in the past has made it more difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of our independent registered public accounting firm’s audit procedures or quality control procedures as compared to auditors outside of China subject to the same requirements. As a result, certain investors have historically been deprived of the benefits of such PCAOB inspections.

Recently, as part of a continued regulatory focus in the United States on access to audit and other information currently protected by national law, in particular China’s, the United States enacted the HFCAA in December 2020, as amended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023. One of the effects of this HFCAA is that trading in our securities on U.S. markets, including Nasdaq, may be prohibited if the PCAOB determines that it is unable to inspect or investigate our auditor to its satisfaction for two consecutive years. On December 16, 2021, the PCAOB issued the HFCAA Determination Report to notify the SEC of its determinations that the PCAOB was unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong. Our auditor is located in mainland China.

On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB announced that it had been able to conduct inspections and investigations completely of PCAOB-registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong in 2022, vacating its previous 2021 Determinations accordingly.

 

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However, whether the PCAOB will continue to conduct inspections and investigations completely to its satisfaction of PCAOB-registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong is subject to uncertainty and depends on a number of factors out of our, and our auditor’s, control, including positions taken by authorities of the PRC. The PCAOB is expected to continue to demand complete access to inspections and investigations against accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong in the future and states that it has already made plans to resume regular inspections in early 2023 and beyond. On May 10, 2023, the PCAOB released its inspection report with respect to its inspections of audits performed by KPMG in mainland China and PCAOB inspectors found multiple deficiencies other than audits with an incorrect opinion on the financial statements and/or internal control over financial reporting. The PCAOB inspection reports do not make public criticisms or potential defects in the accounting firms’ systems of quality control, to the extent any are identified. If the accounting firms do not address to the PCAOB’s satisfaction any criticism of, or potential defect in, the firms’ systems of quality control within 12 months after the issuance of the reports, the PCAOB will make public any such deficiency.

The PCAOB is required under the HFCAA to make its determination on an annual basis with regards to its ability to inspect and investigate completely accounting firms based in the mainland China and Hong Kong, among other jurisdictions. The possibility of being a “Commission-Identified Issuer” and consequential risk of necessitating delisting of our securities in the United States could continue to adversely affect the trading price of the ADSs.

If the PCAOB determines in the future that it no longer has full access to inspect and investigate accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong and we continue to use such accounting firm to conduct audit work, we would be identified as a “Commission-Identified Issuer” under the HFCAA following the filing of the annual report for the relevant fiscal year. If we were so identified for two consecutive years, trading in our securities on U.S. markets would be prohibited, and Nasdaq may determine to delist our securities. Additionally, we may be unable to switch to a suitable and acceptable auditor within two years following an adverse determination by the PCAOB of its ability to inspect KPMG. Any of these circumstances would substantially impair your ability to sell or purchase the ADSs when you wish to do so. Furthermore, such trading prohibition would significantly affect our ability to raise capital on terms acceptable to us, or at all, which would have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and prospects.

The PCAOB inspects the accounting firms over which it has jurisdiction from time to time. If PCAOB inspections were to lead to an investigation of an accounting firm that found violations of laws, professional standards or rules, the PCAOB could impose sanctions on such firm. These sanctions could include censures, monetary penalties, and limitations on such firm’s ability to audit public company financial statements. If an accounting firm were subject to such sanctions, any company whose financial statements are audited by such firm, including our company, could need to find an alternative auditor. Any change in auditor or inability to find a suitable replacement auditor could materially adversely affect the company’s share price, business, financial condition and prospects or subject the company to delisting risk.

Risks Related to The ADSs and This Secondary Offering

The trading price of the ADSs is likely to be volatile, which could result in substantial losses to investors.

The trading price of the ADSs is likely to be volatile and could fluctuate widely due to factors beyond our control. This may happen because of broad market and industry factors, including the performance and fluctuation of the market prices of other companies with business operations located mainly in China that have listed their securities in the United States. In addition to market and industry factors, the price and trading volume for the ADSs may be highly volatile for factors specific to our own operations, including the following:

 

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variations in our net revenues, earnings and cash flows;

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announcements of new investments, acquisitions, strategic partnerships or joint ventures by us or our competitors;

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announcements of new offerings, solutions and expansions by us or our competitors;

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changes in financial estimates by securities analysts;

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detrimental adverse publicity about us, our services or our industry;

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announcements of new regulations, rules or policies relevant to our business;

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additions or departures of key personnel;

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our controlling shareholder’s business performance and reputation; and

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potential litigation or regulatory investigations.

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Any of these factors may result in large and sudden changes in the volume and price at which the ADSs will trade.

In the past, shareholders of public companies have often brought securities class-action suits against those companies following periods of instability in the market price of their securities. If we were involved in a class-action suit, it could divert a significant amount of our management’s attention and other resources from our business and operations and require us to incur significant expenses to defend the suit, which could harm our results of operations. Any such class action suit, whether or not successful, could harm our reputation and restrict our ability to raise capital in the future. In addition, if a claim is successfully made against us, we may be required to pay significant damages, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or if they adversely change their recommendations regarding the ADSs, the market price for the ADSs and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for the ADSs will be influenced by research or reports that industry or securities analysts publish about our business. If one or more analysts who cover us downgrade the ADSs, the market price for the ADSs would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease to cover us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause the market price or trading volume for the ADSs to decline.

Our dual-class voting structure will limit your ability to influence corporate matters and could discourage others from pursuing any change of control transactions that holders of our Class A ordinary shares and the ADSs may view as beneficial.

Our authorized and issued ordinary shares are divided into Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares. Holders of Class A ordinary shares will be entitled to one vote per share, while the holder of Class B ordinary shares will be entitled to ten votes per share. Each Class B ordinary share is convertible into one Class A ordinary share at any time by the holders thereof, while Class A ordinary shares are not convertible into Class B ordinary shares under any circumstances.

As of March 31, 2024, Mr. Haijun Wang beneficially owns 73,680,917 Class B ordinary shares and controls the voting power of 14,572,900 Class A ordinary shares. Accordingly, Mr. Haijun Wang beneficially owns approximately 21.4% of our total issued and outstanding share capital and 69.8% of the aggregate voting power of our total issued and outstanding share capital as of the same date due to the disparate voting powers associated with our dual-class share structure as well as voting proxy granted to him by other minority shareholders. As a result of the dual-class share structure and the concentration of ownership, the holder of Class B ordinary shares will have considerable influence over matters such as decisions regarding mergers and consolidations, election of directors, and other significant corporate actions. Such holders may take actions that are not in the best interest of us or our other shareholders. This concentration of ownership may discourage, delay, or prevent a change in control of our company, which could have the effect of depriving

 

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our other shareholders of the opportunity to receive a premium for their shares as part of a sale of our company and may reduce the price of the ADSs. This concentrated control will limit your ability to influence corporate matters and could discourage others from pursuing any potential merger, takeover, or other change of control transactions that holders of Class A ordinary shares and ADSs may view as beneficial.

The dual-class structure of our ordinary shares may adversely affect the trading market for the ADSs.

Certain shareholder advisory firms have announced changes to their eligibility criteria for inclusion of shares of public companies on certain indices, including the S&P 500, to exclude companies with multiple classes of shares and companies whose public shareholders hold no more than 5% of total voting power from being added to such indices. In addition, several shareholder advisory firms have announced their opposition to the use of multiple class structures. As a result, the dual class structure of our ordinary shares may prevent the inclusion of the ADSs representing Class A ordinary shares in such indices and may cause shareholder advisory firms to publish negative commentary about our corporate governance practices or otherwise seek to cause us to change our capital structure. Any such exclusion from indices could result in a less active trading market for the ADSs. Any actions or publications by shareholder advisory firms critical of our corporate governance practices or capital structure could also adversely affect the value of the ADSs.

Forum selection provisions in our memorandum and articles of association could limit the ability of holders of our Class A ordinary shares, ADSs, or other securities to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us, our directors and officers, the depositary bank, and potentially others.

Our memorandum and articles of association provide that the federal district courts of the United States are the exclusive forum within the United States for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising out of or relating in any way to the federal securities laws of the United States, regardless of whether such legal suit, action, or proceeding also involves parties other than us. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any share or other securities in our company shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of our articles of association. However, the enforceability of similar federal court choice of forum provisions has been challenged in legal proceedings in the United States, and it is possible that a court could find this type of provision to be inapplicable, unenforceable, or inconsistent with other documents that are relevant to the filing of such lawsuits. If a court were to find the federal choice of forum provision contained in our memorandum and articles of association to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions. If upheld, the forum selection clause in our memorandum and articles of association may limit a security-holder’s ability to bring a claim against us, our directors and officers, and potentially others in his or her preferred judicial forum, and this limitation may discourage such lawsuits. In addition, the Securities Act provides that both federal and state courts have jurisdiction over suits brought to enforce any duty or liability under the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. Accepting or consent to this forum selection provision does not constitute a waiver by you of compliance with federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. You may not waive compliance with federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. The exclusive forum provision in our memorandum and articles of association will not operate so as to deprive the courts of the Cayman Islands from having jurisdiction over matters relating to our internal affairs.

We are a “controlled company” as defined under the Nasdaq Stock Market corporate governance rules. As a result, we will qualify for, and intend to rely on, exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements that would otherwise provide protection to shareholders of other companies.

We are a “controlled company” as defined under the Nasdaq corporate governance rules because Mr. Haijun Wang will own more than 50% of our total voting power. For so long as we remain a controlled company, we may rely on certain exemptions from the corporate governance rules, including the rule that we have to establish a nominating and corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors. As a result, you will not have the same protection afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to these corporate governance requirements. Even if we cease to be a controlled company, we may still rely on exemptions available to foreign private issuers, including being able to adopt home country practices in relation to corporate governance matters. See “— We are a foreign private issuer within the meaning of the rules under the Exchange Act, and as such we are exempt from certain provisions applicable

 

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to U.S. domestic public companies” and “— As an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, we are permitted to adopt certain home country practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from the Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards. These practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if we complied fully with the Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards.”

The sale or availability for sale of substantial amounts of ADSs could adversely affect their market price.

Sales of substantial amounts of ADSs in the public market, or the perception that these sales could occur, could adversely affect the market price of the ADSs and could materially impair our ability to raise capital through equity offerings in the future. The ADSs sold in this secondary offering will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, and shares held by our shareholders may also be sold in the public market in the future, subject to the restrictions in Rule 144 and Rule 701 under the Securities Act and the applicable lock-up agreements. In connection with this secondary offering, we and the Selling Shareholder have agreed not to sell, transfer or dispose of any ordinary shares, ADSs or similar securities for 90 days after the date of this prospectus supplement without the prior written consent of the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions. We cannot predict what effect, if any, market sales of securities held by our significant shareholders or any other shareholder or the availability of these securities for future sale will have on the market price of the ADSs.

Techniques employed by short sellers may drive down the market price of the ADSs.

Short selling is the practice of selling securities that the seller does not own but rather has borrowed from a third party with the intention of buying identical securities back at a later date to return to the lender. The short seller hopes to profit from a decline in the value of the securities between the sale of the borrowed securities and the purchase of the replacement shares, as the short seller expects to pay less in that purchase than it received in the sale. As it is in the short seller’s interest for the price of the security to decline, many short sellers publish, or arrange for the publication of, negative opinions regarding the relevant issuer and its business prospects in order to create negative market momentum and generate profits for themselves after selling a security short. These short attacks have, in the past, led to selling of shares in the market.

Public companies that have substantially all of their operations in China have been the subject of short selling. Much of the scrutiny and negative publicity have centered on allegations of a lack of effective internal control over financial reporting resulting in financial and accounting irregularities and mistakes, inadequate corporate governance policies or a lack of adherence thereto and, in many cases, allegations of fraud. As a result, many of these companies are now conducting internal and external investigations into the allegations and, in the interim, are subject to shareholder lawsuits and/or SEC enforcement actions.

It is not clear what effect such negative publicity could have on us. If we were to become the subject of any unfavorable allegations, whether such allegations are proven to be true or untrue, we could have to expend a significant amount of resources to investigate such allegations and/or defend ourselves. While we would strongly defend against any such short seller attacks, we may be constrained in the manner in which we can proceed against the relevant short seller by principles of freedom of speech, applicable state law or issues of commercial confidentiality. Such a situation could be costly and time-consuming, and could distract our management from growing our business. Even if such allegations are ultimately proven to be groundless, allegations against us could severely impact our business operations, and any investment in the ADSs could be greatly reduced or even rendered worthless.

You may need to rely on a price appreciation of the ADSs for a return on your investment.

Our board of directors has discretion as to whether to distribute dividends, subject to certain requirements of Cayman Islands law. In addition, our shareholders may by ordinary resolution declare a dividend, but no dividend may exceed the amount recommended by our directors. In either case, all dividends are subject to certain restrictions under Cayman Islands law, namely that our company may pay a dividend out of either profit or a share premium account, provided always that in no circumstances may a dividend be paid if this would result in us being unable to pay our debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business.

 

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Even if our board of directors decides to declare and pay dividends, the timing, amount and form of future dividends, if any, will depend on our future results of operations and cash flow, our capital requirements and surplus, the amount of distributions, if any, received by us from our subsidiaries, our financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors. Accordingly, the return on your investment in the ADSs will likely need to rely on future price appreciation of the ADSs. There is no guarantee that the ADSs will appreciate in value or even maintain the price at which you purchased the ADSs. You may not realize a return on your investment in the ADSs and you may even lose your entire investment in the ADSs.

The approval or filing of the China Securities Regulatory Commission or other PRC regulatory agencies may be required to maintain our listing status or conduct future offshore securities offerings.

The Regulations on Mergers of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors, or the M&A Rules, purport to require offshore special purpose vehicles that are controlled by PRC companies or individuals and that have been formed for the purpose of seeking a public listing on an overseas stock exchange through acquisitions of PRC domestic companies or assets to obtain CSRC approval prior to publicly listing their securities on an overseas stock exchange. The interpretation and application of the regulations remain unclear. If CSRC approval is required, it is uncertain whether we can or how long it will take us to obtain the approval and, even if we obtain such CSRC approval, the approval could be rescinded. Any failure to obtain or delay in obtaining CSRC approval for any of our offshore offerings, or a rescission of such approval we have obtained, would subject us to sanctions imposed by the CSRC or other PRC regulatory authorities, which could include fines and penalties on our operations in China, restrictions or limitations on our ability to pay dividends outside of China, and other forms of sanctions that may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Furthermore, numerous regulations, guidelines and other measures have been or are expected to be adopted under the umbrella of or in addition to the Cybersecurity Law, Data Security Law and Personal Information Protection Law, including (i) the Measures for the Security Assessment for Cross-border Transfer of Personal Information (Draft for Comments) published by the Cyberspace Administration of China, or CAC, in 2019, which may, upon enactment, require security review before transferring personal information out of China, (ii) the amended Cybersecurity Review Measures published on December 28, 2021, which came into effect on February 15, 2022, provide that a “network platform operator” that possesses personal information of more than one million users and seeks a listing in a foreign country must apply for a cybersecurity review, (iii) the Measures for the Security Assessment of Cross-border Data Transfer, which came into effect on September 1, 2022, provide that certain types of data processors transferring important data or personal information collected and generated during operations within the territory of the PRC to an overseas recipient must apply for security assessment of cross-border data transfer, and (iv) the Provisions on Promoting and Regulating Cross-border Data Flows, which came into effect on March 22, 2024, further clarifies the conditions under which data processors shall apply for security assessment for cross-border data transfer. As a network platform operator who possesses personal information of more than one million users for purposes of the Cybersecurity Review Measures, we had applied for and completed a cybersecurity review with respect to the listing of the ADSs on Nasdaq in November 2022 pursuant to the Cybersecurity Review Measures. We have been advised by our PRC legal advisor that this secondary offering is not subject to the cybersecurity review requirements under the Cybersecurity Review Measures.

On February 17, 2023, the CSRC, as approved by the State Council, released the CSRC Filing Rules, which came into effect on March 31, 2023. Under the CSRC Filing Rules, a filing-based regulatory system shall be applied to “indirect overseas offerings and listings” of PRC domestic companies. Pursuant to the CSRC Filing Rules, if the issuer meets either of the following conditions, its securities offerings and listing will be deemed as an “indirect overseas offering and listing by a PRC domestic company” and is therefore subject to the filing requirements: (i) any of the revenues, profits, total assets or net assets of the issuer’s Chinese operating entities in the most recent financial year accounts for more than 50% of the corresponding data in the issuer’s audited consolidated financial statements for the same period; and (ii) the key link of its business operations are conducted in mainland China or its principal place of business is located in the mainland China, or the majority of senior management in charge of business operations are Chinese citizens or have domicile in the PRC. The CSRC Filing Rules state that, any post-listing follow-on offering by an issuer in the same overseas market, including issuance of shares, convertible notes and

 

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other similar securities, shall be subject to filing requirement within three business days after the completion of the offering. Therefore, any of our future offerings and listings of our securities in an overseas market will be subject to the filing requirements under the CSRC Filing Rules. As this secondary offering is conducted by the Selling Shareholder, rather than by us, we have been advised by our PRC legal advisor that this secondary offering by the Selling Shareholder is not subject to any filing requirements under the CSRC Filing Rules. However, there can be no assurance that relevant PRC regulatory authorities, including the CSRC, would reach the same conclusion. If the CSRC disagrees with our view on the applicability of the CSRC Filing Rules to this secondary offering or if we fail to complete the filing procedures with the CSRC for any future overseas securities offering, we may face sanctions by the CSRC, which may include fines and penalties, limitations on our operating privileges in China, restrictions on or prohibition of the payments or remittance of dividends by our subsidiaries in China, restrictions on or delays to our future overseas securities offerings, or other actions that could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, reputation and prospects, as well as the trading price of the ADSs.

We believe, to the best of our knowledge, our business operations do not violate any of the above PRC laws and regulations currently in force in all material respects. Nevertheless, we cannot guarantee that new rules or regulations promulgated in the future will not impose any additional requirement on us. If there are any other approvals, filings and/or other administration procedures to be obtained from or completed with any other PRC regulatory agencies as required by any new laws and regulations for any of our future proposed offering of securities overseas or the listing of the ADSs, we cannot assure you that we can obtain the required approval or complete the required filings or other regulatory procedures in a timely manner, or at all. Any failure to obtain the relevant approvals or complete the filings and other relevant regulatory procedures may subject us to regulatory actions or other sanctions from such PRC regulatory agencies, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

You may face difficulties in protecting your interests, and your ability to protect your rights through U.S. courts may be limited, because we are incorporated under Cayman Islands law.

We are an exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Our corporate affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association, as amended from time to time, the Companies Act (As Revised) of the Cayman Islands and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The rights of shareholders to take action against our directors, actions by our minority shareholders and the fiduciary duties of our directors to us under Cayman Islands law are to a large extent governed by the common law of the Cayman Islands. The common law of the Cayman Islands is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the Cayman Islands as well as from the common law of England and Wales, the decisions of whose courts are of persuasive authority, but are not binding, on a court in the Cayman Islands. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary duties of our directors under Cayman Islands law may be narrower in scope or less developed than they would be under statutes or judicial precedent in some jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, the Cayman Islands has a less developed body of securities laws than the United States. Some U.S. states, such as Delaware, have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law than the Cayman Islands. In addition, Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action in a federal court of the United States. In addition, while under Delaware law, controlling shareholders owe fiduciary duties to the companies they control and their minority shareholders, under Cayman Islands law, our controlling shareholders do not owe any such fiduciary duties to our company or to our minority shareholders. Accordingly, our controlling shareholders may exercise their powers as shareholders, including the exercise of voting rights in respect of their shares, in such manner as they think fit, subject only to very limited equitable constraints. One of the examples of such constraint is that the exercise of voting rights to amend the memorandum or articles of association of a Cayman Islands company must be exercised in good faith for the benefit of the Company as a whole.

Shareholders of Cayman Islands exempted companies like us have no general rights under Cayman Islands law to inspect corporate records or to obtain register of members of these companies (other than the memorandum and articles of association, special resolutions which have been passed by shareholders and register of mortgages and charges) The Registrar of Companies of the Cayman Islands shall make available the list of the names of the current directors of these companies (and where applicable the current alternate directors of these companies) for inspection by any person upon payment of a fee by such person. Our

 

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directors have discretion under our articles of association to determine whether or not, and under what conditions, our corporate records may be inspected by our shareholders, but are not obliged to make them available to our shareholders.

This may make it more difficult for you to obtain the information needed to establish any facts necessary for a shareholder motion or to solicit proxies from other shareholders in connection with a proxy contest.

Certain corporate governance practices in the Cayman Islands, which is our home country, differ significantly from requirements for companies incorporated in other jurisdictions such as the United States. If we choose to follow home country practice, our shareholders may be afforded less protection than they otherwise would under rules and regulations applicable to U.S. domestic issuers.

As a result of all of the above, our public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by our management, members of the board of directors or controlling shareholders than they would as public shareholders of a company incorporated in the United States.

It may be difficult for overseas regulators to conduct investigations or collect evidence within China.

Shareholder claims that are common in the United States, including securities law class actions and fraud claims, generally are difficult to pursue as a matter of law or practicality in China. For example, in China, there are significant legal and other obstacles to obtaining information needed for shareholder investigations or litigation outside China or otherwise with respect to foreign entities. Although the local authorities in China may establish a regulatory cooperation mechanism with the securities regulatory authorities of another country or region to implement cross-border supervision and administration, such regulatory cooperation with the securities regulatory authorities in the Unities States have not been efficient in the absence of a mutual and practical cooperation mechanism. According to Article 177 of the PRC Securities Law which became effective in March 2020, no overseas securities regulator is allowed to directly conduct investigation or evidence collection activities within the territory of the PRC. While detailed interpretation of or implementation of rules under Article 177 have yet to be promulgated, the inability for an overseas securities regulator to directly conduct investigation or evidence collection activities within China may further increase difficulties faced by you in protecting your interests.

Certain judgments obtained against us by our shareholders may not be enforceable.

We are an exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands and substantially all of our assets are located outside of the United States. All of our current operations are conducted in China. In addition, most of our current directors and officers are nationals and residents of countries other than the United States. Substantially all of the assets of these persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for you to bring an action against us or against these individuals in the United States in the event that you believe that your rights have been infringed under the U.S. federal securities laws or otherwise. Even if you are successful in bringing an action of this kind, the laws of the Cayman Islands and of China may render you unable to enforce a judgment against our assets or the assets of our directors and officers. However, the deposit agreement gives you the right to submit claims against us to binding arbitration, and arbitration awards may be enforceable against us and our assets in China even when court judgments are not.

ADS holders may not be entitled to a jury trial with respect to claims arising under the deposit agreement, which could result in less favorable outcomes to the plaintiff(s) in any such action.

The deposit agreement governing the ADSs representing our Class A ordinary shares provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, ADS holders waive the right to a jury trial for any claim they may have against us or the depositary arising out of or relating to our shares, the ADSs or the deposit agreement, including any claim under the U.S. federal securities laws.

If we or the depositary were to oppose a jury trial based on this waiver, the court would have to determine whether the waiver was enforceable based on the facts and circumstances of the case in accordance with applicable state and federal law. To our knowledge, the enforceability of a contractual pre-dispute jury

 

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trial waiver in connection with claims arising under the federal securities laws has not been finally adjudicated by the United States Supreme Court. However, we believe that a contractual pre-dispute jury trial waiver provision is generally enforceable, including under the laws of the State of New York, which govern the deposit agreement, or by a federal or state court in the State of New York, which has nonexclusive jurisdiction over matters arising under the deposit agreement. In determining whether to enforce a contractual pre- dispute jury trial waiver, courts will generally consider whether a party knowingly, intelligently and voluntarily waived the right to a jury trial. We believe that this would be the case with respect to the deposit agreement and the ADSs. It is advisable that you consult legal counsel regarding the jury waiver provision before investing in the ADSs.

If you or any other owners or holders of ADSs bring a claim against us or the depositary in connection with matters arising under the deposit agreement or the ADSs, including claims under federal securities laws, you or such other owners or holders may not be entitled to a jury trial with respect to such claims, which may have the effect of limiting and discouraging lawsuits against us or the depositary. If a lawsuit is brought against us or the depositary under the deposit agreement, it may be heard only by a judge or justice of the applicable trial court, which would be conducted according to different civil procedures and may result in different outcomes than a trial by jury would have, including outcomes that could be less favorable to the plaintiff(s) in any such action.

Nevertheless, if this jury trial waiver is not permitted by applicable law, an action could proceed under the terms of the deposit agreement with a jury trial. No condition, stipulation or provision of the deposit agreement or the ADSs serves as a waiver by any owner or holder of ADSs or by us or the depositary of compliance with any substantive provision of the U.S. federal securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

The voting rights of holders of ADSs are limited by the terms of the deposit agreement, and you may not be able to exercise your right to direct the voting of the Class A ordinary shares represented by your ADSs.

As an exempted company with limited liability incorporated in the Cayman Islands, we are not obliged by the Companies Act (As Revised) to call shareholders’ annual general meetings. Our Ninth Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association provide that we may (but are not obliged to) each year hold a general meeting as our annual general meeting. As a holder of ADSs, you will not have any direct right to attend general meetings of our company or to cast any votes at such meetings. You will only be able to exercise the voting rights which attach to the Class A ordinary shares represented by your ADSs indirectly by giving voting instructions to the depositary in accordance with the provisions of the deposit agreement. Under the deposit agreement, you may vote only by giving voting instructions to the depositary, as holder of the Class A ordinary shares represented by your ADSs. Upon receipt of your voting instructions, the depositary may try to vote the Class A ordinary shares represented by your ADSs in accordance with your instructions. If we ask for your instructions, then upon receipt of your voting instructions, the depositary will try to vote the underlying Class A ordinary shares in accordance with those instructions. If we do not instruct the depositary to ask for your instructions, the depositary may still vote in accordance with instructions you give, but it is not required to do so. You will not be able to directly exercise any right to vote with respect to the underlying Class A ordinary shares unless you cancel the ADSs and withdraw the Class A ordinary shares and become the registered holder of such shares prior to the record date for the general meeting. When a general meeting is convened, you may not receive sufficient advance notice of the meeting to enable you to withdraw the shares represented by your ADSs and become the registered holder of such shares prior to the record date for the general meeting to allow you to attend the general meeting and to vote directly with respect to any specific matter or resolution to be considered and voted upon at the general meeting. In addition, under our amended and restated articles of association, for the purposes of determining those shareholders who are entitled to attend and vote at any general meeting, our directors may close our register of members and/or fix in advance a record date for such meeting, and such closure of our register of members or the setting of such a record date may prevent you from withdrawing the Class A ordinary shares represented by your ADSs and becoming the registered holder of such shares prior to the record date, so that you would not be able to attend the general meeting or to vote directly. Where any matter is to be put to a vote at a general meeting, the depositary will notify you of the upcoming vote and deliver our voting materials to you, if we ask it to. We cannot assure you that you will receive the voting materials in time to ensure you can direct the depositary to vote the Class A ordinary shares represented

 

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by your ADSs. In addition, the depositary and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for their manner of carrying out your voting instructions. This means that you may not be able to exercise your right to direct how the shares represented by your ADSs are voted and you may have no legal remedy if the shares represented by your ADSs are not voted as you requested.

You may be subject to limitations on the transfer of the ADSs.

The ADSs are transferable on the books of the depositary. However, the depositary may close its books at any time or from time to time when it deems it expedient in connection with the performance of its duties and in emergencies, and on weekends and public holidays. The depositary may refuse to deliver, transfer or register transfers of the ADSs generally when our share register or the books of the depositary are closed, or at any time if we or the depositary thinks it is advisable to do so because of any requirement of law or of any government or governmental body, or under any provision of the deposit agreement, or for any other reason.

We are a foreign private issuer within the meaning of the rules under the Exchange Act, and as such we are exempt from certain provisions applicable to U.S. domestic public companies.

Because we qualify as a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act, we are exempt from certain provisions of the securities rules and regulations in the United States that are applicable to U.S. domestic issuers, including:

•

the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the SEC of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, quarterly certifications by the principal executive and financial officers or current reports on Form 8-K;

​

•

the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act;

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the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their stock ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time; and

​

•

the selective disclosure rules by issuers of material nonpublic information under Regulation FD.

​

We will be required to file an annual report on Form 20-F within four months of the end of each fiscal year. In addition, we intend to publish our results on a quarterly basis as press releases, distributed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Nasdaq. Press releases relating to financial results and material events will also be furnished to the SEC on Form 6-K. However, the information we are required to file with or furnish to the SEC will be less extensive and less timely compared to that required to be filed with the SEC by U.S. domestic issuers. For example, U.S. domestic issuers are required to file annual reports within 60 to 90 days from the end of each fiscal year. As a result, you may not be afforded the same protections or information that would be made available to you were you investing in a U.S. domestic issuer.

As an exempted company with limited liability incorporated in the Cayman Islands, we are permitted to adopt certain home country practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from the Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards. These practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if we complied fully with the Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards.

As an exempted company with limited liability incorporated in the Cayman Islands and listed on the Nasdaq, we are subject to corporate governance listing standards of Nasdaq. However, Nasdaq rules permit a foreign private issuer like us to follow the corporate governance practices of its home country. Certain corporate governance practices in the Cayman Islands, which is our home country, may differ significantly from the Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards. We currently intend to follow Cayman Islands corporate governance practices in lieu of the corporate governance requirements of the Nasdaq that listed companies must have: (i) a majority of independent directors; (ii) a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors; and (iii) a majority of independent directors and that the audit committee consist of at least three members. To the extent that we choose to follow home

 

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country practice in the future, our shareholders may be afforded less protection than they otherwise would enjoy under Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards applicable to U.S. domestic issuers.

There can be no assurance that we will not be a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for the current or any future taxable year, which could result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. investors in the ADSs or our Class A ordinary shares.

In general, a non-U.S. corporation is a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year in which (i) 75% or more of its gross income consists of passive income or (ii) 50% or more of the average value of its assets (generally determined on an average quarterly basis) consists of assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income. For purposes of these calculations, a non-U.S. corporation that owns, directly or indirectly, at least 25% by value of the shares of another corporation is treated as if it held its proportionate share of the assets of the other corporation and received directly its proportionate share of the income of the other corporation. Passive income generally includes dividends, interest, rents, royalties (other than certain royalties derived in an active business), and certain investment gains. Cash is generally a passive asset for these purposes. Goodwill and certain other intangibles (the value of which may be determined by reference to the excess of the sum of the corporation’s market capitalization and liabilities over the value of its assets) are generally characterized as active assets to the extent associated with business activities that produce active income.

Based on the manner in which we currently conduct our business, the composition of our income and assets and the estimated value of our assets (including goodwill and certain other intangibles), we do not expect to be a PFIC for our 2024 taxable year. However, our PFIC status for any taxable year is an annual factual determination that can be made only after the end of that year and depends on the composition of our income and assets and the average value of our assets from time to time, including the value of our goodwill and certain other intangibles (which may be determined, in part, by reference to our market capitalization, which could be volatile). Therefore, we may be or become a PFIC for any taxable year if our market capitalization declines while we hold a substantial amount of cash and financial investments. In addition, if in the future we change the type of services we provide with respect to our franchised hotels, our PFIC status for any taxable year may depend on whether and to what extent our income from franchised hotels will be treated as derived in the active conduct of a trade or business within the meaning of applicable Treasury regulations. Because of these uncertainties, there can be no assurance that we will not be a PFIC for our current or any future taxable year.

If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. taxpayer owns ADSs or Class A ordinary shares, the U.S. taxpayer generally will be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences, including increased tax liability on disposition gains and “excess distributions” ​(subject to alternative treatment if the U.S. taxpayer is able to, and makes, a valid mark-to-market election) and additional reporting requirements. See “Taxation — Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations — Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules.”

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

The Selling Shareholder expects to receive gross proceeds from this secondary offering of approximately US$       million, without deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by the Selling Shareholder and assuming the underwriters do not exercise the option to purchase additional ADSs. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the offering of ADSs by the Selling Shareholder.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following information in conjunction with “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” in our 2023 Annual Report, and our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes to our 2023 Annual Report, as well as our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2024 and the related notes included in our current report on Form 6-K furnished with the SEC on June 10, 2024.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated results of operations, both in absolute amount and as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated. This information should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes. The period-to-period comparison of operating results should not be relied upon as being indicative of our future performance.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement our consolidated financial results presented in accordance with U.S. Generally-Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), we use the following non-GAAP financial measures: (i) adjusted net income, which is defined as net income excluding share-based compensation expenses; (ii) EBITDA, which is defined as earnings before interest expense, interest income, income tax expense and depreciation and amortization; and (iii) adjusted EBITDA, which is defined as EBITDA excluding share-based

 

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compensation expenses. The presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for financial information prepared and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

We believe that EBITDA is widely used by other companies in the hospitality industry and may be used by investors as a measure of financial performance. Given the significant investments that we have made in leasehold improvements and other fixed assets of leased hotels, depreciation and amortization expense comprises a significant portion of our cost structure. We believe that EBITDA will provide investors with a useful tool for comparability between periods because it eliminates depreciation and amortization expense attributable to capital expenditures.

Additionally, we believe that adjusted net income and adjusted EBITDA will provide meaningful supplemental information to investors as such measures can assist investors to better understand our performance and compare business trends since share-based compensation is non-cash in nature.

We believe that both management and investors benefit from reviewing these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our performance and when planning and forecasting future periods. These non-GAAP financial measures also facilitate management’s internal comparisons to our historical performance. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures are also useful to investors in providing greater transparency with respect to information used regularly by our management in financial and operational decision-making.

The use of these non-GAAP financial measures has certain limitations as the excluded items have been and will be incurred and are not reflected in the presentation of these non-GAAP measures. Each of these items should also be considered in the overall evaluation of our results. We compensate for these limitations by providing reconciliations of the relevant non-GAAP financial measures to the U.S. GAAP financial measures and in our consolidated financial statements, all of which should be considered when evaluating our performance.

In addition, these measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures utilized by other companies since such other companies may not calculate these measures in the same manner as we do.

A reconciliation of net income which is the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure to (i) adjusted net income (non-GAAP), (ii) EBITDA (non-GAAP), and (iii) adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP), is provided below:

 

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(1)

The share-based compensation expenses were recorded at entities in PRC. Share-based compensation expenses were non-deductible expenses in PRC. Therefore, there is no tax impact for share-based compensation expenses adjustment for non-GAAP financial measures.

​

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

Net revenues.   Our net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased by 89.7% to RMB1,468.3 million (US$203.4 million) from RMB773.9 million during the same period of 2023, mainly driven by the growth in both our manachised hotel and retail businesses.

•

Manachised hotels.   Revenues from our manachised hotels for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased by 87.1% to RMB836.1 million (US$115.8 million) from RMB446.8 million during the same period in 2023. This increase was primarily driven by the ongoing expansion of our hotel network. The total number of our manachised hotels increased from 935 as of March 31, 2023 to 1,271 as of March 31, 2024. Additionally, the rapid growth in hotel supply purchases from us, driven by a versatile product portfolio and compelling services enabled by our enhanced supply chain capabilities, also contributed to the increase in our manachised hotel revenues. RevPar of our manachised hotels decreased slightly to RMB324 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, from RMB331 for the same period of 2023, primarily due to macroeconomic uncertainties and the changing mix of new manachised hotels in their ramp-up periods.

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•

Leased hotels.   Revenues from our leased hotels for the three months ended March 31, 2024 decreased by 10.3% to RMB168.0 million (US$23.3 million) from RMB187.3 million during the same period in 2023. This decrease was primarily due to the impact from the renovation of one leased hotel and the decrease in RevPAR. For similar reasons resulting in the movement of RevPar of our manachised hotels, RevPAR of our leased hotels was RMB455 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared with RMB464 for the same period of 2023.

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•

Retail.   Revenues from retail for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased by 268.9% to RMB416.6 million (US$57.7 million) from RMB112.9 million during the same period in 2023. This significant increase was driven by the widespread recognition of our retail brands and compelling product offerings, as well as our improved product development and distribution capabilities.

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Others.   Other revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased by 76.8% to RMB47.5 million (US$6.6 million) from RMB26.9 million for the same period of 2023. This increase was driven by the fast-growing membership business.

​

Operating Costs and Expenses.   Our operating costs and expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were RMB1,153.6 million (US$159.8 million) (including share-based compensation expenses of RMB3.1 million (US$0.4 million)), compared with RMB719.3 million (including share-based compensation expenses of RMB141.6 million) during the same period in 2023.

•

Hotel operating costs.   Our hotel operating costs account for a substantial majority of our total operating costs and expenses, which consist of costs and expenses directly attributable to the operation of our manachised and leased hotels.

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Our hotel operating costs for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased by 73.5% to RMB662.2 million (US$91.7 million) from RMB381.6 million during the same period in 2023. The increase was mainly due to the increase in variable costs, such as supply chain costs, associated with the continued growth of our hotel business. Hotel operating costs accounted for 65.9% of manachised and leased hotels’ revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared with 60.2% for the same period of 2023. The increase was attributable to the decreased RevPAR of our manachised and leased hotels and a higher proportion of revenue from hotel supply sales, which typically have lower margins.

•

Retail Costs.   Our retail costs for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were RMB206.1 million (US$28.5 million), compared with RMB61.5 million for the same period of 2023. The increase was associated with the rapid growth of our retail business. Retail costs accounted for 49.5% of retail revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared with 54.5% for the same period of 2023. The decrease was attributable to an increasing contribution from higher-margin online sales.

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•

Other operating costs.   Our other operating costs for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was RMB9.8 million (US$1.4 million), which remained relatively stable compared with RMB10.1 million during the same period in 2023.

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•

Selling and marketing expenses.   Our selling and marketing for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased by 211.9% to RMB174.7 million (US$24.2 million) from RMB56.0 million during the same period in 2023. This increase was primarily driven by enhanced branding investments and effective online channel development, alongside the growth of our retail business. As a result, selling and marketing expenses accounted for 11.9% of net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared with 7.2% for the same period of 2023.

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General and administrative expenses.   Our general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were RMB76.7 million (US$10.6 million) (including RMB3.0 million share-based compensation expenses), compared with RMB193.2 million (including RMB141.4 million share-based compensation expenses) for the same period of 2023. Excluding the impact from share-based compensation expenses, this increase was primarily due to the increase in labor costs. General and administrative expenses, excluding the share-based compensation expenses, accounted for 5.0% of net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared with 6.7% for the same period of 2023, attributed primarily to enhanced economies of scale and operational efficiency.

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•

Technology and development expenses.   Our technology and development expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were RMB24.2 million (US$3.3 million), compared to RMB16.8 million during the same period in 2023. The increase was mainly attributable to our increased investments in technology systems and infrastructure to support our expanding hotel network and retail business as well as improve the customer experience. Technology and development expenses accounted for 1.6% of net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared with 2.2% for the same period of 2023.

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Other operating income (net).   Our other operating income (net) primarily consists of income from government subsidies and value-added tax related benefits. Our other operating income (net) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased by 38.4% to RMB10.0 million (US$1.4 million) from RMB7.2 million during the same period in 2023.

Income from operations.   As a result of the foregoing, we had income from operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 of RMB324.7 million (US$45.0 million), compared with income from operations of RMB61.9 million during the same period in 2023.

Interest income.   Our interest income consists primarily of interest from our bank deposits. Our interest income increased to RMB13.5 million (US$1.9 million) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from RMB4.8 million during the same period in 2023, due to increased cash at bank in line with our business expansion and revenue growth.

Gain from short-term investments.   Our gain from short-term investments increased to RMB9.6 million (US$1.3 million) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from RMB5.4 million during the same period in 2023, due to increased short-term investments made in line with our business expansion and revenue growth.

 

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Interest expense.   Our interest expense consists primarily of interests related to our borrowings. Our interest expense decreased to RMB0.7 million (US$93 thousand) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from RMB1.9 million during the same period in 2023, primarily due to the decreased balance of borrowings.

Income tax expense.   Our income tax expenses increased to RMB88.9 million (US$12.3 million) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from RMB52.6 million during the same period in 2023.

Net income.   As a result of the foregoing, compared to net income of RMB18.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, we had net income of RMB257.7 million (US$35.7 million) for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of liquidity come from cash generated from operating activities, equity financing and bank loans. As of March 31, 2024, we had RMB3.0 billion (US$422.2 million) in cash and cash equivalents. Our cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and liquid investments which have maturities of three months or less when acquired and are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use.

We expect to incur additional capital expenditures in connection with leasehold improvements of our leased hotels. We intend to fund our expansions mainly with our operating cash flow and our cash balance, credit facilities provided by banks, as well as net proceeds received from our initial public offering in November 2022. We believe that our current cash and anticipated cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs, including our cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures, for at least the next 12 months.

We intend to finance our future working capital requirements and capital expenditures with anticipated cash generated from operating activities and funds raised from financing activities. However, we may not be able to obtain additional financing on terms favorable to us, if at all. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing or financing on terms satisfactory to us when we require it, our ability to continue to execute our growth strategies and scale our business could be significantly impaired, and our business, operating results and financial condition may be adversely affected. See “Item 3. Key Information — 3.D. Risk Factors — Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business and Industry — We require significant capital to fund our operations, growth and technological investments. If we cannot obtain sufficient capital on acceptable terms, our business, financial condition and prospects may suffer” in the 2023 Annual Report.

The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated:

Operating Activities

Our net cash generated from operating activities decreased to RMB143.2 million (US$19.8 million) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from RMB361.7 million during the same period in 2023. The

 

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movement of our net cash generated from operating activities over the period was primarily affected by our bill collection and payment settlement cycles.

Investing Activities

Our net cash generated from investing activities was RMB37.0 million (US$5.1 million) for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared with net cash used in investing activities of RMB13.5 million during the same period in 2023, primarily due to increase in proceeds from maturities of short-term investments.

Financing Activities

Our net cash generated from financing activities decreased to RMB20.0 million (US$2.8 million) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from RMB39.0 million during the same period in 2023, primarily due to decrease in proceeds from borrowings.

Working Capital

We recorded net current assets (current assets less current liabilities) of RMB777.0 million, RMB1,863.7 million and RMB2,141.1 million (US$296.5 million) as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 and March 31, 2024, respectively. As of March 31, 2024, we recorded total current assets of RMB4,435.8 million (US$614.4 million) and total current liabilities of RMB2,294.8 million (US$317.8 million). In addition, we had cash and cash equivalents of RMB3,048.4 million (US$422.2 million) as of March 31, 2024. The following table sets forth a breakdown of our current assets and current liabilities as of the dates indicated.

 

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Our net current assets increased to RMB2,141.1 million (US$296.5 million) as of March 31, 2024 from RMB1,863.7 million as of December 31, 2023, primarily due to the increase in cash and cash equivalents. For a more detailed discussion of our cash position as well as material changes in the various working capital items, see “— Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

Material Cash Requirements

Our material cash requirements as of March 31, 2024 and any subsequent interim period primarily include our working capital and operating expenditure needs, capital expenditures, contractual obligations and outstanding indebtedness.

Other than the capital expenditures, contractual obligations and capital commitment, as discussed below, we did not have any significant capital and other commitments, long-term obligations or guarantees as of March 31, 2024.

Capital Expenditures

Our capital expenditures were incurred primarily in connection with leasehold improvements, investments in furniture, fixtures and equipment and technology, information and operational software. Our capital expenditures decreased to RMB12.6 million (US$1.7 million) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from RMB17.6 million during the same period in 2023. We will continue to make capital expenditures to meet the expected growth of our operations and expect cash generated from our operating activities and financing activities will continue to meet our capital expenditure needs in the foreseeable future.

Contractual Obligations

The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of March 31, 2024.

Our operating lease obligations are primarily related to our obligations under lease agreements with lessors of business offices and leased hotels.

Outstanding Indebtedness

As of March 31, 2024, we had several customary credit facilities with major merchant banks in China under which we could borrow up to RMB510 million during the term of the facilities with maturity dates ranging from August 2024 to March 2025.

As of March 31, 2024, we had outstanding bank loans in an aggregate amount of RMB90 million with weighted average interest rate of 3.2% per annum. As of March 31, 2024, the unutilized credit facility available was RMB420 million.

Capital Commitments

As of March 31, 2024, our commitments related to leasehold improvements and installation of equipment for hotel operations was RMB7.6 million, which is expected to be incurred within one year.

Off-Balance Sheet Commitments and Arrangements

Other than operating lease obligations set forth in the table under the caption “Contractual Obligations” above, we have not entered into any material financial guarantees or other commitments to guarantee the payment obligations of any third parties. In addition, we have not entered into any derivative contracts that are indexed to our shares and classified as shareholders’ equity or that are not reflected in our consolidated financial statements. Furthermore, we do not have any retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to

 

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an unconsolidated entity that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to such entity. We do not have any variable interest in any unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit support to us or engages in leasing, hedging or research and development services with us.

Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15 (f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in the United States of America and includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of our company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of our company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of the unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our company’s assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risks that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

As required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related rules as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission, our management including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer assessed the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 using the criteria set forth in the report “Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013)” published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2023.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL

We are a Cayman Island exempted company and our affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association, as amended and restated from time to time, and Companies Act (As Revised) of the Cayman Islands, (the “Companies Act”), and the common law of the Cayman Islands.

Our share capital is divided into ordinary shares. In respect of all of our ordinary shares we have power insofar as is permitted by law, to redeem or purchase any of our shares and to increase or reduce the share capital subject to the provisions of the Companies Act and the articles of association and to issue any shares, whether such shares be of the original, redeemed or increased capital, with or without any preference, priority or special privilege or subject to any postponement of rights or to any conditions or restrictions and so that unless the conditions of issue shall otherwise expressly declare every issue of shares whether declared to be preference or otherwise shall be subject to the powers under our memorandum and articles of association.

As of the date of this prospectus supplement, our authorized share capital consists of US$300,000 divided into 3,000,000,000 ordinary shares of par value US$0.0001 each, consisting of 2,900,000,000 Class A ordinary shares and 100,000,000 Class B ordinary shares of par value of US$0.0001 each. As of March 31, 2024, there are 339,104,792 Class A ordinary shares (excluding 5,353,776 Class A ordinary shares issued to our depositary bank for bulk issuance of ADSs reserved for future share issuances upon the exercise or vesting of equity awards under our Public Company Plan) and 73,680,917 Class B ordinary shares issued and outstanding. All of our shares issued and outstanding are fully paid.

The following are summaries of material provisions of our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and the Companies Act insofar as they relate to the material terms of our ordinary shares.

Ordinary Shares

General.   Immediately prior to the completion of this secondary offering, our authorized share capital is US$300,000 divided into 2,900,000,000 Class A ordinary shares and 100,000,000 Class B ordinary shares, with a par value of US$0.0001 each. Holders of ordinary shares will have the same rights except for voting and conversion rights. All of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares are non-assessable. Certificates representing the ordinary shares are issued in registered form. We may not issue share to bearer. Our shareholders who are non-resident of the Cayman Islands may freely hold and transfer their ordinary shares.

Immediately following the completion of this secondary offering, the holder of Class B ordinary shares will continue to control the outcome of a shareholder vote (i) with respect to matters requiring an ordinary resolution which requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority of shareholder votes, to the extent that the Class B ordinary shares represent at least 9.1% of our total issued and outstanding share capital; and (ii) with respect to matters requiring a special resolution which requires the affirmative vote of no less than two-thirds of shareholder votes, to the extent that the Class B ordinary shares represent at least 16.7% of our total issued and outstanding share capital. The holder of Class B ordinary shares may take actions that are not in the best interest of us or our other shareholders or holders of the ADSs. It may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company, which could have the effect of depriving our other shareholders of the opportunity to receive a premium for their shares as part of a sale of our company and may reduce the price of the ADSs. This concentrated control will limit your ability to influence corporate matters and could discourage others from pursuing any potential merger, takeover or other change of control transactions that holders of Class A ordinary shares and ADSs may view as beneficial.

Future issuances of our Class B or Class A ordinary shares, which can be approved by our board of directors, could result in dilution to existing holders of our Class A ordinary shares. Such issuances, or the perception that such issuances may occur, could depress the market price of the ADSs. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to The ADSs and This Secondary Offering — Our dual-class voting structure will limit your ability to influence corporate matters and could discourage others from pursuing any change of control transactions that holders of our Class A ordinary shares and the ADSs may view as beneficial.”

 

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Conversion.   Each Class B ordinary share is convertible into one Class A ordinary share at any time by the holder thereof. Class A ordinary shares are not convertible into Class B ordinary shares under any circumstances. Upon any sale, transfer, assignment, disposition, or a change of ultimate beneficial ownership of Class B ordinary shares by a holder thereof to any person who is not an Affiliate (as defined in our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association) of the holders of such ordinary shares, such Class B ordinary shares shall be automatically and immediately converted into the same number of Class A ordinary shares.

Dividends.   The holders of our ordinary shares are entitled to such dividends as may be declared by our board of directors subject to our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and the Companies Act. Our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that dividends may be declared and paid out of our profits, realized or unrealized, or from any reserve set aside from profits which our board of directors determine is no longer needed. Dividends may also be declared and paid out of share premium account or any other fund or account which can be authorized for this purpose in accordance with the Companies Act. No dividend may be declared and paid unless our directors determine that, immediately after the payment, we will be able to pay our debts as they become due in the ordinary course of business and we have funds lawfully available for such purpose.

Voting Rights; Meeting of Shareholders.   In respect of all matters subject to a shareholders’ vote, each holder of Class A ordinary shares is entitled to one vote per share and each holder of Class B ordinary shares is entitled to ten votes per share on all matters subject to vote at our general meetings. Holders of Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares shall, at all times, vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote by the members at any such general meeting. Voting at any meeting of shareholders is by a poll and not a show of hands.

A quorum required for a meeting of shareholders consists of shareholders holding a majority of the votes attaching to the issued and outstanding shares entitled to vote at general meetings present in person or by proxy or, if a corporate or other non-natural person, by its duly authorized representative. As a Cayman Islands exempted company, we are not obliged by the Companies Act to call shareholders’ annual general meetings. Our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that we may (but are not obliged to) in each year hold a general meeting as our annual general meeting in which case we will specify the meeting as such in the notices calling it, and the annual general meeting will be held at such time and place as may be determined by our directors. We, however, will hold an annual shareholders’ meeting during each fiscal year, as required by the Listing Rules at the Nasdaq. Each general meeting, other than an annual general meeting, shall be an extraordinary general meeting. Shareholders’ annual general meetings and any other general meetings of our shareholders may be called by a majority of our board of directors or our chairman or upon a requisition of shareholders holding at the date of deposit of the requisition not less than one-third of the votes attaching to the issued and outstanding shares entitled to vote at general meetings, in which case the directors are obliged to call such meeting and to put the resolutions so requisitioned to a vote at such meeting; however, our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association do not provide our shareholders with any right to put any proposals before annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings not called by such shareholders. Advance notice of at least seven (7) business days is required for the convening of our annual general meeting and other general meetings unless such notice is waived in accordance with our articles of association.

An ordinary resolution to be passed at a meeting by the shareholders requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the votes attaching to the ordinary shares cast by those shareholders entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at a general meeting, while a special resolution also requires the affirmative vote of no less than two-thirds of the votes attaching to the ordinary shares cast by those shareholders entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at a general meeting. A special resolution will be required for important matters such as a change of name or making changes to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.

Transfer of Ordinary Shares.   Subject to the restrictions in our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association as set out below, any of our shareholders may transfer all or any of his or her ordinary shares by an instrument of transfer in the usual or common form or any other form approved by our board of directors.

 

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Our board of directors may, in its absolute discretion, decline to register any transfer of any ordinary share which is not fully paid up or on which we have a lien. Our board of directors may also decline to register any transfer of any ordinary share unless:

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the instrument of transfer is lodged with us, accompanied by the certificate for the ordinary shares to which it relates and such other evidence as our board of directors may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer;

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the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of shares;

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the instrument of transfer is properly stamped, if required;

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in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the ordinary share is to be transferred does not exceed four;

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the shares are free from any lien in favor of the Company; and

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a fee of such maximum sum as the Nasdaq may determine to be payable or such lesser sum as our directors may from time to time require is paid to us in respect thereof.

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If our directors refuse to register a transfer they shall, within five business days of such refusal, notify the transferee and provide a detailed explanation of the reason therefor.

The registration of transfers may, after compliance with any notice required of the Nasdaq, be suspended and the register closed at such times and for such periods as our board of directors may from time to time determine, provided, however, that the registration of transfers shall not be suspended nor the register closed for 30 more than days in any year as our board may determine.

Liquidation.   On winding up, if the assets available for distribution amongst our shareholders shall be more than sufficient to repay the whole of the share capital at the commencement of the winding up, the surplus shall be distributed amongst our shareholders in proportion to the par value of the shares held by them at the commencement of the winding up, subject to a deduction from those shares in respect of which there are monies due, of all monies payable to our company for unpaid calls or otherwise. If our assets available for distribution are insufficient to repay all of the paid-up capital, the assets will be distributed so that the losses are borne by our shareholders in proportion to the par value of the shares held by them. Any distribution of assets or capital to a holder of ordinary share will be the same in any liquidation event.

Calls on Ordinary Shares and Forfeiture of Ordinary Shares.   Our board of directors may from time to time make calls upon shareholders for any amounts unpaid on their ordinary shares in a notice served to such shareholders at least 14 days prior to the specified time of payment. The ordinary shares that have been called upon and remain unpaid are subject to forfeiture.

Redemption, Repurchase and Surrender of Ordinary Shares.   We may issue shares on terms that such shares are subject to redemption, at our option or at the option of the holders thereof, on such terms and in such manner as may be determined, before the issue of such shares, by our board of directors. Our company may also repurchase any of our shares provided that the manner and terms of such purchase have been approved by our board of directors, or are otherwise authorized by our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association. Under the Companies Act, the redemption or repurchase of any share may be paid out of our company’s profits or out of the proceeds of a fresh issue of shares made for the purpose of such redemption or repurchase, or out of capital (including share premium account and capital redemption reserve) if the company can, immediately following such payment, pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. In addition, under the Companies Act no such share may be redeemed or repurchased (i) unless it is fully paid up, (ii) if such redemption or repurchase would result in there being no shares outstanding, or (iii) if the company has commenced liquidation. In addition, our company may accept the surrender of any fully paid share for no consideration.

Variations of Rights of Shares.   If at any time our share capital is divided into different classes or series of shares, the rights attached to any class or series of shares (unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class or series), whether or not our company is being wound-up, may be varied with the consent in writing of the holders of not less than a majority of the issued shares of that class or series or with the sanction of a special resolution at a separate meeting of the holders of the shares of the class

 

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or series. The rights conferred upon the holders of the shares of any class issued shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class, be deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further shares ranking pari passu with such existing class of shares.

Inspection of Books and Records.   Holders of our ordinary shares have no general right under Cayman Islands law to inspect our corporate records or obtain copies of our register of members (other than the memorandum and articles of association, special resolutions which have been passed by our shareholders and our register of mortgages and charges). Under Cayman Islands law, the names of our current directors can be obtained from a search conducted at the Registrar of Companies in the Cayman Islands. However, we will provide our shareholders with annual audited financial statements. See “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”

Issuance of Additional Shares.   Our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association authorizes our board of directors to issue additional ordinary shares from time to time as our board of directors shall determine, to the extent of available authorized but unissued shares.

Our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association also authorizes our board of directors to establish from time to time one or more series of preferred shares and to determine, with respect to any series of preferred shares, the terms and rights of that series, including:

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the designation of the series;

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the number of shares of the series;

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the dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights; and

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the rights and terms of redemption and liquidation preferences.

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Our board of directors may issue preferred shares without action by our shareholders to the extent authorized but unissued. Issuance of these shares may dilute the voting power of holders of ordinary shares.

Anti-Takeover Provisions.   Some provisions of our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association may discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our company or management that shareholders may consider favorable, including provisions that authorize our board of directors to issue preferred shares in one or more series and to designate the price, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of such preferred shares without any further vote or action by our shareholders or limit the ability of shareholders to requisition and convene general meetings of shareholders.

However, under Cayman Islands law, our directors may only exercise the rights and powers granted to them under our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association for a proper purpose and for what they believe in good faith to be in the best interests of our company.

Exempted Company.   We are an exempted company with limited liability under the Companies Act.

The Companies Act distinguishes between ordinary resident companies and exempted companies. Any company that is registered in the Cayman Islands but conducts business mainly outside of the Cayman Islands may apply to be registered as an exempted company. The requirements for an exempted company are essentially the same as for an ordinary company except that an exempted company:

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does not have to file an annual return of its shareholders with the Registrar of Companies;

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is not required to open its register of members for inspection;

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does not have to hold an annual general meeting;

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may issue shares or shares with no par value;

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may obtain an undertaking against the imposition of any future taxation (such undertakings are usually given for 30 years in the first instance);

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may register by way of continuation in another jurisdiction and be deregistered in the Cayman Islands;

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•

may register as a limited duration company; and

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may register as a segregated portfolio company.

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“Limited liability” means that the liability of each shareholder is limited to the amount unpaid by the shareholder on that shareholder’s shares of the company (except in exceptional circumstances, such as involving fraud, the establishment of an agency relationship or an illegal or improper purpose or other circumstances in which a court may be prepared to pierce or lift the corporate veil).

Exclusive Forum.   Without limiting the jurisdiction of the Cayman courts to hear, settle and/or determine disputes related to our company, the courts of the Cayman Islands shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of our company, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, or other employee of our company to our company or the members, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Companies Act or our articles of association including but not limited to any purchase or acquisition of shares, security, or guarantee provided in consideration thereof, or (iv) any action asserting a claim against our company which if brought in the United States of America would be a claim arising under the internal affairs doctrine (as such concept is recognized under the laws of the United States from time to time).

Unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, federal courts of the United States of America shall have exclusive jurisdiction within the United States for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising out of or relating in any way to the federal securities laws of the United States, including those arising from the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, regardless of whether such legal suit, action, or proceeding also involves parties other than our company. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any share or other securities in our company shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of our articles of association.

Register of Members

Under the Companies Act, we must keep a register of members and there should be entered therein:

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the names and addresses of our members, together with a statement of the shares held by each member, and such statement shall confirm (i) the amount paid or agreed to be considered as paid, on the shares of each member, (ii) the number and category of shares held by each member, and (iii) whether each relevant category of shares held by a member carries voting rights under the articles of association of our company, and if so, whether such voting rights are conditional;

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the date on which the name of any person was entered on the register as a member; and

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the date on which any person ceased to be a member.

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Under the Companies Act, the register of members of our company is prima facie evidence of the matters set out therein (that is, the register of members will raise a presumption of fact on the matters referred to above unless rebutted) and a member registered in the register of members is deemed as a matter of the Companies Act to have legal title to the shares as set against its name in the register of members. In connection with this secondary offering, we will perform the procedure necessary to immediately update the register of members to record and give effect to the delivery of shares by the Selling Shareholder to the Depositary (or its nominee) as the depositary. Once our register of members has been updated, the shareholders recorded in the register of members will be deemed to have legal title to the shares set against their name. If the name of any person is incorrectly entered in or omitted from our register of members, or if there is any default or unnecessary delay in entering on the register the fact of any person having ceased to be a member of our company, the person or member aggrieved (or any member of our company or our company itself) may apply to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands for an order that the register be rectified, and the Court may either refuse such application or it may, if satisfied of the justice of the case, make an order for the rectification of the register.

Differences in Corporate Law

The Companies Act is derived, to a large extent, from the older Companies Acts of England, but does not follow many recent English law statutory enactments. In addition, the Companies Act differs from laws

 

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applicable to United States corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of the significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Act applicable to us and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the State of Delaware.

Mergers and Similar Arrangements.   The Companies Act permits mergers and consolidations between Cayman Islands companies and between Cayman Islands companies and non-Cayman Islands companies. For these purposes, (a) “merger” means the merging of two or more constituent companies and the vesting of their undertaking, property and liabilities in one of such companies as the surviving company, and (b) a “consolidation” means the combination of two or more constituent companies into a consolidated company and the vesting of the undertaking, property and liabilities of such companies to the consolidated company.

In order to effect such a merger or consolidation, the directors of each constituent company must approve a written plan of merger or consolidation, which must then be authorized by (a) a special resolution of the shareholders of each constituent company, and (b) such other authorization, if any, as may be specified in such constituent company’s articles of association. The written plan of merger or consolidation must be filed with the Registrar of Companies of the Cayman Islands together with a declaration as to the solvency of the consolidated or surviving company, a declaration as to the assets and liabilities of each constituent company and an undertaking that a copy of the certificate of merger or consolidation will be given to the members and creditors of each constituent company and that notification of the merger or consolidation will be published in the Cayman Islands Gazette. Court approval is not required for a merger or consolidation which is effected in compliance with these statutory procedures.

A merger between a Cayman parent company and its Cayman subsidiary or subsidiaries does not require authorization by a resolution of shareholders of that Cayman subsidiary if a copy of the plan of merger is given to every member of that Cayman subsidiary to be merged unless that member agrees otherwise. For this purpose a company is a “parent” of a subsidiary if it holds issued shares that together represent at least ninety percent (90%) of the votes at a general meeting of the subsidiary.

The consent of each holder of a fixed or floating security interest over a constituent company is required unless this requirement is waived by a court in the Cayman Islands.

Save in certain limited circumstances, a shareholder of a Cayman constituent company who dissents from the merger or consolidation is entitled to payment of the fair value of his shares (which, if not agreed between the parties, will be determined by the Cayman Islands court) upon dissenting to the merger or consolidation, provided that the dissenting shareholder complies strictly with the procedures set out in the Companies Act. The exercise of dissenter rights will preclude the exercise by the dissenting shareholder of any other rights to which he or she might otherwise be entitled by virtue of holding shares, save for the right to seek relief on the grounds that the merger or consolidation is void or unlawful.

Separate from the statutory provisions relating to mergers and consolidations, the Companies Act also contains statutory provisions that facilitate the reconstruction and amalgamation of companies by way of schemes of arrangement, provided that the arrangement is approved by (a) 75% in value of the shareholders or class of shareholders, as the case may be, or (b) a majority in number representing 75% in value of the creditors or each class of creditors, as the case may be, with whom the arrangement is to be made, that are, in each case, present and voting either in person or by proxy at a meeting, or meetings, convened for that purpose. The convening of the meetings and subsequently the arrangement must be sanctioned by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. While a dissenting shareholder has the right to express to the court the view that the transaction ought not to be approved, the court can be expected to approve the arrangement if it determines that:

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the statutory provisions as to the required majority vote have been met;

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the shareholders have been fairly represented at the meeting in question and the statutory majority are acting bona fide without coercion of the minority to promote interests adverse to those of the class;

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the arrangement is such that may be reasonably approved by an intelligent and honest man of that class acting in respect of his interest; and

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the arrangement is not one that would more properly be sanctioned under some other provision of the Companies Act.

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The Companies Act also contains a statutory power of compulsory acquisition which may facilitate the “squeeze out” of a dissenting minority shareholder upon a tender offer. When a tender offer is made and accepted by holders of 90.0% of the shares affected within four months, the offeror may, within a two- month period commencing on the expiration of such four-month period, require the holders of the remaining shares to transfer such shares to the offeror on the terms of the offer. An objection can be made to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands but this is unlikely to succeed in the case of an offer which has been so approved unless there is evidence of fraud, bad faith or collusion.

If an arrangement and reconstruction is thus approved, or if a tender offer is made and accepted, a dissenting shareholder would have no rights comparable to appraisal rights, which would otherwise ordinarily be available to dissenting shareholders of Delaware corporations, providing rights to receive payment in cash for the judicially determined value of the shares.

Shareholders’ Suits.   In principle, we will normally be the proper plaintiff to sue for a wrong done to us as a company, and as a general rule a derivative action may not be brought by a minority shareholder. However, based on English authorities, which would in all likelihood be of persuasive authority in the Cayman Islands, the Cayman Islands court can be expected to follow and apply the common law principles (namely the rule in Foss v. Harbottle and the exceptions thereto) which permit a minority shareholder to commence a class action against or derivative actions in the name of the company to challenge actions where:

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a company acts or proposes to act illegally or ultra vires;

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the act complained of, although not ultra vires, could only be effected duly if authorized by more than a simple majority vote that has not been obtained; and

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those who control the company are perpetrating a “fraud on the minority.”

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Indemnification of Directors and Executive Officers and Limitation of Liability.   Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s memorandum and articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Under our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, which became effective immediately prior to the completion of our 2022 offering, to the fullest extent permissible under Cayman Islands law every director and officer of our company shall be indemnified against all actions, proceedings, costs, charges, losses, damages and expenses incurred or sustained by him by reason of any act done or omitted in or about the execution of their duty in their respective offices or trusts. This standard of conduct is generally the same as permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law for a Delaware corporation.

In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and executive officers that provide such persons with additional indemnification beyond that provided in our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

Directors’ Fiduciary Duties.   Under Delaware corporate law, a director of a Delaware corporation has a fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders. This duty has two components: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person would exercise under similar circumstances. Under this duty, a director must inform himself of, and disclose to shareholders, all material information reasonably available regarding a significant transaction. The duty of loyalty requires that a director acts in a manner he reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation. He must not use his corporate position for personal gain or advantage.

This duty prohibits self-dealing by a director and mandates that the best interest of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any interest possessed by a director, officer or controlling

 

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shareholder and not shared by the shareholders generally. In general, actions of a director are presumed to have been made on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the action taken was in the best interests of the corporation. However, this presumption may be rebutted by evidence of a breach of one of the fiduciary duties. Should such evidence be presented concerning a transaction by a director, the director must prove the procedural fairness of the transaction, and that the transaction was of fair value to the corporation.

As a matter of Cayman Islands law, a director of a Cayman Islands company is in the position of a fiduciary with respect to the company and therefore it is considered that he owes the following duties to the company — a duty to act bona fide in the best interests of the company, a duty not to make a profit based on his position as director (unless the company permits him to do so), a duty not to put himself in a position where the interests of the company conflict with his personal interest or his duty to a third party, and a duty to exercise powers for the purpose for which such powers were intended. A director of a Cayman Islands company owes to the company a duty to act with skill and care. It was previously considered that a director need not exhibit in the performance of his duties a greater degree of skill than may reasonably be expected from a person of his knowledge and experience. However, English and Commonwealth courts have moved towards an objective standard with regard to the required skill and care and these authorities are likely to be followed in the Cayman Islands.

Shareholder Action by Written Consent.   Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may eliminate the right of shareholders to act by written consent by amendment to its certificate of incorporation. The Companies Act and our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that our shareholders may approve corporate matters by way of a unanimous written resolution signed by or on behalf of each shareholder who would have been entitled to vote on such matter at a general meeting without a meeting being held.

Shareholder Proposals.   Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a shareholder has the right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, provided it complies with the notice provisions in the governing documents. A special meeting may be called by the board of directors or any other person authorized to do so in the governing documents, but shareholders may be precluded from calling special meetings.

The Companies Act provides shareholders with only limited rights to requisition a general meeting, and does not provide shareholders with any right to put any proposal before a general meeting. However, these rights may be provided in a company’s articles of association. Our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association allow our shareholders holding in aggregate not less than one-third of all votes attaching to the issued and outstanding shares of our company entitled to vote at general meetings to requisition an extraordinary general meeting of our shareholders, in which case our board is obliged to convene an extraordinary general meeting and to put the resolutions so requisitioned to a vote at such meeting. Other than this right to requisition a shareholders’ meeting, our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association do not provide our shareholders with any other right to put proposals before annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings not called by such shareholders. As an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, we are not obliged by law to call shareholders’ annual general meetings.

Cumulative Voting.   Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, cumulative voting for elections of directors is not permitted unless the corporation’s certificate of incorporation specifically provides for it.

Cumulative voting potentially facilitates the representation of minority shareholders on a board of directors since it permits the minority shareholder to cast all the votes to which the shareholder is entitled on a single director, which increases the shareholder’s voting power with respect to electing such director. There are no prohibitions in relation to cumulative voting under the laws of the Cayman Islands, but our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association do not provide for cumulative voting. As a result, our shareholders are not afforded any less protections or rights on this issue than shareholders of a Delaware corporation.

Removal of Directors.   Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a director of a corporation with a classified board may be removed only for cause with the approval of a majority of the outstanding

 

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shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, directors may be removed with or without cause, by an ordinary resolution of our shareholders or the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the other directors present and voting at a board meeting. A director shall hold office until the expiration of his or her term or his or her successor shall have been elected and qualified, or until his or her office is otherwise vacated. In addition, a director’s office shall be vacated if the director (i) dies, becomes bankrupt or makes any arrangement or composition with his creditors; (ii) is found to be or becomes of unsound mind; (iii) resigns his office by notice in writing to the company; (iv) is prohibited by law or stock exchange rules from being a director; or (v) is removed from office pursuant to any other provisions of our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.

Transactions with Interested Shareholders.   The Delaware General Corporation Law contains a business combination statute applicable to Delaware corporations whereby, unless the corporation has specifically elected not to be governed by such statute by amendment to its certificate of incorporation, it is prohibited from engaging in certain business combinations with an “interested shareholder” for three years following the date that such person becomes an interested shareholder. An interested shareholder generally is a person or a group who or which owns or owned 15% or more of the target’s outstanding voting share within the past three years. This has the effect of limiting the ability of a potential acquirer to make a two- tiered bid for the target in which all shareholders would not be treated equally. The statute does not apply if, among other things, prior to the date on which such shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, the board of directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder. This encourages any potential acquirer of a Delaware corporation to negotiate the terms of any acquisition transaction with the target’s board of directors.

Cayman Islands law has no comparable statute. As a result, we cannot avail ourselves of the types of protections afforded by the Delaware business combination statute. However, although Cayman Islands law does not regulate transactions between a company and its significant shareholders, the directors of the Company are required to comply with fiduciary duties which they owe to the Company under Cayman Islands laws, including the duty to ensure that, in their opinion, any such transactions must be entered into bona fide in the best interests of the company, and are entered into for a proper corporate purpose and not with the effect of constituting a fraud on the minority shareholders.

Restructuring.   A company may present a petition to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands for the appointment of a restructuring officer on the grounds that the company:

(i)

is or is likely to become unable to pay its debts; and

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(ii)

intends to present a compromise or arrangement to its creditors (or classes thereof) either pursuant to the Companies Act, the law of a foreign country or by way of a consensual restructuring.

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The Grand Court may, among other things, make an order appointing a restructuring officer upon hearing of such petition, with such powers and to carry out such functions as the court may order. At any time (i) after the presentation of a petition for the appointment of a restructuring officer but before an order for the appointment of a restructuring officer has been made, and (ii) when an order for the appointment of a restructuring officer is made, until such order has been discharged, no suit, action or other proceedings (other than criminal proceedings) shall be proceeded with or commenced against the company, no resolution to wind up the company shall be passed, and no winding up petition may be presented against the company, except with the leave of the court. However, notwithstanding the presentation of a petition for the appointment of a restructuring officer or the appointment of a restructuring officer, a creditor who has security over the whole or part of the assets of the company is entitled to enforce the security without the leave of the court and without reference to the restructuring officer appointed.

Dissolution; Winding up.   Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, unless the board of directors approves the proposal to dissolve, dissolution must be approved by shareholders holding 100% of the total voting power of the corporation. Only if the dissolution is initiated by the board of directors may it be approved by a simple majority of the corporation’s outstanding shares. Delaware law allows a Delaware corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a supermajority voting requirement in connection with dissolutions initiated by the board.

 

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Under Cayman Islands law, a company may be wound up by either an order of the courts of the Cayman Islands or by a special resolution of its members or, if the company is unable to pay its debts as they fall due, by an ordinary resolution of its members. The court has authority to order winding up in a number of specified circumstances including where it is, in the opinion of the court, just and equitable to do so. Under the Companies Act and our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, our company may be dissolved, liquidated or wound up by a special resolution of our shareholders.

Variation of Rights of Shares.   Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may vary the rights of a class of shares with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under Cayman Islands law and our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, if our share capital is divided into more than one class of shares, we may vary the rights attached to any class with the written consent of the holders of a majority of the issued shares of that class or with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a general meeting of the holders of the shares of that class.

Amendment of Governing Documents.   Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation’s governing documents may be amended with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under the Companies Act and our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, our memorandum and articles of association may only be amended by a special resolution of our shareholders.

Rights of Nonresident or Foreign Shareholders.   There are no limitations imposed by our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association on the rights of nonresident or foreign shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights on our shares. In addition, there are no provisions in our ninth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association that require our company to disclose shareholder ownership above any particular ownership threshold.

History of Securities Issuances

The following is a summary of our securities issuances in the past three years.

Issuance of Ordinary Shares

In November 2022, we completed an initial public offering in which we offered and sold an aggregate of 16,387,500 Class A ordinary shares represented by ADSs. On November 11, 2022, the ADSs commenced trading on Nasdaq under the symbol “ATAT.”

Since May 2023, we have issued an aggregate of 25,726,398 Class A ordinary shares to The Bank of New York Mellon, our depositary bank, for bulk issuance of ADSs reserved for future share issuances upon the exercise or vesting of equity awards under our Public Company Plan.

Share Option Grants

We have granted share options to certain of our executive officers and employees. See “Management — Share Incentive Plans.”

 

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our capitalization as of March 31, 2024. This secondary offering will not affect our capitalization as we will not issue any new Class A ordinary shares and will not receive any proceeds from such offering.

You should read this table in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included and “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” in the 2023 Annual Report and our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in Exhibit 99.1 to our current report on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on June 10, 2024, both of which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.

 

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DIVIDEND POLICY

On August 17, 2023, we declared a cash dividend of US$0.05 per ordinary share, or US$0.15 per ADS, with each ADS representing three Class A ordinary shares. The total amount of cash distributed for the dividend was approximately US$21 million.

We are a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands. We rely principally on dividends from our PRC subsidiaries for our cash requirements, including any payment of dividends to our shareholders. PRC regulations may restrict the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to pay dividends to us. See “Item 4. Information on The Company — 4.B. Business Overview — Regulation — Regulations on Dividend Distribution” and “Item 3. Key Information — 3.D. Risk Factors — Risks Related to Doing Business in China — Governmental control of currency conversion may limit our ability to utilize our revenues effectively and affect the value of your investment” in the 2023 Annual Report.

Our board of directors has discretion as to whether to distribute dividends, subject to certain requirements of Cayman Islands law. In addition, our shareholders may by ordinary resolution declare a dividend, but no dividend may exceed the amount recommended by our board of directors. Under Cayman Islands law, a Cayman Islands company may pay a dividend out of either profit or share premium account, provided that in no circumstances may a dividend be paid if this would result in the company being unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. If our board of directors decides to pay dividends, the form, frequency and amount will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that the board of directors may deem relevant. If we pay any dividends on our ordinary shares, we will pay those dividends which are payable in respect of the ordinary shares represented by the ADSs to the depositary, as the registered holder of such ordinary shares, and the depositary then will pay such amounts to the ADS holders in proportion to the Class A ordinary shares represented by the ADSs held by such ADS holders, subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, net of the fees and expenses payable thereunder. See “Description of American Depositary Shares.”

 

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MANAGEMENT

Directors and Executive Officers

The following table provides information regarding our directors and executive officers as of the date of this prospectus supplement.

*

Note: In connection with this secondary offering, Mr. Hongbin Zhou, a director of our company previously appointed by the Selling Shareholder, has tendered his resignation as our director, effective upon completion of this secondary offering.

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Mr. Haijun Wang is our founder and has served as our Chairman of Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer since 2013. Prior to founding Atour in 2013, Mr. Wang served as the executive vice president of China Lodging Group, Limited, currently known as H World Group Limited, a company listed on Nasdaq under the ticker symbol of “HTHT” and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange under the stock code of “1179.” Prior to joining H World in 2005, Mr. Wang worked for Home Inns, Jinjiang Inn, as well as other reputable hotel companies. As the founder of Atour, the first upper midscale lifestyle hotel chain in China, Mr. Wang is a well-respected industry veteran with extensive hotel development and management experience. Mr. Wang was recognized as a leader in various industry leadership lists, including the List of the Most Innovative Business Figures in China, the List of 40 Leaders of China’s Hospitality Industry within the Past 40 Years, the List of the Most Innovative Figures in China’s Travel Industry. Mr. Wang graduated from Yanshan University and received his EMBA degree from the China Europe International Business School.

Mr. Xun Zhang has served as our Chief Operating Officer since 2021 and our Co-Chief Operating Officer since 2022. Mr. Zhang joined us in 2013 and held various positions successively from 2013 to 2021, including regional general manager, chief operating officer of our hotel business unit, chief customer officer and head of chief executive officer’s office. Mr. Zhang brought us extensive hotel development and management experience. Prior to joining Atour from 2007 to 2013, Mr. Zhang served as hotel manager and regional manager for China Lodging Group, Limited, currently known as H World Group Limited, a company listed on Nasdaq under the ticker symbol of “HTHT” and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange under the stock code of “1179.” Previously, Mr. Zhang also worked for multiple reputable local resort hotels in Chongqing, China. Mr. Zhang graduated from Chongqing University of Technology.

Mr. Gang Chen has served as our Co-Chief Operating Officer since 2022. Mr. Chen joined us as a Vice President in 2018 and was then promoted to a Senior Vice President in 2019. Previously, Mr. Chen served as a vice president of Zhuyou Hotel Management Co., Ltd. Mr. Chen graduated from Zhejiang Gongshang University.

Mr. Shoudong Wang has served as our Co-Chief Financial Officer since 2021 and oversees the financial reporting and related strategic, management and operational matters of our company. Prior to joining us, Mr. Wang served in various positions for TANSH Global Food Group Co., Ltd., a company listed on the

 

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Hong Kong Stock Exchange under the stock code of “3666.” Mr. Wang served as the chief financial officer of TANSH Global Group Co., Ltd. from 2019 to 2020. During 2011 to 2016, Mr. Wang was in charge of the management of finance, legal affairs and internal audit at TANSH Global Group Co., Ltd. and also served as board secretary and joint company secretary. Previously, Mr. Wang served in the finance department of Best Buy Commercial (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. and Dazhong Transportation (Group) Co., Ltd., a company listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange under the stock code of “600611.” Mr. Wang graduated from Fudan University, and received his master’s degree in business administration from Fudan University.

Mr. Jianfeng Wu has served as our Co-Chief Financial Officer since 2023. Mr. Wu oversees our capital market matters, including investor relations and financing related matters, and is responsible for providing administrative and other support to our board. Prior to joining us, Mr. Wu spent eight years with CMB International Capital Limited, where he has served as a Managing Director, a member of Investment Banking Business Management Committee and the Head of Consumer sector in the Corporate Finance Department. Prior to joining CMBI in 2015, Mr. Wu also served in the Investment Banking Division of UBS Securities Co. Limited since 2008. He received his Bachelor’s Degree in Economics from the School of Economics and Management of Tsinghua University in 2008.

Ms. Lijun Gao has served as our Chief Compliance Officer since 2023 and a director since 2021. Ms. Gao joined us in 2013 and served as our general counsel from January 2015 to October 2018 and as our Vice President in charge of legal matters from January 2018 to December 2022. Ms. Gao contributes more than a decade of experience in the practice of law and is specialized in corporate finance, risk management, and regulatory compliance. Ms. Gao graduated from Shanghai Normal University.

Mr. Hong Lu has served as our Senior Vice President and a director since 2021. Mr. Lu joined us in 2019 and served as a Vice President from 2019 to 2020. Previously, Mr. Lu served as a vice president and the board secretary of Xiamen 35.com Technology, a company listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange under the stock code of “300051,” a vice president and the board secretary of Shandong Zhongji Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd., a company listed on Shenzhen Stock Exchange under the stock code of “300308,” and the board secretary of Guangzhou Goaland Energy Conservation Tech. Co., Ltd., a company listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange under the stock code of “300499.” Mr. Lu graduated from Fuzhou University and received his MBA degree from the New York Institute of Technology.

Mr. Shiwei Zhou currently serves as our director. Mr. Zhou has also served as a vice president of Trip.com Group Ltd. since 2015. Mr. Zhou received a Master of Business Administration from the University of Southern California, a Master of Science from Columbia University, and a Bachelor of Engineering from Tongji University. He is a Certified Financial Analyst (CFA).

Mr. Hongbin Zhou currently serves as our director. Mr. Zhou has also been working at Legend Capital Management Co., Ltd. since 2005, and currently serves as its co-chief investment officer and executive committee member. Mr. Zhou is also a director of Milkway Chemical Engineering Supply Chain Service Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Rec-Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai Cell Therapy Group Co., Ltd., TriApex Laboratories Co., Ltd., Ningbo Newbay Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Joy Wing Mau Fruit Technologies Co., Ltd. Mr. Zhou graduated from Wuhan University and received his doctor’s degree in Business Administration from Fudan University.

Ms. Chao Zhang has served as our director since November 2022. Ms. Zhang has been a professor in Beijing International Studies University since 2015. Ms. Zhang graduated from Yanshan University and received her master’s degree in Tourism Administration from Nankai University and her doctor’s degree in Regional Economics from Peking University.

Mr. Cong Lin has served as our director since November 2022. Previously, Mr. Lin had served as a senior vice president at Marriott International China between 2003 and 2020. Mr. Lin graduated from Beijing Union University.

Mr. Can Wang has served as our director since November 2022. Mr. Wang was the chief financial officer of New Hope Group Co. Ltd from September 2022 to January 2024. From 2020 to 2023, he was also a director at Health and Happiness International Holdings Limited. Mr. Wang has also served in various senior management roles, including chief financial officer, chief growth officer and executive director, at Fosun International from 2012 to 2020. Mr. Wang is a non-practicing member of Chinese Institute of Certified

 

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Public Accountants (CICPA) and a member of The Association of International Accountants (AIA) and a fellow member of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA), and has been appointed as Deputy President of China Association of Chief Financial Officers in 2021. Mr. Wang graduated from Anhui University in 1997 and received his MBA degree from China Europe International Business School in 2014.

Board of Directors

Our board of directors consists of eight directors, including three independent directors within the meaning of Section 303A of the Corporate Governance Rules of the Nasdaq, namely Can Wang, Chao Zhang and Cong Lin. A director is not required to hold any shares in our company to qualify to serve as a director. The Corporate Governance Rules of the Nasdaq generally require that a majority of an issuer’s board of directors must consist of independent directors. However, the Corporate Governance Rules of the Nasdaq permit foreign private issuers like us to follow “home country practice” in certain corporate governance matters. We rely on this “home country practice” exception and do not have a majority of independent directors serving on our board of directors.

A director who is in any way, whether directly or indirectly, interested in a contract or proposed contract with our company is required to declare the nature of his or her interest at a meeting of our directors. A general notice given to the directors by any director to the effect that he or she is a member, shareholder, director, partner, officer or employee of any specified company or firm and is to be regarded as interested in any contract or transaction with that company or firm shall be deemed a sufficient declaration of interest for the purposes of voting on a resolution in respect to a contract or transaction in which he/she has an interest, and after such general notice it shall not be necessary to give special notice relating to any particular transaction. A director may vote in respect of any contract or proposed contract or arrangement notwithstanding that he/she may be interested therein and if he/she does so, his/her vote shall be counted and he/she may be counted in the quorum at any meeting of the directors at which any such contract or proposed contract or arrangement is considered. Our board of directors may exercise all of the powers of our company to borrow money, to mortgage or charge its undertaking, property and uncalled capital, or any part thereof, and to issue debentures, debenture stock or other securities whenever money is borrowed or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of our company or of any third party. None of our directors has a service contract with us that provides for benefits upon termination of service as a director.

Committees of the Board of Directors

We have established an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee under our board of directors and have adopted a charter for each of the three committees. Each committee’s members and functions are described below.