SEC Form 6-K filed by LG Display Co Ltd

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

Form 6-K

 

 

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER

PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16

UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the month of March 2025

 

 

LG Display Co., Ltd.

(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

 

 

LG Twin Towers, 128 Yeoui-daero, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07336, Republic of Korea

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

Form 20-F ☒   Form 40-F ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1): ☐

Note: Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1) only permits the submission in paper of a Form 6-K if submitted solely to provide an attached annual report to security holders.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7): ☐

Note: Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7) only permits the submission in paper of a Form 6-K if submission to furnish a report or other document that the registration foreign private issuer must furnish and make public under the laws of the jurisdiction in which the registrant is incorporated, domiciled or legally organized (the registrant’s “home country”), or under the rules of the home country exchange on which the registrant’s securities are traded, as long as the report or other document is not a press release, is not required to be and has not been distributed to the registrant’s security holders, and if discussing a material event, has already been the subject of a Form 6-K submission or other Commission filing on EDGAR.

Indicate by check mark whether by furnishing the information contained in this Form, the registrant is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Yes ☐   No ☒

 

 

 

Submission of Audit Report

 

1.	Name of external auditor: Samil PricewaterhouseCoopers (PWC)

 

2.	Date of receiving external audit report: March 4, 2025

 

3.	Auditor’s opinion

 

4.	Financial Highlights of Separate Financial Statements

Audit Report on Separate Financial Statements

 

Items		FY 2024				FY 2023
Total Assets			29,799,050,946,610				29,732,412,226,019
Total Liabilities			26,003,252,933,930				24,050,857,799,308
Total Shareholders’ Equity			3,795,798,012,680				5,681,554,426,711
Capital Stock			2,500,000,000,000				1,789,078,500,000
Revenues			25,178,687,608,556				19,811,014,881,090
Operating Income			-1,800,624,503,682				-3,884,121,296,089
Ordinary Income			-3,087,491,449,062				-2,632,114,468,426
Net Income			-3,034,736,546,955				-1,718,701,175,934
Total Shareholders’ Equity / Capital Stock			152	%			318	%

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Separate Financial Statements

For the Year Ended December 31, 2024

(With Independent Auditors’ Report Thereon)

Contents

 

		Page
Independent Auditors’ Report			1
Separate Statements of Financial Position			5
Separate Statements of Comprehensive Loss			6
Separate Statements of Changes in Equity			7
Separate Statements of Cash Flows			8
Notes to the Separate Financial Statements			9
Independent Auditors’ Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting			101
Report on the Operation of Internal Control over Financial Reporting			103

Independent Auditor’s Report

(English Translation of a Report Originally Issued in Korean)

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of

LG Display Co., Ltd.

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of LG Display Co., Ltd. (the Company), which comprise the statement of financial position as at December 31, 2024, and the statement of comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity and statement of cash flows for the year then ended, and notes to the financial statements, including material accounting policy information.

In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2024, and its financial performance and its cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the Republic of Korea (Korean IFRS).

We have also audited, in accordance with Korean Standards on Auditing, the Company’s Internal Control over Financial Reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on Conceptual Framework for Designing and Operating Internal Control over Financial Reporting, and our report dated March 4, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion.

Basis for Opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with Korean Standards on Auditing. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements of the Republic of Korea that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with the ethical requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

Key Audit Matters

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.

Samil PricewaterhouseCoopers, 100 Hangang-daero, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04386, Korea, www.samil.com

 

(a) Impairment test of cash generating units

Reasons why the matter was determined to be a key audit matter

As described in Note 9 and 10, the Company has classified the carrying amounts of property, plant, and equipment of W11,913,336 million and intangible assets of W1,485,789 million recognized as of the end of the reporting period into Display, Display (Large OLED), and Display (AD PO) cash generating units (CGUs). The Company identified indications of impairment due to the carrying amount of net assets being higher than market value as of the end of the reporting period and continuous operating losses due to competitive display market conditions. The Company performed an impairment test on the CGUs by evaluating the recoverable amount using the value in use calculated by applying the discounted cash flow model.

We determined the impairment test on the CGUs as a Key Audit Matter considering that significant judgment by management is involved in estimates such as cash flows and discount rates included in the Company’s impairment test.

How our audit addressed the Key Audit Matter

We have performed the following audit procedures to address the Key Audit Matter.

 

•

Understanding and evaluating the accounting policies and internal controls of the Company related to impairment testing

 

•

Testing internal controls such as the management’s review and approval of estimated business plan and significant assumptions for impairment testing

 

•

Evaluating the completeness and accuracy of underlying data used in management’s valuation model

 

•

Verifying whether future cash flow estimates are consistent with business plans approved by management

 

•

Evaluating the appropriateness of significant assumptions in valuation models including discount rates and growth rates by comparing them with external benchmarks within the industry and the Company’s past financial information

 

•

Evaluating the reasonableness of management’s business plan estimates by comparing business plans established for each CGU in prior periods with actual performance for the current period

 

•

Evaluating the competence and objectivity of independent external experts engaged by the Company

 

•

Performing sensitivity analysis to assess the magnitude of changes in significant assumptions applied in valuation models that can result in impairment loss

 

•

Evaluating the reasonableness of assumptions applied in a valuation model and discount rates used in the management’s evaluation by utilizing auditor’s valuation experts with professional skills and knowledge

(b) Assessment of recognition of deferred tax assets

Reasons why the matter was determined to be a key audit matter

As described in Note 24 to the financial statements, deferred tax assets recognized by the Company as of the end of the reporting period for temporary differences, tax loss carryforwards, and tax credit carryforwards amount to 3,474,990 million KRW. The Company evaluated the realizability of deferred tax assets considering the probability of generating taxable profit against which temporary differences, unused tax loss carryforwards, and tax credit carryforwards can be utilized.

 

2

We determined the assessment of realizability of deferred tax assets as a Key Audit Matter considering that significant judgment by management is involved in estimates such as expected taxable income and utilization of tax policy included in the Company’s realizability assessment.

How our audit addressed the Key Audit Matter

We have performed the following audit procedures to address the Key Audit Matter.

 

•

Understanding and evaluating the accounting policies and internal controls of the Company related to assessment of realizability of deferred tax assets

 

•

Testing internal controls such as management’s review and approval of significant assumptions in taxable profit forecasts and utilization of tax policy

 

•

Evaluating whether expected taxable profit estimates are based on approved business plans, past performance, transfer pricing, and dividend policies

 

•

Evaluating the appropriateness of management’s estimates on future taxable profit by comparing past estimated taxable income with actual performance for the current period

 

•

Evaluating the appropriateness of estimated timing for realization of temporary differences for tax purposes

 

•

Evaluating whether expected tax rates applied to measure the deferred tax assets are based on enacted or substantively enacted tax rates by the end of the reporting period and expected to apply to accounting periods when assets are realized

Other Matters

The financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2023, were audited by another auditor who expressed an unqualified opinion on those statements on March 7,2023.

Auditing standards and their application in practice vary among countries. The procedures and practices used in the Republic of Korea to audit such financial statements may differ from those generally accepted and applied in other countries.

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Financial Statements

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with Korean IFRS, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations.

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting process.

Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with Korean Standards on Auditing will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

 

3

As part of an audit in accordance with Korean Standards on Auditing, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:

 

•

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.

 

•

Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control.

 

•

Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by management.

 

•

Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.

 

•

Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.

From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Sang-Woo Nam, Certified Public Accountant.

Seoul, Korea

March 4, 2025

 

 

4

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Separate Statements of Financial Position

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

(In millions of won)		Note		December 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		4, 26		W	238,477				334,502
Deposits in banks		4, 26			—				20,000
Trade accounts and notes receivable, net		5, 15, 26, 29			4,964,594				3,077,901
Other accounts receivable, net		5, 26			215,920				95,178
Other current financial assets		6, 26			320,071				163,137
Inventories		7			1,786,678				1,780,959
Prepaid income tax					2,492				1,954
Classification of assets held for sale		30			1,016,645				—
Other current assets					102,518				116,851
Total current assets					8,647,395				5,590,482
Deposits in banks		4, 26			11				11
Investments		8			3,939,474				4,932,063
Other non-current accounts receivable, net		5, 26			9,679				13,833
Other non-current financial assets		6, 26			123,523				80,793
Property, plant and equipment, net		9			11,913,336				13,584,247
Intangible assets, net		10			1,485,789				1,683,029
Investment property		11			27,911				32,995
Deferred tax assets		24			3,474,990				3,387,504
Defined benefits assets, net		13			160,564				407,212
Other non-current assets					16,379				20,243
Total non-current assets					21,151,656				24,141,930
Total assets				W	29,799,051				29,732,412
Liabilities
Trade accounts and notes payable		26, 29		W	12,011,544				8,993,964
Current financial liabilities		12, 26, 27, 28, 29			5,866,670				3,850,822
Other accounts payable		26			1,438,724				2,334,289
Accrued expenses					483,236				461,819
Provisions		14			103,962				115,834
Advances received		15			899,164				608,044
Other current liabilities					62,195				57,487
Total current liabilities					20,865,495				16,422,259
Non-current financial liabilities		12, 26, 27, 28, 29			4,308,608				5,985,874
Non-current provisions		14			60,908				63,805
Long-term advances received		15			220,500				967,050
Other non-current liabilities		26			547,742				611,869
Total non-current liabilities					5,137,758				7,628,598
Total liabilities					26,003,253				24,050,857
Equity
Share capital		16		W	2,500,000				1,789,079
Share premium		16			2,821,006				2,251,113
Retained earnings (Accumulated deficit)		17			(1,525,208	)			1,641,363
Total equity					3,795,798				5,681,555
Total liabilities and equity				W	29,799,051				29,732,412

See accompanying notes to the separate financial statements.

 

5

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Separate Statements of Comprehensive Loss

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

(In millions of won, except loss per share amounts)		Note				2024				2023
Revenue			18, 29			W	25,178,688				19,811,015
Cost of sales			7, 19, 29				(24,476,213	)			(21,446,905	)
Gross profit (loss)							702,475				(1,635,890	)
Selling expenses			19, 20				(294,153	)			(280,262	)
Administrative expenses			19, 20				(781,822	)			(600,587	)
Research and development expenses			19				(1,427,125	)			(1,367,382	)
Operating loss							(1,800,625	)			(3,884,121	)
Finance income			22				704,770				2,411,597
Finance costs			22				(1,254,153	)			(877,350	)
Other non-operating income			21				1,702,506				995,791
Other non-operating expenses			21				(2,439,989	)			(1,278,031	)
Loss before income tax							(3,087,491	)			(2,632,114	)
Income tax benefit			23				52,755				913,413
Loss for the year							(3,034,736	)			(1,718,701	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Items that will never be reclassified to profit or loss
Remeasurements of net defined benefit liabilities			13				(131,835	)			49,817
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of income tax							(131,835	)			49,817
Total comprehensive loss for the year						W	(3,166,571	)			(1,668,884	)
Loss per share (in won)
Basic loss per share			25			W	(6,440	)			(4,512	)
Diluted loss per share			25			W	(6,440	)			(4,512	)

See accompanying notes to the separate financial statements.

 

6

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Separate Statements of Changes in Equity

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

(In millions of won)		Note				Share capital				Share premium				Retained earnings (Accumulated deficit)				Other capital				Total equity
Balances at January 1, 2023						W	1,789,079				2,251,113				3,310,247				—				7,350,439
Total comprehensive loss for the year
Loss for the year							—				—				(1,718,701	)			—				(1,718,701	)
Other comprehensive loss
Remeasurements of net defined benefit liabilities							—				—				49,817				—				49,817
Total comprehensive loss for the year						W	—				—				(1,668,884	)			—				(1,668,884	)
Balances at December 31, 2023						W	1,789,079				2,251,113				1,641,363				—				5,681,555
Balances at January 1, 2024						W	1,789,079				2,251,113				1,641,363				—				5,681,555
Total comprehensive loss for the year
Loss for the year							—				—				(3,034,736	)			—				(3,034,736	)
Other comprehensive loss
Remeasurements of net defined benefit liabilities							—				—				(131,835	)			—				(131,835	)
Total comprehensive loss for the year						W	—				—				(3,166,571	)			—				(3,166,571	)
Transaction with owners, recognized directly in equity
Capital increase			16				710,921				569,893				—				—				1,280,814
Balances at December 31, 2024						W	2,500,000				2,821,006				(1,525,208	)			—				3,795,798

See accompanying notes to the separate financial statements.

 

7

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Separate Statements of Cash Flows

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

(In millions of won)		Note				2024				2023
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities:
Cash generated from operations			28			W	724,337				30,185
Income taxes paid							(12,900	)			(76,208	)
Interests received							20,559				15,400
Interests paid							(634,631	)			(610,152	)
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities							97,365				(640,775	)
Cash flows from (used in) investing activities:
Dividends received							228,833				1,887,196
Increase in deposits in banks							—				(20,000	)
Proceeds from withdrawal of deposits in banks							20,000				42,804
Acquisition of financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income							—				(3,000	)
Proceeds from disposal of financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income							—				2,671
Proceeds from disposal of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss							5,185				—
Acquisition of investments							(979,633	)			(98,740	)
Proceeds from disposal of investments							942,708				—
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment							(1,380,057	)			(2,145,138	)
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment							248,271				488,194
Acquisition of intangible assets							(745,033	)			(650,877	)
Proceeds from disposal of intangible assets							6,257				6,328
Proceeds from settlement of derivatives							274,173				178,610
Decrease in short-term loans							19,697				27,411
Increase in deposits							(1,019	)			(354	)
Decrease in deposits							593				134
Proceeds from disposal of greenhouse gas emission permits							14,394				6,659
Cash flows used in investing activities:							(1,345,631	)			(278,102	)
Cash flows from (used in) financing activities:			28
Proceeds from short-term borrowings							5,496,777				5,960,167
Repayments of short-term borrowings							(4,740,405	)			(6,488,262	)
Proceeds from issuance of bonds							—				469,266
Repayments of bonds							(370,000	)			(433,990	)
Proceeds from long-term borrowings							2,114,901				2,839,878
Repayments of current portion of long-term borrowings							(2,622,312	)			(1,778,174	)
Payment guarantee fee received							7,427				7,195
Repayments of payment guarantee fee							(1,114	)			(2,134	)
Capital increase							1,292,455				—
Transaction cost from capital increase							(11,641	)			—
Payment of lease liabilities							(13,847	)			(12,879	)
Cash flows from financing activities							1,152,241				561,067
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents							(96,025	)			(357,810	)
Cash and cash equivalents at January 1							334,502				692,312
Cash and cash equivalents at December 31						W	238,477				334,502

See accompanying notes to the separate financial statements.

 

8

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

1.	Organization and Description of Business

LG Display Co., Ltd. (the “Company”) was incorporated in February 1985 and the Company is a public corporation listed in the Korea Exchange since 2004. The main business of the Company is to manufacture and sell displays and its related products. As of December 31, 2024, the Company is operating Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display (“TFT-LCD”) and Organic Light Emitting Diode (“OLED”) panel manufacturing plants in Gumi, Paju and China and TFT-LCD and OLED module manufacturing plants in Gumi, Paju, China and Vietnam. The Company is domiciled in the Republic of Korea with its address at 128 Yeouidae-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, the Republic of Korea. As of December 31, 2024, LG Electronics Inc., a major shareholder of the Company, owns 36.72% (183,593,206 shares) of the Company’s common stock.

As of December 31, 2024, 500,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock are listed on Korea Exchange under the identifying code 034220, and 20,944,314 American Depository Shares (“ADSs”, 2 ADSs represent one share of common stock) are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “LPL”.

 

2.	Basis of Presenting Financial Statements

 

(a)

Application of accounting standards

In accordance with the Act on External Audits of Stock Companies, Etc., these separate financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Korean International Financial Reporting Standards (“K-IFRS”).

These financial statements are separate financial statements prepared in accordance with K-IFRS No.1027, Separate Financial Statements, presented by a parent, an investor in an associate or a venture in a joint ventures, in which the investments are accounted for on the basis of the direct equity interest rather than on the basis of the reported results and net assets of the investees.

The separate financial statements were authorized for issuance by the Board of Directors on January 20, 2025, which will be submitted for approval to the shareholders’ meeting to be held on March 20, 2025.

 

(b)

Basis of Measurement

The separate financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for the following material items in the separate statement of financial position:

 

•

derivative financial instruments at fair value, financial assets at fair value through profit or loss(“FVTPL”), financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVOCI”), financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss(“FVTPL”), and

 

•

net defined benefit liabilities (defined benefit assets) recognized at the present value of defined benefit obligations less the fair value of plan assets

 

(c)

Functional and Presentation Currency

Items included in the financial statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which each entity operates (the “functional currency”). The separate financial statements are presented in Korean won, which is the Company’s functional currency.

 

9

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

2.	Basis of Presenting Financial Statements, Continued

 

(d)

Estimates and Judgments

As the resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results, it can contain a significant risk of causing a material adjustment.

Estimates and assumptions are continuously evaluated and taken into account future events that are reasonably predictable in light of past experiences and current situations. Changes in accounting estimates are recognized during the period which the estimates have been changed and the future periods to be affected.

The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below. Additional information of significant judgement and assumptions of certain items are included in relevant notes.

 

(i)

Impairment of goodwill, etc.

The recoverable amount of a cash generating unit (CGU) is determined based on value-in-use calculations (Note 10).

 

(ii)

Income Tax

The Company’s taxable income generated from these operations are subject to income taxes based on tax laws and interpretations of tax authorities in numerous jurisdictions. There are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The Company estimates the income tax effects expected to be incurred in the future as a result of its operating activities up to the end of the reporting period and recognizes them as current and deferred income taxes. However, the actual future income tax burden may not match the recognized related assets and liabilities, and such differences may affect the current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities at the time the expected income tax effects are realized.

In addition, deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable income will be generated during the periods when temporary differences, unused tax losses, and tax credits are realized. Significant judgments are made to determine the book value of deferred tax assets that can be recognized based on the timing and level of future taxable income.

 

(iii)

Net defined benefit liabilities (defined benefit assets)

The present value of defined benefit obligations can vary depending on various factors determined by actuarial methods. The assumptions applied to determine the net cost (profit) of retirement benefits include the discount rate, which represents the interest rate that should be applied to determine the present value of the estimated future cash outflows expected to occur upon the settlement of defined benefit obligations. An appropriate discount rate is determined by considering the yield on high-quality corporate bonds with maturities similar to the duration of the related pension liabilities, expressed in the currency in which the pension is paid. Other key assumptions related to defined benefit obligations are based on current market conditions.

 

10

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these separate financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

 

(a)

Interest in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures

These separate financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with K-IFRS No.1027, Separate Financial Statements. The Company applied the cost method to investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures. Dividends from subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures are recognized in profit or loss when the right to receive the dividend is established.

 

(b)

Foreign Currency Translation

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency of the Company at exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency at the exchange rate on the reporting date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are measured at fair value are translated to the functional currency at the exchange rate at the date that the fair value was determined. Foreign currency differences arising on translation are recognized in profit or loss, except for differences arising on an investment in equity instruments designated as at FVOCI and a financial asset and liability designated as a cash flow hedge, which are recognized in other comprehensive income. Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on translating monetary items at rates different from those at which they were translated on initial recognition are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they arise. Foreign currency differences arising from assets and liabilities in relation to the investing and financing activities including borrowings, bonds and cash and cash equivalents are recognized in finance income (costs) in the separate statement of comprehensive income (loss) and foreign currency differences arising from assets and liabilities in relation to activities other than investing and financing activities are recognized in other non-operating income (expense) in the separate statement of comprehensive income (loss). Foreign currency differences are presented in gross amounts in the separate statement of comprehensive income (loss).

 

(c)

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include all cash balances and short-term highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash.

 

(d)

Inventories

Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost of inventories is based on the weighted-average method, and includes expenditures incurred in acquiring the inventories, production or conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing them to their existing location and condition. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated selling expenses. In the case of manufactured inventories and work-in-process, cost includes an appropriate share of production overheads based on the actual capacity of production facilities. However, the normal capacity is used for the allocation of fixed production overheads if the actual level of production is lower than the normal capacity.

 

11

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(e)

Financial Instruments

 

(i)

Non-derivative financial assets

Recognition and initial measurement

Trade receivables and debt instruments issued are initially recognized when they are originated. All other financial assets are recognized in statement of financial position when, and only when, the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

A financial asset (unless it is a trade receivable without a significant financing component) is initially measured at fair value plus, for an item not at FVTPL, transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or issue. A trade receivable without a significant financing component is initially measured at the transaction price.

Classification and subsequent measurement

 

i)

Financial assets

On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at: amortized cost; FVOCI – debt investment; FVOCI – equity investments; or FVTPL. Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition unless the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets, in which case all affected financial assets are reclassified on the first day of the subsequent reporting period following the change in the business model.

A financial asset is measured as at amortized cost if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:

 

•

it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and

 

•

its contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

A debt investment is measured at FVOCI if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:

 

•

it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and

 

•

the contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

For investments in equity instruments that are not held for trading, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income.

All financial assets not classified as measured at amortized cost or FVOCI as described above are measured as at FVTPL. This includes all derivative financial assets. At initial recognition, the Company may irrevocably designate a financial asset that otherwise meets the requirements to be measured at amortized cost or at FVOCI as at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting mismatch that would otherwise arise.

 

12

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(e)

Financial Instruments, Continued

 

ii)

Financial assets: business model

The Company makes an assessment of the objective of the business model in which a financial asset is held at a portfolio level because this best reflects the way the business is managed and information is provided to management. The information considered includes:

 

•

the stated policies and objectives for the portfolio and the operation of those policies in practice (these include whether management’s strategy focuses on earning contractual interest income, maintaining a particular interest rate profile, matching the duration of the financial assets to the duration of any related liabilities or expected cash outflows or realizing cash flows through the sale of the assets);

 

•

how the performance of the portfolio is evaluated and reported to the Company’s management;

 

•

the risks that affect the performance of the business model (and the financial assets held within that business model) and how those risks are managed; and

 

•

the frequency, volume and timing of sales of financial assets in prior periods, the reasons for such sales and expectations about future sales activity.

Transfers of financial assets to third parties in transactions that do not qualify for derecognition are not considered sale for this purpose.

A financial asset that is held for trading or is managed and whose performance is evaluated on a fair value basis is measured at FVTPL.

 

iii)

Financial assets: Assessment whether contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest

For the purpose of the assessment, “principal” is defined as the fair value of the financial asset on initial recognition. ‘Interest’ is defined as consideration for the time value of money and for the credit risk associated with the principal amount outstanding during a particular period of time and for other basic lending risks and cost (e.g. liquidity risk and administrative costs), as well as profit margin.

In assessing whether the contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest, the Company considers the contractual terms of the instrument. This includes assessing whether the financial asset contains a contractual term that could change the timing or amount of contractual cash flows such that it would not meet this condition. In making this assessment, the Company considers.

 

•

contingent events that would change the amount or timing of cash flows:

 

•

terms that may adjust the contractual coupon rate, including variable-rate features;

 

•

prepayment and extension features; and

 

•

terms that limit the Company’s claim to cash flows from specified assets (e.g. non-recourse features)

A prepayment feature is consistent with the solely payments of principal and interest criterion if the prepayment amount substantially represents unpaid amounts of principal and interest or the principal amount outstanding, which may include reasonable additional compensation for early termination of the contract.

 

13

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(e)

Financial Instruments, Continued

 

Additionally, for a financial asset acquired at a discount or premium to its contractual par amount, a feature that permits or requires prepayment at an amount that substantially represents the contractual par amount plus accrued but unpaid contractual interest (which may also include reasonable additional compensation for early termination) is treated as consistent with this criterion if the fair value of the prepayment feature is insignificant at initial recognition.

 

iv)

Financial assets: Subsequent measurement and gains and losses

 

Derecognition

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows of the financial asset in a transaction in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred, or it transfers or does not retain substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred asset, and does not retain control of the transferred asset.

If the Company has retained substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the transferred asset, the Company continues to recognize the transferred asset.

 

14

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(e)

Financial Instruments, Continued

 

(ii)

Non-derivative financial liabilities

The Company classifies financial liabilities into two categories, financial liabilities at FVTPL and other financial liabilities in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement and the definitions of financial liabilities, and recognizes them in the separate statement of financial position when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial liabilities at FVTPL include financial liabilities held for trading or designated as such upon initial recognition at FVTPL. After initial recognition, financial liabilities at FVTPL are measured at fair value, and changes therein are recognized in profit or loss. Upon initial recognition, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of financial liabilities are recognized in profit or loss as incurred.

Non-derivative financial liabilities other than financial liabilities classified as at FVTPL are classified as other financial liabilities and measured initially at fair value minus transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of financial liabilities. Subsequent to initial recognition, these financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. As of December 31, 2023, non-derivative financial liabilities comprise borrowings, bonds, trade accounts and notes payable, other accounts payable and others.

The Company derecognizes a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged, cancelled or expired.

 

(iii)

Derivative financial instruments

Derivatives are initially recognized at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition, derivatives are measured at fair value, and changes therein are accounted for as described below.

 

15

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(e)

Financial Instruments, Continued

 

Hedge Accounting

If necessary, the Company designates derivatives as hedging items to hedge the risk of changes in the fair value of assets, liabilities or firm commitments (a fair value hedge) and foreign currency risk of highly probable forecasted transactions or firm commitments (a cash flow hedge).

On initial designation of the hedge, the Company’s management formally designates and documents the relationship between the hedging instrument(s) and hedged item(s), including the risk management objectives and strategy in undertaking the hedge transaction, together with the methods that will be used to assess the effectiveness of the hedging relationship, both at the inception of the hedge relationship as well as on an ongoing basis.

 

i)

Fair value hedges

Change in the fair value of a derivative hedging instrument designated as a fair value hedge and the hedged item is recognized in profit or loss, respectively. The gain or loss from remeasuring the hedging instrument at fair value and the gain or loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in profit or loss in the same line item of the statement of comprehensive income (loss). The Company discontinues fair value hedge accounting if the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised; or if the hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting.

 

ii)

Cash flow hedges

When a derivative designated as a cash flow hedging instrument meets the criteria of cash flow hedge accounting, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized in other comprehensive income and the ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized in profit or loss. The Company discontinues cash flow hedge accounting if the hedging instruments expires or is sold, terminated or exercised; or if the hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting. The cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument that has been recognized in other comprehensive income is reclassified to profit or loss in the periods during which the forecasted transaction occurs. If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur, then the balance in other comprehensive income is recognized immediately in profit or loss.

 

16

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(e)

Financial Instruments, Continued

 

Embedded derivative

Embedded derivatives are separated from the host contract and accounted for separately if the host contract is not a financial asset and certain criteria are met.

Other derivative financial instruments

Other derivative financial instruments are measured at fair value and changes of their fair value are recognized in profit or loss.

 

(iv)

Financial guarantee agreement

A financial guarantee agreement is a contract in which a certain amount of money must be paid to compensate for the loss incurred by the holder due to the failure of a particular debtor to pay on the due date in accordance with the terms of the original contract or the changed terms of the debt product. Financial guarantee contracts are measured at fair value at the time of initial recognition, and after initial recognition, they are measured by the higher of the following and displayed as ‘Financial Liabilities’ in the separate statement of financial position.

 

•

The amount determined in accordance with the expected credit loss model under Korean IFRS 1109 Financial Instruments

 

•

The amount initially recognized less, where appropriate, the cumulative amount of income recognized in accordance with Korean IFRS 1115 Revenue from Contracts with Customers

 

(f)

Property, Plant and Equipment

 

(i)

Recognition and measurement

Items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Cost includes an expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset. The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost of materials and direct labor, any costs directly attributable to bringing the assets to a working condition for their intended use, the costs of dismantling and removing the items and restoring the site on which they are located and borrowing costs on qualifying assets.

The gain or loss arising from the derecognition of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the net disposal proceeds, if any, and the carrying amount of the item and recognized in other non-operating income or other non-operating expenses.

 

(ii)

Subsequent costs

Subsequent expenditure on an item of property, plant and equipment is recognized as part of its cost only if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The costs of the day-to-day servicing of property, plant and equipment are recognized in profit or loss as incurred.

 

17

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(f)

Property, Plant and Equipment, Continued

 

(iii)

Depreciation

Land is not depreciated and depreciation of other items of property, plant and equipment is recognized in profit or loss on a straight-line basis, reflecting the pattern in which the asset’s future economic benefits are expected to be consumed by the Company. The residual value of property, plant and equipment is zero.

Typical estimated useful lives of the assets are as follows:

 

		Typical estimated useful lives (years)
Buildings and structures		20~40
Machinery		4, 5
Furniture and fixtures		4
Equipment, tools and vehicles		2, 4, 12
Right-of-use assets		(*)

 

(*)

The Company depreciates the right-of-use assets from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term.

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each financial year-end and adjusted if appropriate and any changes are accounted for as changes in accounting estimates.

 

18

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(g)

Borrowing Costs

The Company capitalizes borrowing costs, which includes interests and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs, directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset as part of the cost of that asset. A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale. To the extent that the borrowings are directly attributable to the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset, the Company determines the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalization as the actual borrowing costs incurred on that borrowing during the period less any investment income on the temporary investment of those borrowings. The Company immediately recognizes other borrowing costs as an expense.

 

(h)

Government Grants

In case there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to a government grant, the government grant is recognized as follows:

 

(i)

Grants related to the purchase or construction of assets

A government grant related to the purchase or construction of assets is deducted in calculating the carrying amount of the asset. The grant is recognized in profit or loss over the life of a depreciable asset as a reduced depreciation expense and cash related to grant received is presented in investing activities in the statement of cash flows.

 

(ii)

Grants for compensating the Company’s expenses incurred

A government grant that compensates the Company for expenses incurred is recognized in profit or loss as a deduction from relevant expenses on a systematic basis in the periods in which the expenses are recognized.

 

(iii)

Other government grants

A government grant that becomes receivable for the purpose of giving immediate financial support to the Company with no compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or no future related costs is recognized as income of the period in which it becomes receivable.

 

19

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(i)

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are initially measured at cost. Subsequently, intangible assets are measured at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses.

 

(i)

Goodwill

Goodwill arising from business combinations is recognized as the excess of the acquisition cost of a business over the net fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Any deficit is a bargain purchase that is recognized in profit or loss. Goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses.

 

(ii)

Research and development

Expenditure on research activities, undertaken with the prospect of gaining new scientific or technical knowledge and understanding, is recognized in profit or loss as incurred. Development activities involve a plan or design of the production of new or substantially improved products and processes. Development expenditure is capitalized as intangible assets only if the Company can demonstrate all of the following:

 

•

the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale,

 

•

its intention to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it,

 

•

its ability to use or sell the intangible asset,

 

•

how the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits (among other things, the Company can demonstrate the usefulness of the intangible asset by existence of a market for the output of the intangible asset or the intangible asset itself if it is to be used internally),

 

•

the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the intangible asset, and

 

•

its ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development.

Development projects are divided into research activities and development activities. Expenditures on research activities are recognized in profit or loss and qualifying development expenditures on development activities are capitalized.

The expenditure capitalized includes the cost of materials, direct labor and overhead costs that are directly attributable to preparing the asset for its intended use, and borrowing costs on qualifying assets.

 

(iii)

Other intangible assets

Other intangible assets include intellectual property rights, software, customer relationships, technology, memberships and others. The Company currently has a number of patent license agreements related to product production. When the amount of payments is determined, it is recognized as intangible assets as intellectual property rights and other account payables, respectively, and the intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the patent license period.

 

20

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(i)

Intangible Assets, Continued

 

(iv)

Subsequent costs

Subsequent expenditures are capitalized only when they increase the future economic benefits embodied in the specific intangible asset to which they relate. All other expenditures, including expenditures on internally generated goodwill and brands, are recognized in profit or loss as incurred.

 

(v)

Amortization

Amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of intangible assets, other than goodwill, from the date that they are available for use. The residual value of intangible assets is zero. However, as there are no foreseeable limits to the periods over which condominium and golf club memberships are expected to be available for use, these intangible assets are regarded as having indefinite useful lives and not amortized.

Typical estimated useful lives of the intangible assets are as follows:

 

		Typical estimated useful lives (years)
Intellectual property rights		5, 10, (*1)
Software		4, (*1)
Technology		10
Development costs		(*2)
Condominium and golf club memberships		Indefinite

 

(*1)

Patent royalty (included in intellectual property rights) and software license are amortized over the useful lives considering the contract period.

 

(*2)

Capitalized development costs are amortized over the useful lives considering the life cycle of the developed products.

Amortization periods and the amortization methods for intangible assets with finite useful lives are reviewed at each financial year-end. The useful lives of intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are reviewed at each financial year-end to determine whether events and circumstances continue to support indefinite useful life assessments for those assets. If appropriate, the changes are accounted for as changes in accounting estimates.

 

(j)

Investment Property

Property held to earn rentals or for capital appreciation or both is classified as investment property. Investment properties are initially measured at cost, including transaction costs incurred at the time of acquisition, and subsequently, measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss.

Subsequent expenditure on an item of investment property is recognized as part of its cost only if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of those parts that are replaced is derecognized. All other subsequent expenditures are expensed in the period in which it is incurred.

 

21

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(j)

Investment Property, Continued

 

Among investment properties, land is not depreciated, and investment properties except land are depreciated on a straight-line basis by applying 20 years of the building according to the economic depreciation period. Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values of investment properties are reviewed at each reporting period-end and if appropriate, the changes are accounted for as changes in accounting estimates.

 

(k)

Impairment

 

(i)

Financial assets

Financial instruments and contract assets

The Company recognizes loss allowance for financial assets measured at amortized cost and debt investments at FVOCI at the ‘expected credit loss’ (ECL).

The Company recognizes a loss allowance for the life-time expected credit losses except for following, which are measured at 12-month ECLs:

 

•

debt instruments that are determined to have low credit risk at the reporting date; and

 

•

other debt instruments and bank deposits for which credit risk (i.e. the risk of default occurring over the expected life of the financial instrument) has not increased significantly since initial recognition.

When determining whether the credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition and when estimating ECLs, the Company considers reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and available without undue cost or effort. This includes both qualitative and quantitative information and analysis, based on the Company’s historical experience and informed credit assessment including forward-looking information.

Lifetime ECLs are the ECLs that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument.

12-month ECLs are the portion of the ECLs that result from default events that are possible within the 12 months after the reporting date (or a shorter period if the expected life of the instrument is less than 12 months).

The maximum period considered when estimating ECLs is the maximum contractual period over which the Company is exposed to credit risk.

Estimation of expected credit losses

Expected credit losses are a probability-weighted estimate of credit losses. Credit losses are measured using the present value of the difference between the contractual cash flows and the expected contractual cash flows. The expected credit losses are discounted using effective interest rate of the financial assets.

 

22

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(k)

Impairment, Continued

 

Credit-impaired financial assets

At each reporting period-end, the Company assesses whether financial assets carried at amortized cost and debt instruments at FVOCI are credit-impaired. A financial asset is ‘credit-impaired’ when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset have occurred.

Evidence that a financial asset is credit-impaired includes the following observable data:

 

•

significant financial difficulty of the issuer or the borrower;

 

•

the lender(s) of the borrower, for economic or contractual reasons relating to the borrower’s financial difficulty, having granted to the borrower a concession(s) that the lender(s) would not otherwise consider;

 

•

it is probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganization; or

 

•

the disappearance of an active market for a security because of financial difficulties.

Presentation of loss allowance for ECL in the statement of financial position

Loss allowances for financial assets measured at amortized cost are deducted from the gross carrying amount of the assets. For debt instruments at FVOCI, the loss allowance is charged to profit or loss and is recognized in OCI instead of reducing the carrying amount of financial assets in the separate statement of financial position.

Write-off

The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off when the Company has no reasonable expectations for recovering the financial asset in its entirety or a portion thereof. The Company assess whether there are reasonable expectations of recovering the contractual cash flows from customers and individually assess the timing and amount of write-off. The Company expects no significant recovery from the amount written-off. However, financial assets that are written off could still be subject to enforcement activities in order to comply with the Company’s procedures for recovery of amounts due.

 

23

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(k)

Impairment, Continued

 

(ii)

Non-financial assets

The carrying amounts of the Company’s non-financial assets, other than assets arising from employee benefits, inventories and deferred tax assets, are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated. For goodwill, and intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives or that are not yet available for use, irrespective of whether there is any indication of impairment, the recoverable amount is estimated each year.

Recoverable amount is estimated for the individual asset. If it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of the individual asset, the Company determines the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. The cash-generating unit (“CGU”) is the smallest group of assets that includes the asset and generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets. In identifying whether cash inflows from an asset or group of assets are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets, the Company considers various factors including how management monitors the entity’s operations or how management makes decisions about continuing or disposing of the entity’s assets and operations. In the Company’s consolidated financial statements, each CGU is comprised of a group of assets of the Company and its other subsidiaries, because the non-current assets of the Company generate independent cash inflows only in combination with certain assets of the subsidiary. The Company’s cash-generating units consist of Display CGU, Display (Large OLED) CGU and Display (AD PO) CGU. Goodwill arising from a business combination is allocated to CGUs or groups of CGUs that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. The recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit is determined as the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset or CGU. Fair value less costs to sell is based on the best information available to reflect the amount that the Company could obtain from the disposal of the asset in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable, willing parties, after deducting the costs of disposal.

An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or its CGU exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss. Impairment losses recognized in respect of a CGU are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit, and then to reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the unit on a pro rata basis.

In respect of assets other than goodwill, impairment losses recognized in prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of accumulated depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized from the acquisition cost. An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed.

 

24

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(l)

Leases

A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

 

(i)

As a lessee

At commencement or on modification of a contract that contains a lease component, the Company allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease and non-lease component on the basis of its relative stand-alone price. For certain leases, the Company accounts for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component by applying the practical expedient not to separate non-lease components.

The Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located less any lease incentives received.

The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term, unless the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the Company by the end of the lease term or the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects that the Company will exercise a purchase option. In that case, the right-of-use asset will be depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset, which is determined on the same basis as those of property and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate.

The Company determines its incremental borrowing rate by obtaining interest rates from various external financing sources and makes certain adjustments to reflect the terms of the lease and type of the asset leased.

 

25

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(l)

Lease, Continued

 

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise the following:

 

•

fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments;

 

•

variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate as at the commencement date;

 

•

amounts expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee; and

 

•

the exercise price under a purchase option that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise, lease payments in an optional renewal period if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise an extension option, and penalties for early termination of a lease unless the Company is reasonably certain not to terminate early.

The lease liability is measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Company’s estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, if the Company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option or if there is a revised in-substance fixed lease payment.

When the lease liability is remeasured the Company recognizes the amount of the remeasurement of the lease liability as an adjustment to the right-of-use asset. However, if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset is reduced to zero and there is a further reduction in the measurement of the lease liability, the Company recognizes any remaining amount of the remeasurement in profit or loss.

The Company presents right-of-use assets that do not meet the definition of investment property in ‘property, plant and equipment’ and lease liabilities in ‘financial liabilities’ in the separate statement of financial position.

The Company has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for leases of low-value assets and short-term leases. The Company recognizes the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 

(ii)

As a lessor

When the Company acts as a lessor, it determines at lease inception whether each lease is a finance lease or an operating lease.

To classify each lease, the Company makes an overall assessment of whether the lease transfers substantially all of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the underlying asset. If the lease transfers substantially all of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the underlying asset, then the lease is a finance lease; if not, then it is an operating lease. As part of this assessment, the Company considers certain indicators such as whether the lease is for the major part of the economic life of the asset.

When the Company is an intermediate lessor, it accounts for its interests in the head lease and the sub-lease separately. It assesses the lease classification of a sub-lease with reference to the right-of-use asset arising from the head lease, not with reference to the underlying asset. If a head lease is a short-term lease to which the Company applies the exemption described above, then it classifies the sub-lease as an operating lease.

 

26

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(l)

Lease, Continued

 

Contracts may contain both lease and non-lease components. The Company allocates the consideration in the contract to the lease and non-lease components based on their relative stand-alone prices.

At the commencement date, the Company recognizes assets held under a finance lease in its statement of financial position and present them as a receivable at an amount equal to the net investment in the lease and recognize finance income over the lease term, based on a pattern reflecting a constant periodic rate of return on the lessor’s net investment in the lease.

The Company recognizes lease payments received under operating leases as income on a straight-line basis over the lease term as part of ‘other revenue’.

 

(m)

Provisions

A provision is recognized, as a result of a past event, if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation.

The risks and uncertainties that inevitably surround events and circumstances are taken into account in reaching the best estimate of a provision. Where the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined at the present value of the expected future cash flows. The unwinding of the discount is recognized as finance cost.

Provisions are reviewed at the end of each reporting period and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate. If it is no longer probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, the provision is reversed.

The Company recognizes a liability for warranty obligations based on the estimated costs expected to be incurred under its basic limited warranty. This warranty covers defective products and is normally applicable for a warranty period from the date of purchase. These liabilities are accrued when product revenues are recognized. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims on those repairs and cost per claim to satisfy the Company’s warranty obligation. Warranty costs primarily include raw materials and labor costs. As these factors are impacted by actual experience and future expectations, management periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary. Accrued warranty obligations are included in the current and non-current provisions.

Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, penalties and other sources, are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and/or remediation can be reasonably estimated.

 

27

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(n)

Non-current Assets Held for Sale

Non-current assets, or disposal groups comprising assets and liabilities, are classified as held-for-sale if it is highly probable that they will be recovered primarily from sale rather than through continuing use. In order to be classified as held for sale, the asset (or disposal group) is available for immediate sale in its present condition and its sale is highly probable. The assets (or disposal groups) that are classified as non-current assets held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell on initial classification. The Company recognizes an impairment loss for any subsequent decrease in fair value of the asset (or disposal group) for which an impairment loss was recognized on initial classification as held-for-sale and a gain for any subsequent increase in fair value in profit or losses, up to the cumulative impairment loss previously recognized.

The Company does not depreciate a non-current asset while it is classified as held for sale or while it is part of a disposal group classified as held for sale.

 

(o)

Employee Benefits

 

(i)

Short-term employee benefits

Short-term employee benefits that are due to be settled within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognized in profit or loss on an undiscounted basis. The expected cost of profit-sharing and bonus plans and others are recognized when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to make payments as a result of past events and a reliable estimate of the obligation can be made.

 

(ii)

Other long-term employee benefits

The Company’s net obligation in respect of long-term employee benefits other than pension plans is the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods.

 

(iii)

Defined contribution plan

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution pension plans are recognized as an employee benefit expense in profit or loss in the period during which services are rendered by employees.

 

28

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(o)

Employee Benefits, continued

 

(iv)

Defined benefit plan

A defined benefit plan is a post-employment benefit plan other than defined contribution plans. The Company’s net obligation in respect of its defined benefit plan is calculated by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods; that benefit is discounted to determine its present value. The fair value of any plan assets is deducted.

The calculation is performed annually by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. The discount rate is the yield at the reporting date on high quality corporate bonds that have maturity dates approximating the terms of the Company’s obligations and that are denominated in the same currency in which the benefits are expected to be paid. The Company recognizes remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions related to the defined benefit plans in other comprehensive income and transfers immediately to retained earnings.

The Company determines the net interest expense (income) on the net defined benefit liability (asset) for the period by applying the discount rate used to measure the defined benefit obligation at the beginning of the annual period to the then-net defined benefit liability (asset), taking into account any changes in the net defined benefit liability (asset) during the period as a result of contributions and benefit payments. Consequently, the net interest on the net defined benefit liability (asset) now comprises: interest cost on the defined benefit obligation, interest income on plan assets, and interest on the effect of the asset ceiling.

When the benefits of a plan are changed or when a plan is curtailed, the resulting change in benefit that relates to past service or the gain or loss on curtailment is recognized immediately in profit or loss. The Company recognizes gains and losses on the settlement of a defined benefit plan when the settlement occurs.

 

(v)

Termination benefits

The Company recognizes expense for termination benefits at the earlier of the date when the entity can no longer withdraw the offer of those benefits and when the entity recognizes costs for a restructuring involving the payment of termination benefits. If the termination benefits are not expected to be settled wholly before twelve months after the end of the annual reporting period, the Company measures the termination benefit with present value of future cash payments.

 

29

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(p)

Revenue from contracts with customers

Revenue from the sale of goods in the course of ordinary activities is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of estimated returns, trade discounts, volume rebates and other cash incentives paid to customers.

The Company recognizes revenue according to the five-stage revenue recognition model (① Identifying the contract ®②Identifying performance obligations ®③ Determining transaction price ®④ Allocating the transaction price to performance obligations ®⑤ Recognizing revenue for performance obligations).

The Company generates revenue primarily from sale of display panels. Product revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control over the Company’s products, which typically occurs upon shipment or delivery depending on the terms of the contracts with the customer.

The Company includes return option in the sales contract of display panels with its customers and the consideration receivable from the customer is subject to change due to returns. The Company estimates an amount of variable consideration by using the expected value method with which the Company expects to better predict the amount of consideration. The Company includes in the transaction price an amount of variable consideration estimated only to the extent that it is highly probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur during the return period when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The Company recognizes a refund liability and an asset for its right to recover products from customers if the Company receives consideration from a customer and expects to refund some or all of that consideration to the customer. Sales taxes or value-added taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are accounted for on a net basis and are excluded from revenues in the separate statement of comprehensive income (loss).

 

(q)

Operating Segments

An operating segment is a component of the Company that: 1) engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, including revenues and expenses that relate to transactions with other components of the Company, 2) whose operating results are reviewed regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in order to allocate resources and assess its performance, and 3) for which discrete financial information is available. Management has determined that the CODM of the Company is the Board of Directors. The CODM does not receive and therefore does not review discrete financial information for any component of the Company. Consequently, no operating segment information is included in these separate financial statements. Entity wide disclosures of geographic and product revenue information are provided in Note 18 to these consolidated financial statements.

 

(r)

Finance Income and Finance Costs

Finance income comprises interest income on funds invested (including debt instruments measured at FVOCI), dividend income, gains on disposal of debt instruments measured at FVOCI and changes in fair value of financial instruments at FVTPL. Interest income is recognized as it accrues in profit or loss, using the effective interest method. Dividend income is recognized in profit or loss on the date that the Company’s right to receive payment is established.

Finance costs comprise interest expense on borrowings, unwinding of the discount on provisions, gain and losses from financial instruments measured at FVTPL and impairment losses recognized on financial assets. Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalized as part of the cost of that asset.

 

30

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(s)

Income Tax

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current tax and deferred tax are recognized in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognized directly in equity or in other comprehensive income.

 

(i)

Current tax

Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable profit or loss for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years. The amount of current tax payable or receivable is the best estimate of the tax amount expected to be paid or received that reflects uncertainty related to income taxes, if any. The taxable profit is different from the accounting profit for the period since the taxable profit is calculated excluding the temporary differences, which will be taxable or deductible in determining taxable profit (tax loss) of future periods, and non-taxable or non-deductible items from the accounting profit.

 

(ii)

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognized, using the asset and liability method, in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

The Company recognizes a deferred tax liability for all taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates, and interests in joint ventures, except to the extent that the Company is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future. A deferred tax asset is recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that the differences relating to investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the temporary difference can be utilized.

The Company reviews the carrying amount of deferred tax assets at the end of each reporting period, considering the likelihood of generating taxable income against which temporary differences, unused tax loss carryforwards, and tax credit carryforwards can be utilized. The potential taxable income is estimated based on business plans approved by management, historical experience of taxable income estimates, and tax policies including the transfer pricing of the separate entity. Additionally, future taxable income includes the anticipated permanent differences, considering the realization effect of temporary differences consistent with the business plan and the dividend policy of the separate entity. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets to the extent that it is probable that sufficient taxable income will be generated in the future, or there are sufficient taxable temporary differences available to utilize unused tax losses, etc.

The Company offsets deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities if, and only if, the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority.

 

31

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(t)

Earnings Per Share

The Company presents basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) data for its common shares. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the profit or loss attributable to common shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to common shareholders and the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential common shares such as convertible bonds and others.

 

(u)

Accounting standards and Interpretation issued and adopted by the Company

The Company has applied the following standards and amendments for the first time for their annual reporting period commencing January 1, 2024.

 

(i)

Amendments to Korean IFRS 1001 Presentation of Financial Statements – Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current, and Non-current Liabilities with Covenants

The amendments clarify that liabilities are classified as either current or non-current, depending on the substantive rights that exist at the end of the reporting period. Classification is unaffected by the likelihood that an entity will exercise right to defer settlement of the liability or the expectations of management. Also, the settlement of liability includes the transfer of the entity’s own equity instruments, however, it would be excluded if an option to settle them by the entity’s own equity instruments if compound financial instruments is met the definition of equity instruments and recognized separately from the liability. In addition, covenants that an entity is required to comply with after the end of the reporting period would not affect classification of a liability as current or non-current at the reporting date. When an entity classifies a liability that is subject to the covenants which an entity is required to comply with within twelve months of the reporting date as non-current at the end of the reporting period, the entity shall disclose information in the notes to understand the risk that non-current liabilities with covenants could become repayable within twelve months after the reporting period. The amendments do not have a significant impact on the financial statements.

 

(ii)

Amendments to Korean IFRS 1007 Statement of Cash Flows, Korean IFRS 1107 Financial Instruments: Disclosures – Supplier finance arrangements

When applying supplier finance arrangements, an entity shall disclose information about its supplier finance arrangements that enables users of financial statements to assess the effects of those arrangements on the entity’s liabilities and cash flows and on the entity’s exposure to liquidity risk. (Note 26)

 

(iii)

Amendments to Korean IFRS 1116 Leases – Lease Liability in a Sale and Leaseback

When subsequently measuring lease liabilities arising from a sale and leaseback, a seller-lessee shall determine lease payments or revised lease payments in a way that the seller-lessee would not recognize any amount of the gain or loss that relates to the right of use retained by the seller-lessee. The amendments do not have a significant impact on the financial statements.

 

32

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(u)

Accounting standards and Interpretation issued and adopted by the Company, Continued

 

(iv)

Amendments to Korean IFRS 1001 Presentation of Financial Statements – Disclosure of Cryptographic Assets

The amendments require an additional disclosure if an entity holds cryptographic assets, or holds cryptographic assets on behalf of the customer, or issues cryptographic assets. The amendments do not have a significant impact on the financial statements.

 

(v)

New standards and interpretations not yet adopted by the Company

The following new accounting standards and interpretations have been published that are not mandatory for December 31, 2024 reporting periods and have not been early adopted by the Company.

 

(i)

Amendments to Korean IFRS 1021 Effect of Exchange Rate Fluctuations, Amendments to Korean IFRS 1101 First Adoption of International Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Adopted by Korea – Lack of exchangeability

The amendment requires the entity to disclose the relevant information when an entity estimates a spot exchange rate because exchangeability between two currencies is lacking. The amendments will take effect in fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2025, and will allow for early application. The amendments do not have a significant impact on the financial statements.

 

(ii)

Amendments to Korean IFRS 1109 Financial Instruments, Amendments to Korean IFRS 1107 Financial Instruments: Disclosure

Korean IFRS 1109 Financial Instruments and Korean IFRS 1107 Financial Instruments: Disclosures have been amended to respond to recent questions arising in practice, and to include new requirements. The amendments should be applied for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2026, and earlier application is permitted.

 

•

clarify the date of recognition and derecognition of some financial assets and liabilities, with a new exception for some financial liabilities settled through an electronic cash transfer system;

 

•

clarify and add further guidance for assessing whether a financial asset meets the solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) criterion;

 

•

add new disclosures of impact on the entity and the extent to which the entity is exposed for each type of financial instruments if the timing or amount of contractual cash flow changes due to amendment of contract term;

 

•

update the disclosures for equity instruments designated at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI).

 

33

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

3.	Material Accounting Policies, Continued

 

(v)

New standards and interpretations not yet adopted by the Company, Continued

 

(iii)

Annual Improvements to Korean IFRS – Volume 11

Annual Improvements to Korean IFRS – Volume 11 shall be effective for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2026, and early application is effective. The amendments are not expected to have a significant impact on the financial statements.

 

•

Korean IFRS 1101 First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards: Hedge accounting by a first-time adopter

 

•

Korean IFRS 1107 Financial Instruments: Disclosures: Gain or loss on derecognition and implementation guidance

 

•

Korean IFRS 1109 Financial Instruments: Derecognition of lease liabilities and definition of transaction price

 

•

Korean IFRS 1110 Consolidated Financial Statements: Determination of a ‘de facto agent’

 

•

Korean IFRS 1007 Statement of Cash Flows: Cost method

 

4.	Cash and Cash Equivalents and Deposits in Banks

Details of cash and cash equivalents and deposits in banks as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

(In millions of won)
		December 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Deposits		W	238,477				334,502
Deposits in banks
Time deposits (*)		W	—				20,000
Non-current assets
Deposits in banks
Deposit for checking account		W	11				11

 

(*)	The balance as of December 31, 2023, consists of funds for business cooperation to aid LG Group companies’ suppliers, which is restricted in use.

 

34

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

5.	Trade Accounts and Notes Receivable, and Other Accounts Receivable

 

(a)

Details of trade accounts and notes receivable and other accounts receivable as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

(In millions of won)
		December 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
Trade accounts and notes receivable		W	4,964,594				3,077,901
Other accounts receivable
Non-trade receivables, net			206,313				108,769
Accrued income, net			19,286				242
Subtotal			225,599				109,011
Total		W	5,190,193				3,186,912

 

(b)

The aging of trade accounts and notes receivable and other accounts receivable as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

(In millions of won)		December 31, 2024
		Original Amount								Allowance for doubtful account
		Trade accounts and notes receivable				Other accounts receivable				Trade accounts and notes receivable				Other accounts receivable
Not past due		W	4,962,069				183,436				(362	)			(283	)
1-15 days past due			2,887				37,621				—				(2	)
16-30 days past due			—				1,914				—				(1	)
31-60 days past due			—				350				—				(3	)
More than 60 days past due			—				2,575				—				(8	)
Total		W	4,964,956				225,896				(362	)			(297	)

 

35

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

5.	Trade Accounts and Notes Receivable, and Other Accounts Receivable, Continued

 

(In millions of won)		December 31, 2023
		Original Amount								Allowance for doubtful account
		Trade accounts and notes receivable				Other accounts receivable				Trade accounts and notes receivable				Other accounts receivable
Not past due		W	3,074,502				105,816				(234	)			(62	)
1-15 days past due			198				1,357				—				—
16-30 days past due			3,435				156				—				(2	)
31-60 days past due			—				168				—				(2	)
More than 60 days past due			—				1,592				—				(12	)
Total		W	3,078,135				109,089				(234	)			(78	)

The movement in the allowance for doubtful account in respect of trade accounts and notes receivable and other accounts receivable for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

(In millions of won)		2024								2023
		Trade accounts and notes receivable				Other accounts receivable				Trade accounts and notes receivable				Other accounts receivable
Beginning balance		W	234				78				229				1,418
(Reversal of) bad debt expense			128				219				5				(8	)
Write-off			—				—				—				(1,332	)
Ending balance		W	362				297				234				78

 

36

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

6.	Other Financial Assets

Details of other financial assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

(In millions of won)
		December 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
Current assets
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
Derivatives (*1)		W	186,676				136,762
Fair value hedging derivatives
Derivatives (*2)		W	99,116				—
Financial assets at amortized cost
Deposits		W	8,181				—
Short-term loans			26,098				26,375
Subtotal		W	34,279				26,375
Total		W	320,071				163,137
Non-current assets
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
Equity securities		W	22,138				3,967
Convertible securities			—				1,838
Derivatives (*1)			69,575				32,941
Subtotal		W	91,713				38,746
Fair value hedging derivatives
Derivatives (*2)		W	19,982				—
Financial assets at amortized cost
Deposits		W	783				8,538
Long-term loans			11,045				33,509
Subtotal		W	11,828				42,047
Total		W	123,523				80,793

 

(*1)

The derivatives, which are not designated as hedging instruments, arise from cross currency interest rate swap contracts and others for the purpose of managing currency and interest rate risks associated with foreign currency denominated borrowings and bonds.

 

(*2)

The derivatives, which are designated as hedging instruments, arise from forward exchange contracts for the purpose of managing currency risk associated with advances received in foreign currency.

 

37

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

7.	Inventories

Details of inventories as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 

1)

December 31, 2024

 

(In millions of won)
		Cost				Valuation allowance				Carrying amount
Finished goods		W	377,955				(29,308	)			348,647
Work-in-process			1,003,741				(79,673	)			924,068
Raw materials			435,557				(16,441	)			419,116
Supplies			111,539				(16,692	)			94,847
Total		W	1,928,792				(142,114	)			1,786,678

 

2)

December 31, 2023

 

(In millions of won)
		Cost				Valuation allowance				Carrying amount
Finished goods		W	321,638				(42,155	)			279,483
Work-in-process			1,071,205				(66,180	)			1,005,025
Raw materials			435,412				(27,334	)			408,078
Supplies			106,548				(18,175	)			88,373
Total		W	1,934,803				(153,844	)			1,780,959

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the amount of inventories recognized as cost of sales and loss reversal on valuation of inventories are as follows:

 

(In millions of won)
		2024				2023
Cost of sales		W	24,476,213				21,446,905
Inventories recognized as expense			24,487,943				21,482,257
Reversal of loss on valuation of inventories			(11,730	)			(35,352	)

 

38

LG DISPLAY CO., LTD.

Notes to the Separate Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023

 

8.	Investments

 

(a)

Details of investments in subsidiaries as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, are as follows:

 

(In millions of won)
Subsidiaries		Location		Business		December 31, 2024								December 31, 2023
						Percentage of ownership				Carrying Amount				Percentage of ownership				Carrying Amount
LG Display America, Inc.		San Jose, U.S.A.		Sales of display products			100	%		W	36,815				100	%		W	36,815
LG Display Germany GmbH		Eschborn, Germany		Sales of display products			100	%			19,373				100	%			19,373
LG Display Japan Co., Ltd.		Tokyo, Japan		Sales of display products			100	%			15,686				100	%			15,686
LG Display Taiwan Co., Ltd.		Taipei, Taiwan		Sales of display products			100	%			35,230				100	%			35,230
LG Display Nanjing Co., Ltd.		Nanjing, China		Production of display products			100	%			593,726				100	%			593,726
LG Display Shanghai Co., Ltd.		Shanghai, China		Sales of display products			100	%			9,093				100	%			9,093
LG Display Guangzhou Co., Ltd.(*1)		Guangzhou, China		Production of display products			100	%			—				100	%			293,557
LG Display Shenzhen Co., Ltd.		Shenzhen, China		Sales of display products			100	%			3,467				100	%			3,467
LG Display Singapore Pte. Ltd.		Singapore		Sales of display products			100	%			1,250				100	%			1,250
L&T Display Technology (Fujian) Limited		Fujian, China		Production and sales of LCD module and LCD monitor sets			51	%			10,123				51	%			10,123
LG Display Yantai Co., Ltd.		Yantai, China		Production of display products			100	%			169,195				100	%			169,195
Nanumnuri Co., Ltd.		Gumi, South Korea		Business facility maintenance			100	%			800				100	%			800
LG Display (China) Co., Ltd.(*1)		Guangzhou, China		Production and sales of display products			51	%			—				51	%			723,086
Unified Innovative Technology, LLC		Wilmington, U.S.A.		Intellectual property management			100	%			9,489				100	%			9,489
LG Display Guangzhou Trading Co., Ltd.		Guangzhou, China		Sales of display products			100	%			218				100	%			218
Global OLED Technology, LLC		Sterling, U.S.A		OLED intellectual property management			100	%			164,322				100	%			164,322
LG Display Vietnam Haiphong Co., Ltd.		Haiphong, Vietnam		Production and sales of display products			100	%			672,658				100	%			672,658
Suzhou Lehui Display Co., Ltd.		Suzhou, China		Production and sales of LCD module and LCD monitor sets			100	%			121,640				100	%			121,640
LG DISPLAY FUND I LLC(*2)		Wilmington, U.S.A		Investment in venture business and technologies			100	%			97,936				100	%			91,105
LG Display High-Tech (China) Co., Ltd.		Guangzhou, China		Production and sales of display products			69	%			1,794,547				69	%			1,794,547
Money Market Trust(*3)		Seoul, Korea		Money market trust			100	%			140,600				100	%			92,900
										W	3,896,168							W	4,858,280

 

(*1)	For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company reclassified as assets held for sale as a result of the ownership sale and purchase agreement.

 

(*2)	For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company contributed W6,831 million in cash for the capital increase of LG DISPLAY FUND I LLC. There was no change in the Company’s percentage of ownership in LG DISPLAY FUND I LLC as a result of this additional investment.

 

39