SEC Form N-2ASR filed by Eaton Vance Corporation Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Oppo
THE SECURITIES ACT of 1933 | ||||
PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. | ||||
POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. |
THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 | ||||
AMENDMENT NO. |
Check box if the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans. |
Check box if any securities being registered on this Form will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 (“Securities Act”), other than securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan. |
Check box if this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction A.2 or a post-effective amendment thereto. |
Check box if this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction B or a post-effective amendment thereto that will become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act. |
Check box if this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction B to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act. |
when declared effective pursuant to section 8(c) |
This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed registration statement. |
This form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is ________. |
This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is ________. |
This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is _______. |
Registered closed‑end fund (closed‑end company that is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“Investment Company Act”)). |
Business development company (closed‑end company that intends or has elected to be regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act). |
Interval fund (Registered Closed‑End Fund or a Business Development Company that makes periodic repurchase offers under Rule 23c‑3 under the Investment Company Act). |
A.2 Qualified (qualified to register securities pursuant to General Instruction A.2 of this Form). |
Well-Known Seasoned Issuer (as defined by Rule 405 under the Securities Act). |
Emerging Growth Company (as defined by Rule 12b‑2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”). |
☐ | If an Emerging Growth Company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of Securities Act. |
New Registrant (registered or regulated under the Investment Company Act for less than 12 calendar months preceding this filing). |


Eaton Vance Tax‑Managed Buy‑Write Opportunities Fund | 1 | Prospectus dated April 29, 2025 |
Eaton Vance Tax‑Managed Buy‑Write Opportunities Fund | 3 | Prospectus dated April 29, 2025 |
Common Shareholder transaction expenses | ||||
Sales load paid by you |
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Offering expenses |
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Dividend reinvestment plan fees |
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Annual expenses | attributable to Common Shares |
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Investment adviser fee |
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Other expenses |
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Total annual Fund operating expenses |
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1 Year |
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10 Years | |||
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Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||
Net asset value – Beginning of year |
$ | 13.21 | $ | 12.10 | $ | 16.13 | $ | 14.48 | $ | 14.64 | ||||||||||
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Income (Loss) From Operations |
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Net investment income(1) |
$ | 0.03 | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 0.01 | $ | 0.07 | ||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
2.89 | 2.21 | (2.79 | ) | 2.91 | 1.08 | ||||||||||||||
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Total income (loss) from operations |
$ | 2.92 | $ | 2.25 | $ | (2.74 | ) | $ | 2.92 | $ | 1.15 | |||||||||
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Less Distributions |
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From net investment income |
$ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | — | $ | (0.07 | ) | ||||||
From net realized gain |
(0.93 | ) | (0.54 | ) | (0.40 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||
Tax return of capital |
(0.22 | ) | (0.56 | ) | (0.85 | ) | (1.33 | ) | (1.26 | ) | ||||||||||
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Total distributions |
$ | (1.18 | ) | $ | (1.14 | ) | $ | (1.30 | ) | $ | (1.33 | ) | $ | (1.33 | ) | |||||
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Premium from common shares sold through shelf offering(1) |
$ | — | $ | — | $ | 0.01 | $ | 0.06 | $ | 0.02 | ||||||||||
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Net asset value – End of year |
$ | 14.95 | $ | 13.21 | $ | 12.10 | $ | 16.13 | $ | 14.48 | ||||||||||
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Market value – End of year |
$ | 14.41 | $ | 12.33 | $ | 12.28 | $ | 16.74 | $ | 15.35 | ||||||||||
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Total Investment Return on Net Asset Value(2) |
23.52 | % | 19.58 | % | (17.55 | )% | 21.39 | % | 9.14 | % | ||||||||||
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Total Investment Return on Market Value(2) |
27.56 | % | 9.98 | % | (19.37) | % | 18.84 | % | 13.30 | % | ||||||||||
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Ratios/Supplemental Data |
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Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted) |
$ | 1,745,593 | $ | 1,542,091 | $ | 1,321,452 | $ | 1,694,817 | $ | 1,327,348 | ||||||||||
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):(3) |
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Total expenses |
1.08 | % | 1.09 | % | 1.08 | % | 1.08 | % | 1.09 | % | ||||||||||
Net expenses |
1.08 | %(4) | 1.09 | %(4) | 1.08 | %(4) | 1.08 | % | 1.09 | % | ||||||||||
Net investment income |
0.19 | % | 0.34 | % | 0.39 | % | 0.08 | % | 0.55 | % | ||||||||||
Portfolio Turnover |
3 | % | 8 | % | 19 | % | 9 | % | 9 | % |
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | ||||||||||||||||
Net asset value – Beginning of year |
$ | 13.36 | $ | 15.01 | $ | 14.05 | $ | 14.57 | $ | 14.84 | ||||||||||
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Income (Loss) From Operations |
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Net investment income(1) |
$ | 0.08 | $ | 0.08 | $ | 0.09 | $ | 0.12 | $ | 0.11 | ||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
2.49 | (0.44 | ) | 2.17 | 0.69 | 0.95 | ||||||||||||||
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Total income (loss) from operations |
$ | 2.57 | $ | (0.36 | ) | $ | 2.26 | $ | 0.81 | $ | 1.06 | |||||||||
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Less Distributions |
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From net investment income |
$ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.09 | ) | $ | (0.12 | ) | $ | (0.13 | ) | |||||
From net realized gain |
— | (0.39 | ) | — | (0.43 | ) | (0.80 | ) | ||||||||||||
Tax return of capital |
(1.25 | ) | (0.86 | ) | (1.24 | ) | (0.78 | ) | (0.40 | ) | ||||||||||
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Total distributions |
$ | (1.33 | ) | $ | (1.33 | ) | $ | (1.33 | ) | $ | (1.33 | ) | $ | (1.33 | ) | |||||
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Anti-dilutive effect of share repurchase program(1) |
$ | 0.04 | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.03 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||
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Net asset value – End of year |
$ | 14.64 | $ | 13.36 | $ | 15.01 | $ | 14.05 | $ | 14.57 | ||||||||||
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Market value – End of year |
$ | 14.95 | $ | 13.48 | $ | 15.37 | $ | 14.84 | $ | 15.30 | ||||||||||
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Total Investment Return on Net Asset Value(2) |
20.23 | % | (2.65 | )% | 16.93 | % | 6.04 | % | 7.32 | % | ||||||||||
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Total Investment Return on Market Value(2) |
21.68 | % | (4.08 | )% | 13.36 | % | 6.58 | % | 19.04 | % | ||||||||||
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Ratios/Supplemental Data |
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Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted) |
$ | 1,268,146 | $ | 1,039,071 | $ | 1,023,066 | $ | 898,991 | $ | 929,375 | ||||||||||
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
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Expenses(5) |
1.08 | % | 1.09 | % | 1.08 | % | 1.09 | % | 1.08 | % | ||||||||||
Net investment income |
0.59 | % | 0.52 | % | 0.61 | % | 0.85 | % | 0.73 | % | ||||||||||
Portfolio Turnover |
6 | % | 9 | % | 4 | % | 4 | % | 5 | % |
(1) | Computed using average shares outstanding. |
(2) | Returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or market value with all distributions reinvested. Distributions are assumed to be reinvested at prices obtained under the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan. |
(3) | Total expenses do not reflect amounts reimbursed and/or waived by the adviser and certain of its affiliates, if applicable. Net expenses are net of all reductions and represent the net expenses paid by the Fund. |
(4) | Includes a reduction by the investment adviser of a portion of its adviser fee due to the Fund’s investment in the Liquidity Fund (equal to less than 0.005% of average daily net assets for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022). |
(5) | Excludes the effect of custody fee credits, if any, of less than 0.005%. Effective September 1, 2015, custody fee credits, which were earned on cash deposit balances, were discontinued by the custodian. |
Market Price | NAV per Share on Date of Market Price |
NAV Premium/(Discount) on Date of Market Price |
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Fiscal Quarter Ended |
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3/31/2025 |
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3/31/2023 |
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Title of Class |
Amount Authorized | Amount Held by the Fund for its Account |
Amount Outstanding | |||
Unlimited |
• | The Fund’s SAI, dated April 29, 2025, filed with this Prospectus; |
• | The Fund’s annual report on Form N‑CSR for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the SEC on February 27, 2025; and |
• | The description of the Fund’s Common Shares contained in its Registration Statement on Form 8‑A filed with the SEC on May 18, 2005, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description prior to the termination of the offering registered hereby. |
FACTS | WHAT DOES EATON VANCE DO WITH YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION | |||
Why? | Financial companies choose how they share your personal information. Federal law gives consumers the right to limit some but not all sharing. Federal law also requires us to tell you how we collect, share, and protect your personal information. Please read this notice carefully to understand what we do. | |||
What? | The types of personal information we collect and share depend on the product or service you have with us. This information can include: • Social Security number and income • investment experience and risk tolerance • checking account information and wire transfer instructions | |||
How? | All financial companies need to share customers’ personal information to run their everyday business. In the section below, we list the reasons financial companies can share their customers’ personal information; the reasons Eaton Vance chooses to share; and whether you can limit this sharing. | |||
Reasons we can share your personal information | Does Eaton Vance share? |
Can you limit this sharing? | ||
For our everyday business purposes— such as to process your transactions, maintain your account(s), respond to court orders and legal investigations, or report to credit bureaus | Yes | No | ||
For our marketing purposes— to offer our products and services to you | Yes | No | ||
For joint marketing with other financial companies | No | We don’t share | ||
For our affiliates’ everyday business purposes— information about your transactions and experiences | Yes | No* | ||
For our affiliates’ everyday business purposes— information about your creditworthiness | Yes | Yes* | ||
For our affiliates to market to you | Yes | Yes* | ||
For nonaffiliates to market to you | No | We don’t share | ||
To limit our sharing | Call toll-free 1‑800‑262‑1122 or email: [email protected] Please note: If you are a new customer, we can begin sharing your information 30 days from the date we sent this notice. When you are no longer our customer, we continue to share your information as described in this notice. However, you can contact us at any time to limit our sharing. |
Questions? | Call toll-free 1‑800‑262‑1122 or email: [email protected] | |
Who we are | ||
Who is providing this notice? | Eaton Vance Management and our investment management affiliates (“Eaton Vance”) (see Affiliates definition below.) | |
What we do | ||
How does Eaton Vance protect my personal information? | To protect your personal information from unauthorized access and use, we use security measures that comply with federal law. These measures include computer safeguards and secured files and buildings. We have policies governing the proper handling of customer information by personnel and requiring third parties that provide support to adhere to appropriate security standards with respect to such information. | |
How does Eaton Vance collect my personal information? | We collect your personal information, for example, when you • open an account or make deposits or withdrawals from your account • buy securities from us or make a wire transfer • give us your contact information We also collect your personal information from others, such as credit bureaus, affiliates, or other companies. | |
Why can’t I limit all sharing? | Federal law gives you the right to limit only • sharing for affiliates’ everyday business purposes – information about your creditworthiness • affiliates from using your information to market to you • sharing for nonaffiliates to market to you State laws and individual companies may give you additional rights to limit sharing. See below for more on your rights under state law. | |
What happens when I limit sharing for an account I hold jointly with someone else? | Your choices will apply to everyone on your account. |
Definitions | ||
Affiliates | Companies related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and nonfinancial companies. • Our affiliates include registered investment advisers such as Eaton Vance Management, Eaton Vance Advisers International Ltd., Boston Management and Research, Calvert Research and Management, Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC, Atlanta Capital Management Company LLC, Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc., Morgan Stanley Investment Management Co.; registered broker-dealers such as Morgan Stanley Distributors Inc. and Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (together, the “Investment Management Affiliates”); and companies with a Morgan Stanley name and financial companies such as Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC and Morgan Stanley & Co. (the “Morgan Stanley Affiliates”). | |
Nonaffiliates | Companies not related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and nonfinancial companies. • Eaton Vance does not share with nonaffiliates so they can market to you. | |
Joint marketing | A formal agreement between nonaffiliated financial companies that together market financial products or services to you. • Eaton Vance does not jointly market. |
* | PLEASE NOTE: Eaton Vance does not share your creditworthiness information or your transactions and experiences information with the Morgan Stanley Affiliates, nor does Eaton Vance enable the Morgan Stanley Affiliates to market to you. Your opt outs will prevent Eaton Vance from sharing your creditworthiness information with the Investment Management Affiliates and will prevent the Investment Management Affiliates from marketing their products to you. |
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STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION April 29, 2025 |
EATON VANCE TAX-MANAGED BUY-WRITE OPPORTUNITIES FUND
One Post Office Square
Boston, Massachusetts 02109
1-800-262-1122
Table of Contents
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APPENDIX A: Eaton Vance Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures |
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APPENDIX C: Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures |
57 |
THIS STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (“SAI”) IS NOT A PROSPECTUS AND IS AUTHORIZED FOR DISTRIBUTION TO PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS ONLY IF PRECEDED OR ACCOMPANIED BY THE PROSPECTUS OF EATON VANCE TAX-MANAGED BUY-WRITE OPPORTUNITIES FUND (THE “FUND”) DATED APRIL 29, 2025 (THE “PROSPECTUS”), AS SUPPLEMENTED FROM TIME TO TIME, WHICH IS INCORPORATED HEREIN BY REFERENCE. THIS SAI SHOULD BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH SUCH PROSPECTUS, A COPY OF WHICH MAY BE OBTAINED WITHOUT CHARGE BY CONTACTING YOUR FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY OR CALLING THE FUND AT 1-800-262-1122.
Capitalized terms used in this SAI and not otherwise defined have the meanings given them in the Fund’s Prospectus and any related Prospectus Supplements.
ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT INFORMATION AND RESTRICTIONS
Primary investment strategies are described in the Prospectus. The following is a description of the various investment policies that may be engaged in, whether as a primary or secondary strategy, and a summary of certain attendant risks.
Equity Investments. As described in the Prospectus, under normal market conditions, the Fund invests primarily in common stocks.
Preferred Stocks. The Fund may invest in preferred stocks of both domestic and foreign issuers. Under normal market conditions, the Fund expects, with respect to that portion of its total assets invested in preferred stocks, to invest only in preferred stocks of investment grade quality as determined by S&P, Fitch or Moody’s or, if unrated, determined to be of comparable quality by Eaton Vance. The foregoing credit quality policies apply only at the time a security is purchased, and the Fund is not required to dispose of a security in the event of a downgrade of an assessment of credit quality or the withdrawal of a rating.
Preferred stock represents an equity interest in a corporation, company or trust that has a higher claim on the assets and earnings than common stock. Preferred stock usually has limited voting rights. Preferred stock involves credit risk, which is the risk that a preferred stock will decline in price, or fail to pay dividends when expected, because the issuer experiences a decline in its financial status. A company’s preferred stock generally pays dividends after the company makes the required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt instruments but before dividend payments are made to common stockholders. However, preferred stock may not pay scheduled dividends or dividend payments may be in arrears. The value of preferred stock may react more strongly than bonds and other debt instruments to actual or perceived changes in the company’s financial condition or prospects. Certain preferred stocks may be convertible to common stock. Preferred stock may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a predetermined price. Because they may make regular income payments, preferred stocks may be considered fixed-income securities for purposes of a Fund’s investment restrictions. In addition to credit risk, investment in preferred stocks involves certain other risks as more fully described in the Prospectus.
Derivative Instruments. Generally, derivatives can be characterized as financial instruments whose performance is derived at least in part from the performance of an underlying reference instrument. Derivative instruments may be acquired in the United States or abroad and include the various types of exchange-traded and over-the-counter (“OTC”) instruments described herein and other instruments with substantially similar characteristics and risks. Depending on the type of derivative instrument and the Fund’s investment strategy, a derivative instrument may be based on a security, instrument, index, currency, commodity, economic indicator or event (referred to as “reference instruments”).
In addition to writing index call options, the risks of which are described in the Prospectus, the Fund may invest up to 20% of its total assets in other derivative instruments acquired for hedging, risk management and investment purposes (to gain exposure to securities, securities markets, markets indices and/or currencies consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies), provided that no more than 10% of the Fund’s total assets may be invested in such derivative instruments acquired for non-hedging purposes. In the course of pursuing these investment strategies, the Fund may: purchase and sell exchange-listed and over-the-counter put and call options on securities, equity and fixed-income indices and other instruments; purchase and sell futures contracts and options thereon; and enter into various transactions such as swaps, caps, floors or collars. In addition, derivatives may include new techniques, instruments or strategies that are permitted as regulatory changes occur. Foreign exchange traded futures contracts and options thereon may be used only if the Adviser determines that trading on such foreign exchange does not entail risks, including credit and liquidity risks, that are materially greater than the risks associated with trading on CFTC-regulated exchanges.
Derivative instruments are subject to a number of risks, including adverse or unexpected movements in the price of the reference instrument, and counterparty, liquidity, tax, correlation and leverage risks. Use of derivative instruments may cause the realization of higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates) than if such instruments had not been used. Success in using derivative instruments to hedge portfolio assets depends on the degree of price correlation between the derivative instruments and the hedged asset. Imperfect correlation may be caused by several factors, including temporary price disparities among the trading markets for the derivative instrument, the reference instrument and the Fund’s assets. To the extent that a derivative instrument is intended to hedge against an event that does not occur, the Fund may realize losses. Derivatives permit the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of its portfolio by making investments in specific securities. There can be no assurance that the use of derivative instruments will benefit the Fund.
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 2 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Options. An option contract is a contract that gives the holder of the option, in return for a premium, the right to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a put) the writer of the option the reference instrument underlying the option (or the cash value of the index) at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the option. The writer of an option on a security has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the reference instrument (or the cash) upon payment of the exercise price or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the reference instrument (or the cash). Upon exercise of an index option, the writer of an option on an index is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the index and the exercise price multiplied by the specified multiplier for the index option. Options may be “covered,” meaning that the party required to deliver the reference instrument if the option is exercised owns that instrument (or has set aside sufficient assets to meet its obligation to deliver the instrument). Options may be listed on an exchange or traded in the OTC market. In general, exchange-traded options have standardized exercise prices and expiration dates and may require the parties to post margin against their obligations, and the performance of the parties’ obligations in connection with such options is guaranteed by the exchange or a related clearing corporation. OTC options have more flexible terms negotiated between the buyer and the seller and are subject to increased counterparty risk. The ability of the Fund to transact business with any one or any number of counterparties, the lack of any independent evaluation of the counterparties or their financial capabilities, and the absence of a regulated market to facilitate settlement, may increase the potential for losses to the Fund. OTC options also involve greater liquidity risk. This risk may be increased in times of financial stress, if the trading market for OTC derivative contracts becomes limited. Derivatives on economic indicators generally are offered in an auction format and are booked and settled as OTC options. Options on futures contracts are discussed herein under “Futures and Options Thereon.”
If a written option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. If a purchased option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital loss equal to the premium paid. Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an exchange traded option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, reference instrument, exercise price, and expiration). A capital gain will be realized from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, a capital loss will be realized. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, the current market price of the reference instrument in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the reference instrument, and the time remaining until the expiration date. There can be no assurance that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be consummated when desired.
Straddles are a combination of a call and a put written on the same reference instrument. A straddle is deemed to be covered when sufficient assets are deposited to meet the Fund’s immediate obligations. The same liquid assets may be used to cover both the call and put options where the exercise price of the call and put are the same, or the exercise price of the call is higher than that of the put. The Fund may also buy and write call options on the same reference instrument to cover its obligations. Because such combined options positions involve multiple trades, they result in higher transaction costs and may be more difficult to open or close. In an equity collar, the Fund simultaneously writes a call option and purchases a put option on the same instrument.
To the extent that the Fund writes a call option on an instrument it holds and intends to use such instrument as the sole means of “covering” its obligation under the call option, the Fund has, in return for the premium on the option, given up the opportunity to profit from a price increase in the instrument above the exercise price during the option period, but, as long as its obligation under such call option continues, has retained the risk of loss should the value of the reference instrument decline. If the Fund were unable to close out such a call option, it would not be able to sell the instrument unless the option expired without exercise. Uncovered calls have speculative characteristics and are riskier than covered calls because there is no instrument or cover held by the Fund that can act as a partial hedge.
In an “American style” option (which can generally be exercised at any time during the term of the option), the writer of an option has no control over the time when it may be required to fulfill its obligation under the option. With all options, once an option writer has received an exercise notice, it cannot effect a closing purchase transaction in order to terminate its obligation under the option and must deliver the underlying reference instrument at the exercise price. If a put or call option purchased by the Fund is not sold when it has remaining value, and if the market price of the underlying security remains equal to or greater than the exercise price (in the case of a put), or remains less than or equal to the exercise price (in the case of a call), the Fund will lose the premium it paid for the option. Furthermore, if trading restrictions or suspensions are imposed on options markets, the Fund may be unable to close out a position.
Futures and Options Thereon. The Fund may engage in transactions in futures and options on futures. Futures are standardized, exchange-traded contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of an asset at a specified future date at a specified price. No price is paid upon entering into a futures contract. Rather, upon purchasing or selling a futures contract the Fund is required to deposit collateral (“margin”) equal to a percentage of the contract value. Each day thereafter until the futures position is closed, the Fund will pay additional margin representing any loss experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day or be entitled to a payment representing any profit experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day. Futures involve substantial leverage risk. The sale of a futures contract limits the Fund’s risk of loss from a decline in the market value of portfolio holdings correlated with the futures contract prior to the futures contract’s expiration date. In the event the market value of the Fund holdings correlated with the futures contract increases rather than decreases, however, the Fund will realize a loss on the futures position and a lower return on the Fund holdings than would have been realized without the purchase of the futures contract.
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The purchase of a futures contract may protect the Fund from having to pay more for securities as a consequence of increases in the market value for such securities during a period when the Fund was attempting to identify specific securities in which to invest in a market the Fund believes to be attractive. In the event that such securities decline in value or the Fund determines not to complete an anticipatory hedge transaction relating to a futures contract, however, the Fund may realize a loss relating to the futures position.
The Fund is also authorized to purchase or sell call and put options on futures contracts including financial futures and stock indices. Generally, these strategies would be used under the same market and market sector conditions (i.e., conditions relating to specific types of investments) in which the Fund entered into futures transactions. The Fund may purchase put options or write call options on futures contracts and stock indices in lieu of selling the underlying futures contract in anticipation of a decrease in the market value of its securities. Similarly, the Fund can purchase call options, or write put options on futures contracts and stock indices, as a substitute for the purchase of such futures to hedge against the increased cost resulting from an increase in the market value of securities which the Fund intends to purchase.
Risks Associated with Futures. The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts and options are (a) the imperfect correlation between the change in market value of the instruments held by the Fund and the price of the futures contract or option; (b) possible lack of a liquid secondary market for a futures contract and the resulting inability to close a futures contract when desired; (c) losses caused by unanticipated market movements, which are potentially unlimited; (d) the investment adviser’s inability to predict correctly the direction of securities prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates and other economic factors; and (e) the possibility that the counterparty will default in the performance of its obligations.
Swap Agreements. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on a particular predetermined reference instrument or instruments, which can be adjusted for an interest rate factor. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate or in a “basket” of securities representing a particular index). Other types of swap agreements may calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a “net basis.” Consequently, a party’s current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the “net amount”).
Whether the use of swap agreements will be successful will depend on the investment adviser’s ability to predict correctly whether certain types of reference instruments are likely to produce greater returns than other instruments. Swap agreements may be subject to contractual restrictions on transferability and termination and they frequently have terms of greater than seven days. The Fund’s obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund under the swap). Developments in the swaps market, including government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements, as well as to participate in swap agreements in the future. If there is a default by the counterparty to a swap, the Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the swap agreement, but any recovery may be delayed and/or extinguished depending on the circumstances of the default. To attempt to limit the counterparty risk involved in swap agreements, the Fund will only enter into swap agreements with counterparties that meet certain criteria. Although there can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to do so, the Fund may be able to reduce or eliminate its exposure under a swap agreement either by assignment or other disposition, or by entering into an offsetting swap agreement with the same party or another creditworthy party. The Fund may have particularly limited ability to eliminate its exposure under a credit default swap if the credit of the reference instrument has declined.
The derivatives markets are subject to a various forms of regulatory oversight. In particular, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) and related regulations require most derivatives to be margined and reported, require certain derivatives to be cleared and in some cases also traded on an exchange, impose business conduct requirements on counterparties, and impose other regulatory requirements that impact derivatives markets. The implementation of these requirements or additional future regulation of the derivatives markets may make the use of derivatives more costly, may limit the availability or reduce the liquidity of derivatives, and may impose limits or restrictions on the counterparties with which the Fund engages in derivative transactions. The Adviser cannot fully predict the effects of any governmental regulation, and there can be no assurance that any government regulation will not adversely affect the Fund’s performance or ability to achieve its investment objectives.
Regulatory bodies outside the U.S. have also implemented and continue to implement rules and regulations similar to the Dodd-Frank Act and such actions could similarly increase the costs of participating in, or otherwise adversely impact the liquidity of, participating in the derivatives markets. U.S. and global regulators have issued final rules that require the exchange of variation and in some cases,
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initial margin in respect of uncleared derivatives. In addition, regulations adopted by global prudential regulators require certain regulated entities and certain of their affiliates and subsidiaries (including swap dealers) to include in their derivatives contracts, terms that delay or restrict the rights of counterparties (such as the Fund) to terminate such contracts, foreclose upon collateral, exercise other default rights or restrict transfers of credit support in the event that the regulated entity and/or its affiliates are subject to certain types of resolution or insolvency proceedings. Similar regulations and laws have been adopted in non-U.S. jurisdictions that may apply to the Fund’s counterparties located in those jurisdictions. It is possible that these requirements, as well as potential additional related government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to terminate existing derivatives contracts, exercise default rights or satisfy obligations owed to it with collateral received under such contracts.
The SEC adopted Rule 18f-4 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), which applies to the Fund’s use of derivative investments and certain financing transactions. Among other things, Rule 18f-4 requires certain funds that invest in derivative instruments beyond a specified limited amount (generally greater than 10% of the Fund’s net assets) to apply a value-at-risk based limit to their use of certain derivative instruments and financing transactions and to adopt and implement a derivatives risk management program. To the extent the Fund uses derivative instruments (excluding certain currency and interest rate hedging transactions) in a limited amount (generally up to 10% of the Fund’s net assets), it will not be subject to the full requirements of Rule 18f-4. In addition, to the extent that the Fund enters into reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions, the Fund may elect to either treat all of its reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions as derivatives transactions for purposes of Rule 18f-4 or comply (with respect to reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions) with the asset coverage requirements under Section 18 of the 1940 Act. The implementation of these requirements or additional future regulation of the derivatives markets may make the use of derivatives more costly, may limit the availability or reduce the liquidity of derivatives, and may impose limits or restrictions on the counterparties with which the Fund engages in derivative transactions. The Adviser cannot fully predict the effects of any governmental regulation, and there can be no assurance that any government regulation will not adversely affect the Fund’s performance or ability to achieve its investment objectives.
Interest Rate Swaps, Caps and Floors. Interest rate swaps are OTC contracts in which each party agrees to make a periodic interest payment based on an index or the value of an asset in return for a periodic payment from the other party based on a different index or asset. The purchase of an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate floor. The purchase of an interest rate cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index rises above a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate cap. The Fund usually will enter into interest rate swap transactions on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Fund’s obligations over its entitlements with respect to each interest rate swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the interest rate swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Fund’s obligations will be accrued on a daily basis. Certain U.S. federal income tax requirements may limit the Fund’s ability to engage in certain interest rate transactions.
OTC Derivatives. OTC derivative instruments involve additional risk that the issuer or counterparty may fail to perform its contractual obligations. Some derivative instruments are not readily marketable or may become illiquid under adverse market conditions. In addition, during periods of market volatility, an option or commodity exchange or swap execution facility or clearinghouse may suspend or limit trading in an exchange-traded derivative instrument, which may make the contract temporarily illiquid and difficult to price. Commodity exchanges may also establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a futures contract or futures option can vary from the previous day’s settlement price. Once the daily limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. This may prevent the closing out of positions to limit losses. The ability to terminate OTC derivative instruments may depend on the cooperation of the counterparties to such contracts. For thinly traded derivative instruments, the only source of price quotations may be the selling dealer or counterparty. In addition, certain provisions of the Code limit the use of derivative instruments. Derivatives permit the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of its portfolio by making investments in specific securities. There can be no assurance that the use of derivative instruments will benefit the Fund.
Short Sales. The Fund may sell a security short if it owns at least an equal amount of the security sold short or another security convertible or exchangeable for an equal amount of the security sold short without payment of further compensation (a short sale against-the-box). If the price of the security in the short sale decreases, the Fund will realize a profit to the extent that the short sale price for the security exceeds the market price. If the price of the security increases, the Fund will realize a loss to the extent that the market price exceeds the short sale price. Selling securities short runs the risk of losing an amount greater than the initial investment therein.
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Purchasing securities to close out the short position can itself cause the price of the securities to rise further, thereby exacerbating the loss. Short-selling exposes the Fund to unlimited risk with respect to that security due to the lack of an upper limit on the price to which an instrument can rise. Although the Fund reserves the right to utilize short sales, the Adviser is under no obligation to utilize short-sales at all.
The SEC has adopted new rules requiring investment managers to file monthly confidential reports with the SEC regarding equity short sales and related activity. Under the new rules, the SEC will publicly disclose aggregated short position information on a monthly basis. The SEC also adopted a rule that will require reporting and public disclosure of securities loan transaction information (not including party names); this may include, but is not limited to, information about securities loans entered into in connection with short sales. Compliance with both of these new sets of rules is currently expected to be in early 2026. In addition, other non-U.S. jurisdictions (such as the EU and the UK) where a Fund may trade have reporting requirements. Short sales are also subject to certain SEC regulations and certain EU and UK regulations (under which there are restrictions on net short sales in certain securities). In response to market events, the SEC and regulatory authorities in other jurisdictions may adopt (and in certain cases, have adopted) bans or other restrictions on short sales of certain securities or on derivatives and other hedging instruments used to achieve a similar economic effect. Such bans or other restrictions may limit the Fund’s ability to execute certain investment strategies.
When-Issued, Delayed Delivery and Forward Commitment Transactions. Securities may be purchased on a “forward commitment,” “when-issued” or “delayed delivery” basis (meaning securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place in the future) in order to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction. When the Fund agrees to purchase such securities, it assumes the risk of any decline in value of the security from the date of the agreement to purchase. The Fund does not earn interest on the securities it has committed to purchase until they are paid for and delivered on the settlement date.
From the time of entering into the transaction until delivery and payment is made at a later date, the securities that are the subject of the transaction are subject to market fluctuations. In forward commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery transactions, if the seller or buyer, as the case may be, fails to consummate the transaction the counterparty may miss the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous. However, no payment or delivery is made until payment is received or delivery is made from the other party to the transaction.
The Fund will make commitments to purchase when-issued securities only with the intention of actually acquiring the securities, but may sell such securities before the settlement date if it is deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy.
Real Estate Investments. Companies primarily engaged in the real estate industry and other real estate-related investments may include publicly traded real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) or real estate operating companies that either own properties or make construction or mortgage loans, real estate developers, companies with substantial real estate holdings and other companies whose products and services are related to the real estate industry, such as lodging operators, brokers, property management companies, building supply manufacturers, mortgage lenders, or mortgage servicing companies. REITs tend to be small to medium-sized companies, and may include equity REITs and mortgage REITs. The value of a REIT can depend on the structure of and cash flow generated by the REIT. REITs are pooled investment vehicles that have expenses of their own, so the Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of those expenses. The Fund will not own real estate directly.
Real estate investments are subject to special risks including changes in real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have an exaggerated effect to the extent that investments concentrate in particular geographic regions or property types.
Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying property owned by the REIT, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended. Further, equity and mortgage REITs are dependent upon management skills and generally may not be diversified. Equity and mortgage REITs are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency, defaults by borrowers, and self-liquidations. In addition, equity and mortgage REITs could possibly fail to qualify for tax-free pass through of income or to maintain their exemptions from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The above factors may also adversely affect a borrower’s or a lessee’s ability to meet its obligations to a REIT. In the event of a default by a borrower or lessee, a REIT may experience delays in enforcing its rights as a mortgagee or lessor and may incur substantial costs associated with protecting its investments. Shares of REITs may trade less frequently and, therefore, are subject to more erratic price movements than securities of larger issuers. REITs are also subject to credit, market, liquidity and interest rate risks. REITs may issue debt securities to fund their activities. The value of these debt securities may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying property owned by the REIT, the creditworthiness of the REIT, interest rates, and tax and regulatory requirements, among other things.
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Securities Lending. As described in the Prospectus, the Fund may lend a portion of its portfolio securities to broker-dealers or other institutional borrowers. Loans will be made only to organizations whose credit quality or claims paying ability is considered by the Adviser to be at least investment grade. All securities loans will be collateralized on a continuous basis by cash, cash equivalents (such as money market instruments) or U.S. Government securities having a value, marked to market daily, of at least 100% of the market value of the loaned securities. The Fund may receive loan fees in connection with loans that are collateralized by securities or on loans of securities for which there is special demand. The Fund may also seek to earn income on securities loans by reinvesting cash collateral in securities consistent with its investment objectives and policies, seeking to invest at rates that are higher than the “rebate” rate that it normally will pay to the borrower with respect to such cash collateral. Any such reinvestment will be subject to the investment policies, restrictions and risk considerations described in the Prospectus and in this SAI.
Securities loans may result in delays in recovering, or a failure of the borrower to return, the loaned securities. The defaulting borrower ordinarily would be liable to the Fund for any losses resulting from such delays or failures, and the collateral provided in connection with the loan normally would also be available for that purpose. Securities loans normally may be terminated by either the Fund or the borrower at any time. Upon termination and the return of the loaned securities, the Fund would be required to return the related cash or securities collateral to the borrower and it may be required to liquidate longer term portfolio securities in order to do so. To the extent that such securities have decreased in value, this may result in the Fund realizing a loss at a time when it would not otherwise do so. The Fund also may incur losses if it is unable to reinvest cash collateral at rates higher than applicable rebate rates paid to borrowers and related administrative costs. These risks are substantially the same as those incurred through investment leverage and will be subject to the investment policies, restrictions and risk considerations described in the Prospectus and in this SAI.
The Fund will receive amounts equivalent to any interest or other distributions paid on securities while they are on loan, and the Fund will not be entitled to exercise voting or other beneficial rights on loaned securities. The Fund will exercise its right to terminate loans and thereby regain these rights whenever the Adviser considers it to be in the Fund’s interest to do so, taking into account the related loss of reinvestment income and other factors.
The SEC recently adopted a rule that will require reporting and public disclosure of certain securities loan transaction information (not including party names); this may include, but is not limited to, information about securities loans entered into in connection with short sales. While it is currently difficult to predict the full impact of this new rule, the rule could make it more difficult for the Fund to execute certain investment strategies and may have an adverse effect on a Fund’s ability to generate returns.
Cybersecurity Risk. With the increased use of technologies by Fund service providers to conduct business, such as the Internet, the Fund is susceptible to operational, information security and related risks. The Fund relies on communications technology, systems, and networks to engage with clients, employees, accounts, shareholders, and service providers, and a cyber incident may inhibit the Fund’s ability to use these technologies. In general, cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyber attacks include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to digital systems (e.g., through “hacking” or malicious software coding) for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. Cyber attacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks on websites or via “ransomware” that renders the systems inoperable until appropriate actions are taken. A denial-of-service attack is an effort to make network services unavailable to intended users, which could cause shareholders to lose access to their electronic accounts, potentially indefinitely. Employees and service providers also may not be able to access electronic systems to perform critical duties for the Fund, such as trading NAV calculation, shareholder accounting or fulfillment of Fund share purchases and redemptions, during a denial-of-service attack. There is also the possibility for systems failures due to malfunctions, user error and misconduct by employees and agents, natural disasters, or other foreseeable and unforeseeable events.
Because technology is consistently changing, new ways to carry out cyber attacks are always developing. Therefore, there is a chance that some risks have not been identified or prepared for, or that an attack may not be detected, which puts limitations on the Fund’s ability to plan for or respond to a cyber attack. Similar types of cybersecurity risks also are present for issuers of securities in which the Fund invests, which could have material adverse consequences for those issuers and result in a decline in the market price of their securities. Furthermore, as a result of cyber attacks, technological disruptions, malfunctions or failures, an exchange or market may close or suspend trading in specific securities or the entire market, which could prevent the Fund from, among other things, buying or selling the Fund or accurately pricing its securities. Like other funds and business enterprises, the Fund and its service providers have experienced, and will continue to experience, cyber incidents consistently. In addition to deliberate cyber attacks, unintentional cyber incidents can occur, such as the inadvertent release of confidential information by the Fund or its service providers.
The Fund uses third party service providers who are also heavily dependent on computers and technology for their operations. Cybersecurity failures by or breaches of the Fund’s investment adviser or administrator and other service providers (including, but not limited to, the custodian or transfer agent), and the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests, may disrupt and otherwise adversely affect their business operations. This may result in financial losses to the Fund, impede Fund trading, interfere with the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV, limit a shareholder’s ability to purchase or redeem shares of the Fund or cause violations of applicable privacy
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and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, litigation costs, or additional compliance costs. While many of the Fund’s service providers have established business continuity plans and risk management systems intended to identify and mitigate cyber attacks, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified. The Fund cannot control the cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by service providers to the Fund and issuers in which the Fund invests. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.
Operational Risk. The Fund’s service providers, including the investment adviser, may experience disruptions or operating errors that could negatively impact the Fund. Disruptive events, including (but not limited to) natural disasters and public health crises, may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to conduct business, in particular if the Fund’s employees or the employees of its service providers are unable or unwilling to perform their responsibilities as a result of any such event. While service providers are expected to have appropriate operational risk management policies and procedures, their methods of operational risk management may differ from the Fund’s in the setting of priorities, the personnel and resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. It also is not possible for Fund service providers to identify all of the operational risks that may affect the Fund or to develop processes and controls to completely eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects. To the extent the investment adviser or other service providers use or rely on proprietary and/or third-party technology and data, such uses are subject to operational risks associated with processing or human errors, systems or technology failures, cyber attacks, and errors caused by third party service providers and data sources. Additionally, legal and regulatory changes, such as those related to information privacy and data protection, may have an impact on the use of existing or emerging technologies, and may impact the investment adviser and the Fund. These and other operational risks could impede the Fund’s ability to effectively implement its investment strategy.
Illiquid Investments. Illiquid investments may include obligations legally restricted as to resale, and may include commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the 1933 Act and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Rule 144A securities may increase the level of portfolio illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities.
It may be difficult to sell illiquid investments at a price representing fair value until such time as the securities may be sold publicly. It also may be more difficult to determine the fair value of such investments for purposes of computing the Fund’s net asset value. Where registration is required, a considerable period of time may elapse between a decision to sell the investments and the time when the Fund would be permitted to sell. Thus, the Fund may not be able to obtain as favorable a price as that prevailing at the time of the decision to sell. The Fund may incur additional expense when disposing of illiquid investments, including all or a portion of the cost to register the investments. The Fund also may acquire investments through private placements under which it may agree to contractual restrictions on the resale of such securities that are in addition to applicable legal restrictions. Such restrictions might prevent the sale of such investments at a time when such sale would otherwise be desirable.
At times, a portion of the Fund’s assets may be invested in securities as to which the Fund, by itself or together with other accounts managed by the Adviser and its affiliates, holds a major portion or all of such investments. Under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the Fund could find it more difficult to sell such investments when the Adviser or Sub-Adviser believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell such investments only at prices lower than if such investments were more widely held. It may also be more difficult to determine the fair value of such investments for purposes of computing the Fund’s net asset value.
Benchmark Reference Rates Risk. Many debt securities, derivatives, and other financial instruments utilize benchmark or reference rates for variable interest rate calculations, including the Euro Interbank Offer Rate, Sterling Overnight Index Average Rate, and the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (each a “Reference Rate”). Instruments in which the Fund invests may pay interest at floating rates based on such Reference Rates or may be subject to interest caps or floors based on such Reference Rates. The Fund and issuers of instruments in which the Fund invests may also obtain financing at floating rates based on such Reference Rates. The elimination of a Reference Rate or any other changes to or reforms of the determination or supervision of Reference Rates could have an adverse impact on the market for, or value of, any instruments or payments linked to those Reference Rates. For example, some Reference Rates, as well as other types of rates and indices, are described as “benchmarks” and have been the subject of ongoing national and international regulatory reform, including under the EU regulation on indices used as benchmarks in financial instruments and financial contracts. As a result, the manner of administration of benchmarks has changed and may further change in the future, with the result that relevant benchmarks may perform differently than in the past, the use of benchmarks that are not compliant with the new standards by certain supervised entities may be restricted, and certain benchmarks may be eliminated entirely. Such changes could cause increased market volatility and disruptions in liquidity for instruments that rely on or are impacted by such benchmarks. Additionally, there could be other consequences which cannot be predicted.
Rights and Warrants. A right is a privilege granted to existing shareholders of a corporation to subscribe for shares of a new issue of common stock before it is issued. Rights normally have a short life, usually two to four weeks, are freely transferable and entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a lower price than the public offering price. Warrants are securities that are typically issued together with a debt security or preferred stock and that give the holder the right to buy a proportionate amount of common stock at a
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specified price. Warrants are freely transferable and are often traded on major exchanges. Unlike rights, warrants normally have a life that is measured in years and entitle the holder to buy common stock of a company at a price that is usually higher than the market price at the time the warrant is issued. Corporations often issue warrants to make the accompanying debt security more attractive.
Warrants and rights may entail greater risks than certain other types of investments. Generally, rights and warrants do not carry the right to receive dividends or exercise voting rights with respect to the underlying securities, and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. In addition, their value does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and they cease to have value if they are not exercised on or before their expiration date. If the market price of the underlying stock does not exceed the exercise price during the life of the warrant or right, the warrant or right will expire worthless.
Temporary Investments. The Fund may invest in cash equivalents to invest daily cash balances or for temporary defensive purposes. Cash equivalents are highly liquid, short-term securities such as commercial paper, time deposits, certificates of deposit, short-term notes and short-term U.S. Government obligations.
Investment Restrictions. The following investment restrictions of the Fund are designated as fundamental policies and as such cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities, which as used in this SAI means the lesser of (a) 67% of the shares of the Fund present or represented by proxy at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present or represented at the meeting or (b) more than 50% of outstanding shares of the Fund. As a matter of fundamental policy the Fund may not:
(1) | Borrow money, except as permitted by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). The 1940 Act currently requires that any indebtedness incurred by a closed-end investment company have an asset coverage of at least 300%; |
(2) | Issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than (a) preferred shares which immediately after issuance will have asset coverage of at least 200%, (b) indebtedness which immediately after issuance will have asset coverage of at least 300% or (c) the borrowings permitted by investment restriction (1) above. The 1940 Act currently defines “senior security” as any bond, debenture, note or similar obligation or instrument constituting a security and evidencing indebtedness and any stock of a class having priority over any other class as to distribution of assets or payment of dividends. Debt and equity securities issued by a closed-end investment company meeting the foregoing asset coverage provisions are excluded from the general 1940 Act prohibition on the issuance of senior securities; |
(3) | Purchase securities on margin (but the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities). The purchase of investment assets with the proceeds of a permitted borrowing or securities offering will not be deemed to be the purchase of securities on margin; |
(4) | Underwrite securities issued by other persons, except insofar as it may technically be deemed to be an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, in selling or disposing of a portfolio investment; |
(5) | Make loans to other persons, except by (a) the acquisition of loan interests, debt securities and other obligations in which the Fund is authorized to invest in accordance with its investment objectives and policies, (b) entering into repurchase agreements and (c) lending its portfolio securities; |
(6) | Purchase or sell real estate, although it may purchase and sell securities which are secured by interests in real estate and securities of issuers which invest or deal in real estate. The Fund reserves the freedom of action to hold and to sell real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of securities; |
(7) | Purchase or sell physical commodities or contracts for the purchase or sale of physical commodities. Physical commodities do not include futures contracts with respect to securities, securities indices, currencies, interest or other financial instruments; |
(8) | With respect to 75% of its total assets, invest more than 5% of its total assets in the securities of a single issuer or purchase more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of a single issuer, except obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities and except securities of other investment companies; and |
(9) | Invest 25% or more of its total assets in any single industry or group of industries (other than securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities). |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 9 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
The Fund may borrow money as a temporary measure for extraordinary or emergency purposes, including the payment of dividends and the settlement of securities transactions which otherwise might require untimely dispositions of Fund securities. The 1940 Act currently requires that the Fund have 300% asset coverage with respect to all borrowings other than temporary borrowings.
For purposes of construing restriction (9), a large economic or market sector shall not be construed as a group of industries.
The Fund has adopted the following nonfundamental investment policy which may be changed by the Board without approval of the Fund’s shareholders. As a matter of nonfundamental policy, the Fund may not make short sales of securities or maintain a short position, unless at all times when a short position is open the Fund either owns an equal amount of such securities or owns securities convertible into or exchangeable, without payment of any further consideration, for securities of the same issue as, and equal in amount to, the securities sold short.
The Fund may invest more than 10% of its total assets in one or more other management investment companies (or may invest in affiliated investment companies) to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and rules thereunder.
Whenever an investment policy or investment restriction set forth in the Prospectus or this SAI states a requirement with respect to the percentage of assets that may be invested in any security or other asset or describes a policy regarding quality standards, such percentage limitation or standard shall be determined immediately after and as a result of the Fund’s acquisition of such security or asset. Accordingly, any later increase or decrease resulting from a change in values, assets or other circumstances or any subsequent rating change made by a rating service (or as determined by the Adviser if the security is not rated by a rating agency) will not compel the Fund to dispose of such security or other asset. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund must always be in compliance with the borrowing policies set forth above. If the Fund is required to reduce borrowings, it will do so in a manner that is consistent with the 1940 Act and guidance of the SEC or its staff, and that complies with any applicable SEC exemptive order.
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
The Board of Trustees of the Fund (the “Board”) is responsible for the overall management and supervision of the affairs of the Fund. The Board members and officers of the Fund are listed below. Except as indicated, each individual has held the office shown or other offices in the same company for the last five years. Each Trustee holds office until the annual meeting for the year in which his or her term expires and until his or her successor is elected and qualified, subject to a prior death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal. Under the terms of the Fund’s current Trustee retirement policy, an independent Trustee must retire and resign as a Trustee on the earlier of: (i) the first day of July following his or her 76th birthday; or (ii), with limited exception, December 31st of the 20th year in which he or she has served as a Trustee. However, if such retirement and resignation would cause the Fund to be out of compliance with Section 16 of the 1940 Act or any other regulations or guidance of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), then such retirement and resignation will not become effective until such time as action has been taken for the Fund to be in compliance therewith. The “noninterested Trustees” consist of those Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Fund, as that term is defined under the 1940 Act. The business address of each Board member and officer is One Post Office Square, Boston, Massachusetts 02109. As used in this SAI, “BMR” refers to Boston Management and Research, “EV” refers to EV, LLC, “Eaton Vance” or “EVM” refers to Eaton Vance Management, “MSIM” refers to Morgan Stanley Investment Management, Inc, and “EVD” refers to Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. EV is the trustee of each of Eaton Vance and BMR. Each of Eaton Vance, BMR, EVD and EV are indirect wholly owned subsidiaries of Morgan Stanley. Each officer affiliated with Eaton Vance may hold a position with other Eaton Vance affiliates that is comparable to his or her position with Eaton Vance listed below.
Name and Year of Birth |
Fund |
Length of |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen By Trustee(2) |
Other Directorships Held | |||||
Noninterested Trustees | ||||||||||
ALAN C. BOWSER 1962 |
Class III Trustee | Until 2026. 3 years. Since 2023. |
Private investor. Formerly, Co-Head of the Americas Region, Chief Diversity Officer, Partner and Member of the Operating Committee at Bridgewater Associates, an asset management firm (2011-2023). Formerly, Managing Director and Head of Investment Services at UBS Wealth Management Americas (2007-2010). Formerly Managing Director and Head of Client Solutions, Citibank Private Bank (1999-2007). | 123 | Independent Director of Stout Risius Ross (a middle market professional services advisory firm) (since 2021). |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 10 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Name and Year of Birth |
Fund |
Length of |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen By Trustee(2) |
Other Directorships Held | |||||
MARK R. FETTING 1954 |
Class III Trustee | Until 2026. 3 years. Since 2016. |
Private investor. Formerly held various positions at Legg Mason, Inc. (investment management firm) (2000-2012), including President, Chief Executive Officer, Director and Chairman (2008-2012), Senior Executive Vice President (2004-2008) and Executive Vice President (2001-2004). Formerly, President of Legg Mason family of funds (2001-2008). Formerly, Division President and Senior Officer of Prudential Financial Group, Inc. and related companies (investment management firm) (1991-2000). | 123 | None | |||||
CYNTHIA E. FROST 1961 |
Class I Trustee | Until 2027. 3 years. Since 2014. |
Private investor. Formerly, Chief Investment Officer of Brown University (university endowment) (2000-2012). Formerly, Portfolio Strategist for Duke Management Company (university endowment manager) (1995-2000). Formerly, Managing Director, Cambridge Associates (investment consulting company) (1989-1995). Formerly, Consultant, Bain and Company (management consulting firm) (1987-1989). Formerly, Senior Equity Analyst, BA Investment Management Company (1983-1985). | 123 | None | |||||
GEORGE J. GORMAN 1952 |
Chairperson of the Board and Class II Trustee | Until 2028. 3 years. Chairperson of the Board since 2021 and Trustee since 2014. | Principal at George J. Gorman LLC (consulting firm). Formerly, Senior Partner at Ernst & Young LLP (a registered public accounting firm) (1974-2009). | 123 | None | |||||
VALERIE A. MOSLEY 1960 | Class III Trustee | Until 2026. 3 years. Since 2014. |
Chairwoman and Chief Executive Officer of Valmo Ventures (a consulting and investment firm). Founder of Upward Wealth, Inc., dba BrightUp, a fintech platform. Formerly, Partner and Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist at Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1992-2012). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, PG Corbin Asset Management (1990-1992). Formerly worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody (1986-1990). | 123 | Director of DraftKings, Inc. (digital sports entertainment and gaming company) (since September 2020). Director of Envestnet, Inc. (provider of intelligent systems for wealth management and financial wellness) (since 2018). Formerly, Director of Dynex Capital, Inc. (mortgage REIT) (2013-2020) and Director of Groupon, Inc. (e-commerce provider) (2020-2022). | |||||
KEITH QUINTON 1958 |
Class II Trustee |
Until 2028. 3 years. Since 2018. |
Private investor, researcher and lecturer. Formerly, Independent Investment Committee Member at New Hampshire Retirement System (2017-2021). Formerly, Portfolio Manager and Senior Quantitative Analyst at Fidelity Investments (investment management firm) (2001-2014). | 123 | Formerly, Director (2016-2021) and Chairman (2019-2021) of New Hampshire Municipal Bond Bank. |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 11 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Name and Year of Birth |
Fund |
Length of |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen By Trustee(2) |
Other Directorships Held | |||||
MARCUS L. SMITH 1966 |
Class III Trustee |
Until 2026. 3 years. |
Private investor and independent corporate director. Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Canada (2012-2017), Chief Investment Officer, Asia (2010-2012), Director of Asian Research (2004-2010) and portfolio manager (2001-2017) at MFS Investment Management (investment management firm). | 123 | Director of First Industrial Realty Trust, Inc. (an industrial REIT) (since 2021). Director of MSCI Inc. (global provider of investment decision support tools) (since 2017). Formerly, Director of DCT Industrial Trust Inc. (logistics real estate company) (2017-2018). | |||||
NANCY WISER STEFANI 1967 |
Class I Trustee | Until 2027. 3 years. |
Formerly, Executive Vice President and the Global Head of Operations at Wells Fargo Asset Management (2011-2021). | 123 | None | |||||
SUSAN J. SUTHERLAND 1957 |
Class II Trustee |
Until 2028. 3 years. |
Private investor. Director of Ascot Group Limited and certain of its subsidiaries (insurance and reinsurance) (since 2017). Formerly, Director of Hagerty Holding Corp. (insurance) (2015-2018) and Montpelier Re Holdings Ltd. (insurance and reinsurance) (2013- 2015). Formerly, Associate, Counsel and Partner at Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP (law firm) (1982-2013). | 123 | Formerly, Director of Kairos Acquisition Corp. (insurance/InsurTech acquisition company) (2021-2023). | |||||
SCOTT E. WENNERHOLM 1959 |
Class I Trustee |
Until 2027. 3 years. |
Private investor. Formerly, Trustee at Wheelock College (postsecondary institution) (2012-2018). Formerly, Consultant at GF Parish Group (executive recruiting firm) (2016-2017). Formerly, Chief Operating Officer and Executive Vice President at BNY Mellon Asset Management (investment management firm) (2005-2011). Formerly, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer at Natixis Global Asset Management (investment management firm) (1997-2004). Formerly, Vice President at Fidelity Investments Institutional Services (investment management firm) (1994-1997). | 123 | None |
(1) | The Board of Trustees is divided into three classes, each class having a term of three years to expire on the date of the third annual meeting following its election. |
(2) | Includes both funds and portfolios in a hub and spoke structure. |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 12 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Principal Officers who are not Trustees
| ||||||
Name and Year of Birth |
Fund Position(s) |
Length of Service |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years | |||
R. KELLY WILLIAMS, JR. 1971 |
President | Since 2023 | President and Chief Operating Officer of Atlanta Capital Management Company, LLC. Officer of 18 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. | |||
DEIDRE E. WALSH 1971 |
Vice President and Chief Legal Officer | Since 2009 | Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 123 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. Also Vice President of CRM and officer of 45 registered investment companies advised or administered by CRM since 2021. | |||
JAMES F. KIRCHNER 1967 |
Treasurer | Since 2007 | Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 123 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. Also Vice President of CRM and officer of 45 registered investment companies advised or administered by CRM since 2016. | |||
NICHOLAS S. DI LORENZO 1987 |
Secretary | Since 2022 | Officer of 123 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. Formerly, associate (2012-2021) and counsel (2022) at Dechert LLP. | |||
LAURA T. DONOVAN 1976 | Chief Compliance Officer | Since 2024 | Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 123 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 13 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
The Board has general oversight responsibility with respect to the business and affairs of the Fund. The Board has engaged an investment adviser and (if applicable) a sub-adviser (collectively the “adviser”) to manage the Fund. The Fund’s investment adviser also serves as administrator of the Fund. The Board is responsible for overseeing such adviser and administrator and other service providers to the Fund. The Board is currently composed of ten Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Fund, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (each a “noninterested Trustee”). In addition to six regularly scheduled meetings per year, the Board holds special meetings or informal conference calls to discuss specific matters that may require action prior to the next regular meeting. As discussed below, the Board has established six committees to assist the Board in performing its oversight responsibilities.
The Board has appointed a noninterested Trustee to serve in the role of Chairperson. The Chairperson’s primary role is to participate in the preparation of the agenda for meetings of the Board and the identification of information to be presented to the Board with respect to matters to be acted upon by the Board. The Chairperson also presides at all meetings of the Board and acts as a liaison with service providers, officers, attorneys, and other Board members generally between meetings. The Chairperson may perform such other functions as may be requested by the Board from time to time. In addition, the Board may appoint a noninterested Trustee to serve in the role of Vice-Chairperson. The Vice-Chairperson has the power and authority to perform any or all of the duties and responsibilities of the Chairperson in the absence of the Chairperson and/or as requested by the Chairperson. Except for any duties specified herein or pursuant to the Fund’s Declaration of Trust or Amended and Restated By-Laws (the “By-Laws”), the designation of Chairperson or Vice Chairperson does not impose on such noninterested Trustee any duties, obligations or liability that is greater than the duties, obligations or liability imposed on such person as a member of the Board, generally.
The Fund is subject to a number of risks, including, among others, investment, compliance, operational, and valuation risks. Risk oversight is part of the Board’s general oversight of the Fund and is addressed as part of various activities of the Board and its Committees. As part of its oversight of the Fund, the Board directly, or through a Committee, relies on and reviews reports from, among others, Fund management, the adviser, the administrator, the principal underwriter, the Chief Compliance Officer (the “CCO”), and other Fund service providers responsible for day-to-day oversight of Fund investments, operations and compliance to assist the Board in identifying and understanding the nature and extent of risks and determining whether, and to what extent, such risks can or should be mitigated. The Board also interacts with the CCO and with senior personnel of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and other Fund service providers and provides input on risk management issues during meetings of the Board and its Committees. Each of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and the other Fund service providers has its own, independent interest and responsibilities in risk management, and its policies and methods for carrying out risk management functions will depend, in part, on its individual priorities, resources and controls. It is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect the Fund or to develop processes and controls to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects. Moreover, it is necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve the Fund’s goals.
The Board, with the assistance of management and with input from the Board’s various committees, reviews investment policies and risks in connection with its review of Fund performance. The Board has appointed a Fund CCO who oversees the implementation and testing of the Fund compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Fund and its principal service providers. In addition, as part of the Board’s periodic review of the advisory, subadvisory (if applicable), distribution and other service provider agreements, the Board may consider risk management aspects of their operations and the functions for which they are responsible. With respect to valuation, the Board approves and periodically reviews valuation policies and procedures applicable to valuing the Fund’s shares. The administrator and the adviser are responsible for the implementation and day-to-day administration of these valuation policies and procedures and provide reports to the Audit Committee of the Board and the Board regarding these and related matters. In addition, the Audit Committee of the Board or the Board receives reports periodically from the independent public accounting firm for the Fund regarding tests performed by such firm on the valuation of all securities, as well as with respect to other risks associated with registered investment companies. Reports received from service providers, legal counsel and the independent public accounting firm assist the Board in performing its oversight function.
The Fund’s By-Laws set forth specific qualifications to serve as a Trustee. The Charter of the Governance Committee also sets forth certain factors that the Committee may take into account in considering noninterested Trustee candidates. In general, no one factor is decisive in the selection of an individual to join the Board. Among the factors the Board considers when concluding that an individual should serve on the Board are the following: (i) knowledge in matters relating to the mutual fund industry; (ii) experience as a director or senior officer of public companies; (iii) educational background; (iv) reputation for high ethical standards and professional integrity; (v) specific financial, technical or other expertise possessed by the individual or other experience or background of the individual, and the extent to which such expertise, experience or background would complement the Board members’ existing mix of skills, core competencies and qualifications and diversity of experiences and background; (vi) perceived ability to contribute to the ongoing functions of the Board, including the ability and commitment to attend meetings regularly and work collaboratively with other members of the Board; (vii) the ability to qualify as a noninterested Trustee for purposes of the 1940 Act and any other actual or potential conflicts of interest involving the individual and the Fund; and (viii) such other factors as the Board determines to be relevant in light of the existing composition of the Board and any anticipated vacancies.
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 14 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Among the attributes or skills common to all Board members are their ability to review critically, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, to interact effectively with the other members of the Board, management, sub-advisers, other service providers, counsel and independent registered public accounting firms, and to exercise effective and independent business judgment in the performance of their duties as members of the Board. Each Board member’s ability to perform his or her duties effectively has been attained through the Board member’s business, consulting, public service and/or academic positions and through experience from service as a member of the Boards of the Eaton Vance family of funds (“Eaton Vance Fund Boards”) (and/or in other capacities, including for any predecessor funds), public companies, or non-profit entities or other organizations as set forth below. Each Board member’s ability to perform his or her duties effectively also has been enhanced by his or her educational background, professional training, and/or other life experiences. Six of the ten currently serving noninterested Trustees bring gender and/or racial diversity to the Board.
In respect of each current member of the Board, the individual’s substantial professional accomplishments and experience, including in fields related to the operations of registered investment companies, were a significant factor in the determination that the individual should serve as a member of the Board. The following is a summary of each Board member’s particular professional experience and additional considerations that contributed to the Board’s conclusion that he or she should serve as a member of the Board:
Alan C. Bowser. Mr. Bowser has served as a Board member of the Eaton Vance open-end funds since 2022 and of the Eaton Vance closed-end funds since 2023. Mr. Bowser has over 25 years of experience in the financial services industry, most of which has been dedicated to leading investment advisory teams serving institutions, family offices, and ultra-high net worth individuals in the U.S. and Latin America. From 2011-2023, Mr. Bowser served in several capacities at Bridgewater Associates, an asset management firm, including most recently serving as Chief Diversity Officer and Co-Head of the Americas Region in addition to being a Partner and a member of the Operating Committee. Prior to joining Bridgewater Associates, he was Managing Director and Head of Investment Services at UBS Wealth Management Americas from 2007 to 2010 and, before that, Managing Director and Head of Client Solutions for the Latin America Division at the Citibank Private Bank from 1999 to 2007. Mr. Bowser has been an Independent Director of Stout Risius Ross since 2021, a founding Board Member and current Board Chair of the Black Hedge Fund Professionals Network and has served on the Boards of the Robert Toigo Foundation, the New York Urban League, the University of Pennsylvania, and as Vice Chairman of the Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce Task Force on Ethics. In 2020, he was recognized as one of the top 100 “EMPower Ethnic Minority Executive Role Models” and in 2022 he was recognized by Business Insider magazine as one of 14 “Diversity Trailblazers” making corporate America more inclusive.
Mark R. Fetting. Mr. Fetting has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2016 and is the Chairperson of the Contract Review Committee. He has over 30 years of experience in the investment management industry as an executive and in various leadership roles. From 2000 through 2012, Mr. Fetting served in several capacities at Legg Mason, Inc., including most recently serving as President, Chief Executive Officer, Director and Chairman from 2008 to his retirement in 2012. He also served as a Director/Trustee and Chairman of the Legg Mason family of funds from 2008-2012 and Director/Trustee of the Royce family of funds from 2001-2012. From 2001 through 2008, Mr. Fetting also served as President of the Legg Mason family of funds. From 1991 through 2000, Mr. Fetting served as Division President and Senior Officer of Prudential Financial Group, Inc. and related companies. Early in his professional career, Mr. Fetting was a Vice President at T. Rowe Price and served in leadership roles within the firm’s mutual fund division from 1981-1987.
Cynthia E. Frost. Ms. Frost has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2014. From 2000 through 2012, Ms. Frost was the Chief Investment Officer of Brown University, where she oversaw the evaluation, selection and monitoring of the third party investment managers who managed the university’s endowment. From 1995 through 2000, Ms. Frost was a Portfolio Strategist for Duke Management Company, which oversaw Duke University’s endowment. Ms. Frost also served in various investment and consulting roles at Cambridge Associates from 1989-1995, Bain and Company from 1987-1989 and BA Investment Management Company from 1983-1985. She serves as a member of the investment committee of The MCNC Endowment.
George J. Gorman. Mr. Gorman has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2014 and is the Independent Chairperson of the Board. From 1974 through 2009, Mr. Gorman served in various capacities at Ernst & Young LLP, including as a Senior Partner in the Asset Management Group (from 1988) specializing in managing engagement teams responsible for auditing mutual funds registered with the SEC, hedge funds and private equity funds. Mr. Gorman also has experience serving as an independent trustee of other mutual fund complexes, including the Bank of America Money Market Funds Series Trust from 2011-2014 and the Ashmore Funds from 2010-2014.
Valerie A. Mosley. Ms. Mosley has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2014 and is the Chairperson of the Governance Committee. In 2020, she founded Upward Wealth, Inc., doing business as BrightUp, a fintech platform focused on helping everyday workers grow their net worth and reinforce their self-worth. From 1992 through 2012, Ms. Mosley served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist. Ms. Mosley also served as Chief Investment Officer at PG Corbin Asset Management
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 15 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
from 1990-1992 and worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody from 1986-1990. She is a Director of Envestnet, Inc., a provider of intelligent systems for wealth management and financial wellness and DraftKings, Inc., a digital sports entertainment and gaming company. In addition, she is also a board member of Caribou Financial, Inc., an auto loan refinancing company. Ms. Mosley previously served as a Director of Dynex Capital, Inc., a mortgage REIT, from 2013-2020, a Director of Progress Investment Management Company, a manager of emerging managers, until 2020, and a Director of Groupon, Inc., an e-commerce platform from 2020-2022. She serves as a trustee or board member of several major non-profit organizations and endowments.
Keith Quinton. Mr. Quinton has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2018 and is the Chairperson of the Closed-End Fund Committee. He had over thirty years of experience in the investment industry before retiring from Fidelity Investments in 2014. Prior to joining Fidelity, Mr. Quinton was a vice president and quantitative analyst at MFS Investment Management from 2000-2001. From 1997 through 2000, he was a senior quantitative analyst at Santander Global Advisors and, from 1995 through 1997, Mr. Quinton was senior vice president in the quantitative equity research department at Putnam Investments. Prior to joining Putnam Investments, Mr. Quinton served in various investment roles at Eberstadt Fleming, Falconwood Securities Corporation and Drexel Burnham Lambert, where he began his career in the investment industry as a senior quantitative analyst in 1983. Mr. Quinton served as an Independent Investment Committee Member of the New Hampshire Retirement System, a five member committee that manages investments based on the investment policy and asset allocation approved by the board of trustees (2017-2021), and as a Director (2016-2021) and Chairman (2019-2021) of the New Hampshire Municipal Bond Bank.
Marcus L. Smith. Mr. Smith has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2018 and is the Chairperson of the Portfolio Management Committee. Mr. Smith has been a Director of First Industrial Realty Trust, Inc., a fully integrated owner, operator and developer of industrial real estate, since 2021, where he serves on the Investment and Nominating/Corporate Governance Committees. Since 2017, Mr. Smith has been a Director of MSCI Inc., a leading provider of investment decision support tools worldwide, where he serves as Chair of the Audit Committee and a member of the Strategy & Finance Committee. From 2017 through 2018, he served as a Director of DCT Industrial Trust Inc., a leading logistics real estate company, where he served as a member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance and Audit Committees. From 1994 through 2017, Mr. Smith served in several capacities at MFS Investment Management, an investment management firm, where he managed the MFS Institutional International Fund for 17 years and the MFS Concentrated International Fund for 10 years. In addition to his portfolio management duties, Mr. Smith served as Chief Investment Officer, Canada from 2012-2017, Chief Investment Officer, Asia from 2010-2012, and Director of Asian Research from 2005-2010. Prior to joining MFS, Mr. Smith was a senior consultant at Andersen Consulting (now known as Accenture) from 1988-1992. Mr. Smith served as a United States Army Reserve Officer from 1987-1992. He was also a trustee of the University of Mount Union from 2008-2020 and served on the Boston advisory board of the Posse Foundation from 2015-2021. Mr. Smith currently sits on the Harvard Medical School Advisory Council on Education, the Board of Directors for Facing History and Ourselves and is a Trustee of the Core Knowledge Foundation.
Nancy Wiser Stefani. Ms. Stefani has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2022. She also serves as a corporate Director for Rimes Technologies, a data management company based in London (since 2022). Ms. Stefani has over 30 years of experience in the investment management and financial services industry. From 2011-2021, Ms. Stefani served as an Executive Vice President and the Global Head of Operations at Wells Fargo Asset Management, where she oversaw operations and governance matters. In the role of governance, Ms. Stefani served as chairman of the board for the Wells Fargo Asset Management United Kingdom and Luxembourg legal entities as well as the Luxembourg funds. Additionally, Ms. Stefani served as the Treasurer for the Wells Fargo Funds from 2012-2021. Prior to joining Wells Fargo Asset Management, Ms. Stefani served as Chief Operating Officer and Chief Compliance Officer for two registered asset management companies where she oversaw all non-investment activities. She currently serves on the University of Minnesota Foundation Board of Trustees (since 2022) and previously served on several other non-profit boards including her alma mater Providence College Business Advisory board, Boston Scores and the National Black MBA Advisory board.
Susan J. Sutherland. Ms. Sutherland has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2015 and is the Chairperson of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. She is also a Director of Ascot Group Limited and certain of its subsidiaries. Ascot Group Limited, through its related businesses including Syndicate 1414 at Lloyd’s of London, is a leading global underwriter of specialty property and casualty insurance and reinsurance. In addition, Ms. Sutherland was a Director of Kairos Acquisition Corp. from 2021 until its dissolution in 2023, which had concentrated on acquisition and business combination efforts within the insurance and insurance technology (also known as “InsurTech”) sectors. Ms. Sutherland was also a Director of Montpelier Re Holdings Ltd., a global provider of customized reinsurance and insurance products, from 2013 until its sale in 2015 and of Hagerty Holding Corp., a leading provider of specialized automobile and marine insurance from 2015-2018. From 1982 through 2013, Ms. Sutherland was an associate, counsel and then a partner in the Financial Institutions Group of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, where she primarily represented U.S. and international insurance and reinsurance companies, investment banks and private equity firms in insurance-related corporate transactions. In addition, Ms. Sutherland has also served as a board member of prominent non-profit organizations.
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 16 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Scott E. Wennerholm. Mr. Wennerholm has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2016 and is the Chairperson of the Audit Committee. He has over 30 years of experience in the financial services industry in various leadership and executive roles. Mr. Wennerholm served as Chief Operating Officer and Executive Vice President at BNY Mellon Asset Management from 2005-2011. He also served as Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer at Natixis Global Asset Management from 1997-2004 and was a Vice President at Fidelity Investments Institutional Services from 1994-1997. In addition, Mr. Wennerholm served as a Trustee at Wheelock College, a postsecondary institution from 2012-2018.
The Board(s) of the Fund has several standing Committees, including the Governance Committee, the Audit Committee, the Portfolio Management Committee, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee, the Contract Review Committee and the Closed-End Fund Committee. Each of the Committees are comprised of only noninterested Trustees.
Mses. Mosley (Chairperson), Frost, Stefani and Sutherland, and Messrs. Bowser, Fetting, Gorman, Quinton, Smith and Wennerholm are members of the Governance Committee. The purpose of the Governance Committee is to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board with respect to the structure, membership and operation of the Board and the Committees thereof, including the nomination and selection of noninterested Trustees and a Chairperson of the Board and the compensation of such persons. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Governance Committee convened four times.
The Governance Committee will, when a vacancy exists, consider a nominee for Trustee recommended by a shareholder, provided that such recommendation is submitted in writing to the Fund’s Secretary at the principal executive office of the Fund. Such recommendations must be accompanied by biographical and occupational data on the candidate (including whether the candidate would be an “interested person” of the Fund), a written consent by the candidate to be named as a nominee and to serve as Trustee if elected, record and ownership information for the recommending shareholder with respect to the Fund, and a description of any arrangements or understandings regarding recommendation of the candidate for consideration.
Messrs. Wennerholm (Chairperson), Gorman and Quinton and Ms. Stefani are members of the Audit Committee. The Board has designated Messrs. Gorman and Wennerholm, each a noninterested Trustee, as “audit committee financial experts” as that term is defined in the applicable SEC rules. The Audit Committee’s purposes are to (i) oversee the Fund’s accounting and financial reporting processes, its internal control over financial reporting, and, as appropriate, the internal control over financial reporting of certain service providers; (ii) oversee or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of the quality and integrity of the Fund’s financial statements and the independent audit thereof; (iii) oversee, or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of, the Fund’s compliance with legal and regulatory requirements that relate to the Fund’s accounting and financial reporting, internal control over financial reporting and independent audits; (iv) approve prior to appointment the engagement and, when appropriate, replacement of the independent registered public accounting firm, and, if applicable, nominate the independent registered public accounting firm to be proposed for shareholder ratification in any proxy statement of the Fund; (v) evaluate the qualifications, independence and performance of the independent registered public accounting firm and the audit partner in charge of leading the audit; and (vi) prepare, as necessary, audit committee reports consistent with the requirements of applicable SEC and stock exchange rules for inclusion in the proxy statement of the Fund. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Audit Committee convened nine times.
Messrs. Fetting (Chairperson), Bowser, Gorman, Quinton, Smith and Wennerholm, and Mses. Frost, Mosley, Stefani and Sutherland are members of the Contract Review Committee. The purposes of the Contract Review Committee are to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board concerning the following matters: (i) contractual arrangements with each service provider to the Fund, including advisory, sub-advisory, transfer agency, custodial and fund accounting, distribution services and administrative services; (ii) any and all other matters in which any service provider (including Eaton Vance or any affiliated entity thereof) has an actual or potential conflict of interest with the interests of the Fund or investors therein; and (iii) any other matter appropriate for review by the noninterested Trustees, unless the matter is within the responsibilities of the other Committees of the Board. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Contract Review Committee convened four times.
Messrs. Smith (Chairperson), Bowser and Wennerholm and Mses. Frost and Mosley are members of the Portfolio Management Committee. The purposes of the Portfolio Management Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight of the portfolio management process employed by the Fund and its investment adviser and sub-adviser(s), if applicable, relative to the Fund’s stated objective(s), strategies and restrictions; (ii) assist the Board in its oversight of the trading policies and procedures and risk management techniques applicable to the Fund; and (iii) assist the Board in its monitoring of the performance results of all funds and portfolios, giving special attention to the performance of certain funds and portfolios that it or the Board identifies from time to time. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Portfolio Management Committee convened six times.
Mses. Sutherland (Chairperson) and Stefani and Messrs. Fetting and Quinton are members of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. The purposes of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight role with respect to compliance issues and certain other regulatory matters affecting the Fund; (ii) serve as a liaison between the Board and the Fund’s CCO; and (iii) serve as a “qualified legal compliance committee” within the rules promulgated by the SEC. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee convened seven times.
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 17 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Messrs. Quinton (Chairperson), Bowser, Fetting and Ms. Sutherland are members of the Closed-End Fund Committee. The purpose of the Committee is to assist the Board of the Eaton Vance Closed-End Funds in the oversight of the Closed-End Funds, including secondary market trading, capital structure, distribution policies and other matters as delegated by the Board. The Closed-End Fund Committee was established in October 2024 and met one time during the Fund’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. However, during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the predecessor to the Closed-End Fund Committee, the Ad Hoc Committee for Closed-End Fund Matters, convened nine times.
Share Ownership. The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each Trustee in the Fund and in the Eaton Vance family of funds overseen by the Trustee, which may include shares, if any, deemed to be beneficially owned by a noninterested Trustee through a deferred compensation plan as of December 31, 2024.
Name of Trustee |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities Beneficially Owned in the Fund |
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities Beneficially Owned in Funds Overseen by Trustee in the Eaton Vance Family of Funds |
||||||
Noninterested Trustees |
||||||||
Alan C. Bowser |
None | Over $100,000 | ||||||
Mark R. Fetting |
None | Over $100,000 | ||||||
Cynthia E. Frost |
None | Over $100,000 | ||||||
George J. Gorman |
None | Over $100,000 | ||||||
Valerie A. Mosley |
None | Over $100,000 | ||||||
Keith Quinton |
None | Over $100,000 | ||||||
Marcus L. Smith |
None | Over $100,000 | ||||||
Nancy Wiser Stefani |
None | Over $100,000 | ||||||
Susan J. Sutherland |
None | Over $100,000 | ||||||
Scott E. Wennerholm |
None | Over $100,000 |
As of December 31, 2024, no noninterested Trustee or any of their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any class of securities of Morgan Stanley, EVD, any sub-adviser, if applicable, or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with Morgan Stanley or EVD or any sub-adviser, if applicable, collectively (“Affiliated Entity”).
During the calendar years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2024, no noninterested Trustee (or their immediate family members) had:
(1) | Any direct or indirect interest in any Affiliated Entity; |
(2) | Any direct or indirect material interest in any transaction or series of similar transactions with (i) the Fund; (ii) another fund managed or distributed by any Affiliated Entity; (iii) any Affiliated Entity; or (iv) an officer of any of the above; or |
(3) | Any direct or indirect relationship with (i) the Fund; (ii) another fund managed or distributed by any Affiliated Entity; (iii) any Affiliated Entity; or (iv) an officer of any of the above. |
During the calendar years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2024, no officer of any Affiliated Entity served on the Board of Directors of a company where a noninterested Trustee of the Fund or any of their immediate family members served as an officer.
Noninterested Trustees may elect to defer receipt of all or a percentage of their annual fees in accordance with the terms of a Trustees Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”). Under the Deferred Compensation Plan, an eligible Board member may elect to have his or her deferred fees invested in the shares of one or more funds in the Eaton Vance family of funds, and the amount paid to the Board members under the Deferred Compensation Plan will be determined based upon the performance of such investments. Deferral of Board members’ fees in accordance with the Deferred Compensation Plan will have a negligible effect on the assets, liabilities, and net income of a participating fund or portfolio, and do not require that a participating Board member be retained. There is no retirement plan for Board members.
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 18 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
The fees and expenses of the noninterested Trustees of the Fund are paid by the Fund. A Board member who is a member of the Eaton Vance organization receives no compensation from the Fund. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Trustees of the Fund earned the following compensation in their capacities as Board members from the Fund. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Board members earned the following compensation in their capacities as members of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards(1):
Source of |
Alan C. Bowser |
Mark R. Fetting |
Cynthia E. Frost |
George J. Gorman |
Valerie A. Mosley |
Keith Quinton |
Marcus L. Smith |
Nancy Wiser Stefani |
Susan J. Sutherland |
Scott E. Wennerholm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fund |
$ | 9,179 | $ | 9,992 | $ | 9,179 | $ | 12,665 | $ | 9,992 | (2) | $ | 9,827 | $ | 9,992 | $ | 9,528 | $ | 10,049 | $ | 10,341 | |||||||||||||||||||
Fund and Fund Complex(1) |
$ | 395,000 | $ | 430,000 | $ | 395,000 | $ | 545,000 | $ | 430,000 | (3) | $ | 420,000 | $ | 430,000 | $ | 410,000 | $ | 432,500 | $ | 445,000 |
(1) | As of April 23, 2025, the Eaton Vance fund complex consists of 123 registered investment companies or series thereof. |
(2) | Includes $705 of deferred compensation. |
(3) | Includes $30,000 of deferred compensation. |
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
The Investment Adviser. The investment adviser manages the investments and affairs of the Fund and provides related office facilities and personnel subject to the supervision of the Trust’s Board. The investment adviser furnishes investment research, advice and supervision, furnishes an investment program and determines what securities will be purchased, held or sold by the Fund and what portion, if any, of the Fund’s assets will be held uninvested. The Investment Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”) on behalf of the Fund requires the investment adviser to pay the compensation and expenses of all officers and Trustees of the Fund who are members of the investment adviser’s organization and all personnel of the investment adviser performing services relating to research and investment activities.
Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement between the Adviser and the Fund, the Fund has agreed to pay an investment advisory fee, payable on a monthly basis, computed at an annual rate of 1.000% of the average daily gross assets of the Fund up to and including $1.5 billion, 0.980% of the average daily gross assets of the Fund over $1.5 billion up to and including $3 billion, 0.960% of the average daily gross assets of the Fund over $3 billion up to and including $5 billion, and 0.940% of the average daily gross assets of the Fund over $5 billion. Gross assets of the Fund means total assets of the Fund, including any form of investment leverage, minus all accrued expenses incurred in the normal course of operations, but not excluding any liabilities or obligations attributable to investment leverage obtained through (i) indebtedness of any type (including, without limitation, borrowing through a credit facility or the issuance of debt securities), (ii) the issuance of preferred stock or other similar preference securities, (iii) the reinvestment of collateral received for securities loaned in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies, and/or (iv) any other means. Prior to April 14, 2023, the Fund compensated the Adviser at an annual rate of 1.00% of the average daily gross assets of the Fund.
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Fund incurred $16,511,951, $14,672,302 and $14,599,010, respectively, in advisory fees.
Pursuant to an investment sub-advisory agreement between the Adviser and the Sub-Adviser, Eaton Vance pays compensation to the Sub-Adviser for providing sub-advisory services to the Fund. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Sub-Adviser received $4,135,720, $3,668,719 and $3,649,753, respectively, in sub-advisory fees.
Pursuant to the Administrative Services Agreement (the “Administration Agreement”), based on the current level of compensation payable to Eaton Vance by the Fund under the Advisory Agreement, Eaton Vance receives no compensation from the Fund in respect of the services rendered and the facilities provided as administrator under the Administration Agreement.
The Advisory Agreement with the Adviser continues in effect through and including the second anniversary of its execution and shall continue in full force and effect indefinitely thereafter, but only so long as such continuance after such second anniversary is specifically approved at least annually (i) by the vote of a majority of those Trustees of the Fund who are not interested persons of the Adviser or the Fund cast at a meeting specifically called for the purpose of voting on such approval pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act and (ii) by the Fund’s Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. The Administration
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 19 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Agreement continues in effect through and including the second anniversary of its execution and shall continue in full force and effect indefinitely thereafter, but only so long as such continuance after such second anniversary is specifically approved at least annually (i) by the Board of Trustees of the Fund and (ii) by the vote of a majority of those Trustees of the Fund who are not interested persons of Eaton Vance or the Fund. Each Agreement may be terminated at any time without penalty on sixty (60) days’ written notice by either party, or by vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, and the Advisory Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment. Each Agreement provides that the investment adviser may render services to others. Each Agreement also provides that Eaton Vance shall not be liable for any loss incurred in connection with the performance of its duties, or action taken or omitted under the Agreements, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties thereunder, and Eaton Vance shall not be liable for any losses sustained in the acquisition, holding or disposition of any security or other investment. Each Agreement is not intended to, and does not, confer upon any person not a party to it any right, benefit or remedy of any nature, except that the sub-advisory agreement with Parametric (as described below) states that the Fund is a third party beneficiary of such agreement.
The Advisory Agreement provides that Eaton Vance may engage one or more investment sub-advisers to assist with some or all aspects of the management of the Fund’s investments subject to such approvals as are required under the 1940 Act. Pursuant to these provisions, Eaton Vance has engaged Parametric as a sub-adviser to structure and manage the Fund’s common stock portfolio, including tax harvesting and other tax management techniques. The Advisory Agreement provides that Eaton Vance may terminate any sub-advisory agreement entered into and directly assume any functions performed by the sub-adviser, upon approval of the Board of Trustees, without the need for approval of the shareholders of the Fund.
Information About Eaton Vance. Eaton Vance is a business trust organized under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. EV serves as trustee of Eaton Vance. EV, Eaton Vance and BMR are indirect wholly owned subsidiaries of Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS), a preeminent global financial services firm engaged in securities trading and brokerage activities, as well as providing investment banking, research and analysis, financing and financial advisory services.
The Sub-Adviser. Parametric acts as an investment sub-adviser to the Fund subject to the supervision of the Fund’s Board of Trustees and the Adviser and structures and manages the Fund’s common stock portfolio, including tax harvesting and other tax management techniques, pursuant to a sub-advisory agreement between the Adviser and Parametric (the “Sub-Advisory Agreement”). Eaton Vance pays Parametric a portion of its advisory fee for sub-advisory services provided to the Fund.
Parametric’s principal office is located at 800 Fifth Avenue, Suite 2800, Seattle, WA 98104. Parametric is an investment manager that has been providing investment advisory services since its formation in 1987. Headquartered in Seattle, Parametric has offices in Minneapolis, New York City, Boston and Westport, Connecticut.
The Sub-Advisory Agreement with Parametric continues in effect through and including the second anniversary of its execution and shall continue in full force and effect indefinitely thereafter, but only so long as such continuance after such second anniversary is specifically approved at least annually (i) by the Fund’s Board of Trustees or by the holders of a majority of its outstanding voting securities and (ii) by a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of any party to the Sub-Advisory Agreement, by vote cast at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act. The Sub-Advisory Agreement terminates automatically on its assignment and may be terminated without penalty on sixty (60) days’ written notice at the option of either the Adviser, by the Fund’s Board of Trustees or by a vote of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund’s outstanding shares or by Parametric upon three (3) months’ notice. As discussed above, Eaton Vance may terminate the Sub-Advisory Agreement with Parametric and directly assume responsibility for the services provided by Parametric upon approval by the Board of Trustees without the need for approval of the shareholders of the Fund.
The Sub-Advisory Agreement with Parametric provides that in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or negligence in the performance of its duties thereunder or any breach by the Sub-Adviser of its obligations or duties thereunder, Parametric is not liable for or subject to, any damages, expenses, or losses in connection with, any act or omission connected with or arising out of any services rendered thereunder.
Portfolio Managers. The portfolio managers of the Fund are listed below. The following table shows, as of the Fund’s most recent fiscal year end, the number of accounts each portfolio manager managed in each of the listed categories and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in the accounts managed within each category. The table also shows the number of accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account, if any, and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in those accounts.
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 20 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|||||||||||||
Charles B. Gaffney(1) |
||||||||||||||||
Registered Investment Companies(2) |
12 | $ | 11,871.1 | 0 | $0 | |||||||||||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
12 | $ | 1,627.4 | 0 | $0 | |||||||||||
Other Accounts |
0 | $ | 0 | 0 | $0 | |||||||||||
Douglas R. Rogers, CFA, CMT(1)(3) |
||||||||||||||||
Registered Investment Companies(2) |
12 | $ | 10,150.9 | 0 | $0 | |||||||||||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
14 | $ | 13,015.8 | 0 | $0 | |||||||||||
Other Accounts |
5 | $ | 1,747.9 | 0 | $0 | |||||||||||
Gordon Wotherspoon |
||||||||||||||||
Registered Investment Companies(2) |
18 | $ | 17,049.3 | (4) | 0 | $0 | ||||||||||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 | $ | 0 | 0 | $0 | |||||||||||
Other Accounts |
113,834 | $ | 297,916.8 | (5) | 0 | $0 | ||||||||||
Xiaozhen Li |
||||||||||||||||
Registered Investment Companies(2) |
11 | $ | 6,672.4 | (4) | 0 | $0 | ||||||||||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 | $ | 0 | 0 | $0 | |||||||||||
Other Accounts |
113,786 | $ | 294,654.0 | (5) | 0 | $0 |
(1) | This portfolio manager serves as portfolio manager of one or more registered investment companies that invests or may invest in one or more underlying registered investment companies in the Eaton Vance family of funds or other pooled investment vehicles sponsored by Eaton Vance. The underlying investment companies may be managed by this portfolio manager or another portfolio manager. |
(2) | This portfolio manager may provide advisory services for certain of the “Other Accounts” on a nondiscretionary or model basis. For “Other Accounts” that are part of a wrap account program, the number of accounts is the number of sponsors for which the portfolio manager provides advisory services rather than the number of individual customer accounts within each wrap account program. The assets managed may include assets advised on a nondiscretionary or model basis. |
(3) | This portfolio manager provides investment advice with respect to only a portion of the total assets of certain of these accounts. Only the assets allocated to this portfolio manager as of the Fund’s most recent fiscal year end are reflected in the table. |
(4) | For “Other Accounts” that are part of a wrap or model account program, the number of accounts is the number of sponsors for which the portfolio manager provides advisory services rather than the number of individual customer accounts within each wrap or model account program. |
The following table shows the dollar range of Fund shares beneficially owned by each portfolio manager as of the Fund’s most recent fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 and in the Eaton Vance family of funds as of December 31, 2024.
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 21 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Portfolio Manager |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities Beneficially Owned in the Fund |
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities Beneficially Owned in the Eaton Vance Family of Funds |
||||
Charles B. Gaffney |
None | $ | 100,001 - $500,000 | |||
Douglas R. Rogers, CFA, CMT |
None | $ | 500,001 - $1,000,000 | |||
Gordon Wotherspoon |
None | None | ||||
Xiaozhen Li |
None | None |
It is possible that conflicts of interest may arise in connection with a portfolio manager’s management of the Fund’s investments on the one hand and the investments of other accounts for which a portfolio manager is responsible on the other. For example, a portfolio manager may have conflicts of interest in allocating management time, resources and investment opportunities among the Fund and other accounts he advises. In addition, due to differences in the investment strategies or restrictions between the Fund and the other accounts, the portfolio manager may take action with respect to another account that differs from the action taken with respect to the Fund. In some cases, another account managed by a portfolio manager may compensate the investment adviser based on the performance of the securities held by that account. The existence of such a performance based fee may create additional conflicts of interest for the portfolio manager in the allocation of management time, resources and investment opportunities. Whenever conflicts of interest arise, the portfolio manager will endeavor to exercise his discretion in a manner that he believes is equitable to all interested persons. The investment adviser and sub-adviser have adopted several policies and procedures designed to address these potential conflicts including a code of ethics and policies that govern the investment adviser’s and sub-adviser’s trading practices, including among other things the aggregation and allocation of trades among clients, brokerage allocations, cross trades and best execution.
Compensation Structure for Eaton Vance. The compensation structure of MSIM, including its affiliates that are investment advisers, is based on a total reward system of base salary and incentive compensation, which is paid either in the form of cash bonus, or for employees meeting the specified deferred compensation eligibility threshold, partially as a cash bonus and partially as mandatory deferred compensation. Deferred compensation granted to employees of MSIM and its affiliates that are investment advisers is generally granted as a mix of deferred cash awards under the Investment Management Alignment Plan (IMAP) and equity-based awards in the form of stock units. The portion of incentive compensation granted in the form of a deferred compensation award and the terms of such awards are determined annually by the Compensation, Management Development and Succession Committee of the Morgan Stanley Board of Directors.
Base salary compensation. Generally, portfolio managers receive base salary compensation based on the level of their position with the investment adviser.
Incentive compensation. In addition to base compensation, portfolio managers may receive discretionary year-end compensation. Incentive compensation may include:
• | Cash bonus |
• | Deferred compensation: |
• | A mandatory program that defers a portion of incentive compensation into restricted stock units or other awards based on Morgan Stanley common stock or other plans that are subject to vesting and other conditions |
• | IMAP is a cash-based deferred compensation plan designed to increase the alignment of participants’ interests with the interests of the investment adviser’s clients. For eligible employees, a portion of their deferred compensation is mandatorily deferred into IMAP on an annual basis. Awards granted under IMAP are notionally invested in referenced funds available pursuant to the plan, which are funds advised by MSIM and its affiliates that are investment advisers. Portfolio managers are required to notionally invest a minimum of 40% of their account balance in the designated funds that they manage and are included in the IMAP notional investment fund menu. |
• | Deferred compensation awards are typically subject to vesting over a multi-year period and are subject to cancellation through the payment date for competition, cause (i.e., any act or omission that constitutes a breach of obligation to the Fund, including failure to comply with internal compliance, ethics or risk management standards, and failure or refusal to perform duties satisfactorily, including supervisory and management duties), disclosure of proprietary information, and solicitation of employees or clients. Awards are also subject to clawback through the payment date if an employee’s act or omission (including with respect to direct supervisory responsibilities) causes a restatement of the firm’s consolidated financial results, constitutes a violation of the firm’s global risk management principles, policies and standards, or causes a loss of revenue associated with a position on which the employee was paid and the employee operated outside of internal control policies. |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 22 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
MSIM and its affiliates that are investment advisers compensate employees based on principles of pay-for-performance, market competitiveness and risk management. Eligibility for, and the amount of any, discretionary compensation is subject to a multi- dimensional process. Specifically, consideration is given to one or more of the following factors, which can vary by portfolio management team and circumstances:
• | Revenue and profitability of the business and/or each fund/account managed by the portfolio manager |
• | Individual contribution and performance |
• | Contribution to client objectives |
• | Revenue and profitability of the firm |
• | Return on equity and risk factors of both the business units and Morgan Stanley |
• | Assets managed by the portfolio manager |
• | External market conditions |
• | New business development and business sustainability |
• | Team, product and/or MSIM and its affiliates that are investment advisers performance |
• | The pre-tax investment performance of the funds/accounts managed by the portfolio manager (which may, in certain cases, be measured against the applicable benchmark(s) and/or peer group(s) over one, three and five-year periods) |
Further, the firm’s Global Incentive Compensation Discretion Policy requires compensation managers to consider only legitimate, business related factors when exercising discretion in determining variable incentive compensation, including adherence to Morgan Stanley’s core values, conduct, disciplinary actions in the current performance year, risk management and risk outcomes.
Compensation Structure for Parametric. Compensation of Parametric portfolio managers and other investment professionals has three primary components: (1) a base salary, (2) an annual cash bonus, and (3) annual equity-based compensation awards that are subject to a fixed vesting and distribution schedule. Stock-based compensation awards and adjustments in base salary and bonuses are typically paid and/or put into effect at or shortly after, the firm’s fiscal year-end, December 31.
Method to Determine Compensation. Parametric seeks to compensate portfolio managers commensurate with their responsibilities and performance while remaining competitive with other firms within the investment management industry. In the case of investment strategies that are systematic, including the Fund’s, portfolio managers primarily are measured with respect to whether a strategy’s rules as implemented delivered on the strategy’s objectives. In evaluating the foregoing, Parametric evaluates the manner in which the strategy is implemented relative to strategy targets, rebalancing portfolio exposures consistent with pre-determined triggers, and judicious trade construction. Portfolio managers are also expected to monitor factors that may impact implementation of a strategy and to seek potential ways to address them as needed.
Salaries, bonuses and stock-based compensation are also influenced by the operating performance of Parametric and Morgan Stanley. While the salaries of Parametric portfolio managers are comparatively fixed, cash bonuses and stock-based compensation may fluctuate from year to year, based on changes in financial performance and other factors.
Parametric participates in compensation surveys that benchmark salaries, total cash and total compensation against other firms in the industry. This data is reviewed, along with a number of other factors, to ensure that compensation remains competitive with other firms in the industry.
Investment Advisory Services. Under the general supervision of the Fund’s Board, Eaton Vance will carry out the investment and reinvestment of the assets of the Fund, will furnish continuously an investment program with respect to the Fund, will determine which securities should be purchased, sold or exchanged, and will implement such determinations and will supervise the overall activities of the Sub-Adviser. Eaton Vance will furnish to the Fund investment advice and provide related office facilities and personnel for servicing the investments of the Fund. Eaton Vance will compensate all Trustees and officers of the Fund who are members of the Eaton Vance organization and who render investment services to the Fund, and will also compensate all other Eaton Vance personnel who provide research and investment services to the Fund.
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 23 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Registration. The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) has adopted regulations that subject registered investment companies and advisers to regulation by the CFTC if a fund invests more than a prescribed level of its assets in certain CFTC-regulated instruments (including futures, certain options and swaps agreements) or markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. Pursuant to CFTC Rule 4.5, the Adviser has claimed an exclusion from the definition of “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act with respect to its management of the Fund. Accordingly, neither the Fund nor the Adviser or Sub-Adviser with respect to the operation of the Fund is subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act. Because of their management of other strategies, Eaton Vance and Parametric are registered with the CFTC as commodity pool operators with respect to their management of those other strategies. Eaton Vance and Parametric are also registered as commodity trading advisors. The CFTC has neither reviewed nor approved the Fund’s investment strategies or this SAI.
Administrative Services. Eaton Vance serves as administrator of the Fund under the Administration Agreement, but currently receives no compensation for providing administrative services to the Fund. Under the Administration Agreement, Eaton Vance has been engaged to administer the Fund’s affairs, subject to the supervision of the Board, and shall furnish office space and all necessary office facilities, equipment and personnel for administering the affairs of the Fund.
Proxy Voting Policy. The Board adopted a proxy voting policy and procedures (the “Fund Policy”), pursuant to which the Board has delegated proxy voting responsibility to the Adviser and Sub-Adviser and adopted the proxy voting policies and procedures of the Adviser and Sub-Adviser (the “Adviser Policies”). An independent proxy voting service has been retained to assist in the voting of Fund proxies through the provision of vote analysis, implementation and recordkeeping and disclosure services. The members of the Board will review the Fund’s proxy voting records from time to time and will review annually the Adviser Policies. For a copy of the Fund Policy and the Adviser Policies, see Appendix A, B and C, respectively. Pursuant to certain provisions of the 1940 Act relating to funds investing in other funds, a Fund may be required or may elect to vote its interest in another fund in the same proportion as the holders of all other shares of that fund. Information on how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling 1-800-262-1122, and (2) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
Code of Ethics. The Adviser, the Sub-Adviser and the Fund have adopted codes of ethics (the “Codes of Ethics”) governing personal securities transactions pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. Under the Codes of Ethics, employees of the Adviser and the Sub-Adviser may purchase and sell securities (including securities held or eligible for purchase by the Fund) subject to the provisions of the Codes of Ethics and certain employees are also subject to pre-clearance, reporting requirements and/or other procedures. The Codes of Ethics can be reviewed on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet site (http://www.sec.gov), or a copy of the Codes of Ethics may be requested after paying a duplication fee by electronic mail at [email protected].
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value of the Fund is determined by State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”) (as agent and custodian) by subtracting the liabilities of the Fund from the value of its total assets. The Fund is closed for business and will not issue a net asset value on the following business holidays and any other business day that the New York Stock Exchange is closed: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Juneteenth National Independence Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The Fund’s net asset value per share is readily accessible on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com).
The Board has approved procedures pursuant to which investments are valued for purposes of determining the Fund’s net asset value. Listed below is a summary of the methods generally used to value investments (some or all of which may be held by the Fund) under the procedures.
• | Equity securities (including common stock, exchange-traded funds, closed end funds, preferred equity securities, exchange-traded notes and other instruments that trade on recognized stock exchanges) are valued at the last sale, official close or, if there are no reported sales, at the mean between the bid and asked price on the primary exchange on which they are traded. |
• | Most debt obligations are valued on the basis of market valuations furnished by a pricing service or at the mean of the bid and asked prices provided by recognized broker/dealers of such securities. The pricing service may use a pricing matrix to determine valuation. |
• | Short-term instruments with remaining maturities of less than 397 days are valued on the basis of market valuations furnished by a pricing service or based on dealer quotations. |
• | Foreign securities and currencies are valued in U.S. dollars based on foreign currency exchange quotations supplied by a pricing service. |
• | Senior and Junior Loans (as defined in the “Investment Objectives, Investment Strategies, and Risks” section of this SAI) are valued on the basis of prices furnished by a pricing service. The pricing service uses transactions and market quotations from brokers in determining values. |
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• | Futures contracts are valued at the settlement or closing price on the primary exchange or board of trade on which they are traded. |
• | Exchange-traded options are valued at the mean of the bid and asked prices. Over-the-counter options are valued based on quotations obtained from a pricing service or from a broker (typically the counterparty to the option). |
• | Non-exchange traded derivatives (including swap agreements, forward contracts and equity participation notes) are generally valued on the basis of valuations provided by a pricing service or using quotes provided by a broker/dealer (typically the counterparty) or, for total return swaps, based on market index data. |
• | Precious metals are valued at the New York Composite mean quotation. |
• | Liabilities with a payment or maturity date of 364 days or less are stated at their principal value and longer dated liabilities generally will be carried at their fair value. |
• | Valuations of foreign equity securities and total return swaps and exchange-traded futures contracts on non-North American equity indices are generally based on the fair valuation provided by a pricing service. |
Investments which are unable to be valued in accordance with the foregoing methodologies are valued using fair valuation methods by the investment adviser as the Fund’s “valuation designee” pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. The investment adviser, as valuation designee, is responsible for establishing fair valuation methodologies and making fair value determinations on behalf of the Fund for those portfolio securities for which no readily available market quotations exist (or for which market quotations are not reliable) and for other Fund investments that are not securities. Such fair valuation methodologies may include consideration of relevant factors, including but not limited to (i) the type of security and the existence of any contractual restrictions on the security’s disposition; (ii) the price and extent of public trading in similar securities of the issuer or of comparable companies or entities; (iii) quotations or relevant information obtained from broker-dealers or other market participants; (iv) information obtained from the issuer, analysts, and/or the appropriate stock exchange (for exchange-traded securities); (v) an analysis of the company’s or entity’s financial statements; (vi) an evaluation of the forces that influence the issuer and the market(s) in which the security is purchased and sold; (vii) any transaction involving the issuer of such securities; and (viii) any other factors deemed relevant by the investment adviser. For purposes of fair valuation, the portfolio managers of one fund managed by the investment adviser that invests in Senior and Junior Loans may not possess the same information about a Senior or Junior Loan as the portfolio managers of another fund managed by the investment adviser. As such, at times the fair value of a Loan determined by certain portfolio managers of the investment adviser may vary from the fair value of the same Loan determined by other portfolio managers.
PORTFOLIO TRADING
Decisions concerning the execution of portfolio security transactions, including the selection of the market and the broker-dealer firm, or other financial intermediary (each an “intermediary”), are made by the Adviser. The Fund is responsible for the expenses associated with its portfolio transactions. The Adviser is also responsible for the execution of transactions for all other accounts managed by it. The Adviser places the portfolio security transactions for execution with one or more intermediaries. The Adviser uses its best efforts to obtain execution of portfolio security transactions at prices that in the Adviser’s judgment are advantageous to the client and at a reasonably competitive spread or (when a disclosed commission is being charged) at reasonably competitive commission rates. In seeking such execution, the Adviser will use its best judgment in evaluating the terms of a transaction, and will give consideration to various relevant factors, which may include, without limitation, the full range and quality of the intermediary’s services, responsiveness of the intermediary to the Adviser, the size and type of the transaction, the nature and character of the market for the security, the confidentiality, speed and certainty of effective execution required for the transaction, the general execution and operational capabilities of the intermediary, the reputation, reliability, experience and financial condition of the intermediary, the value and quality of the services rendered by the intermediary in this and other transactions, and the amount of the spread or commission, if any. In addition, the Adviser may consider the receipt of Research Services (as defined below), provided it does not compromise the Adviser’s obligation to seek best overall execution for the Fund and is otherwise in compliance with applicable law. The Adviser may engage in portfolio transactions with an intermediary that sells shares of Eaton Vance funds, provided such transactions are not directed to that intermediary as compensation for the promotion or sale of such shares.
The investment adviser is an “affiliated person,” as defined in the 1940 Act, of Morgan Stanley and its affiliates, including certain intermediaries (as previously defined). As a result, the Adviser is subject to certain restrictions regarding transactions with Morgan Stanley-affiliated intermediaries, as set forth in the 1940 Act. Under certain circumstances, such restrictions may limit the Adviser’s ability to place portfolio transactions on behalf of the Fund at the desired time or price. Any transaction the Adviser enters into with a Morgan Stanley-affiliated intermediary on behalf of the Fund will be done in compliance with applicable laws, rules, and regulations; will be subject to any restrictions contained in the Fund’s investment advisory agreement; will be subject to the Adviser’s duty to seek best execution; and will comply with any applicable policies and procedures of the Adviser, as described below.
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Subject to the overriding objective of obtaining the best execution of orders and applicable rules and regulations, as described above, the Fund may use an affiliated intermediary, including a Morgan Stanley-affiliated intermediary, to effect Fund portfolio transactions, including transactions in futures contracts and options on futures contracts, under procedures adopted by the Board.
In order to use such affiliated intermediaries, the Fund’s Board must approve and periodically review procedures reasonably designed to ensure that commission rates and other remuneration paid to the affiliated intermediaries are fair and reasonable in comparison to those of other intermediaries for comparable transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold during a comparable time period.
Transactions on stock exchanges and other agency transactions involve the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary among different broker-dealer firms, and a particular broker-dealer may charge different commissions according to such factors as the difficulty and size of the transaction and the volume of business done with such broker-dealer. Transactions in foreign securities often involve the payment of brokerage commissions, which may be higher than those in the United States. There is generally no stated commission in the case of securities traded in the OTC markets including transactions in fixed-income securities which are generally purchased and sold on a net basis (i.e., without commission) through intermediaries and banks acting for their own account rather than as brokers. Such intermediaries attempt to profit from such transactions by buying at the bid price and selling at the higher asked price of the market for such obligations, and the difference between the bid and asked price is customarily referred to as the spread. Fixed-income transactions may also be transacted directly with the issuer of the obligations. In an underwritten offering the price paid often includes a disclosed fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer. Although spreads or commissions paid on portfolio security transactions will, in the judgment of the Adviser, be reasonable in relation to the value of the services provided, commissions exceeding those which another firm might charge may be paid to intermediaries who were selected to execute transactions on behalf of the Adviser’s clients in part for providing brokerage and research services to the Adviser as permitted by applicable law.
Pursuant to the safe harbor provided in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Section 28(e)”) and to the extent permitted by other applicable law, a broker or dealer who executes a portfolio transaction on behalf of the Adviser client may receive a commission that is in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the Adviser determines in good faith that such compensation was reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided. This determination may be made on the basis of either that particular transaction or on the basis of the overall responsibility which the Adviser and its affiliates have for accounts over which they exercise investment discretion. “Research Services” as used herein includes any and all brokerage and research services to the extent permitted by Section 28(e) and other applicable law. Generally, Research Services may include, but are not limited to, such matters as research, analytical and quotation services, data, information and other services products and materials which assist the Adviser in the performance of its investment responsibilities. More specifically, Research Services may include general economic, political, business and market information, industry and company reviews, evaluations of securities and portfolio strategies and transactions, technical analysis of various aspects of the securities markets, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities and other portfolio transactions, certain financial, industry and trade publications, certain news and information services, and certain research oriented computer software, data bases and services. Any particular Research Service obtained through a broker-dealer may be used by the Adviser in connection with client accounts other than those accounts which pay commissions to such broker-dealer, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Any such Research Service may be broadly useful and of value to the Adviser in rendering investment advisory services to all or a significant portion of its clients, or may be relevant and useful for the management of only one client’s account or of a few clients’ accounts, or may be useful for the management of merely a segment of certain clients’ accounts, regardless of whether any such account or accounts paid commissions to the broker- dealer through which such Research Service was obtained. The Adviser evaluates the nature and quality of the various Research Services obtained through broker-dealer firms and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, may attempt to allocate sufficient portfolio security transactions to such firms to ensure the continued receipt of Research Services which the Adviser believes are useful or of value to it in rendering investment advisory services to its clients. The Adviser may also receive brokerage and Research Services from underwriters and dealers in fixed-price offerings, when permitted under applicable law.
Research Services provided by (and produced by) broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions or from affiliates of executing broker- dealers are referred to as “Proprietary Research.” Except for trades executed in jurisdictions where such consideration is not permissible, the Adviser may and does consider the receipt of Proprietary Research Services as a factor in selecting broker-dealers to execute client portfolio transactions, provided it does not compromise the Adviser’s obligation to seek best overall execution. In jurisdictions where permissible, the Adviser also may consider the receipt of Research Services under so called “client commission arrangements” or “commission sharing arrangements” (both referred to as “CCAs”) as a factor in selecting broker-dealers to execute transactions, provided it does not compromise the Adviser’s obligation to seek best overall execution. Under a CCA arrangement, the Adviser may cause client accounts to effect transactions through a broker-dealer and request that the broker-dealer allocate a portion of the commissions paid on those transactions to a pool of commission credits that are paid to other firms that provide Research
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Services to the Adviser. Under a CCA, the broker-dealer that provides the Research Services need not execute the trade. Participating in CCAs may enable the Adviser to consolidate payments for research using accumulated client commission credits from transactions executed through a particular broker- dealer to periodically pay for Research Services obtained from and provided by other firms, including other broker-dealers that supply Research Services. The Adviser believes that CCAs offer the potential to optimize the execution of trades and the acquisition of a variety of high quality Research Services that the Adviser might not be provided access to absent CCAs. The Adviser may enter into CCA arrangements with a number of broker-dealers and other firms, including certain affiliates of the Adviser. The Adviser will only enter into and utilize CCAs to the extent permitted by Section 28(e) and other applicable law.
The EU’s Markets in Financial Instruments Directive II (“MiFID II”), which became effective January 3, 2018, requires investment advisers regulated under MiFID II to pay for research services separately from trade execution services, either through their own resources or a research payment account funded by a specific charge to a client. Following its withdrawal from the EU, the UK adopted many of the provisions of MiFID II, and investment managers in the UK are required to comply with certain MiFID II equivalent requirements in accordance with rules and guidance issued by the UK Financial Conduct Authority.
Although the Adviser is not directly subject to the provisions of MiFID II, certain of its affiliated advisers are subject to MiFID II or equivalent requirements under the law of the UK, such as Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited and Eaton Vance Advisers International Ltd (collectively, the “Affiliated Advisers”); accordingly, as applicable, the Adviser makes a reasonable valuation and allocation of the cost of research services as between MiFID II client accounts and other accounts that are able to participate in CCAs, and the Affiliated Advisers will pay for research services received with respect to MiFID II client accounts from their own resources.
The investment companies sponsored by the Adviser or certain of its affiliates also may allocate brokerage commissions to acquire information relating to the performance, fees and expenses of such companies and other investment companies, which information is used by the members of the Board of such companies to fulfill their responsibility to oversee the quality of the services provided to various entities, including the Adviser, to such companies. Such companies may also pay cash for such information. Securities considered as investments for the Fund may also be appropriate for other investment accounts managed by the Adviser or certain of its affiliates. Whenever decisions are made to buy or sell securities by the Fund and one or more of such other accounts simultaneously, the Adviser will allocate the security transactions (including “new” issues) in a manner which it believes to be equitable under the circumstances. As a result of such allocations, there may be instances where the Fund will not participate in a transaction that is allocated among other accounts. If an aggregated order cannot be filled completely, allocations will generally be made on a pro rata basis. An order may not be allocated on a pro rata basis where, for example: (i) consideration is given to portfolio managers who have been instrumental in developing or negotiating a particular investment; (ii) consideration is given to an account with specialized investment policies that coincide with the particulars of a specific investment; (iii) pro rata allocation would result in odd-lot or de minimis amounts being allocated to a portfolio or other client; or (iv) where the Adviser reasonably determines that departure from a pro rata allocation is advisable. While these aggregation and allocation policies could have a detrimental effect on the price or amount of the securities available to the Fund from time to time, it is the opinion of the members of the Board that the benefits from the Adviser organization outweigh any disadvantage that may arise from exposure to simultaneous transactions.
The following table shows brokerage commissions paid during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, as well as the amount of Fund security transactions for the most recent fiscal year (if any) that were directed to firms that provided some Research Services to the investment adviser or its affiliates (see above), and the commissions paid in connection therewith. The Fund did not pay any amount in brokerage commissions to affiliated brokers (including Morgan Stanley affiliated brokers) during the past three fiscal years.
Fiscal Year End |
Brokerage Commission Paid |
Amount of Transactions Directed to Firms Providing Research |
Commissions Paid on Transactions Directed to Firms Providing Research |
|||||||||
December 31, 2024 |
$ | 18,060 | $ | 296,284,752 | $ | 17,488 | ||||||
December 31, 2023 |
$ | 32,805 | $ | 411,499,524 | $ | 29,698 | ||||||
December 31, 2022 |
$ | 41,352 | $ | 575,289,541 | $ | 40,319 |
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Fund held no securities of its “regular brokers or dealers”, as that term is defined in Rule 10b-1 of the 1940 Act.
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TAXES
The Fund has elected to be treated and intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).Accordingly, the Fund intends to satisfy certain requirements relating to sources of its income and diversification of its assets and to distribute substantially all of its net investment income and net capital gains, if any, (after reduction by certain capital loss carryforwards) in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code, so as to maintain its RIC status and to avoid paying any U.S. federal income or excise tax. To the extent it qualifies for treatment as a RIC and satisfies the above-mentioned distribution requirements, the Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on income paid to its shareholders in the form of dividends.
To qualify as a RIC for federal income tax purposes, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its annual gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in stock, securities and currencies, and net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” (a partnership (a) the interests in which are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof and (b) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described above). The Fund must also distribute to its shareholders at least the sum of 90% of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code, but determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid — generally, taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and 90% of its net tax-exempt interest income for each taxable year.
The Fund must also satisfy certain requirements with respect to the diversification of its assets. The Fund must have, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets consist of cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs, and other securities that, in respect of any one issuer, do not represent more than 5% of the value of the total assets of the Fund or more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of that issuer. In addition, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s assets may be invested, including through corporations in which the Fund owns a 20% or more voting stock interest, in securities (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other RICs) of any one issuer, or of two or more issuers that the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses, or of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships.
In general, for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described above, income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if realized directly by the RIC. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” will be treated as qualifying income. In general, qualified publicly traded partnerships will be treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes because they meet the passive income requirement under Code Section 7704(c)(2). In addition, although in general the passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to RICs, such rules apply to a RIC with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership. For purposes of the above paragraph, the term “outstanding voting securities of that issuer” will include equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership. For purposes of the diversification test described above, the identification of the issuer (or, in some cases, issuers) of a particular Fund investment can depend on the terms and conditions of that investment. In some cases, the identification of the issuer (or issuers) is uncertain under current law, and an adverse determination or future guidance by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) with respect to issuer identification for a particular type of investment may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to meet the diversification test described above.
If the Fund qualifies and is eligible for treatment as a RIC during a taxable year, the Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its net investment income (i.e., its investment company taxable income, as that term is defined in the Code, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid) and net capital gain (i.e., the excess of its net realized long-term capital gain over its net realized short-term capital loss), if any, that it distributes to its shareholders with respect to such taxable year, provided that it distributes to its shareholders at least the sum of 90% of its net investment income and 90% of its net tax-exempt interest income (if any) for such taxable year.
If the Fund were to fail to meet the income, diversification or distribution tests described above, the Fund could in some cases cure such failure, including by paying a Fund-level tax, paying interest, making additional distributions, or disposing of certain assets. If the Fund were ineligible to or otherwise did not cure such failure for any year, or if the Fund were otherwise to fail to qualify as a RIC for such year, the Fund’s taxable income would be subject to U.S. federal corporate income taxes, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including distributions of net capital gain (if any), would be taxable to the shareholder as ordinary income. Such distributions may be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income with respect to shareholders who are individuals and may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction in the case of shareholders taxed as corporations, provided, in both cases, the shareholder meets certain holding period and other requirements in respect of the Fund’s shares. In order to requalify for taxation as a RIC, the Fund may be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions.
Distributions are taxable as described herein regardless of whether shareholders receive them in cash or in additional shares of the Fund.
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Distributions of investment income and net gains from investments held for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. Distributions of net gains from investments held for more than one year are generally taxable as long-term capital gains. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned (or is treated as having owned) the investments that generated the gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund. Distributions of investment income properly reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be taxable to shareholders at the rates applicable to long-term capital gains, provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and the Fund level (as described below).
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, distributions paid out of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits will, except in the case of distributions of qualified dividend income and capital gain dividends described below, generally be taxable as ordinary income. “Qualified dividend income” received by an individual is generally taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain. In order for a dividend received by Fund shareholders to be qualified dividend income, the Fund must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the dividend-paying stock in its portfolio and the shareholders must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Fund’s shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment income for purposes of the limitation on deductibility of investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the U.S. (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation readily tradable on an established securities market in the U.S.) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”). Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify to be treated as qualified dividend income. There can be no assurance as to what portion of the Fund’s distributions will qualify for treatment as qualified dividend income.
In general, distributions of investment income properly reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an individual provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above with respect to the Fund’s shares. If the aggregate qualified dividend income received by the Fund during any taxable year is 95% or more of its gross income (excluding net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), then 100% of the Fund’s dividends (other than properly designated capital gain dividends) will be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income.
A portion of distributions made by the Fund which are derived from dividends from U.S. corporations may qualify for the dividends-received deduction (“DRD”) in the case of corporate shareholders. The DRD is reduced to the extent the Fund shares with respect to which the dividends are received are treated as debt-financed under the Code and is eliminated if the shares are deemed to have been held for less than a minimum period, generally more than 45 days (more than 90 days in the case of certain preferred stock) during the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the ex-dividend date (during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date in the case of certain preferred stock) or if the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. Receipt of certain distributions qualifying for the DRD may result in a reduction of the tax basis of the corporate shareholder’s shares. Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify for the DRD.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, net capital losses incurred by the Fund in a particular taxable year can be carried forward to offset net capital gains in any subsequent year until such loss carryforwards have been fully used, and such capital losses carried forward will retain their character as either short-term or long-term. To the extent subsequent net capital gains are offset by such losses, they would not result in U.S. federal income tax liability to the Fund and would not be distributed as such to shareholders.
Distributions of net capital gain, if any, designated as capital gains dividends are taxable to a shareholder as long-term capital gain, regardless of how long the shareholder has held Fund shares. The IRS and the Department of the Treasury have issued regulations that impose special rules in respect of capital gain dividends received through partnership interests constituting “applicable partnership interests” under Section 1061 of the Code.
A distribution of an amount in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated by a shareholder as a return of capital which is applied against and reduces the shareholder’s basis in his or her shares. To the extent that the amount of any such distribution exceeds the shareholder’s basis in his or her shares, the excess will be treated by the shareholder as gain from a sale or exchange of the shares. Distributions of gains from the sale of investments that the Fund owned for one year or less will give rise to short-term capital gain, taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. The Fund may elect to retain its net capital gain or a portion thereof for investment and be taxed at corporate rates on the amount retained. In such case, the Fund may designate the retained
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amount as undistributed capital gain in a timely notice to its shareholders who would then, in turn, be (i) required to include in income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their proportionate shares of such undistributed amount and (ii) entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount against their U.S. federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim a refund on a properly and timely-filed U.S. tax return to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. If the Fund makes this designation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of the Fund would be increased by an amount equal to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s gross income under clause (i) of the preceding sentence and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) in the preceding sentence. The Fund is not required to, and there can be no assurance that the Fund will, make this designation if it retains all or a portion of its net capital gain in a taxable year.
The Fund also seeks to avoid the imposition of a U.S. federal excise tax on its ordinary income and net capital gain. In order to avoid incurring a U.S. federal excise tax obligation, the Code requires that a RIC distribute (or be deemed to have distributed) by December 31 of each calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of (i) 98% of its ordinary income (not including tax-exempt income) for such year, (ii) 98.2% of its net capital gain, generally computed on the basis of the one-year period ending on October 31 of such year, and (iii) 100% of any ordinary income and net capital gains from the prior year (as previously computed) that was not paid out during such year and on which the Fund paid no U.S. federal income tax. If the Fund fails to meet these requirements it will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. For the foregoing purposes, a RIC is treated as having distributed any amount on which it is subject to income tax for any tax year ending in such calendar year.
Upon the sale or other disposition of shares of the Fund which a shareholder holds as a capital asset, such shareholder will generally recognize gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the shares sold and the sale proceeds. If the shares are held as a capital asset, the gain or loss will be a capital gain or loss and will be long-term or short-term depending on the shareholder’s holding period in the shares sold.
Any loss realized upon the sale or other disposition of Fund shares with a holding period of six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividends received with respect to such shares. In addition, all or a portion of a loss realized on a sale or other disposition of Fund shares may be disallowed under “wash sale” rules to the extent the shareholder acquires other shares of the same Fund (whether through the reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) within a period of 61 days beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the date of disposition of the shares. Any disallowed loss will result in an adjustment to the shareholder’s tax basis in some or all of the other shares acquired.
Sales charges paid upon a purchase of shares cannot be taken into account for purposes of determining gain or loss on a sale of the shares before the 91st day after their purchase to the extent a sales charge is reduced or eliminated in a subsequent acquisition of shares of the Fund (or of another fund), during the period beginning on the date of such sale and ending on January 31 of the calendar year following the calendar year in which the sale was made, pursuant to the reinvestment or exchange privilege. Any disregarded amounts will result in an adjustment to the shareholder’s tax basis in some or all of any other shares acquired.
The net investment income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts is subject to a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax. For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of “net investment income” and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over certain threshold amounts. Net investment income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities. Net investment income is reduced by deductions “properly allocable” to this income.
Dividends and distributions on the Fund’s shares are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the Fund’s realized income and gains, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholder’s investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the Fund’s net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Such realized gains may be required to be distributed even when the Fund’s net asset value also reflects unrealized losses. Certain distributions declared in October, November or December and paid in the following January will be taxed to shareholders as if received on December 31 of the year in which they were declared. In addition, certain other distributions made after the close of a taxable year of the Fund may be “spilled back” and treated as paid by the Fund (except for purposes of the non-deductible 4% U.S. federal excise tax) during such taxable year. In such case, shareholders will be treated as having received such dividends in the taxable year in which the distributions were actually made.
Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of additional shares pursuant to a dividend reinvestment plan will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as receiving a distribution in an amount equal to either (i) if the shares are trading below net asset value, the amount of cash allocated to the shareholder for the purchase of shares on its behalf in the open market, or (ii) if the shares are trading at or above net asset value, generally the fair market value of the new shares issued to the shareholder, and will have a cost basis in the shares received equal to such amount. The Fund will inform shareholders of the source and tax status of all distributions promptly after the close of each calendar year.
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The benefits of the reduced tax rates applicable to long-term capital gains and qualified dividend income may be impacted by the application of the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax to individual shareholders.
From time to time, the Fund may make a tender offer for its shares. Shareholders who tender all shares held, or considered to be held, by them will generally be treated as having sold their shares and generally will realize a capital gain or loss. If a shareholder tenders fewer than all of its shares, such shareholder may be treated as having received a distribution under Section 301 of the Code (“Section 301 Distribution”) unless the redemption is treated as being either (i) “substantially disproportionate” with respect to such shareholder or (ii) otherwise “not essentially equivalent to a dividend” under the relevant rules of the Code. A Section 301 Distribution is not treated as a sale or exchange giving rise to a capital gain or loss, but rather is treated as a dividend to the extent supported by the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, with the excess treated as a return of capital reducing the shareholder’s tax basis in Fund shares, and thereafter as capital gain. Where a redeeming shareholder is treated as receiving a dividend, there is a risk that non-tendering shareholders whose interests in the Fund increase as a result of such tender will be treated as having received a taxable distribution from the Fund. The extent of such risk will vary depending upon the particular circumstances of the tender offer, in particular whether such offer is a single and isolated event or is part of a plan for periodically redeeming the shares of the Fund; if isolated, any such risk is likely remote. To the extent that the Fund recognizes net gains on the liquidation of portfolio securities to meet such tenders or otherwise to repurchase Fund shares, the Fund will be required to make additional distributions to its shareholders.
The tax treatment of certain positions entered into by the Fund (including regulated futures contracts, certain foreign currency positions and certain listed non-equity options) will be governed by Section 1256 of the Code (“Section 1256 contracts”). Code Section 1256 generally requires any gain or loss arising from a Section 1256 contract to be treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss, although certain foreign currency gains and losses from such contracts may be treated as ordinary in character. In addition, the Fund generally will be required to “mark to market” (i.e., treat as sold for fair market value) each Section 1256 contract which it holds at the close of each taxable year (and for purposes of the 4% excise tax, on certain other dates as prescribed by the Code). If a Section 1256 contract held by the Fund at the end of a taxable year is sold in the following year, the amount of any gain or loss realized on such sale will be adjusted to reflect the gain or loss previously taken into account under the “mark to market” rules.
The taxation of equity options that the Fund expects to write that do not qualify as Section 1256 contracts are governed by Code Section 1234. Pursuant to Code Section 1234, the premium received by the Fund for selling a call option is not included in income at the time of receipt. If an option written by the Fund expires unexercised, the premium is short-term capital gain to the Fund. If the Fund enters into a closing transaction, the difference between the amount paid to close out its position and the premium received for writing the option is short-term capital gain or loss. If a call option written by the Fund is exercised, thereby requiring the Fund to sell the underlying security, the premium will increase the amount realized upon the sale of the security and any resulting gain or loss will be long-term or short-term, depending upon the holding period of the security. If securities are purchased by the Fund pursuant to the exercise of a put option written by it, the Fund generally will subtract the premium received for purposes of computing its cost basis in the securities purchased. With respect to a put or call option that is purchased by the Fund, if the option is sold, any resulting gain or loss will be a capital gain or loss, and will be short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If the option expires, the resulting loss is a capital loss and is short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If the option is exercised, the cost of the option, in the case of a call option, is added to the basis of the purchased security and, in the case of a put option, reduces the amount realized on the underlying security in determining gain or loss. Because the Fund does not have control over the exercise of the call options it writes, such exercise or other required sales of the underlying securities may cause the Fund to realize capital gains or losses at inopportune times.
The Code contains special rules that apply to “straddles,” defined generally as the holding of “offsetting positions with respect to personal property.”
For example, the straddle rules normally apply when a taxpayer holds stock and an offsetting option with respect to such stock or substantially identical stock or securities. In general, investment positions will be offsetting if there is a substantial diminution in the risk of loss from holding one position by reason of holding one or more other positions. The Fund expects that the index call options it writes will not be considered straddles for this purpose because the Fund’s portfolio of common stocks will be sufficiently dissimilar from the components of the indices on which it has outstanding option positions under applicable guidance established by the IRS. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may enter into options transactions or certain other investments that may constitute positions in a straddle. If two or more positions constitute a straddle, recognition of a realized loss from one position must generally be deferred to the extent of unrecognized gain in an offsetting position. In addition, long-term capital gain may be recharacterized as short-term capital gain, or short-term capital loss as long-term capital loss. Interest and other carrying charges allocable to personal property that is part of a straddle are not currently deductible but must instead be capitalized. Similarly, “wash sale” rules apply to prevent the recognition of loss by the Fund from the disposition of stock or securities at a loss in a case in which identical or substantially identical stock or securities (or an option to acquire such property) is or has been acquired within a prescribed period.
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The Code allows a taxpayer to elect to offset gains and losses from positions that are part of a “mixed straddle.” Generally a “mixed straddle” is a straddle in which one or more but not all positions are Section 1256 contracts. The Fund may be eligible to elect to establish one or more mixed straddle accounts for certain of its mixed straddle trading positions. The mixed straddle account rules require a daily “marking to market” of all open positions in the account and a daily netting of gains and losses from all positions in the account. At the end of a taxable year, the annual net gains or losses from the mixed straddle account are recognized for tax purposes. The net capital gain or loss is treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss if attributable to the Section 1256 contract positions, or all short-term capital gain or loss if attributable to the non-Section 1256 contract positions.
The Fund may recognize gain (but not loss) from a constructive sale of certain “appreciated financial positions” if the Fund enters into a short sale, offsetting notional principal contract, or forward contract transaction with respect to the appreciated position or substantially identical property. Appreciated financial positions subject to this constructive sale treatment include interests (including options and forward contracts and short sales) in stock and certain other instruments. Constructive sale treatment does not apply if the transaction is closed out not later than thirty days after the end of the taxable year in which the transaction was initiated, and the underlying appreciated securities position is held unhedged for at least the next sixty days after the hedging transaction is closed.
Gain or loss from a short sale of property is generally considered as capital gain or loss to the extent the property used to close the short sale constitutes a capital asset in the Fund’s hands. Except with respect to certain situations where the property used to close a short sale has a long-term holding period on the date the short sale is entered into, gains on short sales generally are short-term capital gains. A loss on a short sale will be treated as a long-term capital loss if, on the date of the short sale, “substantially identical property” has been held by the Fund for more than one year. In addition, these rules may also suspend the running of the holding period of “substantially identical property” held by the Fund.
Gain or loss on a short sale will generally not be realized until such time as the short sale is closed. However, as described above in the discussion of constructive sales, if the Fund holds a short sale position with respect to securities that has appreciated in value, and it then acquires property that is the same as or substantially identical to the property sold short, the Fund generally will recognize gain on the date it acquires such property as if the short sale were closed on such date with such property. Similarly, if the Fund holds an appreciated financial position with respect to securities and then enters into a short sale with respect to the same or substantially identical property, the Fund generally will recognize gain as if the appreciated financial position were sold at its fair market value on the date it enters into the short sale. The subsequent holding period for any appreciated financial position that is subject to these constructive sale rules will be determined as if such position were acquired on the date of the constructive sale.
The Fund’s transactions in futures contracts and options will be subject to special provisions of the Code that, among other things, may affect the character of gains and losses realized by the Fund (i.e., may affect whether gains or losses are ordinary or capital, or short-term or long-term), may accelerate recognition of income to the Fund and may defer Fund losses. These rules could, therefore, affect the character, amount and timing of distributions to shareholders. These provisions also (a) may require the Fund to mark-to-market certain types of the positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out), and (b) may cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement for qualifying to be taxed as a RIC and the 98% and 98.2% distribution requirements for avoiding U.S. federal excise taxes.
In particular, the Fund expects to write call options with respect to certain securities held by the Fund. Depending on whether such options are exercised or lapse, or whether the securities or options are sold, the existence of these options will affect the amount and timing of the recognition of income and whether the income qualifies as long-term capital gain.
Further, certain of the Fund’s investment practices are subject to special and complex U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things, (i) convert dividends that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income into short-term capital gain or ordinary income taxed at the higher rate applicable to ordinary income, (ii) treat dividends that would otherwise be eligible for the corporate DRD as ineligible for such treatment, (iii) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (iv) convert long-term capital gain into short-term capital gain or ordinary income, (v) convert an ordinary loss or deduction into a capital loss (the deductibility of which is more limited), (vi) cause the Fund to recognize income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, (vii) adversely affect the time as to when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur, (viii) adversely alter the characterization of certain complex financial transactions, and (ix) produce income that will not constitute qualifying income for purposes of the 90% annual gross income requirement described above.
Dividends and interest received, and gains realized, by the Fund on foreign securities may be subject to income, withholding or other taxes imposed by foreign countries and U.S. possessions (collectively “foreign taxes”) that would reduce the return on its securities. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States, however, may reduce or eliminate foreign taxes. Shareholders will generally not be entitled to claim a credit or deduction with respect to foreign taxes paid by the Fund. In addition, investments in foreign securities or currencies may increase or accelerate the Fund’s recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of the Fund’s distributions.
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Equity investments by the Fund in certain PFICs could potentially subject the Fund to a U.S. federal income tax (including interest charges) on distributions received from the company or on proceeds received from the disposition of shares in the company. This tax cannot be eliminated by making distributions to Fund shareholders. However, the Fund may elect to avoid the imposition of that tax. For example, the Fund may elect to treat a PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” (i.e., make a “QEF election”), in which case the Fund will be required to include its share of the PFIC’s income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether it receives any distribution from the PFIC. The Fund also may make an election to mark the gains (and to a limited extent losses) in such holdings “to the market” as though it had sold (and, solely for purposes of this mark-to-market election, repurchased) its holdings in those PFICs on the last day of the Fund’s taxable year. Such gains and losses are treated as ordinary income and loss. The QEF and mark-to-market elections may accelerate the recognition of income (without the receipt of cash) and increase the amount required to be distributed by the Fund to avoid taxation. Making either of these elections therefore may require the Fund to liquidate other investments (including when it is not advantageous to do so) to meet its distribution requirement, which also may accelerate the recognition of gain and affect the Fund’s total return. Dividends paid by PFICs will not be eligible to be treated as “qualified dividend income.” Because it is not always possible to identify a foreign corporation as a PFIC, the Fund may incur the tax and interest charges described above in some instances.
Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the Fund accrues income or receivables or expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such income or receivables or pays such liabilities are generally treated as ordinary income or loss. Similarly, gains or losses on foreign currency forward contracts and the disposition of debt securities denominated in a foreign currency, to the extent attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the acquisition and disposition dates, are also treated as ordinary income or loss.
Amounts paid by the Fund to individuals and certain other shareholders who have not provided the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number (“TIN”) and certain certifications required by the IRS as well as shareholders with respect to whom the Fund has received certain information from the IRS or a broker may be subject to “backup” withholding of U.S. federal income tax arising from the Fund’s taxable dividends and other distributions as well as the gross proceeds of sales of shares. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from payments made to a shareholder may be refunded or credited against such shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
Distributions by the Fund to shareholders that are not “United States persons” within the meaning of the Code (“foreign shareholders”) properly reported by the Fund as (1) capital gain dividends, (2) short-term capital gain dividends, as defined below, and (3) interest-related dividends, as defined below and, in each case, subject to certain conditions described below, generally are not subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax.
In general, the Code defines (1) “short-term capital gain dividends” as distributions of net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses and (2) “interest-related dividends” as distributions from U.S. source interest income of types similar to those not subject to U.S. federal income tax if earned directly by an individual foreign shareholder, in each case to the extent such distributions are properly reported as such by the Fund in a written notice to shareholders. The exceptions to withholding for capital gain dividends and short-term capital gain dividends do not apply to (A) distributions to an individual foreign shareholder who is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the distribution and (B) distributions attributable to gain that is treated as effectively connected with the conduct by the foreign shareholder of a trade or business within the United States under special rules regarding the disposition of U.S. real property interests. The exception to withholding for interest-related dividends does not apply to distributions to a foreign shareholder (A) that has not provided a satisfactory statement that the beneficial owner is not a U.S. person, (B) to the extent that the dividend is attributable to certain interest on an obligation if the foreign shareholder is the issuer or is a 10% shareholder of the issuer, (C) that is within certain foreign countries that have inadequate information exchange with the United States, or (D) to the extent the dividend is attributable to interest paid by a person that is a related person of the foreign shareholder and the foreign shareholder is a controlled foreign corporation. The Fund is permitted to report such part of its dividends as interest-related and/or short-term capital gain dividends as are eligible, but is not required to do so. In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may withhold even if the Fund reports all or a portion of a payment as an interest-related or short-term capital gain dividend to shareholders. Foreign shareholders should contact their intermediaries regarding the application of these rules to their accounts.
If the Fund invests in a RIC that pays capital gain dividends, short-term capital gain dividends or interest-related dividends to the Fund, such distributions retain their character as not being subject to withholding if properly reported when paid by the Fund to foreign shareholders.
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Foreign shareholders with respect to whom income from the Fund is effectively connected with a trade or business conducted by the foreign shareholder within the United States will in general be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the income derived from the Fund at the graduated rates applicable to U.S. citizens, residents or domestic corporations, regardless of whether such income is received in cash or reinvested in shares of the Fund and, in the case of a foreign corporation, may also be subject to a branch profits tax. If a foreign shareholder is eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty, any effectively connected income or gain will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the shareholder in the United States. More generally, foreign shareholders who are residents in a country with an income tax treaty with the United States may obtain different tax results than those described herein, and are urged to consult their tax advisors. Distributions by the Fund to foreign shareholders other than capital gain dividends, short-term capital gain dividends, and interest-related dividends (e.g., dividends attributable to dividend and foreign-source interest income or to short-term capital gains or U.S. source interest income to which the exception from withholding described above does not apply) are generally subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate).
A foreign shareholder is not, in general, subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a deduction for losses) realized on the sale of shares of the Fund unless (i) such gain is effectively connected with the conduct by the foreign shareholder of a trade or business within the United States, (ii) in the case of a foreign shareholder that is an individual, the shareholder is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale and certain other conditions are met, or (iii) the special rules relating to gain attributable to the sale or exchange of “U.S. real property interests” apply to the foreign shareholder’s sale of shares of the Fund.
In order to qualify for any exemptions from withholding described above or for lower withholding tax rates under income tax treaties, or to establish an exemption from backup withholding, a foreign shareholder must comply with special certification and filing requirements relating to its non-U.S. status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E or substitute form). Foreign shareholders should consult their tax advisors in this regard.
Special rules (including withholding and reporting requirements) apply to foreign partnerships and those holding Fund shares through foreign partnerships. Additional considerations may apply to foreign trusts and estates. Investors holding Fund shares through foreign entities should consult their tax advisors about their particular situation.
Any investment by the Fund in equity securities of a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) qualifying as such under Subchapter M of the Code may result in the Fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings; if the Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to Fund shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Investments in REIT equity securities also may require the Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. Dividends received by the Fund from a REIT will not qualify for the corporate DRD and generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.
Distributions by the Fund to its shareholders that the Fund properly reports as “section 199A dividends,” as defined and subject to certain conditions described below, are treated as qualified REIT dividends in the hands of non-corporate shareholders. Non-corporate shareholders are permitted a U.S. federal income tax deduction equal to 20% of qualified REIT dividends received by them, subject to certain limitations. Currently, eligible non-corporate shareholders can claim the deduction for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, and ending on or before December 31, 2025. Very generally, a “section 199A dividend” is any dividend or portion thereof that is attributable to certain dividends received by a RIC from REITs, to the extent such dividends are properly reported as such by the RIC in a written notice to its shareholders. A section 199A dividend is treated as a qualified REIT dividend only if the shareholders receiving such dividend holds the dividend-paying RIC shares for at least 46 days of the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the shares become ex-dividend, and is not under an obligation to make related payments with respect to a position in substantially similar or related property. The Fund is permitted to report such part of its dividends as section 199A dividends as are eligible, but is not required to do so.
If a shareholder realizes a loss on a disposition of the Fund’s shares in any single tax year of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, or, in any combination of tax years, $4 million or more for an individual shareholder or $20 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted.
Code Sections 1471 through 1474 and the U.S. Treasury Regulations and IRS guidance issued thereunder (collectively, “FATCA”) generally require the Fund to obtain information sufficient to identify the status of each of its shareholders under FATCA or under an applicable intergovernmental agreement (an “IGA”) between the United States and a foreign government. If a shareholder of the Fund fails to provide the requested information or otherwise fails to comply with FATCA or an IGA, the Fund may be required to withhold
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under FATCA at a rate of 30% with respect to that shareholder on ordinary dividends it pays. The IRS and the Department of the Treasury have issued proposed regulations providing that these withholding rules will not apply to the gross proceeds of share redemptions or capital gain dividends the Fund pays. If a payment by the Fund is subject to withholding under FATCA, the Fund is required to withhold even if such payment would otherwise be exempt from withholding under the rules applicable to foreign shareholders described above (e.g., interest-related dividends). Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of these requirements on their investment in the Fund.
The foregoing briefly summarizes some of the important U.S. federal income tax consequences to shareholders of investing in Fund shares and reflects the U.S. federal tax law as of the date of this SAI, but it does not address all special tax rules applicable to certain types of investors, such as corporate and foreign investors. Unless otherwise noted, this discussion assumes that an investor is a U.S. person within the meaning of the Code and holds shares as a capital asset. This discussion is based upon current provisions of the Code, the regulations promulgated thereunder, and judicial and administrative ruling authorities, all of which are subject to change or differing interpretations by the courts or the IRS retroactively or prospectively. Investors should consult their tax advisors regarding other U.S. federal, state and local, and non-U.S. tax considerations that may be applicable in their particular circumstances, as well as any proposed tax law changes.
State and Local Taxes. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors as to the state or local tax consequences of investing in the Fund.
OTHER INFORMATION
The Fund is an organization of the type commonly known as a “Massachusetts business trust.” Under Massachusetts law, shareholders of such a trust may, in certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for the obligations of the trust. The Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability in connection with Fund property or the acts, obligations or affairs of the Fund. The Declaration of Trust, in coordination with the Fund’s By-Laws, also provides for indemnification out of Fund property of any shareholder held personally liable for the claims and liabilities to which a shareholder may become subject by reason of being or having been a shareholder. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the Fund itself is unable to meet its obligations. The Fund has been advised by its counsel that the risk of any shareholder incurring any liability for the obligations of the Fund is remote.
The Declaration of Trust provides that the Trustees will not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law; but nothing in the Declaration of Trust protects a Trustee against any liability to the Fund or its shareholders to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office. Voting rights are not cumulative, which means that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voting for the election of Trustees can elect 100% of the Trustees and, in such event, the holders of the remaining less than 50% of the shares voting on the matter will not be able to elect any Trustees.
The Declaration of Trust provides that no person shall serve as a Trustee if shareholders holding two-thirds of the outstanding shares have removed him from that office either by a written declaration filed with the Fund’s custodian or by votes cast at a meeting called for that purpose. The Declaration of Trust further provides that the Trustees of the Fund shall promptly call a meeting of the shareholders for the purpose of voting upon a question of removal of any such Trustee or Trustees when requested in writing to do so by the record holders of not less than 10 per centum of the outstanding shares.
The Fund’s Prospectus, any related Prospectus Supplement, and this SAI do not contain all of the information set forth in the Registration Statement that the Fund has filed with the SEC. The complete Registration Statement may be obtained from the SEC upon payment of the fee prescribed by its rules and regulations or free of charge through the SEC’s website (sec.gov).
CUSTODIAN
State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”), One Congress Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114-2016, is the custodian of the Fund and will maintain custody of the securities and cash of the Fund. State Street maintains the Fund’s general ledger and computes net asset value per share at least weekly. State Street also attends to details in connection with the sale, exchange, substitution, transfer and other dealings with the Fund’s investments, and receives and disburses all funds. State Street also assists in preparation of shareholder reports and the electronic filing of such reports with the SEC.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Deloitte & Touche LLP (“Deloitte”), 115 Federal Street, Suite 15, Boston, Massachusetts 02110-1894, independent registered public accounting firm, audits the Fund’s financial statements. Deloitte and/or its affiliates provide other audit and related services to the Fund.
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CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
As of April 24, 2025, the officers and Trustees of the Fund as a group owned beneficially less than 1% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. To the best knowledge of the Fund, no shareholders (principal holders) owned more than 5% of the Fund’s Common Shares as of April 25, 2025. A shareholder who owns beneficially more than 25% of a fund is deemed to be a control person of that fund.
POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
As a diversified global financial services firm, Morgan Stanley, the parent company of the adviser and sub-adviser (if applicable), engages in a broad spectrum of activities, including financial advisory services, investment management activities, lending, commercial banking, sponsoring and managing private investment funds, engaging in broker-dealer transactions and principal securities, commodities and foreign exchange transactions, research publication and other activities. In the ordinary course of its business, Morgan Stanley is a full-service investment banking and financial services firm and therefore engages in activities where Morgan Stanley’s interests or the interests of its clients may conflict with the interests of a Fund. Morgan Stanley advises clients and sponsors, manages or advises other investment funds and investment programs, accounts and businesses (collectively, together with any new or successor funds, programs, accounts or businesses sponsored, managed, or advised by the Adviser or one of its investment adviser affiliates, the “Affiliated Investment Accounts”) with a wide variety of investment objectives that in some instances may overlap or conflict with a Fund’s investment objectives and present conflicts of interest. In addition, Morgan Stanley, the Adviser and/or the Adviser’s investment adviser affiliates may also from time to time create new or successor Affiliated Investment Accounts that may compete with a Fund and present similar conflicts of interest. The discussion below enumerates certain actual, apparent and potential conflicts of interest. There is no assurance that conflicts of interest will be resolved in favor of Fund shareholders and, in fact, they may not be. The conflicts herein do not purport to be a complete list or explanation of the conflicts associated with the financial or other interests the Adviser or its affiliates may have now or in the future. Conflicts of interest not described below may also exist. References to the Adviser in this section include a Fund’s affiliated sub-adviser (if any) unless otherwise noted.
The discussions below with respect to actual, apparent and potential conflicts of interest may be applicable to or arise from the Affiliated Investment Accounts managed by the Adviser’s investment adviser affiliates whether or not specifically identified.
Material Non-Public and Other Information. It is expected that confidential or material non-public information regarding an investment or potential investment opportunity may become available to the Adviser. If such information becomes available, the Adviser may be precluded (including by applicable law or internal policies or procedures) from pursuing an investment or disposition opportunity with respect to such investment or disposition opportunity including for an extended period of time. The Adviser may also from time to time be subject to contractual “stand-still” obligations and/or confidentiality obligations that may restrict its ability to transact in certain investments on a Fund’s behalf. In addition, the Adviser may be precluded from disclosing such information to an investment team, even in circumstances in which the information would be beneficial if disclosed. Therefore, the investment team may not be provided access to material non-public information in the possession of Morgan Stanley that might be relevant to an investment decision to be made on behalf of a Fund, and the investment team may initiate a transaction or sell an investment that, if such information had been known to it, may not have been undertaken. In addition, certain members of the investment team may be recused from certain investment-related discussions so that such members do not receive information that would limit their ability to perform functions of their employment with the Adviser or its affiliates unrelated to that of a Fund. Furthermore, access to information held by certain parts of Morgan Stanley may be subject to third party confidentiality obligations and to information barriers established by Morgan Stanley designed to manage potential conflicts of interest and regulatory restrictions, including, without limitation, joint transaction restrictions pursuant to the 1940 Act. Accordingly, the Adviser’s ability to source investments from, or invest alongside, other business units within Morgan Stanley may be limited and there can be no assurance that the Adviser will be able to source any investments from any one or more parts of the Morgan Stanley network.
The Adviser may restrict its investment decisions and activities on behalf of the Funds in various circumstances, including because of applicable regulatory requirements or information held by the Adviser, the Adviser’s investment adviser affiliates or Morgan Stanley. The Adviser might not engage in transactions or other activities for, or enforce certain rights in favor of, a Fund due to Morgan Stanley’s activities outside the Funds. Furthermore, Morgan Stanley could have an interest that is different from, and potentially adverse to, that of the Fund, which may impede the Fund from participating in certain opportunities. In instances where trading of an investment is restricted, the Adviser may not be able to purchase or sell such investment on behalf of a Fund including for an extended period of time, resulting in a Fund’s inability to participate in certain desirable transactions. This inability to buy or sell an investment could have an adverse effect on a Fund’s portfolio due to, among other things, changes in an investment’s value during the period its trading is restricted.
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Morgan Stanley has established certain information barriers and other policies designed to address the sharing of information between different businesses within Morgan Stanley. As a result of information barriers, the Adviser, in certain instances, will not have access, or will have limited access, to certain information and personnel in other areas of Morgan Stanley and, in such instances, will not manage the Funds with the benefit of the information held by such other areas. Morgan Stanley, due to its access to and knowledge of funds, markets and securities based on its various businesses, may make decisions based on information or take (or refrain from taking) actions with respect to interests in investments of the kind held (directly or indirectly) by the Funds in a manner that may be adverse to the Fund, and will not have any obligation or other duty to share information with the Adviser.
In other instances, Morgan Stanley personnel, including personnel of the Adviser, will have access to information and personnel of its affiliates. For example, the Adviser may, in certain instances, share information with its affiliates regarding due diligence of companies and other investment-related due diligence. The Adviser may face conflicts of interest in determining whether to engage in the sharing of information with its affiliates. Information sharing may limit or restrict the ability of the Adviser to engage in or otherwise effect transactions on behalf of the Funds (including purchasing or selling securities that the Adviser may otherwise have purchased or sold for a Fund in the absence of the sharing of information). Also, it may adversely affect a Fund’s investments, ability to invest in, or divest from, a company or engage in transactions or otherwise disadvantage a Fund. In managing conflicts of interest that arise because of the foregoing, the Adviser generally will be subject to fiduciary requirements. The Adviser may also implement internal information barriers or ethical walls or other internal information sharing protocols, and the conflicts described herein with respect to information barriers and otherwise with respect to Morgan Stanley and the Adviser will also apply internally within the Adviser. As a result, a Fund may not be permitted to transact in (e.g., dispose of a security in whole or in part) during periods when it otherwise would have been desirable and able to do so, which could adversely affect a Fund. Other investors in the security that are not subject to such restrictions may be able to transact in the security during such periods. There may also be circumstances in which, as a result of information held by certain portfolio management teams in the Adviser, the Adviser limits an activity or transaction for a Fund, including if a Fund is managed by a portfolio management team other than the team holding such information.
Morgan Stanley and its personnel will not be under any obligation or other duty to share certain information with the Adviser or personnel involved in decision-making for Affiliated Investment Accounts (including the Funds), as applicable, and the Adviser may make investment decisions for a Fund that differ from those the Adviser would have made if Morgan Stanley, or other parts, of the Adviser had provided such information, and the Fund be disadvantaged as a result thereof. Additionally, different portfolio management teams within the Adviser may make decisions based on information or take (or refrain from taking) actions with respect to Affiliated Investment Accounts they advise in a manner different than or adverse to the Funds.
Investments by Morgan Stanley and its Affiliated Investment Accounts. In serving in multiple capacities to Affiliated Investment Accounts, Morgan Stanley, including the Adviser and its investment teams, may have obligations to other clients or investors in Affiliated Investment Accounts, the fulfillment of which may not be in the best interests of a Fund or its shareholders. An investment team may have obligations to Affiliated Investment Accounts managed by both the Adviser and one or more of the Adviser’s investment adviser affiliates. A Fund’s investment objectives may overlap with the investment objectives of certain Affiliated Investment Accounts. As a result, the members of an investment team may face conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities among a Fund and other investment funds, programs, accounts and businesses advised by or affiliated with the Adviser or its investment adviser affiliates. Certain Affiliated Investment Accounts may provide for higher management or incentive fees or greater expense reimbursements or overhead allocations, all of which may contribute to this conflict of interest and create an incentive for the Adviser to favor such other accounts.
Morgan Stanley currently invests and plans to continue to invest on its own behalf and on behalf of its Affiliated Investment Accounts in a wide variety of investment opportunities globally. Morgan Stanley and its Affiliated Investment Accounts, to the extent consistent with applicable law and policies and procedures, will be permitted to invest in investment opportunities without making such opportunities available to a Fund. Subject to the foregoing, Morgan Stanley may offer investments that fall into the investment objectives of an Affiliated Investment Account to such account or make such investment on its own behalf, even though such investment also falls within a Fund’s investment objectives. A Fund may invest in opportunities that Morgan Stanley and/or one or more Affiliated Investment Accounts has declined, and vice versa. All of the foregoing may reduce the number of investment opportunities available to a Fund and may create conflicts of interest in allocating investment opportunities. Investors should note that the conflicts inherent in making such allocation decisions may not always be resolved to a Fund’s advantage. There can be no assurance that a Fund will have an opportunity to participate in certain opportunities that fall within their investment objectives. The interests of Morgan Stanley in an investment or a company may present certain conflicts of interest with respect to an investment by a Fund in the same investment or a Fund’s participation in a transaction with such company.
To the extent the Adviser utilizes quantitative models or risk management or optimization investment techniques, the decision on when to initiate a purchase or sale transaction may differ, and be done for different reasons, than the Adviser or its affiliates take on Affiliated Investment Accounts take on the same securities when not utilizing such techniques. This could create conflicts of interest, and it is possible that one or more accounts managed by the Adviser will achieve investment results that are substantially more or less favorable than those results achieved by a Fund.
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To seek to reduce potential conflicts of interest and to attempt to allocate such investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, the Adviser has implemented allocation policies and procedures. These policies and procedures are intended to give all clients of the Adviser, including the Fund, fair access to investment opportunities consistent with the requirements of organizational documents, investment strategies, applicable laws and regulations, and the fiduciary duties of the Adviser. Each client of the Adviser that is subject to the allocation policies and procedures, including each Fund, is assigned an investment team and portfolio manager(s) by the Adviser. The investment team and portfolio managers review investment opportunities and will decide with respect to the allocation of each opportunity considering various factors and in accordance with the allocation policies and procedures. The allocation policies and procedures are subject to change. Investors should note that the conflicts inherent in making such allocation decisions may not always be resolved to the advantage of a Fund.
It is possible that Morgan Stanley or an Affiliated Investment Account, including another Morgan Stanley Fund, will invest in or advise (in the case of Morgan Stanley) a company that is or becomes a competitor of a company of which a Fund holds an investment. Such investment could create a conflict between the Fund, on the one hand, and Morgan Stanley or the Affiliated Investment Account, on the other hand. In such a situation, Morgan Stanley may also have a conflict in the allocation of its own resources to the portfolio investment. Furthermore, certain Affiliated Investment Accounts will be focused primarily on investing in other funds which may have strategies that overlap and/or directly conflict and compete with a Fund.
In addition, certain investment professionals who are involved in a Fund’s activities remain responsible for the investment activities of other Affiliated Investment Accounts managed by the Adviser and its affiliates, and they will devote time to the management of such investments and other newly created Affiliated Investment Accounts (whether in the form of funds, separate accounts or other vehicles), as well as their own investments. In addition, in connection with the management of investments for other Affiliated Investment Accounts, members of Morgan Stanley and its affiliates may serve on the boards of directors of or advise companies which may compete with a Fund’s portfolio investments. Moreover, these Affiliated Investment Accounts managed by Morgan Stanley and its affiliates may pursue investment opportunities that may also be suitable for a Fund.
It should be noted that Morgan Stanley may, directly or indirectly, make large investments in certain of its Affiliated Investment Accounts, and accordingly Morgan Stanley’s investment in a Fund may not be a determining factor in the outcome of any of the foregoing conflicts. Nothing herein restricts or in any way limits the activities of Morgan Stanley, including its ability to buy or sell interests in, or provide financing to, equity and/or debt instruments, funds or portfolio companies, for its own accounts or for the accounts of Affiliated Investment Accounts or other investment funds or clients in accordance with applicable law.
Different clients of the Adviser and its affiliates, including a Fund, may invest in (1) different classes of securities of the same issuer (including, without limitation, different parts of an issuer’s capital structure), depending on the respective clients’ investment objectives and policies and/or (2) the same class of securities of the same issuer while seeking different investment objectives or executing different investment strategies (such as long-term v. short-term investment horizons), and the Adviser may face conflicts with respect to the interests involved. As a result, the Adviser and its affiliates, at times, will seek to satisfy fiduciary obligations to certain clients owning one/ the same class of securities of a particular issuer by pursuing or enforcing rights on behalf of those clients with respect to such (class of) securities, and those activities may have an adverse effect on another client which owns a different class of securities of such issuer. For example, if one client holds debt securities of an issuer and another client holds equity securities of the same issuer, if the issuer experiences financial or operational challenges, the Adviser and its affiliates may seek a liquidation of the issuer on behalf of the client that holds the debt securities, whereas the client holding the equity securities may benefit from a reorganization of the issuer. Thus, in such situations, the actions taken by the Adviser or its affiliates on behalf of one client can negatively impact securities held by another client. Alternatively, for example, if a client owns a security while seeking short-term capital appreciation that Adviser may vote proxies or engage with the issuer (as applicable) in pursuit of that goal – which could negatively impact clients who hold the same security but are seeking long-term capital appreciation. These conflicts also exist as between the Adviser’s clients, including a Fund, and the Affiliated Investment Accounts managed by the Adviser’s investment adviser affiliates.
In addition, in certain circumstances, the Adviser restricts, limits or reduces the amount of the Fund’s investment, or restricts the type of governance or voting rights it acquires or exercises, where the Fund (potentially together with Morgan Stanley) exceeds a certain ownership interest, or possesses certain degrees of voting or control or has other interests.
The Adviser and its affiliates may give advice and recommend securities to other clients which may differ from advice given to, or securities recommended or bought for, a Fund even though such other clients’ investment objectives may be similar to those of the Fund and the Adviser may make decisions for a Fund that may be more beneficial to one type of shareholder than another.
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The Adviser and its affiliates manage long and short portfolios. The simultaneous management of long and short portfolios creates conflicts of interest in portfolio management and trading in that opposite directional positions may be taken in client accounts, including client accounts managed by the same investment team, and creates risks such as: (i) the risk that short sale activity could adversely affect the market value of long positions in one or more portfolios (and vice versa) and (ii) the risks associated with the trading desk receiving opposing orders in the same security simultaneously. The Adviser and its affiliates have adopted policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to mitigate these conflicts. In certain circumstances, the Adviser invests on behalf of itself in securities and other instruments that would be appropriate for, held by, or may fall within the investment guidelines of its clients, including a Fund. At times, the Adviser may give advice or take action for its own accounts that differs from, conflicts with, or is adverse to advice given or action taken for any client.
From time to time, conflicts also arise due to the fact that certain securities or instruments may be held in some client accounts, including a Fund, but not in others, or that client accounts may have different amounts of holdings in certain securities or instruments. In addition, due to differences in the investment strategies or restrictions among client accounts, the Adviser may take action with respect to one account that differs from the action taken with respect to another account. In some cases, a client account may compensate the Adviser based on the performance of the securities held by that account or pay a higher overall fee rate. The existence of such a performance based fee or higher fee rates may create additional conflicts of interest for the Adviser in the allocation of management time, resources and investment opportunities. The Adviser has adopted several policies and procedures designed to address these potential conflicts including a code of ethics and policies that govern the Adviser’s trading practices, including, among other things, the aggregation and allocation of trades among clients, brokerage allocations, cross trades and best execution.
In addition, at times an investment team will give advice or take action with respect to the investments of one or more clients that is not given or taken with respect to other clients with similar investment programs, objectives, and strategies. Accordingly, clients with similar strategies will not always hold the same securities or instruments or achieve the same performance. The Adviser’s investment teams also advise clients with conflicting programs, objectives or strategies. These conflicts also exist as between the Adviser’s clients, including the Fund, and the Affiliated Investment Accounts managed by the Adviser’s investment adviser affiliates.
From time to time, the Adviser or its affiliates may provide opportunities to Affiliated Investment Accounts (including potentially a Fund) or other clients to make investments in companies (such as in equity, debt or other securities issued by companies) or to engage in transactions involving companies (such as refinancing, restructuring or other transactions) in which certain Affiliated Investment Accounts (including potentially a Fund) or other clients have already invested. These investments can create conflicts of interest, including those associated with the assets of a Fund potentially providing value to, or otherwise supporting the investments of, other Affiliated Investment Accounts or other clients and potentially diluting or otherwise adversely affecting a Fund previously invested in the company.
Morgan Stanley and its affiliates maintain separate trading desks that operate independently of each other and do not share information with the Adviser. The Morgan Stanley and affiliate trading desks may compete against the Adviser trading desks when implementing buy and sell transactions, possibly causing certain Affiliated Investment Accounts to pay more or receive less for a security than other Affiliated Investment Accounts.
Investments by Separate Investment Departments. For the Adviser and certain of its investment adviser affiliates, the entities and individuals that provide investment-related services can differ by client, investment function, or business line (each, an “Investment Department” and collectively, the “Investment Departments”). Nonetheless, Investment Departments (with certain exceptions) can engage in discussions and share information and resources with another Investment Department (or a team within the other Investment Department) regarding investment-related matters. The sharing of information and resources between the Investment Departments is designed to further increase the knowledge and effectiveness of each Investment Department. However, an investment team’s decisions as to the use of shared research and participation in discussions with another Investment Department could adversely impact a client. Certain investment teams within one Investment Department could make investment decisions and execute trades together with investment teams within other Investment Departments. Other investment teams make investment decisions and execute trades independently. This could cause the quality and price of execution, and the performance of investments and accounts, to vary. Internal policies and procedures set forth the guidelines under which securities and securities trades can be crossed, aggregated, and coordinated between accounts serviced by different Investment Departments. Internal policies and procedures take into consideration a variety of factors, including the primary market in which such security trades. If a security or securities trade is ineligible for crossing, aggregation, or other coordinated trading, then each Investment Department will execute such trades independently of the other.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries. (For purposes of this Section, “Adviser” refers to Eaton Vance only) The Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates may pay compensation, out of their own funds and not as an expense of a Fund, to certain Financial Intermediaries (which may include affiliates of the Adviser and the Distributor), including recordkeepers and administrators of various deferred compensation plans, in connection with the sale, distribution, marketing and retention of shares of the Fund and/or shareholder servicing. For example, the Adviser or the Distributor may pay additional compensation to a Financial Intermediary for, among other things, promoting the sale and distribution of Fund shares, providing access to various programs, mutual fund platforms or preferred or recommended mutual fund lists that may be offered by a Financial Intermediary, granting the Distributor access to a Financial Intermediary’s financial advisors and consultants, providing assistance in the ongoing education and
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training of a Financial Intermediary’s financial personnel, furnishing marketing support, maintaining share balances and/or for sub-accounting, recordkeeping, administrative, shareholder or transaction processing services. Such payments are in addition to any distribution fees, shareholder servicing fees and/or transfer agency fees that may be payable by a Fund. The additional payments may be based on various factors, including level of sales (based on gross or net sales or some specified minimum sales or some other similar criteria related to sales of the Fund and/or some or all other Morgan Stanley Funds), amount of assets invested by the Financial Intermediary’s customers (which could include current or aged assets of the Fund and/or some or all other Morgan Stanley Funds), a Fund’s advisory fee, some other agreed upon amount or other measures as determined from time to time by the Adviser and/or the Distributor. The amount of these payments may be different for different Financial Intermediaries. In certain cases, payments to broker-dealers and other Financial Intermediaries may be shared by and among the Adviser, the Distributor and their affiliates.
The prospect of receiving, or the receipt of, additional compensation, as described above, by Financial Intermediaries may provide such Financial Intermediaries and their financial advisors and other salespersons with an incentive to favor sales of shares of the Fund over other investment options with respect to which these Financial Intermediaries do not receive additional compensation (or receives lower levels of additional compensation). These payment arrangements, however, will not change the price that an investor pays for shares of the Fund or the amount that the Fund receives to invest on behalf of an investor. Investors may wish to take such payment arrangements into account when considering and evaluating any recommendations relating to Fund shares and should review carefully any disclosures provided by Financial Intermediaries as to their compensation.
The additional compensation received by a given Financial Intermediary from the Adviser and/or the Distributor may vary from the additional compensation received by the Financial Intermediary in respect of an Affiliated Investment Account managed by an affiliate of the Adviser or principally underwritten by an affiliate of the Distributor. In such circumstances, differences in the prospect of receiving, or the receipt of, additional compensation, as described above, by Financial Intermediaries may provide such Financial Intermediaries and their financial advisors and other salespersons with an incentive to favor sales of shares of one Affiliated Investment Account over other investment options with respect to which these Financial Intermediaries do not receive additional compensation (or receives lower levels of additional compensation).
Morgan Stanley Trading and Principal Investing Activities. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, Morgan Stanley will generally conduct its sales and trading businesses, publish research and analysis, and render investment advice without regard for a Fund’s holdings, although these activities could have an adverse impact on the value of one or more of the Fund’s investments, or could cause Morgan Stanley to have an interest in one or more portfolio investments that is different from and potentially adverse to that of a Fund. Furthermore, from time to time, the Adviser or its affiliates may invest “seed” capital in a Fund, typically to enable the Fund to commence investment operations and/or achieve sufficient scale, as further described below. The Adviser and its affiliates may hedge such seed capital exposure by investing in derivatives or other instruments expected to produce offsetting exposure. Such hedging transactions, if any, would occur outside of a Fund.
Morgan Stanley’s sales and trading, financing and principal investing businesses (whether or not specifically identified as such, and including Morgan Stanley’s trading and principal investing businesses) will not be required to offer any investment opportunities to a Fund. These businesses may encompass, among other things, principal trading activities as well as principal investing.
Morgan Stanley’s sales and trading, financing and principal investing businesses have acquired or invested in, and in the future may acquire or invest in, minority and/or majority control positions in equity or debt instruments of diverse public and/or private companies. Such activities may put Morgan Stanley in a position to exercise contractual, voting or creditor rights, or management or other control with respect to securities or loans of portfolio investments or other issuers, and in these instances Morgan Stanley may, in its discretion and subject to applicable law, act to protect its own interests or interests of clients, and not a Fund’s interests.
Subject to the limitations of applicable law, a Fund may purchase from or sell assets to, or make investments in, companies in which Morgan Stanley has or may acquire an interest, including as an owner, creditor or counterparty.
Morgan Stanley’s Investment Banking and Other Commercial Activities. Morgan Stanley advises clients on a variety of mergers, acquisitions, restructuring, bankruptcy and financing transactions. Morgan Stanley may act as an advisor to clients, including other investment funds that may compete with a Fund and with respect to investments that a Fund may hold. Morgan Stanley may give advice and take action with respect to any of its clients or proprietary accounts that may differ from the advice given, or may involve an action of a different timing or nature than the action taken, by a Fund. Morgan Stanley may give advice and provide recommendations to persons competing with a Fund and/or any of a Fund’s investments that are contrary to the Fund’s best interests and/or the best interests of any of its investments.
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Morgan Stanley could be engaged in financial advising, whether on the buy-side or sell-side, or in financing or lending assignments that could result in Morgan Stanley’s determining in its discretion or being required to act exclusively on behalf of one or more third parties, which could limit a Fund’s ability to transact with respect to one or more existing or potential investments. Morgan Stanley may have relationships with third-party funds, companies or investors who may have invested in or may look to invest in portfolio companies, and there could be conflicts between a Fund’s best interests, on the one hand, and the interests of a Morgan Stanley client or counterparty, on the other hand.
To the extent that Morgan Stanley advises companies in financial restructurings outside of, prior to or after filing for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or similar laws in other jurisdictions, the Adviser’s flexibility in making investments in such restructurings on a Fund’s behalf, or participating on steering committees and other committees in connection with existing investments, may be limited.
Morgan Stanley could provide investment banking services to competitors of portfolio companies, as well as to private equity and/or private credit funds; such activities may present Morgan Stanley with a conflict of interest vis-a-vis a Fund’s investment and may also result in a conflict in respect of the allocation of investment banking resources to portfolio companies.
To the extent permitted by applicable law, Morgan Stanley may provide a broad range of financial services to companies in which a Fund invests, including strategic and financial advisory services, interim acquisition financing and other lending and underwriting or placement of securities, and Morgan Stanley generally will be paid fees (that may include warrants or other securities) for such services. Morgan Stanley will not share any of the foregoing interest, fees and other compensation received by it (including, for the avoidance of doubt, amounts received by the Adviser) with a Fund, and any advisory fees payable will not be reduced thereby.
Morgan Stanley may be engaged to act as a financial advisor to a company in connection with the sale of such company, or subsidiaries or divisions thereof, may represent potential buyers of businesses through its mergers and acquisition activities and may provide lending and other related financing services in connection with such transactions. Morgan Stanley’s compensation for such activities is usually based upon realized consideration and is usually contingent, in substantial part, upon the closing of the transaction. Under these circumstances, a Fund may be precluded from participating in a transaction with or relating to the company being sold or participating in any financing activity related to merger or acquisition.
The involvement or presence of Morgan Stanley in the investment banking and other commercial activities described above (or the financial markets more broadly) may restrict or otherwise limit investment opportunities that may otherwise be available to the Fund. For example, issuers may hire and compensate Morgan Stanley to provide underwriting, financial advisory, placement agency, brokerage services or other services and, because of limitations imposed by applicable law and regulation, a Fund may be prohibited from buying or selling securities issued by those issuers or participating in related transactions or otherwise limited in its ability to engage in such investments.
In addition, in situations where the Adviser is required to aggregate its positions with those of other Morgan Stanley business units for position limit calculations, the Adviser may have to refrain from making investments due to the positions held by other Morgan Stanley business units or their clients. There may be other situations where the Adviser refrains from making an investment or refrains from taking certain actions related to the management of such investment due to, among other reasons, additional disclosure obligations, regulatory requirements, policies, and reputational risk, or the Adviser may limit purchases or sales of securities in respect of which Morgan Stanley is engaged in an underwriting or other distribution capacity.
Morgan Stanley’s Marketing Activities. Morgan Stanley is engaged in the business of underwriting, syndicating, brokering, administering, servicing, arranging and advising on the distribution of a wide variety of securities and other investments in which a Fund may invest. Subject to the restrictions of the 1940 Act, including Sections 10(f) and 17(e) thereof, a Fund may invest in transactions in which Morgan Stanley acts as underwriter, placement agent, syndicator, broker, administrative agent, servicer, advisor, arranger or structuring agent and receives fees or other compensation from the sponsors of such products or securities. Any fees earned by Morgan Stanley in such capacity will not be shared with the Adviser or the Fund. Certain conflicts of interest, in addition to the receipt of fees or other compensation, would be inherent in these transactions. Moreover, the interests of one of Morgan Stanley’s clients with respect to an issuer of securities in which a Fund has an investment may be adverse to the Adviser’s or a Fund’s best interests. In conducting the foregoing activities, Morgan Stanley will be acting for its other clients and will have no obligation to act in the Adviser’s or a Fund’s best interests. Due to the restrictions of the 1940 Act, a Fund may be restricted from participating in certain transactions in which Morgan Stanley acts as underwriter, placement agent, syndicator, broker, administrative agent, servicer, advisor, arranger or structuring agent, including transactions that would otherwise be beneficial to the Fund.
Client Relationships. Morgan Stanley has existing and potential relationships with a significant number of corporations, institutions and individuals. In providing services to its clients, Morgan Stanley may face conflicts of interest with respect to activities recommended to or performed for such clients, on the one hand, and a Fund, its shareholders or the entities in which the Fund invests, on the other hand. In addition, these client relationships may present conflicts of interest in determining whether to offer certain investment opportunities to a Fund. In acting as principal or in providing advisory and other services to its other clients, Morgan Stanley may engage in or recommend activities with respect to a particular matter that conflict with or are different from activities engaged in or recommended by the Adviser on a Fund’s behalf.
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Principal Investments. There may be situations in which a Fund’s interests may conflict with the interests of one or more general accounts of Morgan Stanley and its affiliates or accounts managed by Morgan Stanley or its affiliates. This may occur because these accounts hold public and private debt and equity securities of many issuers which may be or become portfolio companies, or from whom portfolio companies may be acquired.
Transactions with Portfolio Companies of Affiliated Investment Accounts. The companies in which a Fund may invest may be counterparties to or participants in agreements, transactions or other arrangements with portfolio companies or other entities of portfolio investments of Affiliated Investment Accounts (for example, a company in which a Fund invests may retain a company in which an Affiliated Investment Account invests to provide services or may acquire an asset from such company or vice versa). Certain of these agreements, transactions and arrangements involve fees, servicing payments, rebates and/or other benefits to Morgan Stanley or its affiliates. For example, portfolio entities may, including at the encouragement of Morgan Stanley, enter into agreements regarding group procurement and/or vendor discounts. Morgan Stanley and its affiliates may also participate in these agreements and may realize better pricing or discounts as a result of the participation of portfolio entities. To the extent permitted by applicable law, certain of these agreements may provide for commissions or similar payments and/or discounts or rebates to be paid to a portfolio entity of an Affiliated Investment Account, and such payments or discounts or rebates may also be made directly to Morgan Stanley or its affiliates. Under these arrangements, a particular portfolio company or other entity may benefit to a greater degree than the other participants, and the Morgan Stanley Funds, investment vehicles and accounts (which may or may not include a Fund) that own an interest in such entity will receive a greater relative benefit from the arrangements than the Morgan Stanley Funds, investment vehicles or accounts that do not own an interest therein. Fees and compensation received by portfolio companies of Affiliated Investment Accounts in relation to the foregoing will not be shared with a Fund or offset advisory fees payable.
Investments in Portfolio Investments of Other Funds. To the extent permitted by applicable law, when a Fund invests in certain companies or other entities, other funds affiliated with the Adviser may have made or may be making an investment in such companies or other entities. Other funds that have been or may be managed by the Adviser may invest in the companies or other entities in which a Fund has made an investment. Under such circumstances, a Fund and such other funds may have conflicts of interest (e.g., over the terms, exit strategies and related matters, including the exercise of remedies of their respective investments). If the interests held by a Fund are different from (or take priority over) those held by such other funds, the Adviser may be required to make a selection at the time of conflicts between the interests held by such other funds and the interests held by a Fund.
Investments in Morgan Stanley Funds and Other Funds. To the extent permitted by applicable law, a Fund may invest in a fund affiliated with the Adviser or its affiliates or a fund advised by the Adviser or its affiliates. In connection with any such investments, an investing Fund, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, will pay all advisory, administrative and/or Rule 12b-1 fees applicable to the investment. To the extent consistent with applicable law, certain Funds that invest in other funds managed by the Adviser or its affiliates may pay advisory fees to the Adviser or its affiliates that are not reduced by any fees payable by such other funds to the Adviser or its affiliates as manager of such other funds (i.e., there may be fees and expenses involved in making any such investment, which would not arise in connection with the direct allocation of assets by investors in the Funds to such other funds). In such circumstances, as well as in all other circumstances in which the Adviser receives any fees or other compensation in any form relating to the provision of services, no accounting or repayment to the Funds will be required.
The Affiliated Investment Accounts (including the Funds) may, individually or in the aggregate, own a substantial percentage of a Fund. Further, the Adviser, its affiliates, or another entity (i.e., a seed investor) may invest in the Funds at or near the establishment of such Funds, which may facilitate the Funds achieving a specified size or scale. The Adviser and/or its affiliates may make payments to an investor that contributes seed capital to a Fund. Such payments may continue for a specified period of time and/or until a specified dollar amount is reached, and will be made from the assets of the Adviser and/or such affiliates (and not the applicable Fund). Seed investors may contribute all or a majority of the assets in a Fund. There is a risk that such seed investors may redeem their investments in the Fund, particularly after payments from the Adviser and/or its affiliates have ceased. Such redemptions could negatively impact a Fund’s liquidity, expenses and market price of its shares, as applicable.
Allocation of Expenses. Expenses may be incurred that are attributable to a Fund and one or more other Affiliated Investment Accounts (including in connection with issuers in which a Fund and such other Affiliated Investment Accounts have overlapping investments). The allocation of such expenses among such entities raises potential conflicts of interest. The Adviser and its affiliates intend to allocate such common expenses among a Fund and any such other Affiliated Investment Accounts on a pro rata basis or in such other manner as the Adviser deems to be fair and equitable or in such other manner as may be required by applicable law.
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Temporary Investments. To more efficiently invest short-term cash balances held by a Fund, the Adviser may invest such balances on an overnight “sweep” basis in shares of one or more money market funds or other short-term vehicles. It is anticipated that the investment adviser to these money market funds or other short-term vehicles may be the Adviser (or an affiliate) to the extent permitted by applicable law, including Rule 12d1-1 under the 1940 Act. In such a case, the affiliated investment adviser may receive asset-based fees in respect of a Fund’s investment (which will reduce the net return realized by a Fund).
Transactions with Affiliates. The investment adviser and any investment sub-adviser might purchase securities from underwriters or placement agents in which a Morgan Stanley affiliate is a member of a syndicate or selling group, as a result of which an affiliate might benefit from the purchase through receipt of a fee or otherwise. Neither the investment adviser nor any investment sub-adviser will purchase securities on behalf of a Fund from an affiliate that is acting as a manager of a syndicate or selling group. Purchases by the investment adviser on behalf of a Fund from an affiliate acting as a placement agent must meet the requirements of applicable law. Furthermore, Morgan Stanley may face conflicts of interest when the Funds use service providers affiliated with Morgan Stanley because Morgan Stanley receives greater overall fees when they are used.
Affiliated Indexes. Affiliates of the Adviser develop, own and operate indexes (“Indexes”), and may continue to do so in the future, based on investment and trading strategies and concepts developed by the Adviser or its affiliates (“Adviser Strategies”). Some of the Funds seek to track the performance of the Indexes. The Adviser manages Accounts which track the same Indexes used by the Funds or which are based on the same, or substantially similar, Adviser Strategies that are used in the operation of the Indexes and the Funds. The operation of the Indexes, the Funds and the Accounts in this manner gives rise to potential conflicts of interest. For example, Accounts that track the same Indexes used by the Funds may engage in purchases and sales of securities prior to when the Index and the Funds engage in similar transactions because such Accounts may be managed and rebalanced on an ongoing basis, whereas the Funds’ portfolios are only rebalanced on a periodic or other basis subsequent to the rebalancing of the Index.
The Adviser has adopted policies and procedures that are designed to address potential conflicts that arise in connection with the operation of the Indexes, the Funds and the Accounts. The Adviser has established certain information barriers and other policies designed to address the sharing of information between different businesses within the Investment Adviser, including with respect to personnel responsible for constructing and maintaining the Indexes and those involved in decision-making for the Funds.
Valuation of the Funds’ Investments. The Adviser performs certain valuation services related to securities and other assets held by the Funds and performs such services in accordance with its valuation policies. The Adviser will face a conflict with respect to valuation of the Funds’ investments generally because of the effect of such valuations on the Adviser’s fees and other compensation and performance of the Funds.
Proxy Voting by the Adviser. The Adviser has implemented processes designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions that it makes on behalf of advisory clients, including the Funds, and to help ensure that such decisions are made in accordance with its fiduciary obligations to its clients. Notwithstanding such proxy voting processes, proxy voting decisions made by the Adviser in respect of securities held by the Funds may benefit the interests of Morgan Stanley and/or accounts other than the Funds. Further, the Adviser may make different proxy voting decisions in respect of the same security held by clients with different investment objectives or strategies. For a more detailed discussion of these policies and procedures, see Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C of this SAI.
Potential Conflict of Interest Related to Use of Sub-Adviser(s). To the extent the Adviser to a Fund engages affiliated and/or unaffiliated sub-advisers, the Adviser generally expects to compensate the sub-adviser out of the advisory fee it receives from the Fund, which creates an incentive for the Adviser to select sub-adviser(s) with lower fee rates or to select affiliated sub-adviser(s). In addition, a sub-adviser may have interests and relationships that create actual or potential conflicts of interest related to their management of Fund assets allocated to or managed by the sub-adviser. These conflicts may be similar to or different from the conflicts described herein related to Morgan Stanley and its investment advisory affiliates. For additional information about potential conflicts of interest for each sub- adviser(s) can be found in the relevant sub-adviser’s Form ADV. A copy of Part 1 and Part 2 of a sub-adviser’s Form ADV is available on the SEC’s website (www.adviserinfo.sec.gov).
Electronic Communication Networks and Alternative Trading Systems. The Adviser’s affiliate(s) have ownership interests in and/or board seats on electronic communication networks (“ECNs”) or other alternative trading systems (“ATSs”). In certain instances the Adviser’s affiliate(s) could be deemed to control one or more of such ECNs or ATSs based on the level of such ownership interests and whether such affiliates are represented on the board of such ECNs or ATSs. Consistent with its fiduciary obligation to seek best execution, the Adviser may, from time to time, directly or indirectly, effect client trades through ECNs or other ATSs in which the Firm’s affiliates have or could acquire an interest or board seat. These affiliates might receive an indirect economic benefit based upon their ownership in the ECNs or other ATSs. The Adviser will, directly or indirectly, execute through an ECN or other ATSs in which an affiliate has an interest only in situations where the Firm or the broker dealer through whom it is accessing the ECN or ATS reasonably believes such transaction will be in the best interest of its clients and the requirements of applicable law have been satisfied.
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General Process for Potential Conflicts. All of the transactions described above involve the potential for conflicts of interest between the Adviser, related persons of the Adviser and/or their clients. The Advisers Act, the 1940 Act and ERISA impose certain requirements designed to decrease the possibility of conflicts of interest between an investment adviser and its clients. In some cases, transactions may be permitted subject to fulfillment of certain conditions. Certain other transactions may be prohibited. In addition, the Adviser has instituted policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest from arising and, when they do arise, to ensure that it effects transactions for clients in a manner that is consistent with its fiduciary duty to its clients and in accordance with applicable law. The Adviser seeks to ensure that potential or actual conflicts of interest are appropriately resolved taking into consideration the overriding best interests of the client.
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
This SAI is part of a registration statement filed with the SEC. The Fund is permitted to “incorporate by reference” the information filed with the SEC, which means that the Fund can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this SAI, and later information that the Fund files with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information.
The documents listed below, and any reports and other documents subsequently filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 30(b)(2) under the 1940 Act and Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, prior to the termination of the offering will be incorporated by reference into this SAI and deemed to be part of this SAI from the date of the filing of such reports and documents.
• | The Fund’s Prospectus, dated April 29, 2025, filed with this SAI; |
• | The Fund’s annual report on Form N-CSR for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the SEC on February 27, 2025; and |
• | The description of the Fund’s Common Shares contained in its Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on May 18, 2005, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description prior to the termination of the offering registered hereby. |
The Fund will provide without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom this SAI is delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of any and all of the documents that have been or may be incorporated by reference in this SAI, the Prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement. You should direct requests for documents by calling (800) 262-1122.
The Fund makes available the Prospectus, SAI and the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports, free of charge, at http://www.eatonvance.com. You may also obtain this SAI, the Prospectus, other documents incorporated by reference and other information the Fund files electronically, including reports and proxy statements, on the SEC website (http://www.sec.gov) or with the payment of a duplication fee, by electronic request at [email protected]. Information contained in, or that can be accessed through, the Fund’s website is not part of this SAI, the Prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements and the report of the independent registered public accounting firm of the Fund for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 are incorporated herein by reference from the Fund’s most recent Annual Report to Common Shareholders filed with the SEC on February 27, 2025 (Accession No. 0001193125-25-038785) on Form N-CSR pursuant to Rule 30b2-1 under the 1940 Act.
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APPENDIX A
Adopted: June 16, 2003
Revised: May 8, 2013;
December 10, 2019;
October 12, 2021;
April 2025
Eaton Vance Funds
Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures
I. | Overview |
The Boards of Trustees (the “Board”) of the Eaton Vance Funds1 have adopted these written proxy voting policy and procedures (the “Policy”). For purposes of this Policy:
• | “Fund” means each registered investment company sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization; and |
• | “Adviser” means the investment adviser or sub-adviser responsible for the day-to-day management of all or a portion of the Fund’s assets. |
II. | Delegation of Proxy Voting Responsibilities |
The Board hereby delegates to the Adviser responsibility for voting the Fund’s proxies as described in this Policy. In this connection, the Adviser is required to provide the Board with a copy of its proxy voting policies and procedures (“Adviser Procedures”) and all Fund proxies will be voted in accordance with the Adviser Procedures. The Adviser Procedures shall comply with Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”) and be reasonably designed to ensure that the Adviser votes Fund securities in the best interest of the Fund and include how the Adviser addresses material conflicts that may arise between the interest of the Adviser and the interests of the Fund.
The Adviser is required to report any material change to the Adviser Procedures to the Board in the manner set forth in Section V below.
III. | Delegation of Proxy Voting Disclosure Responsibilities |
Pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 promulgated under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), the Fund is required to file Form N-PX no later than August 31st of each year. On Form N-PX, the Fund is required to disclose, among other things, information concerning proxies relating to the Fund’s portfolio investments, whether or not the Fund (or its Adviser) voted the proxies relating to securities held by the Fund and how it voted on the matter and whether it voted for or against management.
To facilitate the filing of Form N-PX for the Fund:
• | The Adviser is required to record, compile and transmit in a timely manner all data required to be filed on Form N-PX for the Fund that it manages. Such data shall be transmitted to Eaton Vance Management, which acts as administrator to the Fund (the “Administrator”) or the third-party service provider designated by the Administrator; and |
• | The Administrator is required to file Form N-PX on behalf of the Fund with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) as required by the 1940 Act. The Administrator may delegate the filing to a third-party service provider provided each such filing is reviewed and approved by the Administrator. |
IV. | Conflicts of Interest |
The Adviser, as a fiduciary to the Fund it manages, put the interests of the Fund and its shareholders above those of the Adviser. When required to vote a proxy for the Fund, the Adviser and in some instances Independent Trustees of the Funds, may have material business relationships with the issuer soliciting the proxy that could give rise to a potential material conflict of interest for the Adviser. Pursuant to Rule 206(4)-7 under the Advisers Act, the Adviser Procedures must include how the Adviser addresses material conflicts that may arise between the interest of the Adviser and the interests of the Fund.
1 | The Eaton Vance Funds may be organized as trusts or corporations. For ease of reference, the Funds may be referred to herein as Trusts and the Funds’ Board of Trustees or Board of Directors may be referred to collectively herein as the Board. |
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V. | Reports and Review |
The Administrator shall make copies of Form N-PX filed on behalf of the Fund available for the Board’s review upon the Board’s request. The Administrator (with input from the Adviser for the Fund) shall also provide any reports reasonably requested by the Board regarding the proxy voting records of the Fund.
The Adviser shall provide reports to the Board as requested by the Board, the Administrator, the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer or the Funds’ Chief Legal Officer, including material changes to the Adviser Procedures and material conflicts of interest. The Adviser Procedures, including procedures relating to material conflicts of interest, shall be provided to the Board at least annually.
The Adviser also shall report any material changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Fund’s Chief Legal Officer prior to implementing such changes in order to enable the Administrator to effectively coordinate the Fund’s disclosure relating to the Adviser Procedures. The Fund’s Chief Legal Officer shall ensure that the required disclosure relating to the Adviser Procedures is included in the Fund’s registration statement.
1 | The Eaton Vance Funds may be organized as trusts or corporations. For ease of reference, the Funds may be referred to herein as Trusts and the Funds’ Board of Trustees or Board of Directors may be referred to collectively herein as the Board. |
2 | An Adviser is expected to maintain a process for identifying a potential material conflict of interest. As an example only, such potential conflicts may arise when the issuer is a client of the Adviser and generates a significant amount of fees to the Adviser or the issuer is a distributor of the Adviser’s products. |
3 | If a material conflict of interest exists with respect to a particular proxy and the proxy voting procedures of the relevant Adviser require that proxies are to be voted in accordance with the recommendation of a third party proxy voting vendor, the requirements of this Section IV shall only apply if the Adviser intends to vote such proxy in a manner inconsistent with such third party recommendation. |
4 | Effective October 1, 2021, and to the extent that Morgan Stanley Investment Management Company is acting as sub-adviser to Eaton Vance Greater China Growth Fund, the requirements of this Section IV shall be waived, as approved by the Board of Trustees on October 12, 2021. |
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APPENDIX B
Morgan Stanley Investment Management (“MSIM”)
Equity Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures
April 2025
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Contents
Introduction
A. MSIM Approach to Proxy Voting
B. Applicability of Policy
Proxy Voting Procedures
A. Proprietary Proxy Voting System
B. Proxy Services Provided by Third Parties
C. Proxy Voting Operations
D. Proxy Voting Oversight
E. Securities Lending
F. Market and Operational Limitations
G. Conflicts of Interest
H. Proxy Voting Reporting & Recordkeeping
I. Review of Policy
MSIM Proxy Voting Guidelines
A. Board of Directors
B. Auditors
C. Executive & Director Compensation
D. Shareholder Rights and Defenses
E. Capital Structure
F. Corporate Transactions & Proxy Fights
G. Shareholder Proposals
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Introduction
This Proxy Voting Policy (“Policy”) sets out Morgan Stanley Investment Management’s (“MSIM”)1 approach to Proxy Voting, the procedures it follows with respect to Proxy Voting and the guidelines used to inform voting on key issues. The Policy is reviewed annually and updated as necessary to address new and evolving proxy voting issues and standards.
A. MSIM Approach to Proxy Voting
MSIM will vote proxies in a prudent and diligent manner and in the best interests of clients in accordance with its fiduciary duties, consistent with the objectives of the relevant investment strategy (“Client Proxy Standard”). MSIM will generally seek to vote proxies in accordance with the Proxy Voting Guidelines set out below.
MSIM has a decentralized approach towards investment management, consisting of independent investment teams. Investment teams seek to integrate this Policy with their investment goals and client expectations, using their vote to support sound corporate governance with the aim of enhancing long-term shareholder value, providing a high standard of transparency, and enhancing companies’ economic value. To that end, investment teams retain the overall vote decision. In some circumstances, MSIM may further define guidelines that sit under this Policy providing more details on company expectations and voting decisions applicable to certain strategies.
Under this Policy, proxy voting is led by our investment teams with support from the Global Stewardship Team (“GST”). The GST supports investment teams to vote in accordance with the Client Proxy Standard and comprises individuals who are separate from our investment teams. The GST is also responsible for the consistent application of this Policy and the Proxy Voting Guidelines and for providing voting recommendations to investment teams. The GST also oversees the proxy voting operational processes, vote execution and research.
As a result of MSIM’s independent investment team structure, a situation may emerge in which different investment teams have different views on how to vote the same proxy in the best interest of their respective clients. Under these circumstances, each investment team will vote according to their views.
B. Applicability of Policy
This Policy2 applies to proxy voting activities across MSIM. MSIM votes proxies on behalf of its sponsored funds and advisory clients that have granted it the authority to do so and will vote the proxies in accordance with this Policy unless otherwise agreed with the client.
Certain MSIM exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) will follow Calvert Research and Management’s (“Calvert”) Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures and the Global Proxy Voting Guidelines set forth in Appendix A of the Calvert Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures. MSIM’s oversight of Calvert’s proxy voting engagement is ongoing pursuant to the 40 Act Fund Service Provider and Vendor Oversight Policy.
1 | The MSIM entities covered by this Equity Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures (the “Policy”) currently include the following: Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP, Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc., Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited, Morgan Stanley Investment Management Company, Morgan Stanley Saudi Arabia, MSIM Fund Management (Ireland) Limited, Morgan Stanley Asia Limited, Morgan Stanley Investment Management (Japan) Co. Limited, Morgan Stanley Investment Management Private Limited, Morgan Stanley Eaton Vance CLO Manager LLC, Eaton Vance Management, Boston Management and Research, Eaton Vance Trust Company, Eaton Vance Management (International) Limited, Eaton Vance Advisers International Ltd, Morgan Stanley Eaton Vance CLO CM LLC and FundLogic SAS (each an “MSIM Affiliate” and collectively referred to as the “MSIM Affiliates” or as “we” below.) |
2 | This Policy does not apply to MSIM’s authority to exercise certain decision-making rights associated with investments in loans and other fixed-income instruments (collectively, “Fixed Income Instruments”). Instead, MSIM’s Policy for Exercising Consents Related to Fixed Income Instruments applies to MSIM’s exercise of discretionary authority or other investment management services, to the extent MSIM has been granted authority to exercise consents for an account with respect to any Fixed Income Instruments held therein. |
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Proxy Voting Procedures
MSIM follows the following procedures when voting proxies:
A. Proprietary Proxy Voting Platform
MSIM uses a proprietary management system, Provosys3, when voting proxies. Provosys streamlines our proxy voting process by providing a centralized platform for research, vote instruction and management of conflicts of interests. We believe that the internal management of this process provides us with enhanced quality control, as well as oversight and independence of the proxy administration process. Our proprietary system also handles workflow around proxy voting, documenting the views of various investment teams and the GST where relevant.
B. Proxy Services Provided by Third Parties
MSIM also retains the services of Institutional Shareholder Services (“ISS”) and Glass Lewis (collectively, the “Proxy Service Providers4”) for proxy vote execution, reporting, record-keeping, and where appropriate, to provide company-level reports that summarize key data elements within an issuer’s proxy statement or on specific thematic/market topics.
MSIM performs periodic due diligence on the Proxy Service Providers as part of ongoing oversight. Topics of the reviews include, but are not limited to, the Proxy Service Providers’ management of conflicts of interest, methodologies for developing their policies and vote recommendations, and resources.
C. Proxy Voting Operations
The GST5 is responsible for ensuring that voting instructions from investment teams and clients (where applicable) are communicated to our Proxy Service Provider responsible for proxy vote execution (currently, ISS serves in this capacity) and that adequate controls are in place to ensure instructions communicated electronically are accurately recorded in ISS systems for execution (including scenarios where votes have been split because of client preference or differing investment team convictions).
Additionally, the GST conducts monthly reviews of a vote audit report provided by ISS, confirming the execution status for meetings and conducts ex-post reviews to confirm that ISS has accurately implemented voting instructions.
D. Proxy Voting Oversight
The Proxy Review Committee (“PRC”) has overall responsibility for this Policy. The PRC consists of investment professionals who represent the different investment disciplines and/or geographic locations of MSIM and members of the GST. Additionally, the GST administers and implements the Policy through consultation with PRC members and MSIM investment teams, as well as monitors services provided by the Proxy Service Providers and any other research providers used in the proxy voting process.
E. Securities Lending
Accounts or funds sponsored, managed, or advised by MSIM may participate in a securities lending program through a third-party provider. The voting rights for shares that are out on loan are transferred to the borrower and therefore, the lender is not entitled to vote the lent shares at the company meeting.
However, in certain circumstances a portfolio manager may seek to recall shares for the purposes of voting. In this event, the handling of such recall requests would be on a reasonable efforts basis.
F. Market and Operational Limitations
Voting proxies of companies located in some jurisdictions may involve several issues that can restrict or prevent the ability to vote such proxies or entail significant costs. These issues include, but are not limited to: (i) proxy statements and ballots being written in a language other than English; (ii) untimely and/or inadequate notice of shareholder meetings; (iii) restrictions on the ability of holders outside the issuer’s jurisdiction of the listing organization to exercise votes; (iv) requirements to vote proxies in person; (v) the imposition of restrictions on the sale of the securities for a period of time in proximity to the shareholder meeting; and (vi) requirements to provide local agents with power of attorney to facilitate our voting instructions.
As a result, MSIM will use reasonable efforts to vote clients’ non-U.S. proxies, after weighing the costs and benefits of voting such proxies, consistent with the Client Proxy Standard.
3 | Not applicable for Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP |
4 | Not applicable for Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP |
5 | Not applicable for Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP |
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G. Conflicts of Interest
MSIM is part of Morgan Stanley, a global financial services group, and, as such, MSIM faces potential conflicts due to the role of other Morgan Stanley divisions which may have commercial relationships with companies in which MSIM may invest. Such potential conflicts of interest involving divisions of Morgan Stanley outside MSIM are managed through the operation of various policies and procedures, including (among others) those creating and enforcing information barriers between MSIM and other Morgan Stanley divisions.
MSIM has also enacted policies and procedures to address potential conflicts resulting from its own commercial or other relationships and to manage conflicts of interests so that proxies are voted in accordance with the Client Proxy Standard. The GST administers proxy voting Policy implementation and is responsible for providing investment teams with voting recommendations in accordance with this Policy and the Proxy Voting Guidelines. In the event of a material conflict of interest not addressed by such policies and procedures, the Head of GST will convene a special committee to oversee how a proxy should be voted in accordance with the Client Proxy Standard. Any determinations of the special committee regarding a material conflict of interest where appropriate will be reported to the Fund Board.
MSIM also faces potential conflicts of interest when voting proxies of its parent company Morgan Stanley. In such situations, MSIM will seek to vote its shares in the same proportion as other holders of Morgan Stanley’s shares (“echo vote”).
H. Proxy Voting Reporting & Recordkeeping
We will promptly provide a copy of this Policy to any client requesting it. We will also, upon client request, promptly provide a report indicating how each proxy was voted with respect to securities held in that client’s account. MSIM files an annual Form N-PX on behalf of each MSIM affiliate for which such filing is required, indicating how proxies were voted with respect to each MSIM affiliate fund’s or advisor’s holdings.
The GST will maintain requisite proxy voting books and records, including but not limited to: (1) proxy voting policies and procedures, (2) proxy statements received on behalf of client accounts, (3) proxies voted, (4) copies of any relevant research documents and (5) PRC and Special Committee decisions and actions. This documentation will be maintained for such period as required by relevant law and regulation.
MSIM also maintains rationales for its voting decisions at shareholder meetings (including votes against management) in a searchable database on an external website, which is updated on a rolling 12-month basis.
Records are retained in accordance with Morgan Stanley’s Global Information Management Policy, which establishes general Firm-wide standards and procedures regarding the retention, handling, and destruction of official books and records and other information of legal or operational significance.
The Global Information Management Policy incorporates Morgan Stanley’s Master Retention Schedule, which lists various record classes and associated retention periods on a global basis.
I. Review of Policy
The PRC through consultation with PRC members, and in conjunction with the Legal and Compliance Division, reviews this Policy annually to ensure that it remains consistent with clients’ best interests, regulatory requirements, investment team considerations, governance trends and industry best practices.
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MSIM Proxy Voting Guidelines
MSIM6 (also defined as “We” within this section) will vote proxies in a prudent and diligent manner and in the best interests of clients in accordance with its fiduciary duties, consistent with the Client Proxy Standard.
Our proxy voting principles are rooted in the tenets of accountability, transparency and protection of shareholder rights. Stock ownership represents an opportunity to participate in the economic rewards of a long-lived asset and shareholder rights represent an important path to maximizing these rewards. When reviewing proposals, MSIM considers the financial materiality, including the company’s exposure to the risk or opportunity, the management of such issues and company’s current disclosures.
MSIM therefore expect the companies in which it invests to adhere to effective governance practices and to protect their shareholders’ interests. In addition to these proxy voting guidelines, MSIM may review publicly disclosed information from the issuer, research, and other sources. Investment teams will independently make voting decisions as appropriate for their strategies.
A. Board of Directors
The board of directors plays a key role in overseeing management and ensuring effective execution of strategies to achieve long-term shareholder value creation. The board has several important responsibilities including, but not limited to, selecting the executive leadership, monitoring and incentivizing performance, succession planning, and overseeing company strategy. In order to effectively carry out its fiduciary duties, we believe it is crucial for the board to have the right mix of skills, be sufficiently independent, and have the proper accountability mechanisms in place.
Board Composition
The role of the board of directors is to provide governance oversight and guidance to position the company for strategic success and drive long term value creation for shareholders. We believe that diverse perspectives on the board help directors assess and manage risks and opportunities comprehensively. Diversity on a board can include diversity of thought, background, skills, and experiences. Directors with a mix of tenures can also be beneficial to balance new perspectives with industry experience and knowledge. We generally expect the board to be composed of directors with adequate skill sets and diversity to provide oversight of the business, and in line with any local market regulations. Additionally, we expect the audit committee to have directors with appropriate financial expertise to serve on the committee.
Board Independence
We generally expect boards to adhere at a minimum to their prevalent market or regulatory standards on board independence. In most markets, a majority independent board is considered best practice. When assessing independence of directors, we may consider relevant circumstances and relationships with the company and related parties such as senior management or large shareholders.
In our experience, the right leadership structure is critical to a strong board. When voting on matters related to board leadership, we may consider company performance and any evidence of entrenchment or perceived risk indicating power may be overly concentrated in a single individual. We also generally expect key board committees to be comprised of independent board members.
Board Accountability
Director elections are the primary mechanism for shareholders to hold board members accountable. Therefore, we generally expect directors to be elected annually to serve on the board by majority vote. We generally expect directors who fail to receive majority shareholder support should resign from their position unless there is sufficient disclosure concerning the reasons why they failed to get support from a majority of the shareholders.
Boards should take into consideration the views of their long-term shareholders to ensure alignment, and to make appropriate efforts to communicate their plans and views broadly. To that end, we generally expect the board to engage meaningfully with long-term shareholders, especially to address concerns on matters that may affect the long-term value creation of the company.
6 | The MSIM entities covered by this Equity Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures (the “Policy”) currently include the following: Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP, Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc., Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited, Morgan Stanley Investment Management Company, Morgan Stanley Saudi Arabia, MSIM Fund Management (Ireland) Limited, Morgan Stanley Asia Limited, Morgan Stanley Investment Management (Japan) Co. Limited, Morgan Stanley Investment Management Private Limited, Morgan Stanley Eaton Vance CLO Manager LLC, Eaton Vance Management, Boston Research Management, Eaton Vance Trust Company, Eaton Vance Management (International) Limited, Eaton Vance Advisers International Ltd, Morgan Stanley Eaton Vance CLO CM LLC and FundLogic SAS (each an “MSIM Affiliate” and collectively referred to as the “MSIM Affiliates” or as “we” below) |
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We may consider withholding support for directors where we have significant concerns due to inadequate risk oversight of potentially financially material issues7. We may consider withholding support for Audit Committee members for failure to address accounting irregularities or financial misstatements over consecutive years.
Directors should dedicate adequate time to their role and consider any other existing commitments alongside their board and/or committee memberships. We may look at meeting attendance to determine whether directors have adequate time for their responsibilities.
B. Auditors
Investors rely on auditors to attest to the integrity of a company’s financial statements, without which the business could not be properly evaluated. It is essential that auditors be independent, accurate, fair in the fees charged, and not subject to conflicts of interest. We therefore expect auditors to be independent in order to provide an objective opinion and assurance. We may consider non-audit related business, length of service and any other relevant context when assessing auditor independence. We generally expect non-audit related fees to be less than 50% of the total fee.
C. Executive & Director Compensation
Properly structured compensation is essential to attracting and retaining effective corporate management. Poorly structured compensation plans can create perverse incentives. We expect compensations plans to be reasonable, and appropriately incentivize executives to make risk-reward decisions that align with the business strategy and goals, and long-term shareholder value creation. Compensation plans should also build in retention mechanisms for high performing executives. We generally expect compensation plan payouts to align with performance and long-term value creation.
We expect director compensation to follow market best practice and be aligned with long-term shareholder interests. For executives and directors who gain shares through equity compensation plans, we generally expect reasonable guidelines and holding requirements. Typically, stock options issued to executives should be priced at fair market value on the date of the grant and any re-pricing should not incur a significant cost to shareholders.
We generally expect employee ownership, retirement and severance plans to be designed in a manner that does not disadvantage shareholders. These plans should not be excessively dilutive or incur a high cost. We generally expect discounted employee stock purchase plans to be broad-based and include non-executive employees. Discount rates should be in line with market best practice and not excessive.
For compensation plans with performance metrics, in instances where performance milestones are not met, we may expect reasonable claw back provisions for executive or director compensation related to these missed milestones depending on the circumstances.
We generally evaluate each compensation plan and any related proposals, including shareholder proposals, within the context of the market and the company. In order to make a suitable evaluation about compensation and related matters, we expect appropriate disclosures on relevant aspects.
D. Shareholder Rights and Defenses
Companies should take actions and make decisions with the intent of maximizing long-term shareholder value creation. We generally support proposals that enhance shareholder rights and vote against those that seek to undermine them. We believe that in most cases, each common share should have one vote, and that a simple majority of voting shares should be what is required to effect change.
Shareholder Rights Plans
Shareholder rights plans, commonly known as poison pills, and similar take-over defenses should aim to promote long-term shareholder value creation. When designing plans and defenses, companies should ensure that they do not suppress potential value by unduly discouraging acquirers. We generally expect companies to seek shareholder approval or ratification of shareholder rights plans.
7 | For example, we may withhold support for a director we believe is responsible for a company’s involvement/remediation of breach of global conventions such as UN Global Compact Principles on Human Rights, Labor Standards, Environment and Business Malpractice. |
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Unequal Voting Rights
We generally expect companies to adhere to the one share one vote principle. When companies have dual-class structures, they should ensure that such structures are not misused to support instances where a few insiders may benefit at the cost of other shareholders. Ultimately, structures should strive to create alignment between the shareholders’ economic interests and their voting power.
Voting Requirements
We typically prefer a majority vote standard for binding votes. We also expect management to be responsive to non-binding votes that have received majority support. We generally expect companies to protect minority shareholder rights as their primary goal when considering supermajority vote requirements.
Right to call Special Meetings
We generally expect companies to allow large shareholders to call special meetings. A large shareholder may be defined by a reasonable threshold or in line with prevalent market practices.
Proxy Access
We generally consider ownership thresholds, holding periods, the number of directors that shareholders may nominate and any restrictions on forming a group in our evaluation of proposals related to proxy access.
E. Capital Structure
We expect any changes to the capital structure to be driven by legitimate business needs and not as a means of anti-takeover defense. We generally expect companies to ensure that such changes do not disadvantage shareholders.
Companies should provide a clear business rationale when requesting the authorization, or increase in authorization, of new shares or new share classes. They ought to request a reasonable number of shares in relation to the purpose outlined. Companies should follow prevalent market practices, such as offering pre-emptive rights, to ensure shareholders are not excessively diluted, unless required by specific circumstances which are clearly stated.
We generally consider specific company and market context when we evaluate proposals on dividend payout ratios and related matters.
F. Corporate Transactions & Proxy Fights
We expect companies to provide a clear economic and strategic rationale for proposed transactions. We also expect disclosure of any financial benefits to the board or executives from any proposed transaction and will generally look for assurances that shareholder interests were prioritized. We generally assess company-specific circumstances when evaluating voting matters related to mergers, acquisitions, other special corporate transactions, and contested elections.
G. Shareholder Proposals
In assessing shareholder proposals, we will carefully consider the potential financial materiality (as appropriate to the investment strategy of MSIM’s investment teams and relevant advisory affiliates) of the issues raised in the proposal, as well as the company’s exposure to relevant risks and opportunities, current disclosures on the topic, and the sector and geography in which the company operates. We generally seek to balance concerns of reputational, operational, litigation and other risks that lie behind the proposal against costs of implementation.
We generally support proposals that seek to enhance useful disclosure on potentially financially material issues (as appropriate to the investment strategy of MSIM’s investment teams and relevant advisory affiliates), including but not limited to climate, biodiversity, human rights, supply chain, workplace safety, human capital management and pay equity. We focus on understanding the company’s business and commercial context and recognize that there is no one size fits all that can be applied across the board.
We generally do not support shareholder proposals on matters best left to the board’s discretion, or addressed via legislation or regulation, or that would be considered unduly burdensome. We also generally do not support shareholder proposals related to matters that we do not consider to be financially material (as appropriate to the investment strategy of MSIM’s investment teams and relevant advisory affiliates) for the company.
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 54 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Appendix
Policy Statement
The Policy, with respect to securities held in the accounts of clients applies to those MSIM entities that provide discretionary investment management services and for which an MSIM entity has authority to vote proxies. For purposes of this Policy, clients shall include: Morgan Stanley U.S. registered investment companies, other Morgan Stanley pooled investment vehicles, and MSIM separately managed accounts (including accounts for Employee Retirement Income Security (“ERISA”) clients and ERISA-equivalent clients). This Policy is reviewed and updated as necessary to address new and evolving proxy voting issues and standards.
The MSIM entities covered by this Policy currently include the following: Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP, Morgan Stanley Investment Management Inc., Morgan Stanley Investment Management Limited, Morgan Stanley Investment Management Company, Morgan Stanley Saudi Arabia, MSIM Fund Management (Ireland) Limited, Morgan Stanley Asia Limited, Morgan Stanley Investment Management (Japan) Co. Limited, Morgan Stanley Investment Management Private Limited, Morgan Stanley Eaton Vance CLO Manager LLC, and Morgan Stanley Eaton Vance CLO CM LLC (each an “MSIM Affiliate” and collectively referred to as the “MSIM Affiliates” or as “we” below).
Each MSIM Affiliate will use its best efforts to vote proxies as part of its authority to manage, acquire and dispose of account assets.
• | With respect to the U.S. registered investment companies sponsored, managed or advised by any MSIM Affiliate (the “MS Funds”), each MSIM Affiliate will vote proxies under this Policy pursuant to authority granted under its applicable investment advisory agreement or, in the absence of such authority, as authorized by the Board of Directors/Trustees of the MS Funds. |
• | For other pooled investment vehicles (e.g., UCITS), each MSIM Affiliate will vote proxies under this Policy pursuant to authority granted under its applicable investment advisory agreement or, in the absence of such authority, as authorized by the relevant governing board. |
• | For separately managed accounts (including ERISA and ERISA-equivalent clients), each MSIM Affiliate will vote proxies under this Policy pursuant to authority granted under the applicable investment advisory agreement or investment management agreement. Where an MSIM Affiliate has the authority to vote proxies on behalf of ERISA and ERISA-equivalent clients, the MSIM Affiliate must do so in accordance with its fiduciary duties under ERISA (and the Internal Revenue Code). |
• | In certain situations, a client or its fiduciary may reserve the authority to vote proxies for itself or an outside party or may provide an MSIM Affiliate with a statement of proxy voting policy. The MSIM Affiliate will comply with the client’s policy. |
• | Certain ETFs will follow Calvert’s Global Proxy Voting Guidelines set forth in Appendix A of Calvert’s Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures and the proxy voting guidelines discussed below do not apply to such ETFs. See Appendix A of Calvert’s Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures for a general discussion of the proxy voting guidelines to which these ETFs will be subject. |
An MSIM Affiliate will not vote proxies unless the investment management agreement, investment advisory agreement or other authority explicitly authorizes the MSIM Affiliate to vote proxies.
In addition to voting proxies of portfolio companies, MSIM routinely engages with, or, in some cases, may engage a third party to engage with, the management or board of companies in which we invest on a range of environmental, social and governance issues. Governance is a window into or proxy for management and board quality. MSIM engages with companies where we have larger positions, voting issues are material or where we believe we can make a positive impact on the governance structure. MSIM’s engagement process, through private communication with companies, allows us to understand the governance structures at investee companies and better inform our voting decisions. In certain situations, a client or its fiduciary may provide an MSIM Affiliate with a proxy voting policy. In these situations, the MSIM Affiliate will comply with the client’s policy.
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Appendix A
Appendix A applies to the following accounts managed by Morgan Stanley AIP GP LP (i) closed-end funds registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended; (ii) discretionary separate accounts; (iii) unregistered funds; and (iv) non-discretionary accounts offered in connection with AIP’s Custom Advisory Portfolio Solutions service. Generally, AIP will follow the guidelines set forth in Section II of MSIM’s Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures. To the extent that such guidelines do not provide specific direction, or AIP determines that consistent with the Client Proxy Standard, the guidelines should not be followed, the Proxy Review Committee has delegated the voting authority to vote securities held by accounts managed by AIP to the Fund of Hedge Funds investment team, the Private Markets investment team or the Portfolio Solutions team of AIP. A summary of decisions made by the applicable investment teams will be made available to the Proxy Review Committee for its information at the next scheduled meeting of the Proxy Review Committee.
In certain cases, AIP may determine to abstain from determining (or recommending) how a proxy should be voted (and therefore abstain from voting such proxy or recommending how such proxy should be voted), such as where the expected cost of giving due consideration to the proxy does not justify the potential benefits to the affected account(s) that might result from adopting or rejecting (as the case may be) the measure in question.
Waiver of Voting Rights
For regulatory reasons, AIP may either 1) invest in a class of securities of an underlying fund (the “Fund”) that does not provide for voting rights; or 2) waive 100% of its voting rights with respect to the following:
1. | Any rights with respect to the removal or replacement of a director, general partner, managing member or other person acting in a similar capacity for or on behalf of the Fund (each individually a “Designated Person,” and collectively, the “Designated Persons”), which may include, but are not limited to, voting on the election or removal of a Designated Person in the event of such Designated Person’s death, disability, insolvency, bankruptcy, incapacity, or other event requiring a vote of interest holders of the Fund to remove or replace a Designated Person; and |
2. | Any rights in connection with a determination to renew, dissolve, liquidate, or otherwise terminate or continue the Fund, which may include, but are not limited to, voting on the renewal, dissolution, liquidation, termination or continuance of the Fund upon the occurrence of an event described in the Fund’s organizational documents; provided, however, that, if the Fund’s organizational documents require the consent of the Fund’s general partner or manager, as the case may be, for any such termination or continuation of the Fund to be effective, then AIP may exercise its voting rights with respect to such matter. |
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APPENDIX C
Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC
Equity Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures
February 2025
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Contents
Introduction | 59 | |||
A. | PPA Approach to Proxy Voting | 59 | ||
B. | Applicability of Policy | 59 | ||
Proxy Voting Procedures | 59 | |||
A. | Proxy Services Provided by Third Parties | 59 | ||
B. | Proxy Voting Operations | 59 | ||
C. | Proxy Voting Oversight | 61 | ||
D. | Securities Lending | 61 | ||
E. | Market and Operational Limitations | 61 | ||
F. | Conflicts of Interest | 61 | ||
G. | Proxy Voting Reporting & Recordkeeping | 62 | ||
H. | Review of Policy | 62 | ||
Proxy Voting Guidelines | 63 | |||
A. | Board of Directors | 63 | ||
B. | Auditors | 64 | ||
C. | Executive & Director Compensation | 64 | ||
D. | Shareholder Rights and Defenses | 65 | ||
E. | Capital Structure | 66 | ||
F. | Corporate Transactions & Proxy Fights | 66 | ||
G. | Shareholder Proposals | 66 |
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Introduction
This Proxy Voting Policy sets out the Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC (“PPA”) approach to proxy voting, the procedures it follows with respect to Proxy Voting and the guidelines used to inform voting on key issues. The policy is reviewed annually and updated as necessary to address new and evolving proxy voting issues and standards.
A. | PPA Approach to Proxy Voting |
PPA will vote proxies in a prudent and diligent manner and in the best interests of clients, in accordance with its fiduciary duties, consistent with the objectives of the relevant investment strategy (“Client Proxy Standard”).
The Proxy Voting Coordinators are members of the Investment Strategy department and are responsible for ensuring shareholder meetings are voted in the best interest of the client and consistently apply this Policy. The Proxy Voting Coordinators oversee the proxy voting Policy implementation, operational processes, vote execution and research, and are involved in the Proxy Committee.
B. | Applicability of Policy |
PPA votes proxies on behalf of the clients that have granted it the authority to do so and will vote the proxies in accordance with this Policy unless otherwise agreed with the client.
Proxy Voting Procedures
A. | Proxy Services Provided by Third Parties |
PPA retains the services of Institutional Shareholder Services (“ISS”) for proxy vote execution, reporting, record-keeping, and where appropriate, to provide company-level reports that summarize key data elements within an issuer’s proxy statement or on specific thematic/market topics.
As part of our ongoing oversight of the proxy service providers, PPA performs periodic due diligence on ISS. Topics of the reviews include, but are not limited to, ISS’ management of conflicts of interest, methodologies for developing their policies and vote recommendations, and resources.
B. | Proxy Voting Operations |
The Client Relations Group (“CRG”) is responsible for account setup, which includes proxy voting instructions. CRG records account-level proxy voting authority in Parametric’s internal systems, reconciles this against information provided by the custodian for the account, and communicates any discrepancies to the advisor or consultant.
The Proxy Voting Coordinators (the “Coordinators”) are members of the Investment Strategy department who are responsible for ensuring proxy ballots are voted in accordance with the Guidelines for all accounts where Parametric has been delegated voting authority. The Coordinators are also responsible for reporting on voting activity and policy, preparing materials for the Committee, maintaining proxy voting records, and other tasks related to administering votes.
The Director of Responsible Investing (the “Director”), or their delegate, is responsible for reviewing and recommending changes to the Guidelines and the Proxy Voting policy, and providing guidance on any votes that fall outside the Guidelines.
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The Committee is responsible for monitoring Parametric’s proxy voting practices and evaluating proxy advisors engaged to vote proxies on behalf of clients. The Committee is responsible for setting and annually reviewing the firm’s Policies and Procedures and the Guidelines.
The Compliance Department is responsible for annually reviewing these policies and procedures to verify that they are adequate, appropriate and effective.
Procedures
Parametric has adopted and implemented procedures to ensure the firm’s proxy voting policies are observed, executed properly and amended or updated, as appropriate. The procedures are summarized as follows:
Account Setup
• | Parametric is generally delegated the responsibility to vote proxies on behalf of clients. This responsibility is typically established in the investment advisory agreement between the client and Parametric. If not set forth in the advisory agreement, Parametric will assume the responsibility to vote proxies on the client’s behalf unless it has received written instruction from the client not to. |
• | Parametric views the custodian proxy voting setup as the book of record and will update its own internal systems to reflect this, even if it conflicts with the investment advisory agreement, once the advisor has been informed of the proxy voting authority discrepancy. |
Proxy Voting Administration
• | The Coordinators are responsible for ensuring proxies are voted in accordance with the Guidelines. This includes ongoing management of Parametric’s voting environment and reviews of upcoming proxy meetings. |
• | The Director, or their delegate, will review research and guidance issued by third party proxy voting analysts regarding proxy voting issues relevant to Parametric’s clients and monitor upcoming shareholder meetings and votes. The Director will provide guidance to the Coordinators with regard to the Guidelines and how they apply to proxy ballots. The Director will ensure that rationale for votes cast is properly documented and reviewed by other Committee members, as warranted. |
• | In the unlikely event that a ballot proposal is not addressed by the Guidelines, the Coordinators will consult with the Director to confirm that the Guidelines do not address the proxy issue. If confirmed, the Director may escalate the issue to the Committee for their consideration. The Committee can review research and guidance issued by third party proxy adviser when making a vote determination. A vote determination must be approved in writing by not less than two Committee members. The rationale for making the determination will be documented. |
• | Parametric may not vote one or more proxy ballots on behalf of a client account if the economic effect on shareholders’ interests or the value of the holding is indeterminable or insignificant (e.g., the security is no longer held in the client portfolio) or if the cost of voting the proxy outweighs the potential benefit (e.g., international proxies which shareblocking practices may impose trading restrictions or voting requires filing a Power of Attorney). |
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• | The Coordinators also conduct periodic reviews for all active accounts of proxies that are not voted or that are voted inconsistent with the Guidelines. Ballots voted differently than the Guidelines, and the rationale for why, are documented by the Coordinators. |
C. | Proxy Voting Oversight |
The Proxy Voting Committee has overall responsibility for this Policy. Parametric has established a Committee which shall meet on a quarterly basis to oversee and monitor the firm’s proxy voting practices. Members of the Committee consist of investment team and compliance representation.
On an annual basis, the Committee will approve the firm’s Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures and Proxy Voting Guidelines to ensure they are current, appropriate and designed to serve the best interests of clients and fund shareholders.
D. | Securities Lending |
Accounts managed or advised by PPA may participate in a securities lending program through a third-party provider. The voting rights for shares that are out on loan are transferred to the borrower and therefore, the lender is not entitled to vote the lent shares at the company meeting.
E. | Market and Operational Limitations for Non-U.S. Companies |
Voting proxies of companies located in some jurisdictions may involve several problems that can restrict or prevent the ability to vote such proxies or entail significant costs. These problems include, but are not limited to: (i) proxy statements and ballots being written in a language other than English; (ii) untimely and/or inadequate notice of shareholder meetings; (iii) restrictions on the ability of holders outside the issuer’s jurisdiction of the listing organization to exercise votes; (iv) requirements to vote proxies in person; (v) the imposition of restrictions on the sale of the securities for a period of time in proximity to the shareholder meeting; and (vi) requirements to provide local agents with power of attorney to facilitate our voting instructions.
As a result, PPA uses reasonable efforts to vote clients’ non-U.S. proxies, after weighing the costs and benefits of voting such proxies, consistent with the Client Proxy Standard.
F. | Conflicts of Interest |
PPA is part of Morgan Stanley Investment Management, which is part of Morgan Stanley, a global financial services group, and, as such, PPA faces potential conflicts due to the role of other Morgan Stanley divisions which may have commercial relationships with companies in which PPA may invest. Such potential conflicts of interest involving divisions of Morgan Stanley outside MSIM are managed through the operation of policies and procedures creating and enforcing information barriers between Morgan Stanley and MSIM.
PPA has also enacted policies and procedures to address potential conflicts resulting from its own commercial or other relationships and to manage conflicts of interests so that proxies are voted in accordance with the Client Proxy Standard. Proxy voting is overseen by the Proxy Voting Committee which does not include individuals whose primary duties relate to client relations, sales, or marketing.
Where proxies are voted in accordance with this Policy, no material conflict of interest will be deemed to exist. In situations where a proxy proposal is not addressed by this Policy, Parametric may convene a special committee to determine how the proxy should be voted in accordance with the Client Proxy Standard. Any determinations of the special committee regarding a material conflict of interest where appropriate will be reported to the Fund Board.
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PPA also faces potential conflicts of interest when voting proxies of its parent company Morgan Stanley. In such situations, PPA will seek to vote its shares in the same proportion as other holders of Morgan Stanley’s shares (“echo vote”).
G. | Proxy Voting Reporting & Recordkeeping |
We will promptly provide a copy of this Policy to any client requesting it. We will also, upon client request, promptly provide a report indicating how each proxy was voted with respect to securities held in that client’s account.
The Proxy Coordinators will maintain requisite proxy voting books and records, including but not limited to: (1) proxy voting policies and procedures, (2) proxy statements received on behalf of client accounts, (3) proxies voted, (4) copies of any relevant research documents and (5) Proxy Committee and Special Committee decisions and actions. This documentation will be maintained for such period as required by relevant law and regulation.
PPA also maintains rationales for its voting decisions at shareholder meetings including votes against management in a searchable database on an external website which is updated on a rolling 12-month basis.
Records are retained in accordance with Parametric’s Books & Records Policy, which establishes general firm-wide standards and procedures regarding the retention, handling, and destruction of official books and records and other information of legal or operational significance.
The Parametric Books & Records Policy incorporates Morgan Stanley’s Master Retention Schedule, which lists various record classes and associated retention periods on a global basis.
H. | Review of Policy |
The Proxy Voting Committee reviews this Policy annually to ensure that it remains consistent with clients’ best interests, regulatory requirements, governance trends and industry best practices.
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PPA Proxy Voting Guidelines
Our proxy voting principles are rooted in the tenets of accountability, transparency and protection of shareholder rights. Stock ownership represents an opportunity to participate in the economic rewards of a long-lived asset and shareholder rights represent an important path to maximizing these rewards. When reviewing proposals, PPA considers the financial materiality, including the company’s exposure to the risk or opportunity, the management of such issues and company’s current disclosures.
Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC (also defined as “We” within this section) therefore expects the companies in which it invests to adhere to effective governance practices and to protect their shareholders’ interests. In addition to these proxy voting guidelines, PPA may review publicly disclosed information from the issuer, research, and other sources. Investment teams will independently make voting decisions as appropriate for their strategies.
A. | Board of Directors |
The board of directors plays a key role in overseeing management and ensuring effective execution of strategies to achieve long-term shareholder value creation. The board has several important responsibilities including, but not limited to, selecting the executive leadership, monitoring and incentivizing performance, succession planning, and overseeing company strategy. In order to effectively carry out its fiduciary duties, we believe it is crucial for the board to have the right mix of skills, be sufficiently independent, and have the proper accountability mechanisms in place.
Board Composition
The role of the board of directors is to provide governance oversight and guidance to position the company for strategic success and drive long term value creation for shareholders. We believe that diverse perspectives on the board help directors assess and manage risks and opportunities comprehensively. Diversity on a board can include diversity of thought, background, skills, and experiences. Directors with a mix of tenures can also be beneficial to balance new perspectives with industry experience and knowledge. We generally expect the board to be composed of directors with adequate skill sets and diversity to provide oversight of the business, and in line with any local market regulations. Additionally, we expect the audit committee to have directors with appropriate financial expertise to serve on the committee.
Board Independence
We generally expect boards to adhere at a minimum to their prevalent market or regulatory standards on board independence. In most markets, a majority independent board is considered best practice. When assessing independence of directors, we may consider relevant circumstances and relationships with the company and related parties such as senior management or large shareholders.
In our experience, the right leadership structure is critical to a strong board. When voting on matters related to board leadership, we may consider company performance and any evidence of entrenchment or perceived risk indicating power may be overly concentrated in a single individual. We also generally expect key board committees to be comprised of independent board members.
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 63 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Board Accountability
Director elections are the primary mechanism for shareholders to hold board members accountable. Therefore, we generally expect directors to be elected annually to serve on the board by majority vote. We generally expect directors who fail to receive majority shareholder support should resign from their position unless there is sufficient disclosure concerning the reasons why they failed to get support from a majority of the shareholders.
Boards should take into consideration the views of their long-term shareholders to ensure alignment, and to make appropriate efforts to communicate their plans and views broadly. To that end, we generally expect the board to engage meaningfully with long-term shareholders, especially to address concerns on matters that may affect the long-term value creation of the company.
We may consider withholding support for directors where we have significant concerns due to inadequate risk oversight of potentially financially material issues1. We may consider withholding support for Audit Committee members for failure to address accounting irregularities or financial misstatements over consecutive years.
Directors should dedicate adequate time to their role and consider any other existing commitments alongside their board and/or committee memberships. We may look at meeting attendance to determine whether directors have adequate time for their responsibilities.
B. | Auditors |
Investors rely on auditors to attest to the integrity of a company’s financial statements, without which the business could not be properly evaluated. It is essential that auditors be independent, accurate, fair in the fees charged, and not subject to conflicts of interest. We therefore expect auditors to be independent in order to provide an objective opinion and assurance. We may consider non-audit related business, length of service and any other relevant context when assessing auditor independence. We generally expect non-audit related fees to be less than 50% of the total fee.
C. | Executive & Director Compensation |
Properly structured compensation is essential to attracting and retaining effective corporate management. Poorly structured compensation plans can create perverse incentives. We expect compensations plans to be reasonable, and appropriately incentivize executives to make risk-reward decisions that align with the business strategy and goals, and long-term shareholder value creation. Compensation plans should also build in retention mechanisms for high performing executives. We generally expect compensation plan payouts to align with performance and long-term value creation.
We expect director compensation to follow market best practice and be aligned with long-term shareholder interests. For executives and directors who gain shares through equity compensation plans, we generally expect reasonable guidelines and holding requirements. Typically, stock options issued to executives should be priced at fair market value on the date of the grant and any re-pricing should not incur a significant cost to shareholders.
1 | For example, we may withhold support for a director we believe is responsible for a company’s involvement/remediation of breach of global conventions such as UN Global Compact Principles on Human Rights, Labor Standards, Environment and Business Malpractice. |
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We generally expect employee ownership, retirement and severance plans to be designed in a manner that does not disadvantage shareholders. These plans should not be excessively dilutive or incur a high cost. We generally expect discounted employee stock purchase plans to be broad-based and include non-executive employees. Discount rates should be in line with market best practice and not excessive.
For compensation plans with performance metrics, in instances where performance milestones are not met, we may expect reasonable claw back provisions for executive or director compensation related to these missed milestones depending on the circumstances.
We generally evaluate each compensation plan and any related proposals, including shareholder proposals, within the context of the market and the company. In order to make a suitable evaluation about compensation and related matters, we expect appropriate disclosures on relevant aspects.
D. | Shareholder Rights and Defenses |
Companies should take actions and make decisions with the intent of maximizing long-term shareholder value creation. We generally support proposals that enhance shareholder rights and vote against those that seek to undermine them. We believe that in most cases, each common share should have one vote, and that a simple majority of voting shares should be what is required to effect change.
Shareholder Rights Plans
Shareholder rights plans, commonly known as poison pills, and similar take-over defenses should aim to promote long-term shareholder value creation. When designing plans and defenses, companies should ensure that they do not suppress potential value by unduly discouraging acquirers. We generally expect companies to seek shareholder approval or ratification of shareholder rights plans.
Unequal Voting Rights
We generally expect companies to adhere to the one share one vote principle. When companies have dual-class structures, they should ensure that such structures are not misused to support instances where a few insiders may benefit at the cost of other shareholders. Ultimately, structures should strive to create alignment between the shareholders’ economic interests and their voting power.
Voting Requirements
We typically prefer a majority vote standard for binding votes. We also expect management to be responsive to non-binding votes that have received majority support. We generally expect companies to protect minority shareholder rights as their primary goal when considering supermajority vote requirements.
Right to call Special Meetings
We generally expect companies to allow large shareholders to call special meetings. A large shareholder may be defined by a reasonable threshold or in line with prevalent market practices.
Proxy Access
We generally consider ownership thresholds, holding periods, the number of directors that shareholders may nominate and any restrictions on forming a group in our evaluation of proposals related to proxy access.
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E. | Capital Structure |
We expect any changes to the capital structure to be driven by legitimate business needs and not as a means of anti-takeover defense. We generally expect companies to ensure that such changes do not disadvantage shareholders.
Companies should provide a clear business rationale when requesting the authorization, or increase in authorization, of new shares or new share classes. They ought to request a reasonable number of shares in relation to the purpose outlined. Companies should follow prevalent market practices, such as offering pre-emptive rights, to ensure shareholders are not excessively diluted, unless required by specific circumstances which are clearly stated.
We generally consider specific company and market context when we evaluate proposals on dividend payout ratios and related matters.
F. | Corporate Transactions & Proxy Fights |
We expect companies to provide a clear economic and strategic rationale for proposed transactions. We also expect disclosure of any financial benefits to the board or executives from any proposed transaction and will generally look for assurances that shareholder interests were prioritized. We generally assess company-specific circumstances when evaluating voting matters related to mergers, acquisitions, other special corporate transactions, and contested elections.
G. | Shareholder Proposals |
In assessing shareholder proposals, we will carefully consider the potential financial materiality (as appropriate to the investment strategy) of the issues raised in the proposal, as well as the company’s exposure to relevant risks and opportunities, current disclosures on the topic, and the sector and geography in which the company operates. We generally seek to balance concerns of reputational, operational, litigation and other risks that lie behind the proposal against costs of implementation.
We generally support proposals that seek to enhance useful disclosure on potentially financially material issues (as appropriate to the investment strategy), including but not limited to climate, biodiversity, human rights, supply chain, workplace safety, human capital management and pay equity. We focus on understanding the company’s business and commercial context and recognize that there is no one size fits all that can be applied across the board.
We generally do not support shareholder proposals on matters best left to the board’s discretion, or addressed via legislation or regulation, or that would be considered unduly burdensome. We also generally do not support shareholder proposals related to matters that we do not consider to be financially material (as appropriate to the investment strategy) for the company.
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 66 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund
Statement of Additional Information
April 29, 2025
Investment Adviser and Administrator
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund
Eaton Vance Management
One Post Office Square
Boston, MA 02109
Sub-Adviser
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund
Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC
800 Fifth Avenue, Suite 2800
Seattle, WA 98104
Custodian
State Street Bank and Trust Company
One Congress Street, Suite 1
Boston, MA 02114-2016
Transfer Agent
Equiniti Trust Company, LLC
P.O. Box 500
Newark, NJ 07101
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Deloitte & Touche LLP
115 Federal Street, Suite 15
Boston, MA 02110-1894
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | 67 | SAI dated April 29, 2025 |
PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 25. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS |
(1) | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: |
Included in Part A:
Financial Highlights for the ten years ended December 31, 2024.
Included in Part B:
Registrant’s Certified Shareholder Report on Form N-CSR filed February 27, 2025 (Accession No. 0001193125-25-038785) and incorporated herein by reference.
(2) | EXHIBITS: |
(s) | Calculation of Filing Fee Tables filed herewith. | |||||
(t) | (1) | Secretary’s Certificate dated December 11, 2024 filed herewith. | ||||
(2) | Power of Attorney dated August 6, 2024 filed herewith. |
ITEM 26. | MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS |
See Form of Distribution Agreement with respect to the Rule 415 shelf offering filed herewith.
See Form of Sub-Placement Agent Agreement between Eaton Vance Distributors Inc. and [ ] filed herewith.
ITEM 27. | OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION |
The approximate expenses in connection with the offering are as follows:
Registration and Filing Fees |
$ | 0 | ||
FINRA Fees |
$ | 500 | ||
New York Stock Exchange Fees |
$ | 91,661 | ||
Costs of Printing and Engraving |
$ | 0 | ||
Accounting Fees and Expenses |
$ | 2,500 | ||
Legal Fees and Expenses |
$ | 200,000 | ||
|
|
|||
Total |
$ | 294,661 |
ITEM 28. | PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL |
None.
ITEM 29. | NUMBER OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES |
Set forth below is the number of record holders as of March 31, 2025, of each class of securities of the Registrant:
Title of Class |
Number of Record Holders | |
Common Shares of Beneficial interest, par value $0.01 per share | 57,497 |
ITEM 30. | INDEMNIFICATION |
The Registrant’s Amended and Restated By-Laws and the Form of Distribution Agreement filed herewith contain provisions limiting the liability, and providing for indemnification, of the Trustees and officers under certain circumstances.
The Registrant’s Trustees and officers are insured under a standard investment company errors and omissions insurance policy covering loss incurred by reason of negligent errors and omissions committed in their official capacities as such. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the provisions described in this Item 30, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question of whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
ITEM 31. | BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF INVESTMENT ADVISER |
Reference is made to: (i) the information set forth under the caption “Investment Advisory and Other Services” in the Statement of Additional Information; (ii) the Morgan Stanley 10-K filed under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (File No. 001-11758); and (iii) the Form ADV of Eaton Vance Management (File No. 801-15930) and Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC (File No. 801-60485) filed with the Commission, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 32. | LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS |
All applicable accounts, books and documents required to be maintained by the Registrant by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules promulgated thereunder are in the possession and custody of the Registrant’s custodian, State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Congress Street, Suite 1, Boston, MA 02114-2016, and its transfer agent, Equiniti Trust Company, LLC, 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219, with the exception of certain corporate documents and portfolio trading documents which are in the possession and custody of Eaton Vance Management, One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109. Registrant is informed that all applicable accounts, books and documents required to be maintained by registered investment advisers are in the custody and possession of Eaton Vance Management located at One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109 and Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC located at 800 Fifth Avenue, Suite 2800, Seattle, WA 98104 and 518 Riverside Avenue, Westport, CT 06880.
ITEM 33. | MANAGEMENT SERVICES |
Not applicable.
ITEM 34. | UNDERTAKINGS |
1. Not applicable.
2. Not applicable.
3. The Registrant undertakes to
(a) file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement:
(1) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;
(2) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and
(3) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.
(b) that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of those securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;
(c) to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering;
(d) that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:
(1) if the Registrant is relying on Rule 430B [17 CFR 230.430B]:
(A) Each prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and
(B) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (x), or (xi) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date; or
(2) if the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C [17 CFR 230.430C]: each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.
(e) that for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities: The undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to the purchaser:
(1) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act;
(2) free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned Registrants;
(3) the portion of any other free writing prospectus or advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 under the Securities Act relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and
(4) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.
4. The Registrant undertakes that:
(a) for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in the form of prospectus filed by the Registrant under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of the Registration Statement as of the time it was declared effective; and
(b) for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post- effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
5. The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the Registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that is incorporated by reference into the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
6. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
7. The Registrant undertakes to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery, within two business days of receipt of an oral or written request, its Statement of Additional Information.
NOTICE
A copy of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Buy-Write Opportunities Fund is on file with the Secretary of State of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts and notice is hereby given that this instrument is executed on behalf of the Registrant by an officer of the Registrant as an officer and not individually and that the obligations of or arising out of this instrument are not binding upon any of the Trustees, officers or shareholders individually, but are binding only upon the assets and property of the Registrant.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Amendment to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Boston and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on the 29th day of April, 2025.
EATON VANCE TAX-MANAGED BUY-WRITE OPPORTUNITIES FUND | ||
By: | R. Kelly Williams, Jr.* | |
R. Kelly Williams, Jr., President |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature | Title | |||||
R. Kelly Williams, Jr.* |
President (Chief Executive Officer) | |||||
R. Kelly Williams, Jr. | ||||||
James F. Kirchner* |
Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | |||||
James F. Kirchner |
Signature | Title | Signature | Title | |||
Alan C. Bowser* Alan C. Bowser |
Trustee | Keith Quinton* Keith Quinton |
Trustee | |||
Mark R. Fetting* Mark R. Fetting |
Trustee | Marcus L. Smith* Marcus L. Smith |
Trustee | |||
Cynthia E. Frost* Cynthia E. Frost |
Trustee | Nancy Wiser Stefani* Nancy Wiser Stefani |
Trustee | |||
George J. Gorman* George J. Gorman |
Trustee | Susan J. Sutherland* Susan J. Sutherland |
Trustee | |||
Valerie A. Mosley* Valerie A. Mosley |
Trustee | Scott E. Wennerholm* Scott E. Wennerholm |
Trustee |
*By: | /s/ Deidre E. Walsh | |
Deidre E. Walsh (As attorney-in-fact) |
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit No. |
Description | |||
(g) | (2) | Amendment No. 1 dated April 14, 2023 to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated March 1, 2021 between the Registrant and Eaton Vance Management | ||
(h) | (2) | Form of Distribution Agreement with respect to the Rule 415 shelf offering | ||
(3) | Form of Sub-Placement Agent Agreement | |||
(l) | Opinion of Internal Counsel dated April 29, 2025 | |||
(n) | Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm dated April 28, 2025 | |||
(s) | Calculation of Filing Fee Table | |||
(t) | (1) | Secretary’s Certificate dated December 11, 2024 | ||
(2) | Power of Attorney dated August 6, 2024 |