CF Industries Holdings, Inc. Reports First Nine Months 2025 Net Earnings of $1.05 Billion, Adjusted EBITDA of $2.07 Billion

Strong Operations, Constructive Global Nitrogen Environment Drive Outstanding Results

Completed $3B Share Repurchase Program and Commenced New $2B Program in October

Premium Low-Carbon Ammonia Sales Began in September

CF Industries Holdings, Inc. (NYSE:CF), a leading global manufacturer of hydrogen and nitrogen products, today announced results for the nine months and third quarter ended September 30, 2025.

Highlights

• First nine months 2025 net earnings⁽¹⁾ of $1.05 billion, or $6.39 per diluted share, EBITDA⁽²⁾ of $2.05 billion, and adjusted EBITDA⁽²⁾ of $2.07 billion
• Third quarter 2025 net earnings of $353 million, or $2.19 per diluted share, EBITDA of $671 million, and adjusted EBITDA of $667 million
• Trailing twelve months net cash from operating activities of $2.63 billion; free cash flow⁽³⁾ of $1.70 billion for same period, which includes cash inflows and outflows associated with the Blue Point joint venture
• Repurchased 4.3 million shares for $364 million during the third quarter of 2025
• Completed $3 billion share repurchase program authorized in 2022 and commenced $2 billion share repurchase program authorized in 2025 during October 2025
• Sold cargoes of certified low-carbon ammonia at a premium price to conventional ammonia to customers in Africa and Europe in September
• Completed a nitric acid plant abatement project at Verdigris, OK, facility in October 2025, that is expected to reduce carbon dioxide-equivalent (CO₂-e) emissions by over 600,000 metric tons on an annual basis

"The CF Industries team continues to deliver outstanding results, working safely and operating our network well against the backdrop of continued constructive global nitrogen industry dynamics, driving strong free cash generation in the quarter and over the last 12 months," said Tony Will, president and chief executive officer, CF Industries Holdings, Inc. "We also reached a milestone in our clean energy strategy by both capturing a premium price for our first cargoes of certified low-carbon ammonia and earning 45Q tax credits as expected. The financial benefits from our investments in low-carbon ammonia and decarbonization projects are earning a very high rate of return for our shareholders."

Operations Overview

As of September 30, 2025, the Company's 12-month rolling average recordable incident rate was 0.37 incidents per 200,000 work hours.

Gross ammonia production for the first nine months and third quarter of 2025 was approximately 7.6 million and 2.4 million tons, respectively, compared to 7.2 million and 2.4 million tons in the first nine months and third quarter, respectively, of 2024. The Company expects gross ammonia production for the full year 2025 to be approximately 10 million tons.

Financial Results Overview

First Nine Months 2025 Financial Results

For the first nine months of 2025, net earnings attributable to common stockholders were $1.05 billion, or $6.39 per diluted share, EBITDA was $2.05 billion, and adjusted EBITDA was $2.07 billion. These results compare to first nine months of 2024 net earnings attributable to common stockholders of $890 million, or $4.86 per diluted share, EBITDA of $1.75 billion, and adjusted EBITDA of $1.72 billion.

Net sales in the first nine months of 2025 were $5.21 billion compared to $4.41 billion in the first nine months of 2024. Average selling prices for the first nine months of 2025 were higher for all segments than in the first nine months of 2024 due to strong global nitrogen demand, supply disruptions due to geopolitical issues, and higher global energy costs that raised the global market clearing price required to meet global demand. Sales volumes in the first nine months of 2025 were higher than in the first nine months of 2024 due primarily to greater ammonia supply availability as a result of increased production in the first quarter of 2025 compared to the first quarter of 2024, which was adversely impacted by production outages from a winter storm in January 2024.

Cost of sales for the first nine months of 2025 was higher compared to the first nine months of 2024 due primarily to higher realized natural gas costs and higher sales volumes.

The average cost of natural gas, including the impact of realized derivatives, reflected in the Company's cost of sales was $3.34 per MMBtu in the first nine months of 2025 compared to the average cost of natural gas in cost of sales of $2.38 per MMBtu in the first nine months of 2024.

Third Quarter 2025 Financial Results

For the third quarter of 2025, net earnings attributable to common stockholders were $353 million, or $2.19 per diluted share, EBITDA was $671 million, and adjusted EBITDA was $667 million. These results compare to third quarter of 2024 net earnings attributable to common stockholders of $276 million, or $1.55 per diluted share, EBITDA of $509 million, and adjusted EBITDA of $511 million.

Net sales in the third quarter of 2025 were $1.66 billion compared to $1.37 billion in the third quarter of 2024. Average selling prices were higher in the third quarter of 2025 compared to the third quarter of 2024 due to strong global nitrogen demand, supply disruptions due to geopolitical issues, and higher global energy costs that raised the global market clearing price required to meet global demand. Sales volumes were lower in the third quarter of 2025 compared to the third quarter of 2024 due primarily to lower beginning inventories.

Cost of sales for the third quarter of 2025 was higher compared to the third quarter of 2024 due primarily to higher realized natural gas costs.

The average cost of natural gas, including the impact of realized derivatives, reflected in the Company's cost of sales was $2.96 per MMBtu in the third quarter of 2025 compared to the average cost of natural gas in cost of sales of $2.10 per MMBtu in the third quarter of 2024.

Capital Management

On April 8, 2025, CF Industries announced that it formed a joint venture (Blue Point joint venture) with JERA Co., Inc. (JERA) and Mitsui & Co., Ltd. (Mitsui) for the construction, production and offtake of low-carbon ammonia. Upon formation, CF Industries held 40% ownership, JERA held 35% ownership, and Mitsui held 25% ownership in the joint venture, with the joint venture to be funded by the equity partners according to their ownership percentage.⁽⁴⁾

CF Industries consolidates the Blue Point joint venture in its consolidated financial statements, with the combined 60% interest owned by JERA and Mitsui recorded as noncontrolling interest. CF Industries' consolidated financial statements at September 30, 2025 included capital contributions from the joint venture equity partners, the cash held by the joint venture and the capital expenditures of the joint venture.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

As of September 30, 2025, CF Industries had cash and cash equivalents of $1.84 billion, of which $233 million was held by the Blue Point joint venture.

Capital Expenditures

Capital expenditures in the third quarter and first nine months of 2025 were $347 million and $724 million, respectively, of which $123 million and $213 million was attributable to the Blue Point joint venture in the third quarter and first nine months of 2025, respectively.

Reflecting the consolidation of the Blue Point joint venture into CF Industries' financial statements, management projects capital expenditures for full year 2025 will be approximately $925 million, of which approximately $575 million is related to activities within the Company's existing network and $300-$400 million is related to total estimated capital expenditures in 2025 of the Blue Point joint venture, which will be funded by each joint venture partner according to their ownership percentage. The Company expects to have up to $25 million in capital expenditures in 2025 related to its wholly owned Blue Point common facilities. For the full year, management projects capital expenditures, excluding the portion of capital expenditures funded by JERA and Mitsui, to be approximately $725 million.

Share Repurchase Programs

The Company repurchased 12.5 million shares for $1.0 billion during the first nine months of 2025, which includes the repurchase of 4.3 million shares for $364 million during the third quarter of 2025.

In October 2025, the Company completed the share repurchase program that the Board of Directors authorized in 2022, having repurchased 37.6 million shares for $3 billion, reducing the outstanding share count by 19% since the beginning of the program. Upon completion of the 2022 share repurchase program, the Company commenced the $2 billion share repurchase program that the Board of Directors authorized in May 2025. The program is effective through December 2029.

Since 2010, CF Industries has repurchased 215.8 million shares for approximately $11.3 billion and reduced the outstanding share count by 56%.

CHS Inc. Distribution

CHS Inc. (CHS) is entitled to semi-annual distributions resulting from its minority equity investment in CF Industries Nitrogen, LLC (CFN). The estimate of the partnership distribution earned by CHS, but not yet declared, for the third quarter of 2025 is approximately $106 million.

Nitrogen Market Outlook

Global nitrogen pricing was supported into the start of the third quarter of 2025 by strong global demand led by North America, India and Brazil and constrained supply availability due to outages in the quarter and earlier in the year. Global urea pricing moderated through the third quarter as is typical for this period though global ammonia pricing strengthened due to scheduled and unscheduled outages as well as steady demand.

In the near-term, management expects the global nitrogen supply-demand balance to remain constructive due to:

• Continued strong global nitrogen demand: Management expects continued positive global nitrogen demand through the end of 2025 and into 2026. India is projected to be the largest importer of urea in the world in 2025, with 7.3 million metric tons secured through urea tenders through the third quarter of 2025, with only another 430,000 metric tons secured in its October 2025 urea tender. The Company expects India to tender for urea frequently through March 2026 due to lower-than-expected domestic production and low inventory. Brazil is projected to require an additional 3 million metric tons of urea imports through the end of the year, supported by strong planted corn acreage. Nitrogen demand in North America is also expected to remain robust with farm economics currently favoring planting corn over soybeans in 2026.
• Low global nitrogen inventories: Management believes that global nitrogen inventories were lower-than-average entering the fourth quarter of 2025 despite the resumption of urea exports from China in the third quarter of 2025. Strong demand, supply disruptions due to natural gas availability in key production regions, and challenging producer economics in Europe and Asia have all contributed to the current inventory landscape.
• Emerging demand for low-carbon ammonia: Management expects demand for low-carbon ammonia to continue to grow in 2026 for both fertilizer and industrial applications led by European companies looking to establish a low-carbon ammonia supply chain in response to the implementation of the European Union's carbon border adjustment mechanism.

Over the medium-term, significant energy cost differentials between North American producers and high-cost producers in Europe and Asia are expected to persist. As a result, the Company believes the global nitrogen cost structure will remain supportive of strong margin opportunities for low-cost North American producers.

Longer-term, management expects the global nitrogen supply-demand balance to tighten as global nitrogen capacity under construction is not projected to keep pace with expected global nitrogen demand growth over the next four years of approximately 1.5% per year for traditional applications and new demand growth for clean energy applications. Global production is expected to remain constrained by poor margins for European ammonia producers and availability of natural gas in Egypt, Trinidad, and Iran.

Strategic Initiatives Update

Blue Point Joint Venture with JERA and Mitsui

The Blue Point joint venture will construct at CF Industries' Blue Point Complex in Ascension Parish, Louisiana, an autothermal reforming (ATR) ammonia production facility with a carbon dioxide (CO₂) dehydration and compression unit to prepare captured CO₂ for transportation and sequestration. The project execution team has been assembled and procurement of long lead equipment items is largely complete. Detailed engineering activities along with the regulatory permitting process are progressing to support the start of facility civil construction in 2026.

Verdigris, OK, Complex Nitric Acid Abatement Project

In October 2025, CF Industries completed a nitric acid plant abatement project at its Verdigris, Oklahoma, facility. The abatement project is expected to significantly reduce N₂O emissions from the plant, lowering CO₂-e emissions by over 600,000 metric tons on an annual basis. The Company is monetizing the decarbonization project by selling environmental attributes generated by the project, including through the Low-Carbon Fertilizer Alliance, which is a collaborative initiative, launched by 3Degrees, that works to reduce emissions in agricultural supply chains by focusing on low-carbon fertilizers.

Yazoo City, MS, Carbon Capture and Sequestration Project

CF Industries signed a definitive commercial agreement in July 2024 with ExxonMobil for the transport and sequestration in permanent geologic storage of up to 500,000 metric tons of CO₂ annually from the Company's Yazoo City, Mississippi, Complex. CF Industries will invest approximately $100 million into its Yazoo City Complex to build a CO₂ dehydration and compression unit to enable up to 500,000 metric tons of CO₂ captured from the ammonia production process per year to be transported and stored. The Company has ordered long lead equipment items, including the CO₂ compressor, and is progressing through detailed engineering to achieve a 2028 startup. CF Industries expects the project to qualify for tax credits under Section 45Q of the Internal Revenue Code, which provides a credit per metric ton of CO₂ sequestered.

Ammonia Segment

CF Industries' ammonia segment produces anhydrous ammonia (ammonia), which is the base product that the Company manufactures, containing 82 percent nitrogen and 18 percent hydrogen. The results of the ammonia segment consist of sales of ammonia to external customers for its nitrogen content as a fertilizer, in emissions control and in other industrial applications. In addition, the Company upgrades ammonia into other nitrogen products such as granular urea, UAN and AN.

Comparison of first nine months of 2025 to first nine months of 2024:

• Ammonia sales volume for 2025 increased compared to 2024 due primarily to greater supply availability from higher gross ammonia production.
• Ammonia average selling prices increased for 2025 compared to 2024 as strong global nitrogen demand, supply disruptions due to geopolitical issues, and higher global energy costs raised the global market clearing price required to meet global demand.
• Ammonia adjusted gross margin per ton increased for 2025 compared to 2024 due primarily to higher average selling prices and lower maintenance costs partially offset by higher realized natural gas costs.

Granular Urea Segment

CF Industries' granular urea segment produces granular urea, which contains 46 percent nitrogen. Produced from ammonia and carbon dioxide, it has the highest nitrogen content of any of the Company's solid nitrogen products.

Comparison of first nine months of 2025 to first nine months of 2024:

• Granular urea sales volumes for 2025 were lower than 2024 due to lower starting inventory and product mix favoring UAN production.
• Granular urea average selling prices increased for 2025 compared to 2024 as strong global nitrogen demand, supply disruptions due to geopolitical issues, and higher global energy costs raised the global market clearing price required to meet global demand.
• Granular urea adjusted gross margin per ton increased for 2025 compared to 2024 due primarily to higher average selling prices partially offset by higher realized natural gas costs.

UAN Segment

CF Industries' UAN segment produces urea ammonium nitrate solution (UAN). UAN is a liquid product with nitrogen content that typically ranges from 28 percent to 32 percent and is produced by combining urea and ammonium nitrate in solution.

Comparison of first nine months of 2025 to first nine months of 2024:

• UAN sales volumes for 2025 were higher than 2024 sales volumes due primarily to greater supply availability from higher UAN production.
• UAN average selling prices increased for 2025 compared to 2024 as strong global nitrogen demand, supply disruptions due to geopolitical issues, and higher global energy costs raised the global market clearing price required to meet global demand.
• UAN adjusted gross margin per ton increased for 2025 compared to 2024 due primarily to higher average selling prices partially offset by higher realized natural gas costs.

AN Segment

CF Industries' AN segment produces ammonium nitrate (AN). AN is used as a nitrogen fertilizer with nitrogen content between 29 percent to 35 percent, and is also used extensively by the commercial explosives industry as a component of explosives.

Comparison of first nine months of 2025 to first nine months of 2024:

• AN sales volumes for 2025 were similar to 2024.
• AN average selling prices increased for 2025 compared to 2024 as strong global nitrogen demand, supply disruptions due to geopolitical issues, and higher global energy costs raised the global market clearing price required to meet global demand.
• AN adjusted gross margin per ton increased for 2025 compared to 2024 due primarily to higher average selling prices partially offset by higher realized natural gas costs.

Other Segment

CF Industries' Other segment primarily includes diesel exhaust fluid (DEF), urea liquor and nitric acid.

Comparison of first nine months of 2025 to first nine months of 2024:

• Other sales volumes for 2025 were similar to 2024.
• Other average selling prices increased for 2025 compared to 2024 as strong global nitrogen demand, supply disruptions due to geopolitical issues, and higher global energy costs raised the global market clearing price required to meet global demand.
• Other adjusted gross margin per ton was higher for 2025 compared to 2024 due primarily to higher average selling prices partially offset by higher realized natural gas costs.

Dividend Payment

On October 1, 2025, CF Industries' Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.50 per common share. The dividend will be paid on November 28, 2025 to stockholders of record as of November 14, 2025.

Conference Call

CF Industries will hold a conference call to discuss its third quarter and nine month 2025 results at 11:00 a.m. ET on Thursday, November 6, 2025. This conference call will include discussion of CF Industries' business environment and outlook. Investors can access the call and find dial-in information on the Investor Relations section of the Company's website at www.cfindustries.com.

About CF Industries Holdings, Inc.

At CF Industries, our mission is to provide clean energy to feed and fuel the world sustainably. With our employees focused on safe and reliable operations, environmental stewardship, and disciplined capital and corporate management, we are on a path to decarbonize our ammonia production network – the world's largest – to enable low-carbon hydrogen and nitrogen products for energy, fertilizer, emissions abatement and other industrial activities. Our manufacturing complexes in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom, an unparalleled storage, transportation and distribution network in North America, and logistics capabilities enabling a global reach underpin our strategy to leverage our unique capabilities to accelerate the world's transition to clean energy. CF Industries routinely posts investor announcements and additional information on the Company's website at www.cfindustries.com and encourages those interested in the Company to check there frequently.

Note Regarding Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The Company reports its financial results in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Management believes that EBITDA, EBITDA per ton, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA per ton, free cash flow, and, on a segment basis, adjusted gross margin, adjusted gross margin as a percent of net sales and adjusted gross margin per product ton and per nutrient ton, which are non-GAAP financial measures, provide additional meaningful information regarding the Company's performance and financial strength. Management uses these measures, and believes they are useful to investors, as supplemental financial measures in the comparison of year-over-year performance. Non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as an alternative for, the Company's reported results prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, because not all companies use identical calculations, EBITDA, EBITDA per ton, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA per ton, free cash flow, adjusted gross margin, adjusted gross margin as a percent of net sales and adjusted gross margin per product ton and per nutrient ton, included in this release may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Reconciliations of EBITDA, EBITDA per ton, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA per ton, and free cash flow to the most directly comparable GAAP measures are provided in the tables accompanying this release under "CF Industries Holdings, Inc.-Selected Financial Information-Non-GAAP Disclosure Items." Reconciliations of adjusted gross margin, adjusted gross margin as a percent of net sales and adjusted gross margin per product ton and per nutrient ton to the most directly comparable GAAP measures are provided in the segment tables included in this release.

Safe Harbor Statement

All statements in this communication by CF Industries Holdings, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the "Company"), other than those relating to historical facts, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements can generally be identified by their use of terms such as "anticipate," "believe," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "predict," "project," "will" or "would" and similar terms and phrases, including references to assumptions. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to a number of assumptions, risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Company's control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from such statements. These statements may include, but are not limited to, statements about strategic plans and management's expectations with respect to the production of low-carbon ammonia, the development of carbon capture and sequestration projects, the transition to and growth of a hydrogen economy, greenhouse gas reduction targets, projected capital expenditures, statements about future financial and operating results, and other items described in this communication.

Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include, among others: the Company's ability to complete the projects at its Blue Point Complex, including the construction of a low-carbon ammonia production facility with its joint venture partners and scalable infrastructure on schedule and on budget or at all; the Company's ability to fund the capital expenditure needs related to the joint venture at its Blue Point Complex, which may exceed its current estimates; the cyclical nature of the Company's business and the impact of global supply and demand on the Company's selling prices and operating results; the global commodity nature of the Company's nitrogen products, the conditions in the global market for nitrogen products, and the intense global competition from other producers; announced or future tariffs, retaliatory measures, and global trade relations, including the potential impact of tariffs and retaliatory measures on the price and availability of materials for its capital projects and maintenance; conditions in the United States, Europe and other agricultural areas, including the influence of governmental policies and technological developments on the demand for its fertilizer products; the volatility of natural gas prices in North America and globally; weather conditions and the impact of adverse weather events; the seasonality of the fertilizer business; the impact of changing market conditions on the Company's forward sales programs; difficulties in securing the supply and delivery of raw materials or utilities, increases in their costs or delays or interruptions in their delivery; reliance on third party providers of transportation services and equipment; the Company's reliance on a limited number of key facilities; risks associated with cybersecurity; acts of terrorism and regulations to combat terrorism; the significant risks and hazards involved in producing and handling the Company's products against which the Company may not be fully insured; risks associated with international operations; the Company's ability to manage its indebtedness and any additional indebtedness that may be incurred; risks associated with changes in tax laws and adverse determinations by taxing authorities, including any potential changes in tax regulations and its qualification for tax credits; risks involving derivatives and the effectiveness of the Company's risk management and hedging activities; potential liabilities and expenditures related to environmental, health and safety laws and regulations and permitting requirements; regulatory restrictions and requirements related to greenhouse gas emissions, including announced or future changes in environmental or climate change laws; the development and growth of the market for low-carbon ammonia and the risks and uncertainties relating to the development and implementation of the Company's low-carbon ammonia projects; risks associated with investments in and expansions of the Company's business, including unanticipated adverse consequences and the significant resources that could be required; and failure of technologies to perform, develop or be available as expected, including the low-carbon ATR ammonia production facility with carbon capture and sequestration technologies being constructed at its Blue Point Complex.

More detailed information about factors that may affect the Company's performance and could cause actual results to differ materially from those in any forward-looking statements may be found in CF Industries Holdings, Inc.'s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including CF Industries Holdings, Inc.'s most recent annual and quarterly reports on Form 10-K and Form 10-Q, which are available in the Investor Relations section of the Company's web site. It is not possible to predict or identify all risks and uncertainties that might affect the accuracy of our forward-looking statements and, consequently, our descriptions of such risks and uncertainties should not be considered exhaustive. There is no guarantee that any of the events, plans or goals anticipated by these forward-looking statements will occur, and if any of the events do occur, there is no guarantee what effect they will have on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and future prospects. Forward-looking statements are given only as of the date of this communication and the Company disclaims any obligation to update or revise the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

CF INDUSTRIES HOLDINGS, INC.

SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

NON-GAAP DISCLOSURE ITEMS

Reconciliation of net cash provided by operating activities (GAAP measure) to free cash flow (non-GAAP measure):

Free cash flow is defined as net cash provided by operating activities, as stated in the consolidated statements of cash flows, reduced by capital expenditures and distributions to noncontrolling interest plus contributions from noncontrolling interests. The Company has presented free cash flow because management uses this measure and believes it is useful to investors, as an indication of the strength of the Company and its ability to generate cash and to evaluate the Company's cash generation ability relative to its industry competitors. It should not be inferred that the entire free cash flow amount is available for discretionary expenditures.

CF INDUSTRIES HOLDINGS, INC.

SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

NON-GAAP DISCLOSURE ITEMS (CONTINUED)

Reconciliation of net earnings attributable to common stockholders and net earnings attributable to common stockholders per ton (GAAP measures) to EBITDA, EBITDA per ton, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA per ton (non-GAAP measures), as applicable:

EBITDA is defined as net earnings attributable to common stockholders plus interest expense (income)—net, income taxes and depreciation and amortization. Other adjustments include the elimination of the portion of interest income (expense)—net and the portion of depreciation and amortization that are included in noncontrolling interests, and loan fee amortization that is included in both interest and amortization.

The Company has presented EBITDA and EBITDA per ton because management uses these measures to track performance and believes that they are frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of companies in the industry.

Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA adjusted with the selected items as summarized in the table below. The Company has presented adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA per ton because management uses these measures, and believes they are useful to investors, as supplemental financial measures in the comparison of year-over-year performance.