SEC Form 10-K filed by Dynatronics Corporation

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant's definitive proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Dynatronics Corporation intends to file such proxy statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after its fiscal year ended June 30, 2025.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

	PART I.
Item 1.	Business	2
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	6
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	12
Item 1C.	Cybersecurity	13
Item 2.	Properties	13
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	14
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	14
	PART II.
Item 5.	Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	15
Item 6.	[Reserved]	15
Item 7.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	15
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	20
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	20
Item 9.	Changes in Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	36
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	36
Item 9B.	Other Information	36
Item 9C.	Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections	36
	PART III.
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	37
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	37
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	37
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	37
Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	37
	PART IV.
Item 15.	Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules	38
Item 16.	Form 10-K Summary	40
Signatures		41

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including documents incorporated herein by reference, contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: any projections of net sales, earnings, or outlook for fiscal year 2026, and other financial items; any statements of the strategies, plans and objectives of management for future operations; expectations in connection with the Company's previously announced business optimization plan; any statements concerning proposed new products or developments; any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; any statements of belief; and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Forward-looking statements can be identified by their use of such words as "may," "will," "estimate," "intend," "continue," "believe," "expect," or "anticipate" and similar references to future periods.

Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of our control. Our actual results and financial condition may differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, among others, those that are discussed in "Business" (Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-K), "Risk Factors" (Part I, Item 1A of this Form 10-K), and throughout "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" (Part II, Item 7 of this Form 10-K). Readers are cautioned that actual results could differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations that are expressed in forward-looking statements within this report. The forward-looking statements included in this report speak only as of the date hereof, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

PART I

Item 1. Business

Company Background

Dynatronics Corporation is a leading medical device company committed to providing high-quality products designed to accelerate optimal health. The Company designs, manufactures, and sells a broad range of products for clinical use in physical therapy, rehabilitation, orthopedics, pain management, and athletic training. Through its distribution channels, Dynatronics markets and sells to orthopedists, physical therapists, chiropractors, athletic trainers, sports medicine practitioners, clinics, and hospitals. The Company's products are marketed under a portfolio of high-quality, well-known industry brands including Bird & Cronin, Solaris, Hausmann, PROTEAM, and Mammoth, among others.

Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this report to "registrant," "we," "us," "our," "Dynatronics," or the "Company" refer to Dynatronics Corporation, a Utah corporation, and its wholly owned subsidiaries. In this report, unless otherwise expressly indicated, references to "dollars" and "$" are to United States dollars.

Business Strategy

Dynatronics is a leading manufacturer of restorative products known for trusted high-quality brands, on-time delivery, and superior customer care. We are committed to maintaining our current position through consistent operational excellence and a focus on sustaining our core strengths. Our strategy prioritizes stable revenue streams, steady business operations, and ensuring continued value for clinicians, investors, and all stakeholders.

Corporate Information

Dynatronics Corporation is a Utah corporation founded in 1983 as Dynatronics Laser Corporation to acquire our predecessor company, Dynatronics Research Company, which was also a Utah corporation, formed in 1979. Our principal executive offices are located at 1200 Trapp Road, Eagan, Minnesota, 55121, and our telephone number is (801) 568-7000. Our website address is www.dynatronics.com. Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and other reports and documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (or "SEC") are available via a link to the SEC's website www.sec.gov on our website under the "Investors" tab, which directs you to our page at www.dynatronics.com/investors/. Available on this website as a portal, investors can find or navigate to pertinent information about us, including copies of the reports described above, as well as other information such as the following:

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Announcements of investor conferences, press releases, and events at which our executives talk about our products and business operations;

 

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Information about our business strategies, financial results and metrics for investors;

 

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Press releases on quarterly earnings, product and service announcements, legal developments and other Company news;

 

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Information and documents related to corporate governance, including our articles of incorporation, bylaws, governance guidelines, Board committee charters, code of conduct and ethics and other governance policies; and

 

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Other information we may post from time to time.

You may also subscribe to receive Company alerts and information as it becomes available from the Company. The information found on our website and our Investors portal is not part of this or any other report we file with, or furnish to, the SEC. We encourage investors, the media, and others interested in Dynatronics to review the information we post on our website and the social media channels listed on our Investor Relations webpage.

We operate on a fiscal year ending June 30. For example, reference to fiscal year 2025 refers to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025. All references to financial statements in this report refer to the consolidated financial statements of our parent company, Dynatronics Corporation, and our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Bird & Cronin, LLC and Hausmann Enterprises, LLC.

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Our Products

We sell products that we manufacture or which are manufactured by Dynatronics, its subsidiaries, or contract manufacturers.

We offer a broad range of restorative products for clinical use in physical therapy, rehabilitation, orthopedics, pain management, and athletic training. Our offerings include orthopedic soft bracing and supports, patient care products, treatment tables, rehabilitation equipment, therapeutic modalities, and related supplies.

Our products are used primarily by orthopedists, physical therapists, chiropractors, athletic trainers, sports medicine practitioners, clinics, and hospitals.

Orthopedic Soft Bracing Products

Our orthopedic soft bracing products are designed to accelerate health for patients both pre- and post-surgical intervention, and during fracture recovery, joint stabilization, and ligament injury.

Our Bird & Cronin products include, among others, cervical collars, shoulder immobilizers, arm slings, wrist and elbow supports, abdominal and lumbosacral supports, maternity supports, knee immobilizers and supports, ankle walkers and supports, plantar fasciitis splints, and cold therapy. We continually seek to update our line of soft bracing products.

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Products

Our physical therapy and rehabilitation products are designed to accelerate health in a wide range of clinical settings, including physical therapy, rehabilitation, pain management, and athletic training.

Our Solaris, Hausmann, PROTEAM, Forged, Timber and Titan brands include products for physical therapy, rehabilitation, and athletic training. These products include treatment tables, rehabilitation equipment, therapeutic modalities, and related supplies.

Therapeutic Modalities: We manufacture and distribute a premium line of therapeutic modality devices that include electrotherapy, ultrasound, phototherapy, traction, hot and cold therapy, and electrodes. These modalities can be effective in treating pain, increasing local blood circulation, promoting relaxation of muscle spasms, preventing retardation of disuse atrophy, and accelerating muscle re-education. Our branded line of modalities are well known to clinicians across all of our end-markets.

Treatment Tables, Exercise and Rehabilitation Equipment: We manufacture a premium line of power and manually operated treatment tables, mat platforms, work tables, parallel bars, training stairs, weight racks, and other related equipment. These products are essential to treating patients in a variety of clinical settings.

Sales Mix among Key Products

No single product accounted for more than 10% of total revenues in fiscal years 2025 or 2024. Sales of product we manufacture or are manufactured by our contract manufacturers represented approximately 98% of total product sales, excluding freight and other revenue, in both fiscal years 2025 and 2024.

Patents and Trademarks

Patents. We own a United States patent on our thermoelectric technology that will remain in effect until February 2033. We also hold a United States patent on our combination traction/phototherapy technology that will remain in effect until December 2026.

Trademarks and Copyrights. We own trademarks used in our business, particularly marks relating to our corporate and product names. United States trademark registrations that are significant to our business include Dynatron®, Dynatron Solaris®, Bird & Cronin®, Hausmann®, and PROTEAM™.

Federal registration of a trademark enables the registered owner of the mark to bar the unauthorized use of the registered mark in connection with a similar product in the same channels of trade by any third party anywhere in the United States, regardless of whether the registered owner has ever used the trademark in the area where the unauthorized use occurs. We may register additional trademarks in countries where our products are or may be sold in the future. Protection of registered trademarks in some jurisdictions may not be as extensive as the protection provided by registration under U.S. law. Trademark protection continues in some countries so long as the trademark is used, and in other countries, so long as the trademark is registered. Trademark registration is for fixed terms and can be renewed indefinitely. Our print materials are also protected under copyright laws, both in the United States and internationally.

We also claim ownership and protection of certain product names, unregistered trademarks, and service marks under common law. Common law trademark rights do not provide the same level of protection that is afforded by the registration of a trademark. In addition, common law trademark rights are limited to the geographic area in which the trademark is actually used. We believe these trademarks, whether registered or claimed under common law, constitute valuable assets, adding to recognition of the Company and the effective marketing of our products.

Trade Secrets. We own certain intellectual property, including trade secrets that we seek to protect, in part, through confidentiality agreements with key employees and other parties involved in manufacturing, research, and development. Even where these agreements exist, there can be no assurance that these agreements will not be breached, that we would have adequate remedies for any breach, or that our trade secrets will not otherwise become known to or independently developed by competitors.

We intend to protect our legal rights in our intellectual property by all appropriate legal action. Consequently, we may become involved from time to time in litigation to determine the enforceability, scope, and validity of any of the foregoing proprietary rights. Any litigation related to our intellectual property could result in substantial cost and divert the efforts of management and technical personnel. 

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Warranty Service

We provide a warranty on all manufactured products for time periods generally ranging in length from 90 days to fifteen years from the date of sale. We service warranty claims on these products at our Utah, New Jersey, and Minnesota sites depending on the product and service required. Our warranty policies are comparable to warranties generally available in the industry. Warranty claims are not material.

Customers and Markets

We sell products to licensed practitioners such as orthopedists, physical therapists, chiropractors, and athletic trainers. Our customers also include professional sports teams and universities, sports medicine specialists, post-acute care facilities, hospitals, clinics, retail distributors and equipment manufacturer ("OEM") partners. We utilize a network of over 100 core independent dealers throughout the United States. Most dealers purchase and take title to the products, which they then sell to end users. In addition, we utilize a network of independent sales representatives combined with a small number of targeted direct sales representatives.

We have entered into agreements with independent clinics and hospitals, regional and national chains of physical therapy clinics and hospitals, integrated delivery networks, group purchasing organizations ("GPOs"), and government agencies. We sell products directly to these clinics, hospitals, and groups pursuant to preferred pricing arrangements. In fiscal year 2025, two major customers were responsible for 14.5% and 12.0% of our total net sales. Three major customers were responsible for 13.0%, 12.7% and 12.7% of our total net sales in fiscal year 2024.

Competition

We do not compete with a single competitor across all of our product lines. Our industry comprises numerous competitors of varying sizes, including personal care companies, branded consumer healthcare companies and private label manufacturers. Information necessary to determine or reasonably estimate our market share or that of any competitor in any of these markets of our highly fragmented industry is not readily available to us.

We compete against various manufacturers and distributors, some of which are larger and more established, and have greater resources available to them, than Dynatronics. Our competitors in soft bracing products are primarily regional manufacturers, as well as several large corporations. Our competitors in treatment tables, exercise and rehabilitation equipment, and related supplies are from several domestic and international manufacturers and distributors.

In the clinical market for therapeutic modality devices, we compete with both domestic and foreign companies. Several of our products are protected by patents or where patents have expired, the proprietary technology on which those patents were based. We believe that the integration of advanced technology in the design of our products has distinguished Dynatronics-branded products in this competitive market. For example, we were the first company to integrate infrared phototherapy as part of a combination therapy device. We believe these factors give us a competitive edge. Our primary domestic competitors in the therapeutic device manufacturing market include four large manufacturers.

Trusted high-quality brands, on-time product delivery, and superior customer care are of key importance for us to remain competitive in this market and to maintain established relationships within our distribution channels.

Manufacturing and Quality Assurance

We produce products at our facilities in Northvale, New Jersey, Eagan, Minnesota, and Cottonwood Heights, Utah. Our products utilize custom components both fashioned internally from sourced raw materials, as well as components purchased from third-party suppliers. All parts and components purchased from third-party suppliers meet established specifications. Trained staff perform all sub-assembly, final assembly and quality assurance testing by following established procedures. Our design and development process ensures that our products meet specified design requirements. We strive to manage the suppliers of components and materials to ensure their quality and availability for our manufacturing teams.

Regulatory Matters

The manufacture, packaging, labeling, advertising, promotion, distribution and sale of our products are subject to regulation by numerous international, national and local governmental agencies in the United States and other countries. In the United States, the FDA regulates some of our products pursuant to the Medical Device Amendment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, or FD&C Act, and regulations promulgated under the FD&C Act. Advertising and other forms of promotion (including claims) and methods of marketing of the products are subject to regulation by the FDA and by the Federal Trade Commission, or FTC, under the Federal Trade Commission Act, as applicable.

As a medical device manufacturer, we are required to register with the FDA and are subject to inspection for compliance with the FDA's Quality Systems Regulations, as applicable. These regulations require us to manufacture our products and maintain related documents in a prescribed manner with respect to manufacturing, testing, and control activities. Further, we are required to comply with various FDA requirements for reportable events involving our devices. The FD&C Act and its medical device reporting regulations require us to provide information to the FDA if allegations are made that one of our products has caused or contributed to a death or serious injury, or if a malfunction of a product would likely cause or contribute to death or serious injury. The FDA also prohibits an approved device from being marketed for unapproved uses. All of our therapeutic treatment devices, as currently designed, are cleared for marketing under section 510(k) of the Medical Device Amendment to the FD&C Act, or are considered 510(k) exempt. If a device is subject to section 510(k) clearance requirements, the FDA must receive pre-market notification from the manufacturer of its intent to market the device. The FDA must find that the device is substantially equivalent to a legally marketed predicate device before the agency will clear the new device for marketing.

We intend to continuously improve our products after they have been introduced into the market. Certain modifications to our marketed devices may require a pre-market notification and clearance before the changed device may be marketed, if the change or modification could significantly affect safety and/or effectiveness. As appropriate, we may therefore submit future 510(k) notifications to the FDA. No assurance can be given that clearance or approval of such new applications will be granted by the FDA on a timely basis, or at all. Furthermore, we may be required to submit extensive pre-clinical and clinical data depending on the nature of the product changes. All of our devices, unless specifically exempted by regulation, are subject to the FD&C Act's general controls, which include, among other things, registration and listing, adherence to the Quality System Regulation requirements for manufacturing, medical device reporting and the potential for voluntary and mandatory recalls described above. 

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In March 2017, the FDA published guidance relating to Class II devices that would no longer be required to submit a pre-market notification (510(k)). This list was finalized in the Federal Register on July 11, 2017. Among the Class II devices exempted by this determination are some phototherapy devices such as those manufactured by us. That guidance indicates that such devices are considered safe and effective without adding the burden of a pre-market approval by the FDA. While this change diminishes the regulatory burden for such products, it also lowers the barriers to entry for competitive products. We view this change as generally positive for us and our ability to leverage existing technology competencies in this segment.

Failure to comply with applicable FDA regulatory requirements may result in, among other things, injunctions, product withdrawals, recalls, product seizures, fines, and criminal prosecutions. Any such action by the FDA could materially adversely affect our ability to successfully market our products. Our Utah, Minnesota, and New Jersey facilities are subject to periodic inspection by the FDA for compliance with the FDA's cGMP and other requirements, including appropriate reporting regulations and various requirements for labeling and promotion.

Advertising of our products is subject to regulation by the FTC under the FTC Act, as applicable. Section 5 of the FTC Act prohibits unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce. Section 12 of the FTC Act provides that the dissemination or the causing to be disseminated of any false advertisement pertaining to, among other things, drugs, cosmetics, devices or foods, is an unfair or deceptive act or practice. Pursuant to this FTC requirement, we are required to have adequate substantiation for all advertising claims made about our products. The type of substantiation required depends upon the product claims made.

If the FTC has reason to believe the law is being violated (e.g., a manufacturer or distributor does not possess adequate substantiation for product claims), it can initiate an enforcement action. The FTC has a variety of administrative and judicial processes and remedies available to it for enforcement, including compulsory process authority, cease and desist orders, and injunctions. FTC enforcement could result in orders requiring, among other things, limits on advertising, consumer redress, and divestiture of assets, rescission of contracts, or such other relief as may be deemed necessary. Violation of such orders could result in substantial financial or other penalties. Any such action against us by the FTC could materially and adversely affect our ability to successfully market our products.

From time to time, legislation is introduced in the Congress of the United States or in state legislatures that could significantly change the statutory provisions governing the approval, manufacturing, and marketing of medical devices and products like those we manufacture. In addition, FDA regulations and guidance are often revised or reinterpreted by the agency in ways that may significantly affect our business and our products. It is impossible to predict whether legislative changes will be enacted, or FDA regulations, guidance, or interpretations will be changed, and what the impact of such changes, if any, may be on our business and our results of operations. We cannot predict the nature of any future laws, regulations, interpretations, or applications, nor can we determine what effect additional governmental regulations or administrative orders, when and if promulgated, domestically or internationally, would have on our business in the future. They could include, however, the recall or discontinuance of certain products, additional record keeping, expanded documentation of the properties of certain products, expanded or different labeling, and additional scientific substantiation. The necessity of complying with any or all such requirements could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

The Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007 and the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act of 2012 amended the FD&C Act to require the FDA to promulgate regulations to implement a unique device identification ("UDI") system. The UDI rule phased in the implementation of the UDI regulations, generally beginning with the highest-risk devices (i.e., Class III medical devices) and ending with the lowest-risk devices. Most compliance dates were reached as of September 24, 2018, with a final set of requirements for low-risk devices being reached on September 24, 2022 (extended to December 8, 2022). The UDI regulations require "labelers" to include unique device identifiers ("UDIs"), with a content and format prescribed by the FDA and issued under a system operated by an FDA-accredited issuing agency, on the labels and packages of medical devices, and to directly mark certain devices with UDIs. The UDI regulations also require labelers to submit certain information concerning UDI-labeled devices to the FDA, much of which information is publicly available on an FDA database, the Global Unique Device Identification Database. The UDI regulations and subsequent FDA guidance regarding the UDI requirements provide for certain exceptions, alternatives and time extensions. For example, the UDI regulations include a general exception for Class I devices exempt from the Quality System Regulation (other than record-keeping and complaint files). Regulated labelers include entities such as device manufacturers, repackagers, reprocessors and relabelers that cause a device's label to be applied or modified, with the intent that the device will be commercially distributed without any subsequent replacement or modification of the label.

In addition to compliance with FDA rules and regulations, we are also required to comply with international regulatory laws or other regulatory schemes used by other countries in which we choose to do business. Foreign governmental regulations have become increasingly stringent and more common, and we may become subject to more rigorous regulation by foreign governmental authorities in the future. Penalties for non-compliance with foreign governmental regulation could be severe, including revocation or suspension of a company's business license and criminal sanctions. Any domestic or foreign governmental law or regulation imposed in the future may have a material adverse effect on us. We believe all of our present products are in compliance in all material respects with all applicable performance standards in countries where the products are sold.

Foreign Government Regulation

Although it is not a current focus, we may expand our activities to market our products in select international markets in the future. The regulatory requirements for our products vary from country to country. Some countries impose product standards, packaging requirements, labeling requirements and import restrictions on some of the products we manufacture and distribute. Each country has its own tariff regulations, duties and tax requirements. Failure to comply with applicable foreign regulatory requirements may subject us to fines, suspension or withdrawal of regulatory approvals, product recalls, seizure of products, operating restrictions and criminal prosecution.

Environment

Environmental regulations and the cost of compliance with them are not material to our business. Numerous federal, state and local laws regulate the sale of products containing certain identified ingredients that may impact human health and the environment. For instance, California has enacted Proposition 65, which requires the disclosure of specified listed ingredient chemicals on the labels of products sold in that state and the use of warning labels when such ingredients may be found. We believe we are compliant with such regulations.

Seasonality

Our business is affected by some seasonality, which could result in fluctuation in our operating results. Sales are typically higher in our first and fourth fiscal quarters (the summer and spring months), while sales in our second and third fiscal quarters are generally lower (the fall and winter months). Therefore, our quarterly operating results are not necessarily indicative of operating results for the entire year, and historical operating results in a quarterly or annual period are not necessarily indicative of future operating results.

Employees

As of June 30, 2025, we employed 88 full-time employees. Certain of our employees (35 individuals) are subject to a collective bargaining agreement scheduled to expire in February 2028. We believe our labor relations with both union and non-union employees are satisfactory. 

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the risks described elsewhere in this report and in certain of our other filings with the SEC, we have identified the following risks and uncertainties, among others, as risks that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by us or by any forward-looking statement contained in this report. You should consider the following risk factors, in addition to the information presented elsewhere in this report, particularly under the heading "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements," on page 2 of this report, and statements and disclosures contained in the sections "Part I, Item 1. Business," "Part II, Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," as well as in the filings we make from time to time with the SEC, in evaluating us, our business and an investment in our securities. The fact that some of these risk factors may be the same or similar to those that we have included in other reports that we have filed with the SEC in past periods means only that the risks are present in multiple periods. We believe that many of the risks that are described here are part of doing business in the industry in which we operate and will likely be present in all periods. The fact that certain risks are endemic to the industry does not lessen their significance.

Substantial Doubt About Our Ability to Continue as a Going Concern

As noted in the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on our audited consolidated financial statements and a related footnote to our audited consolidated financial statements, we have incurred significant recurring operating losses primarily driven by recent yearly declines in revenue, recurring negative cash flows, and continued reduction in liquidity that have caused the Company to determine there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. In response to these challenges, the Company is in the process of implementing a series of strategic actions aimed at improving liquidity, increasing operating efficiency and revenues, and ensuring business continuity. While we believe that we will be able to successfully execute on these strategic actions, there can be no assurances that we will be successful in these efforts. If we are unable to successfully execute on these strategies, our business, prospects, financial condition, and results of operations would be materially and adversely affected, and we may be unable to continue as a going concern. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. Accordingly, the financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability of assets and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

We expect to rely on third-party manufacturers and will be dependent on their quality and effectiveness. Our electrotherapy products require precise, high-quality manufacturing. The failure to achieve and maintain high manufacturing standards, including failure to detect or control unexpected events or unanticipated manufacturing errors, or the frequent occurrence of such errors, could result in patient injury or death, delays or failures in product testing or delivery, cost overruns, product recalls or withdrawals and other problems that could seriously hurt our business. Third party manufacturers can encounter difficulties involving manufacturing processes, facilities, operations, production yields, quality control, compliance, and shortages of qualified personnel.

If for any reason our third-party manufacturer is unable or unwilling to perform, we may not be able to terminate our agreements with them, and we may not be able to locate alternative manufacturers or enter into favorable agreements with them, nor can we be certain that any such third-parties will have the manufacturing capacity to meet future requirements. If these manufacturers, or any alternate manufacturer, experience any significant difficulties in their respective manufacturing processes for our electrotherapy products, or should these manufacturers cease doing business with us, we could experience significant interruptions in the supply of our electrotherapy products or may not be able to create a supply of our electrotherapy products at all. Were we to encounter manufacturing issues, our ability to produce a sufficient supply of our electrotherapy products might be negatively affected. Our inability to coordinate the efforts of our third-party manufacturer, or the lack of capacity available at our third-party manufacturer, could impair our ability to supply our electrotherapy products at required levels.

We cannot guarantee our manufacturing and assembly partners will be able to manufacture our electrotherapy products at commercial scale on a cost-effective basis. If the commercial-scale manufacturing costs of our electrotherapy products are higher than expected, these costs may significantly impact our operating results.

Disruption of our supply chain could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Our ability to make, move, and sell our products is critical to our success. Damage or disruption to our supply chain, including third-party manufacturing, assembly or transportation and distribution capabilities, due to weather, including any potential effects of climate change, natural disaster, fire or explosion, terrorism, pandemics (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), strikes, government action, or other reasons beyond our control or the control of our suppliers and business partners, could impair our ability to manufacture or sell our products. Failure to take adequate steps to mitigate the likelihood or potential impact of such events, or to effectively manage such events if they occur, particularly when a product is sourced from a single supplier or location, could adversely affect our business or financial results. In addition, disputes with significant suppliers, including disputes regarding pricing or performance, could adversely affect our ability to supply products to our customers and could materially and adversely affect our product sales, financial condition, and results of operations.

Inflation and price fluctuations of raw materials, energy and other inputs could adversely affect our business. As a manufacturer, our sales and profitability are dependent on the availability and cost of raw materials and labor and other inputs, including energy. All of the raw materials we use are purchased from third parties. Prices for these raw materials are subject to substantial fluctuations that are beyond our control due to factors such as changing economic conditions, pandemics, such as COVID-19, currency and commodity price fluctuations, resource availability, transportation costs, weather conditions and natural disasters, geopolitical risks, including war (such as the Russia-Ukraine conflict) and instability, and other factors impacting supply and demand pressures.

While we have largely been able to successfully manage through these supply disruptions and related price volatility, there is no assurance we will be able to successfully navigate through any ongoing and future disruptions. Increases in costs and disruptions in supply can have an adverse effect on our business and financial results. Although we seek to mitigate these risks through various strategies, including by entering into contracts with certain customers which permit certain price adjustments to reflect increased raw material costs or by otherwise seeking to increase our prices to offset increases in raw material costs and seeking alternative sources of supply for key raw materials, there is no guarantee that we will be able to anticipate or mitigate commodity and input price movements or mitigate supply disruptions. In addition, there may be delays in adjusting prices to correspond with underlying raw material costs and corresponding impacts on our working capital and any failure to anticipate or mitigate against such movements could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows, which effect may be material.

We are currently operating in a period of economic uncertainty, which has been significantly impacted by geopolitical instability due to the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and in the Middle East and heightened tensions resulting from recent attacks on shipping vessels in the Red Sea. Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected by any negative impact on the global economy from any geopolitical tensions.

Although our business has not been materially impacted by the ongoing military conflicts to date, it is impossible to predict the extent to which our operations, or those of our suppliers and manufacturers, will be impacted in the short and long term, or the ways in which the conflict may impact our business. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial. Any such disruptions may also magnify the impact of other risks described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

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We face risks related to health epidemics and other widespread outbreaks of contagious disease, which could significantly disrupt our manufacturing and impact our operating results. Significant outbreaks of contagious diseases, and other adverse public health developments, could have a material impact on our business operations and operating results. We have implemented guidelines and redundancies to promote employee health and wellness in order to meet our obligations as a manufacturer and infrastructure provider. If our employee health and wellness activities are not fully successful, it could have a material effect on our ability to manufacture products in required quantities. We are closely monitoring the developments and continually assessing the potential impact on our business. Any prolonged disruption to our suppliers, our manufacturing, or our customers could negatively impact our sales, operating results, collection of receivables, and valuation of inventory.

Any current or future outbreak of a health epidemic or other adverse public health developments could disrupt our manufacturing and supply chain, and adversely affect our business and operating results. Our business could be adversely affected by the effects of health epidemics. For example, our materials suppliers could be disrupted by conditions related to epidemics, possibly resulting in disruption to our supply chain. If our suppliers are unable or fail to fulfill their obligations to us for any reason, we may not be able to manufacture our products and satisfy customer demand or our obligations under sales agreements in a timely manner, and our business could be harmed as a result. In addition, a significant health epidemic could adversely affect the economies and financial markets of many countries, resulting in an economic downturn that could affect demand for our products, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

We have a history of losses, and we may not sustain profitability in the future. Although we had net income in fiscal year 2021, we have incurred net losses for 13 of the 14 previous fiscal years. We cannot predict when we will again achieve profitable operations or that we will not require additional financing to fulfill our business objectives. We may not be able to increase revenue in future periods, and our revenue could decline or grow more slowly than we expect. We may incur significant losses in the future for many reasons, including due to the risks described in this report.

We have incurred and may in the future incur non-cash impairment charges. In the future we may incur additional non-cash impairment charges if there is a sustained decline in our stock price, adverse changes in our projected cash flows, or changes in key assumptions, including but not limited to lower revenue growth, lower operating margins, or a lower terminal growth rate. Such events or changes may require us to conduct additional impairment testing of our goodwill, intangible assets, and long-lived assets, potentially resulting in further non-cash impairment charges. Any such charges would likely have a material adverse effect on our consolidated statements of operations and consolidated balance sheets in the reporting period in which they are recorded.

We may need additional funding and may be unable to raise additional capital when needed, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. In the future, we may require additional capital to pursue business opportunities or acquisitions or respond to challenges and unforeseen circumstances. We may also decide to engage in equity or debt financings or enter into credit facilities for other reasons. We may not be able to secure additional debt or equity financing in a timely manner, on favorable terms, or at all. Any debt financing obtained by us in the future could involve restrictive covenants relating to our capital raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities, including potential acquisitions. Failure to obtain additional financing when needed or on acceptable terms would have a material adverse effect on our business operations.

Our inability to successfully manage growth through acquisitions, and the integration of acquired businesses, products or technologies may present significant challenges and could harm our operating results. Our business plan includes the acquisition of other businesses, products, and technologies. In the future we expect to acquire or invest in businesses, products or technologies that we believe could complement our existing product lines, expand our customer base and operations, and enhance our technical capabilities or otherwise offer growth or cost-saving opportunities. As we grow through acquisitions, we face additional challenges of integrating the operations, personnel, culture, information management systems and other characteristics of the acquired entity with our own. Efforts to integrate future acquisitions may be hampered by delays, the loss of certain employees, changes in management, suppliers or customers, proceedings resulting from employment terminations, culture clashes, unbudgeted costs, and other issues, which may occur at levels that are more severe or prolonged than anticipated. If we identify an appropriate acquisition candidate, we may not be successful in negotiating favorable terms of the acquisition, financing the acquisition or effectively integrating the acquired business, product or technology into our existing business and operations. Our due diligence may fail to identify all of the problems, liabilities or other shortcomings or challenges of an acquired business, product or technology, including issues related to intellectual property, product quality or product architecture, regulatory compliance practices, revenue recognition or other accounting practices, or employee or customer issues.

We have incurred, and will likely continue to incur, expenses in connection with negotiating and consummating acquisitions. We may not achieve the synergies or other benefits we expected to achieve. And we may incur write-downs, impairment charges or unforeseen liabilities, all of which could negatively affect our operating results or financial position or could otherwise harm our business. If we finance acquisitions by issuing convertible debt or equity securities, the ownership interest of our existing shareholders may be significantly diluted, which could adversely affect the market price of our stock. Further, contemplating, investigating, negotiating or completing an acquisition and integrating an acquired business, product or technology could divert management and employee time and resources from other matters that are important to our existing business.

If we fail to establish new sales and distribution relationships or maintain our existing relationships, or if our third party distributors and dealers fail to commit sufficient time and effort or are otherwise ineffective in selling our products, our results of operations and future growth could be adversely impacted. The sale and distribution of certain of our products depend, in part, on our relationships with a network of third-party distributors and dealers. These third-party distributors and dealers maintain the customer relationships with the hospitals, clinics, orthopedists, physical therapists and other healthcare professionals that purchase, use and recommend the use of our products. Although our internal sales staff trains and manages these third-party distributors and dealers, we do not control or directly monitor the efforts that they make to sell our products. In addition, some of the dealers that we use to sell our products also sell products that directly compete with our core product offerings. These dealers may not dedicate the necessary effort to market and sell our products. If we fail to attract and maintain relationships with third-party distributors and dealers or fail to adequately train and monitor the efforts of the third-party distributors and dealers that market and sell our products, or if our existing third-party distributors and dealers choose not to carry our products, our results of operations and future growth could be adversely affected.

Healthcare reform in the United States has had and is expected to continue to have a significant effect on our business and on our ability to expand and grow our business. The Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, significantly expanded health insurance coverage to uninsured Americans and changed the way health care is financed by both governmental and private payers. These provisions may be modified, repealed, or otherwise invalidated, in whole or in part. Future rulemaking could affect rebates, prices or the rate of price increases for health care products and services, or required reporting and disclosure. We cannot predict the timing or impact of any future rulemaking or changes in the law.

Our products are regulated by numerous government agencies, both inside and outside the United States. The impact of this factor on us is direct, to the extent we are subject to these laws and regulations, and indirect in that in a number of situations, even though we may not be directly regulated by specific healthcare laws and regulations, our products must be capable of being used by our customers in a manner that complies with those laws and regulations. The manufacture, distribution, marketing, and use of some of our products are subject to extensive regulation and increased scrutiny by the FDA and other regulatory authorities globally. Any new Class II product must undergo lengthy and rigorous testing and other extensive, costly and time-consuming procedures mandated by the FDA and foreign regulatory authorities. Changes to current Class II products may be subject to vigorous review, including additional 510(k) and other regulatory submissions, and marketing clearances are not certain. Our facilities must be registered prior to production and remain subject to inspection from time to time thereafter. Failure to comply with the requirements of the FDA or other regulatory authorities, including a failed inspection or a failure in our adverse event reporting system, could result in adverse inspection reports, warning letters, product recalls or seizures, monetary sanctions, injunctions to halt the manufacture and distribution of products, civil or criminal sanctions, refusal of a government to grant approvals or licenses, restrictions on operations or withdrawal of existing approvals and licenses. Any of these actions could cause a loss of customer confidence in us and our products, which could adversely affect our sales. The requirements of regulatory authorities, including interpretative guidance, are subject to change and compliance with additional or changing requirements or interpretative guidance may subject us or our products to further review, result in product launch delays or otherwise increase our costs. 

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Changing market patterns may affect demand for our products. Increasingly, medical markets are moving toward evidence-based practices. Such a move could shrink demand for products we offer if it is deemed there is inadequate evidence to support the efficacy of the products. Likewise, to achieve market acceptance in such environments may require expenditure of funds to do clinical research that may or may not prove adequate efficacy to satisfy all customers.

The cost of healthcare has risen significantly over the past decade and numerous initiatives and reforms initiated by legislators, regulators and third-party payers to curb these costs have resulted in a consolidation trend in the restorative products industry as well as among our customers, including healthcare providers. These conditions could result in greater pricing pressures and limitations on our ability to sell to important market segments, such as group purchasing organizations, integrated delivery networks and large single accounts. We expect that market demand, government regulation, third-party reimbursement policies and societal pressures will continue to change the worldwide healthcare industry, resulting in further business consolidations and alliances which may exert further downward pressure on the prices of our products and adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The sale, marketing, and pricing of our products, and relationships with healthcare providers are under increased scrutiny by federal, state, and foreign government agencies. Compliance with anti-kickback statutes, false claims laws, the FD&C Act (including as these laws relate to off-label promotion of products), and other healthcare related laws, as well as competition, data and patient privacy, and export and import laws, is under increased focus by the agencies charged with overseeing such activities, including the FDA, the Office of Inspector General ("OIG"), the Department of Justice ("DOJ") and the FTC. The DOJ and the SEC have increased their focus on the enforcement of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ("FCPA") described below under "Our commercial activities internationally are subject to special risks associated with doing business in environments that present a heightened corruption and trade sanctions risk." The laws and standards governing the promotion, sale, and reimbursement related to our products and laws and regulations governing our relationships with healthcare providers and governments can be complicated, are subject to frequent change and may be violated unknowingly. Violations or allegations of violations of these laws may result in large civil and criminal penalties, debarment from participating in government programs, diversion of management time, attention and resources and may otherwise have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In the event of a violation, or the allegation of a violation of these laws, we may incur substantial costs associated with compliance or to alter one or more of our sales and marketing practices and we may be subject to enforcement actions which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our commercial activities internationally are subject to special risks associated with doing business in environments and jurisdictions that present a heightened corruption and trade sanctions risk. We operate our business and market and sell products internationally, including in countries in Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East, which may be considered business environments that pose a relatively higher risk of corruption than the United States, and therefore present greater political, economic and operational risk to us, including an increased risk of trade sanction violations. In addition, there are numerous risks inherent in conducting our business internationally, including, but not limited to, potential instability in international markets, changes in regulatory requirements applicable to international operations, currency fluctuations in foreign countries, political, economic and social conditions in foreign countries and complex U.S. and foreign laws and treaties, including tax laws, the FCPA, and the Bribery Act of 2010 ("U.K. Anti-Bribery Act"). The FCPA prohibits U.S.-based companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. The FCPA also imposes recordkeeping and internal controls requirements on public companies in the U.S. The U.K. Anti-Bribery Act prohibits both domestic and international bribery as well as bribery across both public and private sectors. In recent years, the number of investigations and other enforcement activities under these laws has increased. As we expand our business to include pursuit of opportunities in certain parts of the world that experience government corruption, in certain circumstances compliance with anti-bribery laws may conflict with local customs and practices. Our policies mandate compliance with all applicable anti-bribery laws. Further, we require our partners, subcontractors, agents and others who work for us or on our behalf to comply with these and other anti-bribery laws. If we fail to enforce our policies and procedures properly or maintain adequate record-keeping and internal accounting practices to accurately record our transactions, we may be subject to regulatory sanctions. In the event that we believe or have reason to believe that our employees have or may have violated applicable anti-corruption laws, including the FCPA, trade sanctions or other laws or regulations, we are required to investigate or have outside counsel investigate the relevant facts and circumstances, and if violations are found or suspected, could face civil and criminal penalties, and significant costs for investigations, litigation, settlements and judgments, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business.

If significant tariffs or other restrictions are placed on imports or any related counter-measures are taken by foreign countries, our revenue and results of operations may be materially harmed. Potential changes in international trade relations between the United States and other countries could have a material adverse effect on our business. There is currently significant uncertainty about the future relationship between the United States and various other countries, with respect to trade policies, treaties, government regulations and tariffs. The U.S. government has adopted a new approach to trade policy including in some cases to renegotiate, or potentially terminate, certain existing bilateral or multi-lateral trade agreements. The U.S. government has also imposed tariffs on certain foreign goods. These measures may materially increase costs for goods imported into the United States. This in turn could require us to materially increase prices to our customers which may reduce demand, or, if we are unable to increase prices to adequately address any tariffs, quotas or duties result in lowering our margin on products sold. Changes in U.S. trade policy have resulted in, and could result in more, U.S. trading partners adopting responsive trade policies, including imposition of increased tariffs, quotas or duties, making it more difficult or costly for us to export our products to those countries. The implementation of a border tax, tariff or higher customs duties on our products manufactured abroad or components that we import into the U.S., or any potential corresponding actions by other countries in which we do business, could negatively impact our financial performance.

If we fail to obtain regulatory approval in foreign jurisdictions, then we cannot market our products in those jurisdictions. We sell some of our products in foreign jurisdictions. Many foreign countries in which we market or may market our products have regulatory bodies and restrictions similar to those of the FDA. International sales are subject to foreign government regulation, the requirements of which vary substantially from country to country. The time required to obtain approval by a foreign country may be longer or shorter than that required for FDA clearance and the requirements may differ. As an example, companies are now required to obtain a CE Mark, which shows conformance with the requirements of applicable European Conformity directives, prior to the sale of some medical devices within the European Union. Some of our current products that require CE Markings have them and it is anticipated that additional and future products may require them as well. We may be required to conduct additional testing or to provide additional information, resulting in additional expenses, to obtain necessary approvals. If we fail to obtain approval in such foreign jurisdictions, we would not be able to sell our products in such jurisdictions, thereby reducing the potential revenue from the sale of our products. 

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We store, process, and use data, some of which contain personal information and are subject to complex and evolving laws and regulations regarding privacy, data protection and other matters, which are subject to change. Some of the data we store, process, and use, contains personal information, subjecting us to a variety of laws and regulations in the United States and other countries with respect to privacy, rights of publicity, data protection, content, protection of minors, and consumer protection. These laws can be particularly restrictive. Both in the United States and abroad, these laws and regulations are evolving and remain subject to change. Several proposals are pending before federal, state and foreign legislative and regulatory bodies that could significantly affect our business. A number of states have enacted laws or are considering the enactment of laws governing the release of credit card or other personal information received from consumers:

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California has enacted legislation, the California Consumer Privacy Act ("CCPA") that, among other things, requires covered companies to provide new disclosures to California consumers, and afford such consumers new abilities to opt-out of certain sales of personal information. The CCPA went into effect on January 1, 2020.

 

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The EU General Data Protection Regulation ("GDPR"), effective May 2018, establishes new requirements applicable to the processing of personal data (i.e., data which identifies an individual or from which an individual is identifiable), affords new data protection rights to individuals, and imposes penalties for serious data breaches. Individuals also have a right to compensation under GDPR for financial or non-financial losses. GDPR has imposed additional responsibility and liability in relation to our processing of personal data in the EU. GDPR has also required us to change our various policies and procedures in the EU and, if we are not compliant, could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

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Canada's Personal Information and Protection of Electronic Documents Act provides Canadian residents with privacy protections in regard to transactions with businesses and organizations in the private sector and sets out ground rules for how private sector organizations may collect, use, and disclose personal information in the course of commercial activities.

 

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In November 2016, the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress passed its Cybersecurity Law ("CSL"), which took effect in June 2017. The CSL is the first Chinese law that systematically lays out regulatory requirements on cybersecurity and data protection, subjecting many previously under-regulated or unregulated activities in cyberspace to government scrutiny.

The costs of compliance with, and other burdens imposed by, the GDPR, CSL and related laws may limit the use and adoption of our products and services and could have an adverse impact on our business, operating results and financial condition. Foreign governments also may attempt to apply such laws extraterritorially or through treaties or other arrangements with U.S. governmental entities. In addition, the application and interpretation of these laws and regulations are often uncertain and could result in investigations, claims, changes to our business practices, increased cost of operations and declines in sales, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. We cannot assure you that the privacy policies and other statements regarding our practices will be found sufficient to protect us from liability or adverse publicity relating to the privacy and security of personal information. Whether and how existing local and international privacy and consumer protection laws in various jurisdictions apply to the internet and other online technologies is still uncertain and may take years to resolve. Privacy laws and regulations, if drafted or interpreted broadly, could be deemed to apply to the technology we use and could restrict our information collection methods or decrease the amount and utility of the information that we would be permitted to collect. A determination by a court or government agency of a failure, or perceived failure, by us, the third parties with whom we work or our products and services to protect employee, applicant, vendor, website visitor or customer personal data (including as a result of a breach by or of a third-party provider) or to comply with any privacy-related laws, government regulations or directives or industry self-regulatory principles or our posted privacy policies could result in damage to our reputation, legal proceedings or actions against us by governmental entities or otherwise, which could have an adverse effect on our business. In addition, concerns about our practices with regard to the collection, use, disclosure, or security of personally identifiable information or other privacy-related matters, even if unfounded and even if we are in compliance with applicable laws, could damage our reputation and harm our business. We have and post on our website our own privacy policy and cookie statement concerning the collection, use and disclosure of user personal data.

Market access could be a limiting factor in our growth. The emergence of GPO's that control a significant amount of product flow to hospitals and other acute care customers may limit our ability to grow in the acute care space. GPO's issue contracts to manufacturers approximately every three years through a bidding process. We have been relatively unsuccessful in landing any significant GPO contracts. The process for being placed on contract with a GPO is rigorous and non-transparent.

A significant percentage of our workforce is subject to a collective bargaining agreement. Approximately 40% of our workforce is subject to a collective bargaining agreement, which is subject to negotiation and renewal every three years. The current agreement is scheduled to expire in February 2028. Our inability to negotiate the renewal of this collective bargaining agreement, or any prolonged work stoppages, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. We cannot ensure that we will be successful in negotiating new collective bargaining agreements, that such negotiations will not result in significant increases in the cost of labor, or that a breakdown in such negotiations will not result in the disruption of our operations. In addition, employees who are not currently represented by labor unions may seek representation in the future. Although we have generally enjoyed good relations with both our union and non-union employees, if we are subject to labor actions, we may experience an adverse impact on our operating results.

We rely on a combination of patents, trade secrets, and nondisclosure and non-competition agreements to protect our proprietary intellectual property, and we will continue to do so. While we intend to defend against any threats to our intellectual property, these patents, trade secrets, or other agreements may not adequately protect our intellectual property. Third parties could obtain patents that may require us to negotiate licenses to conduct our business, and the required licenses may not be available on reasonable terms or at all. We also rely on nondisclosure and non-competition agreements with certain employees, consultants, and other parties to protect, in part, trade secrets and other proprietary rights. We cannot be certain that these agreements will not be breached, that we will have adequate remedies for any breach, that others will not independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary information, or that third parties will not otherwise gain access to our trade secrets or proprietary knowledge.

Certain of the products we sell are subject to market and technological obsolescence. We currently offer approximately 2,500 products or variations of products. If our customers discontinue purchasing a given product, we might have to record expense related to the diminution in value of inventories we have in stock, and depending on the magnitude, that expense could adversely impact our operating results. From time to time, our customers discontinue purchasing our products and may do so at any time. We may be unable to effectively develop and market products against the products of our competitors in a highly competitive industry. Our present or future products could be rendered obsolete or uneconomical by technological advances by our competitors. Competitive factors include price, customer service, technology, innovation, quality, reputation and reliability. Our competition may respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies, undertake more extensive marketing campaigns, have greater financial, marketing and other resources than us or be more successful in attracting potential customers, employees and strategic partners. Given these factors, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to continue our level of success in the industry. 

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We are dependent on a limited number of third-party suppliers for components and raw materials and the loss of any of these suppliers, or their inability to provide us with an adequate supply of materials that meet our quality and other requirements, could harm our business. We rely on third-party suppliers to provide components for our products, manufacture products that we do not manufacture ourselves and perform services that we do not provide ourselves, including package-delivery services. Because these suppliers are independent third parties with their own financial objectives, actions taken by them could have a materially adverse effect on our results of operations. The risks of relying on suppliers include our inability to enter into contracts with such suppliers on reasonable terms, breach, or termination by suppliers of their contractual obligations, inconsistent or inadequate quality control, relocation of supplier facilities, and disruption to suppliers' business, including work stoppages, suppliers' failure to comply with complex and changing regulations, and third-party financial failure. Any problems with our suppliers and associated disruptions to our supply chain could materially negatively impact our ability to supply the market, substantially decrease sales, lead to higher costs, or damage our reputation with our customers, and any longer-term disruptions could potentially result in the permanent loss of our customers, which could reduce our recurring revenues and long-term profitability. Disruption to our supply chain could occur as a result of any number of events, including, but not limited to, increases in wages that drive up prices; the imposition of regulations, trade protection measures, tariffs, duties, import/export restrictions, quotas or embargoes on key components; labor stoppages; transportation failures affecting the supply and shipment of materials and finished goods; the unavailability of raw materials; severe weather conditions; natural disasters; civil unrest, geopolitical developments, war or terrorism; computer viruses, physical or electronic breaches, or other information system disruptions or security breaches; and disruptions in utility and other services.

We may be adversely affected by product liability claims, unfavorable court decisions or legal settlements. Our business exposes us to potential product liability risks that are inherent in the design, manufacture and marketing of medical devices. We maintain product liability insurance coverage which we deem to be adequate based on historical experience; however, there can be no assurance that coverage will be available for such risks in the future or that, if available, it would prove sufficient to cover potential claims or that the present amount of insurance can be maintained in force at an acceptable cost. In addition, we may incur significant legal expenses regardless of whether we are found to be liable. Furthermore, the assertion of such claims, regardless of their merit or eventual outcome, also may have a material adverse effect on our business reputation and results of operations.

Intellectual property litigation and infringement claims could cause us to incur significant expenses or prevent us from selling certain of our products. The medical device industry is characterized by extensive intellectual property litigation and, from time to time, we are the subject of claims by third parties of potential infringement or misappropriation. Regardless of outcome, such claims are expensive to defend and divert the time and effort of management and operating personnel from other business issues. A successful claim or claims of patent or other intellectual property infringement against us could result in our payment of significant monetary damages and/or royalty payments or negatively impact our ability to sell current or future products in the affected category.

Covenants in our loan documents may restrict our business and operations and if we cannot satisfy our covenants, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. On August 1, 2023, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the "Loan Agreement") with Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC ("Lender"), to provide asset-based financing to be used for operating capital. Amounts available under the Loan Agreement are subject to a borrowing base calculation of up to a maximum availability of $7,500,000. The Loan Agreement contains certain affirmative, operating and financial covenants. These covenants could adversely affect our ability to operate our business, our liquidity or our results of operations. Our inability to comply with any of these covenants could result in a default, which could result in an increase to the applicable interest rate on all amounts borrowed, together with accrued interest and other fees, and could cause all amounts borrowed to become due and payable and could limit our ability to make future draws. If our indebtedness under the Loan Agreement were to be accelerated, we may not have sufficient cash available to repay the amounts due, and we may be forced to seek an amendment to the applicable loan terms or obtain alternative financing, which may not be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all. In addition, if we are unable to repay outstanding borrowings when due or upon an event of default, Lender would also have the right to proceed against the collateral granted to secure the indebtedness under the Loan Agreement. If Lender were to proceed against the collateral, any assets seized would no longer be available for use in our business, which would have a significant adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We operate in a highly competitive market segment, face competition from large, well-established medical device companies with significant resources, and may not be able to compete effectively. The market in which we operate is highly competitive, subject to rapid technological change and affected by new products and market activities of industry participants. Our competitors include large and well-capitalized companies such as Enovis and Ossur. Several of our competitors enjoy competitive advantages over us, including:

●	more established relationships with customers, distribution networks and healthcare payers;
●	broader product offerings and intellectual property portfolios;
●	better name recognition, and more recognizable product trademarks;
●	greater resources for product research and development, clinical data, patent litigation, and launching, marketing, distributing and selling our products; and
●	greater experience in obtaining and maintaining FDA and other regulatory clearances or approvals for products and product enhancements.

Our current competitors or new industry participants may at any time develop alternative treatments, products or procedures that compete directly or indirectly with our products, including ones that may be superior to our products. Additionally, our competitors have and may in the future consolidate or acquire one or more of our customers or our customers may and have acquire(d) one of our competitors. For these reasons, we may not be able to compete successfully against our existing or future competitors. The impacts from the actions of our competitors could lead us to further modify our strategy, lower our prices or increase our sales commissions, and could have a significant adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are dependent on our senior management team, sales and marketing team, engineering team and other qualified personnel, and the loss of any of them could harm our business. Our continued success depends in part upon the continued availability and contributions of our senior management, sales and marketing team, engineering team and other qualified personnel. We compete for personnel with other companies and organizations, many of which have greater name recognition and resources than we do. Changes to our senior management team, sales and marketing team and engineering team and/or our inability to attract or retain other qualified personnel could have a significant adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

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Failures in, material damage to, or interruptions in our information technology systems, software or websites, including as a result of cyber-attacks, and difficulties in updating our existing software or developing or implementing new software, could have a material adverse effect on our business or results of operations. We depend increasingly on our information technology systems in the conduct of our business. For example, we own, license or otherwise contract for sophisticated technology and systems to do business online with customers, including for order entry and fulfillment, processing and payment, product shipping and product returns. We also maintain internal and external communications, product inventory, supply, production and enterprise management, and personnel information on information systems. Our information systems are subject to damage or interruption from power outages, computer and telecommunications failures, computer viruses, security breaches and natural and man-made disasters. In particular, from time to time we and third parties who provide services for us experience cyber-attacks, attempted breaches of our or their information technology systems and networks or similar events, which could result in a loss of sensitive business or customer information, systems interruption or the disruption of our operations. The techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable or degrade service or sabotage systems change frequently and may be difficult to detect for long periods of time, and accordingly we may be unable to anticipate and prevent all data security incidents. Like many businesses, our systems come under frequent attack from third parties. We are required to expend capital and other resources to protect against such cyber-attacks and potential security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by such potential breaches or attacks. Despite the constant monitoring of our technology systems and hiring of specialized third parties to identify and address any vulnerabilities through implementation of multi-tiered network security measures, it is possible that computer programmers and hackers, or even internal users, may be able to penetrate, create systems disruptions or cause shutdowns of our network security or that of third-party companies with which we have contracted. As a result, we could experience significant disruptions of our operations and incur significant expenses addressing problems created by these breaches. Such unauthorized access could disrupt our business and could result in a loss of revenue or assets and any compromise of customer information could subject us to customer or government litigation and harm our reputation, which could adversely affect our business and growth. Although we maintain cyber liability insurance that provides liability and insurance coverages, subject to limitations and conditions of the policies, our insurance may not be sufficient to protect against all losses or costs related to any future breaches of our systems.

  Risks Related to Our Common Stock

A decline in the price of our common stock could affect our ability to raise working capital and adversely impact our operations. Our operating results, including components of operating results such as gross margin and cost of product sales, may fluctuate from time to time, and such fluctuations could adversely affect our stock price. Our operating results have fluctuated in the past and can be expected to fluctuate from time to time in the future. The market price for our common stock may also be affected by our ability to meet or exceed expectations of analysts or investors. Any failure to meet these expectations, even if minor, could materially adversely affect the market price of our common stock. A prolonged decline in the price of our common stock for any reason could result in a reduction in our ability to raise capital.

Our stock price has been volatile and we expect that it will continue to be volatile. For example, during the year ended June 30, 2025, the selling price of our common stock ranged from a high of $0.29 to a low of $0.06. The volatility of our stock price can be due to many factors, including:

●	quarterly variations in our operating results;

 

●	changes in the market's expectations about our operating results;

 

●	failure of our operating results to meet the expectation of securities analysts or investors in a particular period;

 

●	changes in financial estimates and recommendations by securities analysts concerning us or the healthcare industry in general;

 

●	strategic decisions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions, divestments, spin-offs, joint ventures, strategic investments or changes in business strategy;

 

●	operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors deem comparable to us;

 

●	news reports relating to trends in our markets;

 

●	changes in laws and regulations affecting our business;

 

●	material announcements by us or our competitors;

 

●	material announcements by the manufacturers and suppliers we use;

 

●	sales of substantial amounts of our common stock by our directors, executive officers or significant shareholders or the perception that such sales could occur; and

 

●	general economic and political conditions such as trade wars and tariffs, recession, and acts of war or terrorism.

Investors in our securities may experience substantial dilution upon the conversion of preferred stock to common, exercise of stock options and warrants, future issuances of stock, grants of restricted stock and the issuance of stock in connection with acquisitions of other companies. Our articles of incorporation authorize the issuance of up to 100,000,000 shares of common stock and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock. Our Board of Directors ("Board of Directors" or "Board") has the authority to issue additional shares of common and preferred stock up to the authorized capital stated in the articles of incorporation. The Board may choose to issue some or all of such shares of common or preferred stock to acquire one or more businesses or to provide additional financing in the future. As of June 30, 2025, we had outstanding a total of 1,992,000 shares of Series A 8% Convertible Preferred Stock (the "Series A Preferred"), and 1,359,000 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (the "Series B Preferred"). The Series A Preferred and Series B Preferred shares are convertible into a total of 670,200 shares of common stock. The conversion of these outstanding shares of preferred stock would result in substantial dilution to our common shareholders. In addition, from time to time, we have issued and we expect we will continue to issue stock options or restricted stock grants or similar awards to employees, officers, and directors pursuant to our equity incentive award plans. Investors in our equity securities may expect to experience dilution as these awards vest and are exercised by their holders and as the restrictions lapse on the restricted stock grants. We also may issue stock or stock purchase warrants for the purpose of raising capital to fund our growth initiatives, in connection with acquisitions of other companies, or in connection with the settlement of obligations or indebtedness, which would result in further dilution of existing shareholders. The issuance of any such shares of common or preferred stock may result in a reduction of the book value or market price of the outstanding shares of our common stock. If we do issue any such additional shares of common stock or securities convertible into or exercisable for the purchase of common stock, such issuance also will cause a reduction in the proportionate ownership and voting power of all other shareholders and may result in a change in control of the Company. 

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The stock markets (including the OTC Venture Market, on which our common stock is traded) have experienced significant price and volume fluctuations. As a result, the market price of our common stock could be similarly volatile, and investors in our common stock may experience a decrease in the value of their shares, including decreases unrelated to our financial condition, operating performance or prospects. The market price of our common stock could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to a number of factors, including strategic decisions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions, divestments, spin-offs, joint ventures, strategic investments or changes in business strategy.

We are able to issue shares of preferred stock with greater rights and preferences than our common stock. Our Board of Directors is authorized to issue one or more series of preferred stock from time to time without any action on the part of our shareholders. The Board also has the power, without shareholder approval, to set the terms of any such series of preferred stock that may be issued, including voting rights, dividend rights and preferences over our common stock with respect to dividends and other terms. If we issue additional preferred stock in the future that has a preference over our common stock with respect to the payment of dividends or other terms, or if we issue additional preferred stock with voting rights that dilute the voting power of our common stock, the rights of holders of our common stock or the market price of our common stock would be adversely affected.

The holders of the Series A and Series B Preferred are entitled to receive dividends on the Series A and Series B Preferred they hold and depending on whether these dividends are paid in cash or stock, the payment of such dividends will either decrease cash that is available to us to invest in our business or dilute the holdings of other shareholders. Our agreements with the holders of the Series A and Series B Preferred provide that they will receive quarterly dividends at 8%, subject to adjustment as provided in the applicable declarations of the rights and preferences of these series of preferred stock. The Company has historically, and presently intends to continue, paying the quarterly preferred dividends in shares of common stock, which has resulted in significant dilution to common shareholders to date and that at the current market price, such dividends will result in even more substantial dilution to the common shareholders. In fiscal year 2025, we issued approximately 3,500,000 shares for dividend payments with approximately 5,800,000 of shares outstanding to begin the year.

The concentration or potential concentration of equity ownership by Prettybrook Partners, LLC and its affiliates may limit your ability to influence corporate matters. As of June 30, 2025, Prettybrook Partners, LLC and its managing directors and affiliates (collectively "Prettybrook"), owned approximately 4,221,000 shares of common stock, 260,000 shares of Series A Preferred, and 40,000  shares of Series B Preferred. These securities represent approximately 31% of the voting power of our issued and outstanding equity securities. Under the terms of the Series A Preferred, by agreement with us and the remaining holders of the Series A Preferred, Prettybrook has the right to appoint up to three members of our Board of Directors (the "Preferred Directors") and has appointed a non-voting observer to the Board. This concentrated control could limit a shareholder's ability to influence corporate matters and, as a result, we may take actions that some of our shareholders do not view as beneficial. In addition, such concentrated control could discourage others from initiating changes of control. In such cases, the perception of our prospects in the market and the market price of our common stock may be adversely affected.

Sales of a large number of our securities, or the perception that such sales might occur, could depress the market price of our common stock. A substantial number of shares of our equity securities are eligible for immediate resale in the public market. Any sales of substantial amounts of our securities in the public market, or the perception that such sales might occur, could depress the market price of our common stock.

Our ability to issue preferred stock could delay or prevent takeover attempts. As of June 30, 2025, we had 3,351,000 shares of convertible preferred stock outstanding and our Board of Directors has the authority to cause us to issue, without any further vote or action by the shareholders, up to approximately 46,649,000 additional shares of preferred stock, no par value per share, in one or more series, and to designate the number of shares constituting any series, and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, voting rights, rights and terms of redemption, redemption price or prices and liquidation preferences of such series of preferred stock. In the event of issuance, the preferred stock could be used as a method of discouraging, delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control without further action by the shareholders, even where shareholders might be offered a premium for their shares. Although we have no present intention to issue any shares of our preferred stock, we may do so in the future under appropriate circumstances.

As of the open of business on July 9, 2024, our common stock ceased trading on the NASDAQ Capital Market and began trading on the OTCQB Venture Market (the "OTCQB"). This change could cause trading of our common stock could be more difficult because smaller quantities of shares would likely be bought and sold, transactions could be delayed, and we could face significant material adverse consequences, including: a limited availability of market quotations for our securities; reduced liquidity with respect to our securities; a determination that our shares are a "penny stock," which will require brokers trading in our securities to adhere to more stringent rules, possibly resulting in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our securities; a reduced amount of news and analyst coverage for our Company; and a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future. These factors could result in lower prices and larger spreads in the bid and ask prices for our common stock and would substantially impair our ability to raise additional funds and could result in a loss of institutional investor interest and fewer development opportunities for us.

In addition to the foregoing, the application of the "penny stock" rules could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and increase the transaction costs to sell those shares. The SEC has adopted regulations which generally define a "penny stock" as an equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to specific exemptions. The SEC's penny stock rules require a broker-dealer, before a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from the rules, to deliver a standardized risk disclosure document that provides information about penny stocks and the risks in the penny stock market. The broker-dealer must also provide the customer with current bid and offer quotations for the penny stock, the compensation of the broker-dealer and the salesperson in the transaction, and monthly account statements showing the market value of each penny stock held in the customer's account. In addition, the penny stock rules generally require that before a transaction in a penny stock occurs, the broker-dealer must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the purchaser's agreement to the transaction. If applicable in the future, these rules may restrict the ability of brokers-dealers to sell our common stock and may affect the ability of investors to sell their shares, until our common stock no longer is considered a penny stock.

We may pursue certain strategies that result in the deregistration of our common stock under the Exchange Act, which could negatively affect the liquidity and trading prices of our common stock and would result in less disclosure about the Company. We are considering various strategies to reduce expenses and provide greater flexibility to management to focus more of its time and the Company's resources on strengthening our core business, exploring strategic transactions, and pursuing our long-term objectives. Given the cost and resource demands of being a public company, such strategies include certain transactions that may result in the Company "going dark," or discontinuing our obligation to make periodic filings with the SEC, by deregistering our securities with the SEC.  While no decision has been made, should we ultimately pursue such a course, there would be a substantial decrease in disclosure by us of our operations and prospects, and a potential decrease in the liquidity in our common stock even though stockholders may still continue to trade our common stock on an over-the-counter market. As a result of going dark, investors may find it more difficult to dispose of or obtain accurate quotations as to the market value of our common stock, and the ability of our stockholders to sell our common stock in the secondary market may be materially limited.  Further, the market's interpretation of our motivation for going dark could vary from cost savings, to negative changes in our prospects, to serving insider interests, all of which may affect the overall price and liquidity of our common stock.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Not applicable.

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Item 1C. Cybersecurity

Failures in, material damage to, or interruptions in our information technology systems, including as a result of cyber-attacks, and difficulties in updating our existing software or developing or implementing new software, could have a material adverse effect on our business or results of operations. We depend increasingly on our information technology systems in the conduct of our business. For example, we own, license or otherwise contract for technology and systems to do business with customers, including for order entry and fulfillment, processing and payment, product shipping and product returns. We also maintain internal and external communications, product inventory, supply, production and enterprise management, and personnel information on information systems. Our information systems are subject to damage or interruption from power outages, computer and telecommunications failures, computer viruses, security breaches and natural and man-made disasters. In particular, from time to time we and third parties who provide services for us experience cyber-attacks, attempted breaches of our or their information technology systems and networks or similar events, which could result in a loss of sensitive business or customer information, systems interruption or the disruption of our operations. The techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable or degrade service or sabotage systems change frequently and may be difficult to detect for long periods of time, and accordingly we may be unable to anticipate and prevent all data security incidents. Like many businesses, our systems come under frequent attack from third parties. We are required to expend capital and other resources to protect against such cyber-attacks and potential security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by such potential breaches or attacks. Despite the constant monitoring of our technology systems and hiring of specialized third parties to identify and address any vulnerabilities through implementation of network security measures, it is possible that computer programmers and hackers, or even internal users, may be able to penetrate, create systems disruptions or cause shutdowns of our network security or that of third-party companies with which we have contracted. As a result, we could experience significant disruptions of our operations and incur significant expenses addressing problems created by these breaches. Such unauthorized access could disrupt our business and could result in a loss of revenue or assets and any compromise of customer information could subject us to customer or government litigation and harm our reputation, which could adversely affect our business and growth.

Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy

We have developed and implemented a cybersecurity risk management program intended to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our critical systems and information. Our cybersecurity risk management program utilizes the CIS Critical Security Controls framework, as a guide to help identify, assess, and manage cybersecurity risks relevant to our business. This does not imply that we meet any particular technical standards, specifications, or requirements.

Our cybersecurity risk management program includes the following key elements, among others:

• risk assessments designed to help identify material cybersecurity risks to our critical systems and information;
• a team comprised of IT personnel responsible for directing (1) our cybersecurity risk assessment processes, (2) our security processes, and (3) our response to cybersecurity incidents;
• the periodic use of external cybersecurity service providers, where appropriate, to assess, test or otherwise assist with aspects of our security processes;
• cybersecurity awareness training; and
• a cybersecurity incident response plan to respond to cybersecurity incidents.

We have not identified risks from known cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any prior cybersecurity incidents, that have materially affected us, including our operations, business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. We face certain ongoing risks from cybersecurity threats that, if realized, are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our operations, business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition.

Cybersecurity Governance

 

Our Board considers cybersecurity risk as critical to the enterprise and delegates the cybersecurity risk oversight function to the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee oversees management's design, implementation and enforcement of our cybersecurity risk management program. The Audit Committee receives reports from our Chief Information Officer. Our Chief Information Officer, who works closely with and supervises our IT team, has overall responsibility for assessing and managing any material risks from cybersecurity threats.

 

Item 2. Properties

We lease a 57,000 square-foot manufacturing, warehouse, and office facility in Eagan, Minnesota, which houses our corporate headquarters and principal executive offices. Lease payments are $40,000 per month. The original term of the lease is for thirty nine months, commencing in April 2025. The lease is subject to 4% increases each subsequent year. The lease also includes a renewal option for an additional 36 months at Market Rate. We believe that the terms of the agreement are commercially reasonable for the market in which the facility is located.

We lease a 60,000 square-foot manufacturing and office facility in Northvale, New Jersey to house our Hausmann Enterprises, LLC operations. The initial two-year term of this lease commenced in April 2017, with monthly lease payments of $30,000 for the first year and 2% increases in each subsequent year. The lease provides for two options to extend the term of the lease for two years per extension term, subject to annual 2% per year increases in base rent, and a third extension option at the end of the second option term for an additional five years at fair market value. We have exercised options to extend the term of the lease through March 2028, with monthly lease payments of $60,000 for the first year, 2% increases each subsequent year, and monthly solar payments that total approximately $9,000 per year starting July 2023. The landlord is a stockholder and the previous owner of the assets and operations acquired in 2017. The lease was negotiated at arms' length as part of the Hausmann acquisition. We believe that the terms of the agreement are commercially reasonable for the market in which the facility is located.

We lease a 36,000 square-foot manufacturing, warehouse, and office facility in Cottonwood Heights, Utah. We sold the building in August 2014, and now lease it back from the purchaser. The monthly lease payment is approximately $32,000 and the lease terminates in 2029. We account for the lease-back agreement as a finance lease which results in depreciation and implied interest expense each period, offset by an amortized gain on the sale of the property. Overall the net monthly occupancy cost of this lease is $40,000.

We believe the facilities described above are adequate for our current needs and that they will accommodate our presently expected growth and operating needs. As our business continues to grow, additional facilities or the expansion of existing facilities may be required.

We also own computer equipment, and equipment used in the manufacture and assembly of our products. The nature of this equipment is not specialized and replacements may be readily obtained from any of a number of suppliers.

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Item 3. Legal Proceedings

There are no pending legal proceedings of a material nature to which we are a party or to which any of our property is the subject.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

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PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Market Information

As discussed previously, since the open of business on July 9, 2024 our common stock has been quoted on the OTCQB (symbol: DYNT). Previous to such time, our common stock was traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market. The following table shows the range of high and low sales prices for our common stock as quoted on the OTCQB and NASDAQ systems for the quarterly periods indicated:

Fiscal Year Ended June 30,		2025						2024
		High			Low			High			Low
1st Quarter (July-September)	$	0.29		$	0.11		$	0.91		$	0.69
2nd Quarter (October-December)	$	0.20		$	0.08		$	0.78		$	0.47
3rd Quarter (January-March)	$	0.19		$	0.10		$	0.73		$	0.42
4th Quarter (April-June)	$	0.17		$	0.06		$	0.65		$	0.25

Outstanding Common Shares and Number of Shareholders

As of October 6, 2025, we had approximately 16,001,331 shares of common stock issued and outstanding and approximately 387 shareholders of record, not including shareholders whose shares are held in "nominee" or "street" name by a bank, broker or other holder of record.

Dividends

We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock. Our anticipated capital requirements are such that we intend to follow a policy of retaining earnings, if any, in order to finance the development of the business.

As of October 6, 2025, we had outstanding 1,992,000 shares of Series A Preferred and 1,359,000 shares of Series B Preferred. These series of preferred stock have rights and preferences that rank senior to or in certain circumstances, on par with, our common stock. The declarations of the rights and preferences of these series of preferred stock contain covenants that prohibit us from declaring and distributing dividends on our common stock without first making all distributions that are due to any senior securities. Dividends payable on the Series A and the Series B Preferred accrue at the rate of 8% per year and are payable quarterly. We may, at our option under certain circumstances, make distributions of these dividends in cash or in shares of common stock. When possible, we pay dividends on the Series A and Series B Preferred in shares of common stock. The formula for paying these dividends in common stock can change the effective yield on the dividend to more or less than 8% depending on the market price of the common stock at the time of issuance.

Sales of Equity Securities

We did not sell any shares of common stock during the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Purchases of Equity Securities

We did not purchase any shares of common stock during the year ended June 30, 2025 or in the prior 13 fiscal years.

Item 6. [Reserved]

Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion contains assumptions, estimates and other forward-looking statements that involve a number of risks and uncertainties, including those discussed under the heading "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements," on page 1 of this Form 10-K, "Risk Factors" (Part I, Item 1A of this Form 10-K) and elsewhere in this Form 10-K. These risks could cause our actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes thereto, which are included in Part II, Item 8 of this report. In the following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, we have rounded many numbers to the nearest one thousand dollars. These numbers should be read as approximate.

Overview

We design, manufacture, and sell a broad range of restorative products for clinical use in physical therapy, rehabilitation, orthopedics, pain management, and athletic training. Through our distribution channels, we market and sell to orthopedists, physical therapists, chiropractors, athletic trainers, sports medicine practitioners, clinics, and hospitals.

Results of Operations

Fiscal Year 2025 Compared to Fiscal Year 2024

Net Sales

Net sales in fiscal year 2025 decreased $5,141,000 or 15.8%, to $27,393,000, compared to net sales of $32,534,000 in fiscal year 2024. The year-over-year decrease is primarily attributable to a reduction in overall volume for OEM customers and a general reduction in demand for the orthopedic soft bracing product category. 

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Gross Profit

Gross profit for the year ended June 30, 2025 decreased $1,624,000 or 21.3%, to $6,011,000 or 21.9% of net sales. By comparison, gross profit for the year ended June 30, 2024 was $7,635,000, or 23.5% of net sales. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net sales was driven by the reduction in net sales we previously discussed.

Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general, and administrative ("SG&A") expenses decreased $1,444,000, or 14.6%, to $8,464,000 for the year ended June 30, 2025, compared to $9,908,000 for the year ended June 30, 2024. The decrease in SG&A was driven primarily by a reduction in salaries and benefits and a reduction in other professional expenses.

Interest Expense, net

Interest expense, net decreased approximately $8,000, or 1.9%, to $410,000 for the year ended June 30, 2025, compared to $418,000 for the year ended June 30, 2024. The decrease in interest expense is primarily due to a lower average outstanding balance on our line of credit during the current period compared to the prior year.

Intangible Assets Impairment

During the annual assessment period, we recorded an impairment charge of $950,000 related to intangible assets for the year ended June 30, 2025 as the carrying value of certain assets was not recoverable. No impairment charge was recorded for the year ended June 30, 2024.

Goodwill Impairment

During the annual assessment period, we determined the carrying value of  the Company's subsidiaries exceeded its estimated fair value. Accordingly, a goodwill impairment charge of $7,117,000 was recorded for the year ended June 30, 2025. No impairment charge was recorded for the year ended June 30, 2024.

Other Income (Expense), net

Other income, net increased approximately $47,000 to $41,000 for the year ended June 30, 2025, compared to other expense, net of $6,000 for the year ended June 30, 2024.

Loss Before Income Taxes

Pre-tax loss for the year ended June 30, 2025 was $10,889,000 compared to a loss of $2,698,000 for the year ended June 30, 2024. The change was primarily attributable to a decrease of $1,624,000 in gross profit, offset by a decrease of $1,444,000 in SG&A, an increase of $47,000 in other income (expense), net, a decrease in interest expense, net of $8,000, and the effects of $950,000 in intangible impairment charges and $7,117,000 in goodwill impairment charges and.

Net Loss

Net loss for the year ended June 30, 2025 was $10,902,000 compared to a net loss of $2,698,000 for the year ended June 30, 2024. The reasons for the change in net loss are the same as those given under the headings Loss Before Income Taxes in this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A").

Net Loss Attributable to Common Stockholders

Net loss attributable to common stockholders was $11,604,000 ($1.43 per share) for the year ended June 30, 2025, compared to a net loss of $3,429,000 ($1.00 per share) for the year ended June 30, 2024. The change for the year is due primarily to a $8,175,000 increase in net loss, partially offset by a $29,000 increase in deemed dividends on convertible preferred stock and accretion of discounts.

Liquidity, Going Concern and Capital Resources

We have historically financed operations through cash from operating activities, available cash reserves, draws against the line of credit, and proceeds from the sale of our equity securities. As of June 30, 2025, we had $326,000 in cash and cash equivalents, compared to $484,000 as of June 30, 2024.

Working capital was $718,000 as of June 30, 2025, compared to working capital of $2,853,000 as of June 30, 2024. The current ratio was 1.1 to 1 as of June 30, 2025 and 1.4 to 1 as of June 30, 2024. Current assets were 58.0% of total assets as of June 30, 2025, and 40.7% of total assets as of June 30, 2024. The increase of 17.3% is largely attributable to non-cash intangible asset and goodwill impairment charges recorded as of June 30, 2025. These factors raised substantial doubt regarding the Company's ability to continue as a going concern as of June 30, 2025.

The Company has incurred significant recurring operating losses primarily driven by a continuous decline in revenues, recurring negative cash flows, and continued reduction in liquidity. The Company reported operating losses of $2,453,000 and $2,273,000 for the years ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. These events have raised substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. The Company is in the process of creating a comprehensive plan to address these challenges to improve performance, including cost reduction initiatives, streamlining operational processes, pursuing new revenue streams through product diversification, and transitioning production of the majority of our therapeutic modalities from a contract manufacturer to internal operations. This shift to in-house production aims to reduce costs by eliminating third-party markups, enhance quality control with direct oversight of manufacturing processes, and improve supply chain reliability to mitigate risks of disruptions. The Company is also evaluating the current inventory position and working to reduce the amount of excess inventory exposure by promoting discounted prices to convert the excess inventory to cash. The Company will continue to look to add to its sales efforts to further improve revenue, consider additional options to improve operating efficiency, and enhance liquidity. The Company believes that if it successfully implements the foregoing strategic actions, it has a chance to mitigate the factors giving rise to substantial doubt; however, there is no guarantee that it will successfully implement these strategic actions. As a result, substantial doubt remains regarding the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.

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In addition to the foregoing, recent tariff changes imposed by the U.S. and China have created increased risks and uncertainties surrounding the Company's future results of operations. The impact of tariffs in the first quarter of 2025 was not material. However, should universal tariffs be implemented as initially announced in April 2025, the Company anticipates a significant adverse impact on its future costs of revenue, which will impact its results of operations. Particularly, the U.S. import tariffs and the reciprocal measures by China, are expected to increase the Company's cost of goods sold. The Company anticipates that some of its suppliers will incur incremental tariff-related costs, which may be passed on to the Company. The extent and duration of the tariffs and the resulting impact on general economic conditions and on the business are uncertain and are expected to be impacted by various factors, such as negotiations between the U.S. and affected countries, the responses of other countries or regions, exemptions or exclusions that already exist or may be granted, availability and cost of alternative sources of the products and materials, and the Company's ability to offset the effects of any tariffs that might be imposed.  In response to these risks and uncertainties, the Company has taken affirmative steps to stock adequate inventory of certain key products and components to service immediate orders and is proactively working with its suppliers to mitigate potential tariff-related costs.

Moreover, the continuing effects of uncertainties in the broader economic environment on the global supply chain, higher personnel costs, and changes to customer or product mix, could have an adverse effect on our liquidity and cash and we continue to evaluate and take action, as necessary, to preserve adequate liquidity and ensure that our business can continue to operate during these uncertain times. Additionally, we operate in a rapidly evolving and unpredictable business environment that may change the timing or amount of expected future cash receipts and expenditures. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that we will not be required to raise additional funds through the sale of assets, equity or debt securities or from credit facilities. Additional capital, if needed, may not be available on satisfactory terms, or at all.

Intangible Assets and Goodwill Impairment

During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, we evaluated our long-term assets for impairment due to indicators such as declining gross margins, sales, and negative enterprise-wide EBITDA, along with operational challenges. The impairment pertains to long-lived assets, including goodwill and intangible assets, assessed as groups with independent cash flows. We applied a multi-step process: identifying triggers, testing recoverability with undiscounted cash flows, and measuring fair value using discounted cash flows, corroborated by other methods. Shared costs were reallocated using an activity-based methodology to reflect stand-alone operations.

This resulted in impairment charges of approximately $950,000 related to intangible assets and $7,117,000 for goodwill where fair values fell below carrying values. The charge includes full write-offs of goodwill and partial write-offs of certain intangible assets with potential impacts on other assets due to negative adjusted EBITDA in certain areas, extended or non-recoverable periods, and low revenue intermingling. Changes in these accounting estimates involved updated forecasts assuming modest growth without major improvements and cost reallocations that reduced projected cash flows and affected fair values using market-based discount rates. These charges affected our results of operations, increasing net losses and reducing asset values. We plan to continue to monitor operations and consider strategies to enhance efficiency.

Line of Credit

On August 1, 2023, the Company entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the "Loan Agreement") with Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC ("Lender"), to provide asset-based financing to the Company to be used for operating capital. Amounts available under the Loan Agreement (the "Revolving Loans") are subject to a borrowing base calculation of up to a maximum availability of $7,500,000 (the "Revolving Loan Commitment") and bear interest at SOFR plus 5.00%. The Company paid a closing fee of 1.00% of the Revolving Loan Commitment and the line is subject to a monthly unused line fee in an annualized amount equal to 0.50% on the difference between the Revolving Loan Commitment and the average outstanding principal balance of the Revolving Loans for such month. The maturity date is three years from the date of the promissory note evidencing the Revolving Loans, subject to extension in accordance with the terms of the Loan Agreement.

The Loan Agreement provides for revolving credit borrowings by the Company in an amount up to the lesser of the Revolving Loan Commitment and a borrowing base amount equal to the sum of stated percentages of eligible accounts receivable and inventory, less reserves, computed on a weekly basis.

The obligations of the Company under the Loan Agreement are secured by a first-priority security interest in substantially all of the assets of the Company (including, without limitation, accounts receivable, equipment, inventory and other goods, intellectual property, contract rights and other general intangibles, cash, deposit accounts, equity interests in subsidiaries and joint ventures, investment property, documents and instruments, and proceeds of the foregoing).

The Loan Agreement contains affirmative and negative covenants, including covenants that restrict the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to, among other things, incur or guarantee indebtedness, incur liens, dispose of assets, engage in mergers and consolidations, make acquisitions or other investments, make changes in the nature of its business, and engage in transactions with affiliates. The Loan Agreement also contains financial covenants applicable to the Company and its subsidiaries, including a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.0 to 1.0 if excess availability is less than $1,000,000 of the borrowing base.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash position decreased $157,000 to $377,000 as of June 30, 2025, compared to $534,000 as of June 30, 2024. Primary uses of cash in the year ended June 30, 2024 included $303,000 of principal payments on finance lease liabilities, $125,000 of repayments on the line of credit, and $30,000 of purchases of property and equipment. Primary sources of cash included $301,000 of net cash provided by operations. 

Trade Accounts Receivable, net

Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses, decreased approximately $644,000, or 18.7%, to $2,801,000 as of June 30, 2025, from $3,445,000 as of June 30, 2024. The decrease was driven primarily by a reduction in overall revenue and differences in the timing of collections around the end date of each respective quarter. Trade accounts receivable represents amounts due from our customers including dealers and distributors that purchase our products for redistribution, medical practitioners, clinics, hospitals, colleges, universities, and sports teams. We believe that our estimate of the allowance for credit losses is adequate based on our historical experience and relationships with our customers. Accounts receivable are generally collected within approximately 40 days of invoicing.

Inventories, net

Inventories, net of reserves, decreased $520,000 or 9.3%, to $5,074,000 as of June 30, 2025, compared to $5,594,000 as of June 30, 2024. The decrease was in line with sales trends as safety stock levels for key items are adjusted to sales trends. We believe that our estimate of the allowance for inventory obsolescence is adequate based on our analysis of inventory, sales trends, and historical experience. 

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Accounts Payable

Accounts payable increased approximately $692,000 or 25.5%, to $3,404,000 as of June 30, 2025, from $2,712,000 as of June 30, 2024. The increase was driven primarily by timing of payments.

Line of Credit

The outstanding balance of the line of credit was $1,997,000 as of June 30, 2025, compared to $2,122,000 as of June 30, 2024.

Finance Lease Liability

Finance lease liability as of June 30, 2025 and 2024 totaled approximately $1,429,000 and $1,732,000, respectively. Our finance lease obligations consist primarily of our Utah building lease. In conjunction with the sale and leaseback of our Utah building in August 2014, we entered into a 15-year lease, classified as a finance lease, originally valued at $3,800,000. The building lease asset is amortized on a straight-line basis over 15 years at approximately $252,000 per year. Total accumulated amortization related to the leased building is approximately $2,750,000 and $2,498,000 at June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The sale generated a profit of $2,300,000, which is being recognized straight-line over the life of the lease at approximately $150,000 per year as an offset to amortization expense. The balance of the deferred gain is $627,000 and $777,000 as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Lease payments, currently approximately $33,000, are payable monthly and increase annually by approximately 2% per year over the life of the lease. Imputed interest for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 was approximately $86,000 and $102,000, respectively. In addition to the Utah building, we lease certain equipment pursuant to arrangements which have been determined to be finance leases. As of June 30, 2025, future minimum gross lease payments required under the finance leases were as follows:

2026	$	420,188
2027		428,200
2028		428,080
2029		424,800
2030		71,032
Total	$	1,772,300

Operating Lease Liability

Operating lease liability as of June 30, 2025 and 2024 totaled approximately $3,205,000 and $2,834,000, respectively. Our operating lease liability consists primarily of building leases for office, manufacturing, and warehouse space.

Inflation

Cost inflation including increases in ocean container rates, raw material prices, labor rates, and domestic transportation costs have impacted profitability. Continued imbalances between supply and demand for these resources may continue to exert upward pressure on costs. Our ability to recover these costs increased through price increases may continue to lag the cost increases, resulting in downward pressure on margins.

Stock Repurchase Plan

In 2011, our Board of Directors adopted a stock repurchase plan authorizing repurchases of shares in the open market, through block trades or otherwise. Decisions to repurchase shares under this plan are based upon market conditions, the level of our cash balances, general business opportunities, and other factors. The Board may periodically approve amounts for share repurchases under the plan. As of June 30, 2025, approximately $449,000 remained available under this authorization for purchases under the plan. No purchases have been made under this plan since 2011.

Critical Accounting Policies

This MD&A is based upon our Consolidated Financial Statements (see Part II, Item 8 below), which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in ("US GAAP"). The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses as well as the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We regularly review our estimates and assumptions. The SEC has requested that all registrants address their most critical accounting policies. The SEC has indicated that a "critical accounting policy" is one which is both important to the representation of the registrant's financial condition and results and requires management's most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. We base our estimates on past experience and on various other assumptions our management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results will differ, and may differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Additionally, changes in accounting estimates could occur in the future from period to period. Our management has discussed the development and selection of our most critical financial estimates with the audit committee of our Board of Directors. The following paragraphs identify our most critical accounting policies:

Inventories

The nature of our business requires that we maintain sufficient inventory on hand at all times to meet the requirements of our customers. We record finished goods inventory at the lower of standard cost, which approximates actual cost (first-in, first-out) or market. Raw materials are recorded at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market. Inventory valuation reserves are maintained for the estimated impairment of the inventory. Impairment may be a result of slow-moving or excess inventory, product obsolescence or changes in the valuation of the inventory. In determining the adequacy of reserves, we analyze the following, among other things:

• Current inventory quantities on hand;

• Product acceptance in the marketplace;

• Customer demand;

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• Historical sales;

• Forecast sales;

• Product obsolescence;

• Strategic marketing and production plans;

• Technological innovations; and

• Character of the inventory as a distributed item, finished manufactured item or raw material.

Any modifications to estimates of inventory valuation reserves are reflected in cost of goods sold within the statements of operations during the period in which such modifications are determined necessary by management. As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, our inventory valuation reserve balance was approximately $553,000 and $590,000, respectively, and our inventory balance was $5,074,000 and $5,594,000, net of reserves, respectively.

Revenue Recognition

Our sales force and distributors sell manufactured and distributed products to end users, including orthopedists, physical therapists, chiropractors, athletic trainers, sports medicine practitioners, clinics, and hospitals. Revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract with a customer are satisfied which occurs upon the transfer of control of a product. This occurs either upon shipment or delivery of goods, depending on whether the contract is FOB origin or FOB destination. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration expected to be received in exchange for transferring products to a customer. Contracts sometimes allow for forms of variable consideration including rebates and incentives. In these cases, the Company estimates the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for transferring products to customers utilizing the most likely amount method. Rebates and incentives are estimated based on contractual terms or historical experience and a liability is maintained for rebates and incentives that have been earned but are unpaid. Revenue is reduced by estimates of potential future contractual discounts including prompt payment discounts. Provisions for contractual discounts are recorded as a reduction to revenue in the period sales are recognized. Estimates are made of the contractual discounts that will eventually be incurred. Contractual discounts are estimated based on negotiated contracts and historical experience. Shipping and handling activities are accounted for as fulfillment activities. As such, shipping and handling are not considered promised services to our customers. Costs for shipping and handling of products to customers are recorded as cost of sales.

Allowance for Credit Losses

We must make estimates of the collectability of accounts receivable. In doing so, we analyze historical bad debt trends, customer credit worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment patterns when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses. Our accounts receivable balance was $2,800,900 and $3,445,000, net of allowance for credit losses of $60,000 and $49,000 as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Deferred Income Taxes

A valuation allowance is required when there is significant uncertainty as to the realizability of deferred tax assets. The realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon our ability to generate sufficient taxable income within the carryforward periods provided for in the tax law for each tax jurisdiction. We have considered the following possible sources of taxable income when assessing the realization of our deferred tax assets:

●	future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences;
●	future taxable income or loss, exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards;

 

●	tax-planning strategies; and

 

●	taxable income in prior carryback years.

We considered both positive and negative evidence in determining the continued need for a valuation allowance, including the following:

Positive evidence:

• Current forecasts indicate that we will generate pre-tax income and taxable income in the future. However, there can be no assurance that our strategic plans will result in profitability; and

• A majority of our tax attributes have indefinite carryover periods.

Negative evidence:

• We have thirteen years of losses out of the last fourteen fiscal years as of June 30, 2025.

We place more weight on objectively verifiable evidence than on other types of evidence and management currently believes that available negative evidence outweighs the available positive evidence. We have therefore determined that we do not meet the "more likely than not" threshold that deferred tax assets will be realized. Accordingly, a valuation allowance is required. Any reversal of the valuation allowance in future periods will favorably impact our results of operations in the period of reversal. As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, we recorded a full valuation allowance against our net deferred income tax assets. As of June 30, 2025, the Company had federal and state operating loss carryforwards of $24.7 million and $12.6 million, respectively. The federal net operating loss carryforwards have carryforward periods that are indefinite or begin to expire in 2037. The state net operating loss carryforwards have carryforward periods that are indefinite or have various expirations. 

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Impairment of Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets

We test goodwill and long lived assets for impairment annually or upon triggers such as performance declines. Judgment includes identifying asset groups, allocating shared costs, and choosing valuation methods like discounted cash flows with projections over 10 years, assuming moderate growth and risk-adjusted discount rates. Fair values are sensitive to assumptions such as small changes in discount rates, margins, or growth, which could significantly impact estimates and trigger additional impairments. Implied returns may be below market rates in certain cases. In 2025, fair values of goodwill and certain intangible assets did not substantially exceed carrying values in impaired areas, leading to charges, while others approximated carrying values. Adverse deviations from these assumptions could require further impairment.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for a description of recent accounting pronouncements.

Off-Balance Sheet Financing

We have no off-balance sheet debt or similar obligations. We have no transactions or obligations with related parties that are not disclosed, consolidated into or reflected in our reported results of operations or financial position. We do not guarantee any third-party debt.

Business Plan and Outlook

This past year our focus has been on driving profitability in our business through continued business optimization initiatives and new product launches, while continuing to build our restorative products platform for long-term success.

We are confident that the steps we have taken will position the Company for success moving forward. In fiscal 2026, we are focused on executing our strategies as follows:

●	Drive sales through enhancing our partnerships with key strategic accounts, demand generation, and continuing to deliver a superior customer experience;

 

●	Increase our operating profitability through disciplined product portfolio management; and

 

●	Pursue merger and acquisition opportunities in our core markets through pipeline management, disciplined valuation, and superior execution.

We are actively pursuing an acquisition strategy to consolidate other manufacturers in our core markets (i.e. physical therapy, rehabilitation, orthopedics, pain management, and athletic training). 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Not Applicable.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Audited consolidated financial statements and related documents required by this item are included in this report on the pages indicated in the following table:

	Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (PCAOB ID 270)	21
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2025 and 2024	22
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended June 2025 and 2024	23
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024	24
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024	25
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	26

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders

Dynatronics Corporation

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Dynatronics Corporation and subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company") as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended June 30, 2025, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended June 30, 2025, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. 

Substantial Doubt about the Company's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 13 to the financial statements, the Company's present financial situation raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 13. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB.  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.  The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting.  As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting.  Accordingly, we express no such opinion. 

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risk of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Estimation of the Fair Value of Goodwill and Intangible Assets

As more fully described in Notes 1 and 4 to the consolidated financial statements, given the Company's historical operating loss, the Company evaluated its goodwill and intangible assets for impairment as of the Company's fiscal year-end.

Auditing the Company's annual impairment assessments was complex and highly judgmental due to the significant estimation required in determining the fair value of the reporting units for goodwill and the fair value of the intangible assets. Management engaged a third-party valuation specialist to assist in the impairment analysis, which resulted in the recognition of an impairment during the year ended June 30, 2025. The valuation was based on a discounted cash flow analysis and supported by other valuation approaches. We evaluated the methodology and key assumptions used in the valuation.

Our testing of the Company's measurements of fair value included, among other procedures, evaluating the significant assumptions and operating data used to estimate fair value.

/s/ Tanner LLC

We have served as the Company's auditors since October 24, 2016.

Salt Lake City, Utah

October 14, 2025