SEC Form 10-Q filed by Plutonian Acquisition Corp.

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from               to             

PLUTONIAN ACQUISITION CORP.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

1441 Broadway 3rd, 5th & 6th Floors

New York, NY 10018

(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

(646) 969 0946

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☒ No ☐

As of May 31, 2024, there were 5,000,767 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value issued and outstanding.

PLUTONIAN ACQUISITION CORP.

FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2024

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I – Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements.

PLUTONIAN ACQUISITION CORP.
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

PLUTONIAN ACQUISITION CORP.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

PLUTONIAN ACQUISITION CORP.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

PLUTONIAN ACQUISITION CORP.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

PLUTONIAN ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Statements

References in this report (this “Quarterly Report”) to the “Company,” “Plutonian,” “our,” “us” or “we” refer to Plutonian Acquisition Corp. References to our “management” or our “management team” refer to our officers and directors. The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited interim condensed financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “continue,” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions. Factors that might cause or contribute to such a discrepancy include, but are not limited to, those described in our other U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings. The Company’s filings with the SEC can be accessed on the EDGAR section of the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Except as expressly required by applicable securities law, the Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Overview

We are a blank check company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware on March 11, 2021. We were formed for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or other similar business combination. Our efforts to identify a target business will not be limited to a particular industry or geographic region, although we intend to focus our search for a target business on companies engaged in metaverse technologies, tourism and e-commerce related industries in the Asia-Pacific, or APAC, region. We affirmatively exclude as an initial business combination target any company of which financial statements are audited by an accounting firm that the United States Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) is unable to inspect for two consecutive years beginning in 2021 and any target company with China operations consolidated through a VIE structure.

We intend to utilize cash derived from the proceeds of our initial public offering (“IPO”) and the private placement of Private Units, our securities, debt or a combination of cash, securities and debt, in effecting our initial business combination. We expect to continue to incur significant costs in the pursuit of our acquisition plans. We cannot assure you that our plans to complete a Business Combination will be successful.

Recent Developments

On August 8, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders, at which the Company’s stockholders approved (i) an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the “Extension Amendment”) and (ii) an amendment (the “Trust Amendment”) to the Investment Management Trust Agreement, dated November 9, 2022, by and between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company to allow the Company to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a business combination, up to four times for an additional three months each time, from August 15, 2023 to August 15, 2024 (the date that is 21 months from the closing date of the Company’s initial public offering of units). In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the special meeting, an aggregate of 2,510,358 shares with redemption value of approximately $26,244,894 (or $10.45 per share) of the Company’s common stock were tendered for redemption. 

As previously disclosed in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on October 11, 2023, on October 9, 2023, SPAC entered the Merger Agreement with the Holdco, PubCo, Merger Sub 1, Merger Sub 2, and Dashuyun. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement and subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, (i) Merger Sub 1 will merge with and into the Holdco (the “Initial Merger”) whereby the separate existence of Merger Sub 1 will cease and Holdco will be the surviving corporation of the Initial Merger and become a wholly owned subsidiary of PubCo, and (ii) following the Initial Merger Effective Time, Merger Sub 2 will merge with and into SPAC (the “SPAC Merger”, and together with the Initial Merger, the “Mergers”), the separate existence of Merger Sub 2 will cease and SPAC will be the surviving corporation of the SPAC Merger and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of PubCo.

The Mergers imply a current equity value of Big Tree Cloud at $500 million prior to the Closing. As a result of the Mergers, among other things, (i) each outstanding share in Holdco shall automatically be cancelled, and in exchange for the right to receive newly issued PubCo Ordinary Shares at the Holdco Exchange Ratio; (ii) each outstanding SPAC Unit will be automatically detached; (iii) each unredeemed outstanding share of SPAC Common Stock will be cancelled in exchange for the right to receive one PubCo Ordinary Share, (iv) each outstanding SPAC Rights will be cancelled and cease to exist in exchange for the right to receive one-sixth (1/6) PubCo Ordinary Share, and (v) each outstanding SPAC Warrant will be cancelled in exchange for the right to receive one PubCo Warrant. Each outstanding PubCo Ordinary Share will have a value at the time of the Closing of $10.00.

In addition, following the Closing, PubCo will issue an aggregate of up to 20,000,000 PubCo Ordinary Shares (the “Earnout Shares”) to the Holdco’s shareholders who hold Holdco’s shares as of immediately prior to the Initial Merger Effective Time on a pro rata basis upon the occurrence of the Earn-out Event. Earn-out Event is defined as the event where Dashuyun first reports that there has been, in aggregate, no less than 200 department stores, grocery stores, pharmacies, supermarkets and other retail stores or vendors, each with a gross floor area of no less than 500 square meters, engaged in selling Dashuyun’s personal care products or other consumer goods.  

Concurrently with the execution of the Agreement, Sponsor has entered into and delivered a support agreement with the Holdco, Dashuyun, each of the Acquisition Entities and Plutonian, pursuant to which the Sponsor has agreed, among others, to vote in favor of the Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereunder at the SPAC Special Meeting in accordance with the Insider Letter.

On November 10, 2023, the Company entered into a FA Engagement Letter with South Pacific Gyre Investment Limited (“South Pacific”), pursuant to which the latter agreed to provide certain capital markets advisory services to Company in connection with the Business Combination in consideration for advisory fees. South Pacific has agreed to be paid entirely in PubCo Ordinary Shares, in an amount of 2,000,000 PubCo Ordinary Shares which equal to 4% of the equity value of Big Tree Cloud, provided that all the PubCo Ordinary Shares issuable to South Pacific shall be subject to a lock-up arrangement for a period of at least six months.

On November 9, 2023, Guangdong Dashuyun engaged Flying Height Consulting Services Limited (“Flying Height”, together with South Pacific, the “Financial Advisors”) to provide financial advisory services including identifying potential PIPE Investors and preparing investor presentation and roadshow materials. Flying Height is entitled to receive, at the election of Guangdong Dashuyun, in its sole discretion, US$22,5000,000 or 2,250,000 PubCo Ordinary Shares upon Closing of the Mergers as compensation for its professional services, provided that the Closing of the Business Combination is consummated within the term of the engagement between Guangdong Dashuyun and Flying Height, which is 18 months from November 9, 2023.

As part of the Agreement, on November 9, 2023, January 31, 2024 and May 15, 2024, Big Tree Cloud International Group Limited (“Big Tree Cloud”) provided a loan of $210,000, per loan to the Company which was deposited into the Trust Account to extend the Company’s initial business combination period from November 15, 2023 to August 15, 2024. Accordingly, the Company now has until August 15, 2024 to complete its initial business combination.

On November 9, 2023, January 31, 2024 and May 15, 2024, the Company issued a promissory note of $210,000, each time to Big Tree Cloud for the extension payment. The promissory notes are unsecured, interest-free and payable on the earliest of: 1) the date on which the Company consummates an initial business combination, 2) the date on which the Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms, or 3) August 15, 2024.

On April 30, 2024, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “Special Meeting”). On March 25, 2024, the record date for the Special Meeting, there were 5,000,767 shares of common stock of Plutonian entitled to be voted at the Special Meeting. At the Special Meeting, 3,428,535 shares of common stock of Plutonian or 68.6% of the shares entitled to vote at the Special Meeting were represented in person or by proxy. Stockholders approved (1) the Business Combination Proposal, a proposal to approve and adopt the Merger Agreement and the Mergers, whereby Big Tree Cloud Merger Sub II Inc. will merge with and into the Company, the separate existence of Big Tree Cloud Merger Sub II Inc. will cease and the Company will be the surviving corporation of the SPAC Merger and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Big Tree Cloud Holdings Limited, (2) the Company’s “redomestication” from Delaware to Cayman Islands that will take place with respect to the new public holding company pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, (3) the proposal to approve, for purposes of complying with applicable listing rules of Nasdaq the issuance of more than 20% of the current total issued and outstanding PubCo Ordinary Shares pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, (4) the proposal to amend PubCo’s memorandum and articles of association, and (5) the proposal to amend the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Plutonian (the “Charter”) to delete Article SIXTH D from the Charter, which provides: “The Corporation will not consummate any Business Combination unless it has net tangible assets of at least $5,000,001 upon consummation of such Business Combination.”

In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the Special Meeting, a total of 3,172,908 shares of common stock of Plutonian were tendered for redemption. As a result, approximately $34.7 million (approximately $10.95 per share) will be removed from the Company’s trust account to pay such holders, without taking into account additional allocation of payments to cover any tax obligation of the Company, such as franchise taxes, but not including any excise tax, since that date. Following redemptions, the Company will have 1,827,859 shares of Common Stock outstanding.

Results of Operations

We have neither engaged in any operations nor generated any operating revenues to date. Our only activities from inception through March 31, 2024 were organizational activities and those necessary to prepare, and consummate, for the IPO, which is described below, and subsequent to the IPO, identifying a target company for an initial business combination. We do not expect to generate any operating revenues until after the completion of our initial business combination.

We expect to generate non-operating income in the form of interest income on marketable securities held after the IPO. We expect that we will incur increased expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for due diligence expenses in connection with searching for, and completing, a Business Combination. 

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, we had a net loss of $393,098, which consisted of interest earned on investments held in the Trust Account of $457,853, offset by general and administrative expenses of $746,269, franchise tax expense of $10,800, and income tax expense of $93,882. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we had a net income of $296,953, which consisted of interest earned on investments held in the Trust Account of $623,637, offset by general and administrative expenses of $186,240, franchise tax expense of $12,000, and income tax expense of $128,444.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

On November 15, 2022, we consummated our IPO of 5,750,000 Public Units, which includes the full exercise of the underwriter’s over-allotment option of 750,000 Public Units. Each Public Unit consists of one share of Common Stock, one redeemable Warrant entitling its holder to purchase one share of Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per whole share, and one Right to receive one-sixth (1/6) of a share of Common Stock upon the consummation of an initial business combination. The Public Units were sold at an offering price of $10.00 per Public Unit, generating gross proceeds of $57,500,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO on November 15, 2022, we consummated the Private Placement with the Sponsor, purchasing 266,125 Private Units at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit, generating total proceeds of $2,661,250.

Following the IPO and the private placement on November 15, 2022, a total of $58,506,250 was deposited in a trust account established for the benefit of the Company’s public stockholders (the “Trust Account”) maintained by Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company as a trustee and will be invested only in U.S. government treasury bills with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), and that invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations.   

We intend to use substantially all of the net proceeds of the IPO, including the funds held in the Trust Account, to acquire a target business or businesses and to pay our expenses relating thereto. To the extent that our capital stock is used in whole or in part as consideration to effect our business combination, the remaining proceeds held in the Trust Account, as well as any other net proceeds not expended, will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business. Such working capital funds could be used in a variety of ways including continuing or expanding the target business’ operations, for strategic acquisitions and for marketing, research and development of existing or new products. Such funds could also be used to repay any operating expenses or finders’ fees which we had incurred prior to the completion of our business combination if the funds available to us outside of the Trust Account were insufficient to cover such expenses.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company had cash of $31,453 and a working capital deficit of $2,562,483. The Company’s liquidity needs prior to the consummation of the IPO had been satisfied through a payment from the Sponsor of $25,000 for the Insider Shares and the loan under an unsecured promissory note from the Sponsor of $200,000. On June 20, 2023, August 8, 2023, September 14, 2023, December 27, 2023 and March 19, 2024, the Sponsor provided a loan of $150,000, $210,000, $140,000, $300,000, and $350,000 to be used, in part, for working capital and transaction costs (including extension fees) related to the Business Combination (see Note 5). Additionally, Big Tree Cloud provided three loans totaling $630,000 ($210,000 per loan) on November 9, 2023, January 31, 2024 and May 15, 2024, for the Company to deposit into the Trust Account to extend the business combination period to August 15, 2024.

Accordingly, the Company now has until August 15, 2024 to complete its initial business combination. It is uncertain that the Company will be able to consummate a Business Combination by this time. If a Business Combination is not consummated by this date, there will be a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution.

The Company expects to continue to incur significant professional costs to remain as a publicly traded company and to incur significant transaction costs in pursuit of the consummation of a Business Combination. The Company may need to obtain additional financing either to complete its Business Combination or because it becomes obligated to redeem a significant number of public shares upon consummation of its Business Combination, in which case the Company may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such Business Combination. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, the Company would only complete such financing simultaneously with the completion of our Business Combination. If the Company is unable to complete its Business Combination because it does not have sufficient funds available, it will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the Trust Account. In addition, following the Business Combination, if cash on hand is insufficient, the Company may need to obtain additional financing in order to meet its obligations.

In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board’s Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” management has determined that if the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination by August 15, 2024 (unless the Company extends the time to complete a Business Combination), then the Company will cease all operations except for the purpose of liquidating. The date for liquidation and subsequent dissolution raises substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of 12 months from the issuance date of these financial statements. The financial statement does not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Off-Balance Sheet Financing Arrangements

We have no obligations, assets or liabilities, which would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements as of March 31, 2024. We do not participate in transactions that create relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, often referred to as variable interest entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements. We have not entered into any off-balance sheet financing arrangements, established any special purpose entities, guaranteed any debt or commitments of other entities, or purchased any non-financial assets.

Contractual Obligations

We do not have any long-term debt, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations or long-term liabilities, other than described below.

The holders of the founder shares, the Private Placement Shares, and any common stock that may be issued upon conversion of working capital loans (and any underlying securities) will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to a registration and shareholder rights agreement entered into in connection with the IPO. The holders of these securities are entitled to make up to three demands, excluding short form demands, that we register such securities. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to our completion of our initial Business Combination.

Underwriting Agreement

The underwriters were paid a cash underwriting discount of 1.0% of the gross proceeds of the IPO, or $575,000. In addition, the underwriters are entitled to a deferred underwriting fee of 3.5% of the gross proceeds of the IPO, or $2,012,500, which will be paid upon the closing of a Business Combination from the amounts held in the Trust Account, subject to the terms of the underwriting agreement.

Additionally, the Company has committed to issue the underwriters and/or its designees 57,500 shares of common stock or the representative shares, at the closing of the IPO as part of representative compensation. As of November 15, 2022, 57,500 representative shares were issued. 

Financial Advisors Agreement

On November 10, 2023, the Company entered into a FA Engagement Letter with South Pacific Gyre Investment Limited (“South Pacific”), pursuant to which the latter agreed to provide certain capital markets advisory services to Company in connection with the Business Combination in consideration for advisory fees. South Pacific has agreed to be paid entirely in PubCo Ordinary Shares, in an amount of 2,000,000 PubCo Ordinary Shares which equal to 4% of the equity value of Big Tree Cloud, provided that all the PubCo Ordinary Shares issuable to South Pacific shall be subject to a lock-up arrangement for a period of at least six months.

On November 9, 2023, Guangdong Dashuyun engaged Flying Height Consulting Services Limited (“Flying Height”, together with South Pacific, the “Financial Advisors”) to provide financial advisory services including identifying potential PIPE Investors and preparing investor presentation and roadshow materials. Flying Height is entitled to receive, at the election of Guangdong Dashuyun, in its sole discretion, US$22,5000,000 or 2,250,000 PubCo Ordinary Shares upon Closing of the Mergers as compensation for its professional services, provided that the Closing of the Business Combination is consummated within the term of the engagement between Guangdong Dashuyun and Flying Height, which is 18 months from November 9, 2023.

Deferred Legal Fees

The Company engaged a legal counsel firm for legal advisory services, and the legal counsel agreed to defer $450,000 of their fees. The deferred fee is payable in the event that the Company completes a Business Combination or when the Business Combination is aborted. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company accrued $450,000 deferred legal fees, respectively.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of unaudited condensed financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and income and expenses during the period reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. We have not identified any critical accounting estimates; we have identified the following critical accounting policies:

Common stock Subject to Possible Redemption

We account for our common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that feature redemption rights that is either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, common stock subject to possible redemption is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ equity section of the Company’s balance sheet.

We have made a policy election in accordance with ASC 480-10-S99-3A and recognizes changes in redemption value in additional paid-in capital (or accumulated deficit in the absence of additional paid-in capital) over an expected nine-month period leading up to a business combination.

Net Income (Loss) per Share

The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. The unaudited condensed statements of operations include a presentation of income (loss) per redeemable share and income (loss) per non-redeemable share following the two-class method of income per share. In order to determine the net income (loss) attributable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares, the Company first considered the undistributed income (loss) allocable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable shares and the undistributed income (loss) is calculated using the total net loss less any dividends paid. The Company then allocated the undistributed income (loss) ratably based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding between the redeemable and non-redeemable shares. Any remeasurement of the accretion to redemption value of the common shares subject to possible redemption was considered to be dividends paid to the public shareholders.

Warrants

The Company accounts for warrants (Public Warrants or Private Warrants) as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common shares and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.

For issued warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of equity at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as liabilities at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations.

Offering Costs

Offering costs consist of underwriting, legal, accounting, registration and other expenses incurred through the balance sheet date that are directly related to the IPO. The Company complies with the requirements of ASC 340-10-S99-1 and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5A - “Expenses of Offering”. Offering costs are allocated between public shares and public rights based on the estimated fair values of public shares and public rights at the date of issuance.

Recent Accounting Standards

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosure” (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 mostly requires, on an annual basis, disclosure of specific categories in an entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The incremental disclosures may be presented on a prospective or retrospective basis. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact, if any, that ASU 2023-09 would have on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows. 

Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on our financial statements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

As a smaller reporting company we are not required to make disclosures under this Item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2024, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer have concluded that during the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to material weaknesses in controls over accrued expenses and the protection of funds permitted for withdrawal from the Trust account, including the timely payment of income and other tax liabilities.

To address the material weakness management has implemented additional oversight of the cash availability for the Company’s operational needs, which includes segregation of funds restricted for payment of taxes and the requirement for an additional member of the Company’s management team to review and approve the disbursements from the Trust Account. We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of disclosure controls and procedures also is based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the quarter ended March 31, 2024, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.  

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

None.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in this Quarterly Report include the risk factors described in the final prospectus for our IPO filed with the SEC on November 14, 2022 and the definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on April 4, 2024. As of the date of this Quarterly Report, there have been no material changes to the previously disclosed risk factors. We may disclose changes to such factors or disclose additional factors from time to time in our future filings with the SEC.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

The registration statement (the “Registration Statement”) for our IPO was declared effective on November 9, 2022.

On November 15, 2022, we consummated our IPO of 5,750,000 Public Units, which includes the full exercise of the underwriter’s over-allotment option of 750,000 Public Units. Each Public Unit consists of one share of Common Stock, one redeemable Warrant entitling its holder to purchase one share of Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per whole share, and one Right to receive one-sixth (1/6) of a share of Common Stock upon the consummation of an initial business combination. The Public Units were sold at an offering price of $10.00 per Public Unit, generating gross proceeds of $57,500,000.

Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO on November 15, 2022, we consummated the Private Placement with the Sponsor, purchasing 266,125 Private Units at a price of $10.00 per Private Unit, generating total proceeds of $2,661,250. The Private Units (and the underlying securities) are identical to the Units sold in the IPO, except as otherwise disclosed in the IPO registration statement. No underwriting discounts or commissions were paid with respect to such sale.

As of November 15, 2022, a total of $58,506,250 of the net proceeds from the IPO and the Private Placement were deposited in a trust account established for the benefit of the Company’s public stockholders and maintained by Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, acting as trustee.  

All of the proceeds we receive from these purchases have been placed in the trust account described above and, together with the interests earned on the funds held in the trust account and except for payment of our franchise and income taxes if any, shall not be released to us until the earlier of the completion of our initial business combination and our redemption of the shares of common stock sold in the IPO upon our failure to consummate a business combination within the required period.

For a description of the use of the proceeds generated in our IPO, see Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

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