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    SEC Form 10-Q filed by The RMR Group Inc.

    5/6/25 4:20:16 PM ET
    $RMR
    Professional Services
    Consumer Discretionary
    Get the next $RMR alert in real time by email
    rmr-20250331
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    UNITED STATES
    SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
    WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
     
    FORM 10-Q
     
    ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025
    OR
    ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    Commission file number 001-37616
     
    THE RMR GROUP INC.
    (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
     
    Maryland47-4122583
    (State of Organization)(IRS Employer Identification No.)
     
    Two Newton Place, 255 Washington Street, Suite 300, Newton, MA 02458-1634
    (Address of Principal Executive Offices)                            (Zip Code)
    Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code 617-796-8230
    Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
    Title Of Each ClassTrading SymbolName Of Each Exchange On Which Registered
    Class A common stock, $0.001 par value per shareRMRThe Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
     (Nasdaq Capital Market)
    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant:  (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes ☒   No ☐
    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes ☒   No ☐
    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
    Large accelerated filer☐ Accelerated filer☒
    Non-accelerated filer☐ Smaller reporting company☐
    Emerging growth company☐
    If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided in Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐  No ☒
    As of April 30, 2025, there were 15,877,246 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 1,000,000 shares of Class B-1 common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 15,000,000 shares of Class B-2 common stock, par value $0.001 per share outstanding.


    Table of Contents
    THE RMR GROUP INC.

    FORM 10-Q

    March 31, 2025
     
    Table of Contents

    Page
    PART I.
    Financial Information
    Item 1.
    Financial Statements (unaudited)
    Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets — March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024
    3
     
    Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income — Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
    4
    Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity — Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
    5
     
    Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows — Six Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
    6
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
    7
    Item 2.
    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
    26
    Item 3.
    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
    37
    Item 4.
    Controls and Procedures
    37
    Warning Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
    37
    PART II.
    Other Information
    Item 1A.
    Risk Factors
    38
    Item 2.
    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
    39
    Item 5.
    Other Information
    39
    Item 6.
    Exhibits
    40
    Signatures
    41

    2

    Table of Contents
    PART I. Financial Information
    Item 1. Financial Statements
    The RMR Group Inc.
    Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    (unaudited)
    March 31,September 30,
    20252024
    Assets
    Cash and cash equivalents held by The RMR Group Inc.$21,317 $23,189 
    Cash and cash equivalents held by The RMR Group LLC115,869 118,410 
    Due from related parties90,022 134,030 
    Prepaid and other current assets16,681 9,789 
    Assets held for sale— 8,700 
    Total current assets243,889 294,118 
    Loans held for investment, net of allowance for credit losses of $113 and $343, respectively
    58,086 56,221 
    Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $5,204 and $3,447, respectively
    75,502 76,433 
    Due from related parties, net of current portion5,648 9,350 
    Investments36,178 23,733 
    Goodwill71,761 71,761 
    Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $5,675 and $3,719, respectively
    17,999 20,299 
    Operating lease right of use assets25,293 27,353 
    Deferred tax asset14,030 15,163 
    Other assets, net of accumulated amortization of $92,448 and $87,740, respectively
    101,355 106,063 
    Total assets$649,741 $700,494 
    Liabilities and Equity
    Reimbursable accounts payable and accrued expenses$53,152 $90,444 
    Accounts payable and accrued expenses38,194 31,599 
    Current portion of Earnout liability122 517 
    Operating lease liabilities5,700 5,906 
    Liabilities held for sale— 4,973 
    Total current liabilities97,168 133,439 
    Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion20,029 22,147 
    Amounts due pursuant to tax receivable agreement, net of current portion18,442 18,442 
    Employer compensation liability, net of current portion5,648 9,350 
    Earnout liability, net of current portion7,156 11,441 
    Secured financing facility, net41,084 41,109 
    Mortgage note payable45,289 45,149 
    Total liabilities234,816 281,077 
    Commitments and contingencies
    Equity:
    Class A common stock, $0.001 par value; 32,500,000 and 31,950,000 shares authorized, respectively; 15,879,239 and 15,846,025 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
    16 16 
    Class B-1 common stock, $0.001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding
    1 1 
    Class B-2 common stock, $0.001 par value; 15,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding
    15 15 
    Additional paid in capital120,689 118,811 
    Retained earnings446,222 436,226 
    Cumulative common distributions(332,656)(317,495)
    Total shareholders’ equity234,287 237,574 
    Noncontrolling interest in The RMR Group LLC177,960 181,439 
    Noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities2,678 404 
    Total noncontrolling interests180,638 181,843 
    Total equity414,925 419,417 
    Total liabilities and equity$649,741 $700,494 
    See accompanying notes.
    3

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    The RMR Group Inc.
    Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income
    (amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)
    (unaudited)
    Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
    March 31,March 31,
    2025202420252024
    Revenues:
    Management services$44,382 $48,460 $90,565 $93,554 
    Incentive fees19 60 87 359 
    Advisory services1,104 1,126 2,245 2,251 
    Total management, incentive and advisory services revenues45,505 49,646 92,897 96,164 
    Income from loan investments, net646 — 1,192 — 
    Rental property revenues1,425 198 3,047 224 
    Reimbursable compensation and benefits20,611 22,629 42,401 39,457 
    Reimbursable equity based compensation1,132 242 702 2,569 
    Other reimbursable expenses97,349 145,232 245,905 341,230 
    Total reimbursable costs119,092 168,103 289,008 383,256 
    Total revenues166,668 217,947 386,144 479,644 
    Expenses:
    Compensation and benefits42,051 44,168 84,613 78,940 
    Equity based compensation1,606 700 1,732 3,529 
    Separation costs3,455 410 3,455 3,954 
    Total compensation and benefits expense47,112 45,278 89,800 86,423 
    General and administrative11,246 11,693 22,530 21,207 
    Other reimbursable expenses97,349 145,232 245,905 341,230 
    Rental property expenses395 66 821 78 
    Transaction and acquisition related costs549 2,328 1,336 6,315 
    Depreciation and amortization2,457 1,223 4,804 1,646 
    Total expenses159,108 205,820 365,196 456,899 
    Operating income7,560 12,127 20,948 22,745 
    Interest income1,377 2,523 2,933 6,031 
    Interest expense(871)(80)(1,570)(91)
    Change in fair value of Earnout liability1,270 (300)4,680 (300)
    (Loss) gain on investments(709)563 (1,780)4,612 
    Gain on sale of real estate445 — 445 — 
    Income before income tax expense9,072 14,833 25,656 32,997 
    Income tax expense(1,378)(2,120)(3,854)(4,758)
    Net income7,694 12,713 21,802 28,239 
    Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in The RMR Group LLC(4,337)(6,863)(12,059)(15,394)
    Net loss attributable to other noncontrolling interests
    259 12 253 14 
    Net income attributable to The RMR Group Inc.$3,616 $5,862 $9,996 $12,859 
    Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic16,616 16,515 16,614 16,511 
    Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted16,616 31,539 31,617 31,525 
    Net income attributable to The RMR Group Inc. per common share - basic$0.21 $0.35 $0.59 $0.77 
    Net income attributable to The RMR Group Inc. per common share - diluted$0.21 $0.34 $0.58 $0.75 
    Substantially all revenues are earned from related parties. See accompanying notes.
    4

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    The RMR Group Inc.
    Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
    (dollars in thousands)
    (unaudited)
    Noncontrolling Interests in:
    Class A Common StockClass B-1 Common StockClass B-2 Common StockAdditional Paid In CapitalRetained EarningsCumulative Common DistributionsTotal Shareholders' EquityThe RMR Group LLCConsolidated EntitiesTotal Equity
    Balance at September 30, 2024$16 $1 $15 $118,811 $436,226 $(317,495)$237,574 $181,439 $404 $419,417 
    Share awards, net— — — 550 — — 550 — — 550 
    Net income— — — — 6,380 — 6,380 7,722 6 14,108 
    Tax distributions to member— — — — — — — (2,886)— (2,886)
    Common share distributions— — — — — (7,581)(7,581)(4,800)— (12,381)
    Consolidation of investments— — — — — — — — 2,936 2,936 
    Balance at December 31, 202416 1 15 119,361 442,606 (325,076)236,923 181,475 3,346 421,744 
    Share awards, net— — — 1,328 — — 1,328 — — 1,328 
    Net income— — — — 3,616 — 3,616 4,337 (259)7,694 
    Tax distributions to member— — — — — — — (3,052)— (3,052)
    Common share distributions— — — — — (7,580)(7,580)(4,800)— (12,380)
    Member distributions upon sale of 260 Woodstock— — — — — — — — (409)(409)
    Balance at March 31, 2025$16 $1 $15 $120,689 $446,222 $(332,656)$234,287 $177,960 $2,678 $414,925 
    Balance at September 30, 2023$16 $1 $15 $116,010 $413,096 $(289,072)$240,066 $183,597 $— $423,663 
    Share awards, net— — — 588 — — 588 — — 588 
    Net income— — — — 6,997 — 6,997 8,531 (2)15,526 
    Tax distributions to member— — — — — — — (4,102)— (4,102)
    Common share distributions— — — — — (6,684)(6,684)(4,800)— (11,484)
    Acquisition of MPC Partnership Holdings LLC— — — — — — — — 444 444 
    Balance at December 31, 202316 1 15 116,598 420,093 (295,756)240,967 183,226 442 424,635 
    Share awards, net— — — 1,356 — — 1,356 — — 1,356 
    Net income— — — — 5,862 — 5,862 6,863 (12)12,713 
    Tax distributions to member— — — — — — — (3,059)— (3,059)
    Common share distributions— — — — — (6,684)(6,684)(4,800)— (11,484)
    Balance at March 31, 2024$16 $1 $15 $117,954 $425,955 $(302,440)$241,501 $182,230 $430 $424,161 
    See accompanying notes.
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    The RMR Group Inc.
    Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
    (dollars in thousands)
    (unaudited)
    Six Months Ended March 31,
    20252024
    Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
    Net income$21,802 $28,239 
    Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
    Depreciation and amortization4,804 1,646 
    Straight line rent, net(263)(155)
    Amortization expense related to other assets4,708 4,708 
    Reversal of credit losses(153)— 
    Provision for deferred income taxes1,133 1,273 
    Gain on sale of real estate(445)— 
    Change in fair value of Earnout liability(4,680)300 
    Operating expenses paid in The RMR Group Inc. common shares1,907 2,068 
    Distributions from investments1,196 1,195 
    Loss (gain) on investments1,780 (4,612)
    Changes in assets and liabilities:
    Due from related parties40,847 29,366 
    Prepaid and other current assets(6,892)(3,192)
    Reimbursable accounts payable and accrued expenses(37,292)(26,821)
    Accounts payable and accrued expenses9,542 1,001 
    Net cash provided by operating activities37,994 35,016 
    Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
    Acquisition of MPC Partnership Holdings LLC, net of cash acquired— (78,771)
    Additional funding of loans held for investment(1,400)— 
    Purchase of property and equipment(2,131)(1,873)
    Investment in fund(768)— 
    Investment in joint ventures(11,031)— 
    Proceeds from sale of property4,198 — 
    Net cash used in investing activities(11,132)(80,644)
    Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
    Payment of deferred financing fees(138)— 
    Distributions to noncontrolling interests(15,538)(16,761)
    Distributions to common shareholders(15,161)(13,368)
    Member distributions upon sale of 260 Woodstock(409)— 
    Repurchase of common shares(29)(124)
    Net cash used in financing activities(31,275)(30,253)
    Decrease in cash and cash equivalents(4,413)(75,881)
    Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period141,599 267,989 
    Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$137,186 $192,108 
    Supplemental Disclosures:
    Income taxes paid$3,813 $6,537 
    Interest paid$2,962 $— 
    Non-cash investing and financing activities:
    Recognition of right of use assets and related lease liabilities$1,352 $2,961 
    Recognition of Earnout liability$— $14,547 
    Assumption of mortgage note payable$— $5,429 
    Property and equipment accrued, not paid$— $68 
    See accompanying notes.
    6

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    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)


    Note 1. Organization
    The RMR Group Inc., or RMR Inc., is a holding company and substantially all of its business is conducted by its majority owned subsidiary, The RMR Group LLC, or RMR LLC. RMR Inc. is a Maryland corporation and RMR LLC is a Maryland limited liability company. RMR Inc. serves as the sole managing member of RMR LLC and, in that capacity, operates and controls the business and affairs of RMR LLC. In these condensed consolidated financial statements, unless otherwise indicated, “we”, “us” and “our” refer to RMR Inc. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including RMR LLC.
    As of March 31, 2025, RMR Inc. owned 15,879,239 class A membership units of RMR LLC, or Class A Units, and 1,000,000 class B membership units of RMR LLC, or Class B Units. The aggregate RMR LLC membership units RMR Inc. owns represented 52.9% of the economic interest of RMR LLC as of March 31, 2025. We refer to economic interest as the right of a holder of a Class A Unit or Class B Unit to share in distributions made by RMR LLC and, upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of RMR LLC, to share in the assets of RMR LLC after payments to creditors. A wholly owned subsidiary of ABP Trust, a Maryland statutory trust, owns 15,000,000 redeemable Class A Units, representing 47.1% of the economic interest of RMR LLC as of March 31, 2025, which is presented as noncontrolling interest in the RMR Group LLC within the condensed consolidated financial statements. Adam Portnoy, the Chair of our Board, one of our Managing Directors and our President and Chief Executive Officer, is the sole trustee of ABP Trust, and owns all of ABP Trust’s voting securities.
    RMR LLC provides management services to four publicly traded equity real estate investment trusts, or REITs: Diversified Healthcare Trust, or DHC, which owns medical office and life science properties, senior living communities and other healthcare related properties; Industrial Logistics Properties Trust, or ILPT, which owns and leases industrial and logistics properties; Office Properties Income Trust, or OPI, which owns and leases office properties primarily to single tenants and those with high credit quality characteristics; and Service Properties Trust, or SVC, which owns a diverse portfolio of hotels and service-focused retail net lease properties. DHC, ILPT, OPI and SVC are collectively referred to as the Managed Equity REITs.
    RMR LLC’s wholly owned subsidiary, Tremont Realty Capital LLC, or Tremont, an investment adviser registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, provides advisory services for Seven Hills Realty Trust, or SEVN. SEVN is a publicly traded mortgage REIT that focuses on originating and investing in first mortgage loans secured by middle market and transitional commercial real estate. The Managed Equity REITs and SEVN are collectively referred to as the Perpetual Capital clients.
    RMR LLC provides management services to AlerisLife Inc., or AlerisLife, an operator of senior living communities, many of which are owned by DHC, and Sonesta International Hotels Corporation, or Sonesta, a privately owned franchisor and operator of hotels, resorts and cruise ships in the United States, Canada, Latin America, the Caribbean and the Middle East, and many of the U.S. hotels that Sonesta operates are owned by SVC.
    RMR LLC provides management services through certain of its subsidiaries to multiple private funds, joint ventures and the underlying residential real estate assets of the funds, as well as property management services to third party owners. The residential real estate we manage through these subsidiaries are presented as RMR Residential in these condensed consolidated financial statements.
    In addition, RMR LLC provides management services to other private capital vehicles including ABP Trust and other private entities that own commercial real estate, of which certain of our Managed Equity REITs own minority equity interests. These other private clients, along with AlerisLife, Sonesta and clients of RMR Residential are collectively referred to as the Private Capital clients.
    Note 2. Basis of Presentation
    The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited. Certain information and disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, for complete financial statements have been condensed or omitted. We believe the disclosures made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. However, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, or our 2024 Annual Report. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair statement of results for the interim period have been included. All intercompany transactions and balances with or among our consolidated subsidiaries have been eliminated.
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    Table of Contents
    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation. Our operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.
    We report our results in a single reportable segment, which reflects how our chief operating decision maker, or the CODM, allocates resources and evaluates our financial results. Preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires our management to make certain estimates and assumptions that may affect the amounts reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes. Significant estimates in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include purchase price allocations, useful lives of intangibles and the fair value of certain assets and liabilities. The actual results could differ from these estimates.
    Recent Accounting Pronouncements
    Segments. On November 27, 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or the FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, or ASU No. 2023-07, which requires public entities to: i) provide disclosures of significant segment expenses and other segment items if they are regularly provided to the CODM and included in each reported measure of segment profit or loss; ii) provide all annual disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets currently required by Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 280, Segment Reporting, or ASC 280, in interim periods; and iii) disclose the CODM’s title and position, as well as an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measures and other disclosures. We will apply the requirements of ASU No. 2023-07 for our fiscal year ending September 30, 2025 and subsequent interim periods.
    Income Taxes. On December 14, 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, or ASU No. 2023-09, which requires public entities to enhance its annual income tax disclosures by requiring: i) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation, and ii) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. We will apply the requirements of ASU No. 2023-07 for our fiscal year ending September 30, 2026.
    Note 3. Acquisition of MPC Partnership Holdings LLC
    On December 19, 2023, or the Acquisition Date, RMR LLC acquired all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of MPC Partnership Holdings LLC, or MPC (now doing business as RMR Residential), or the Acquisition. The Acquisition was accounted for as a business combination under the FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations. The purchase price of $99,021 was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on estimates of fair values as of the Acquisition Date. We have completed the purchase price allocation for the Acquisition with no material adjustments from those disclosed within our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
    As part of the Acquisition, we acquired a 90.0% economic ownership interest in 260 Woodstock Investor, LLC, a mixed-use apartment complex located in Woodstock, GA, or the Woodstock Property. In January 2025, we sold the Woodstock Property for a sales price of $9,800, excluding closing costs, and recorded a $445 gain on sale of real estate for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025. We received net proceeds of $4,198 and made capital distributions to members of 260 Woodstock Investor, LLC of $409 for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025.
    Note 4. Revenue Recognition
    Revenues from services we provide are recognized as earned over time as the services provided represent performance obligations that are satisfied over time.
    Management Agreements with the Managed Equity REITs
    We are party to a business management and a property management agreement with each Managed Equity REIT. The following is a summary of the fees we earn pursuant to our business management agreements with the Managed Equity REITs. For a summary of the fees we earn pursuant to our property management agreements with the Managed Equity REITs, see Property Management Agreements, below.
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    Table of Contents
    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    Base Business Management Fees — We earn annual base business management fees from the Managed Equity REITs by providing continuous services pursuant to business management agreements equal to the lesser of:
    •the sum of (a) 0.5% of the historical cost of transferred real estate assets, if any, as defined in the applicable business management agreement, plus (b) 0.7% of the average invested capital (exclusive of the transferred real estate assets), as defined in the applicable business management agreement, up to $250,000, plus (c) 0.5% of the average invested capital exceeding $250,000; and
    •the sum of (a) 0.7% of the average market capitalization, as defined in the applicable business management agreement, up to $250,000, plus (b) 0.5% of the average market capitalization exceeding $250,000.
    The foregoing base business management fees are paid in cash monthly in arrears. 
    We earned aggregate base business management fees from the Managed Equity REITs of $19,578 and $21,246 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $39,977 and $42,796 for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
    Incentive Business Management Fees — We may also earn annual incentive business management fees from the Managed Equity REITs under the business management agreements. The incentive business management fees, which are payable in cash, are contingent performance based fees recognized only when earned at the end of each respective measurement period. Incentive business management fees are excluded from the transaction price until it becomes probable that there will not be a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized.
    The incentive business management fees are calculated for each Managed Equity REIT as 12.0% of the product of (a) the equity market capitalization of the Managed Equity REIT, as defined in the applicable business management agreement, on the last trading day of the year immediately prior to the relevant measurement period and (b) the amount, expressed as a percentage, by which the Managed Equity REIT’s total return per share, as defined in the applicable business management agreement, exceeded the applicable benchmark total return per share, as defined in the applicable business management agreement, of a specified REIT index identified in the applicable business management agreement for the measurement period, as adjusted for net share issuances during the period and subject to caps on the values of the incentive fees. The measurement period for the annual incentive business management fees is defined as the three year period ending on December 31 of the year for which such fee is being calculated.
    We did not earn incentive business management fees from the Managed Equity REITs for calendar years 2024 or 2023.
    Other Management Agreements
    We earn management fees by providing continuous services pursuant to the management agreements with ABP Trust regarding AlerisLife and with Sonesta; equal to 0.6% of: (i) in the case of AlerisLife, AlerisLife’s revenues from all sources reportable under GAAP, less any revenues reportable by AlerisLife with respect to properties for which it provides management services, plus the gross revenues at those properties determined in accordance with GAAP, payable in cash monthly in arrears; and (ii) in the case of Sonesta, Sonesta’s estimated revenues from all sources reportable under GAAP, less any estimated revenues reportable by Sonesta with respect to hotels for which it provides management services, plus the estimated gross revenues at those hotels determined in accordance with GAAP, payable in cash monthly in advance.
    We also earn management fees from certain other Private Capital clients based on a percentage of average invested capital, as defined in the applicable management agreements. These management fees are payable in cash monthly in arrears.
    We earned aggregate base business management fees from the Private Capital clients of $6,579 and $6,613 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $13,386 and $13,295 for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
    Property Management Agreements
    We earn property management fees by providing continuous services pursuant to property management agreements with the Managed Equity REITs, SEVN, RMR Residential and certain Private Capital clients. We generally earn fees under these agreements between 2.5% to 3.5% of gross collected rents. Also, under the terms of the property management agreements, we receive additional fees for construction supervision services up to 5.0% of the cost of such construction. In addition, we earn
    9

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    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    fees under our RMR Residential property management agreements for providing certain marketing, information technology and other management services, as defined in the applicable management agreements, and the related costs are included in general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated financial statements. These management fees are payable in cash monthly in arrears.
    For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we earned aggregate property management fees of $17,561 and $20,601, respectively, including construction supervision fees of $1,795 and $3,611, respectively. For the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we earned aggregate property management fees of $36,538 and $37,463, respectively, including construction supervision fees of $5,624 and $8,882, respectively.
    Management Agreements with Private Capital Joint Ventures
    We enter into joint venture arrangements with the intent to acquire, improve and sell commercial real estate for a risk-adjusted return. We have management agreements with these joint ventures that entitle us to certain fees, such as property management, construction management fees and reimbursements of certain costs incurred on behalf of the joint ventures. Other applicable fees include:
    Acquisition Fees — We recognize revenue when the performance obligation related to the acquisition services is satisfied, typically at the closing of the real estate transaction. Acquisition fees are recorded in management services in our condensed consolidated statements of income. We recognized acquisition fee revenue of $664 for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025.
    Carried Interest Revenues — For certain investments, through our subsidiaries, we invest alongside limited partners in investment vehicles and are entitled to a pro-rata share of their results, or a pro-rata allocation. In addition to a pro-rata allocation, and assuming certain investment returns are achieved, we are entitled to a disproportionate allocation of the income otherwise allocable to the limited partners, commonly referred to as a carried interest. We recognize carried interest in accordance with the performance-based fee arrangements outlined in our investment management agreements. Carried interest is recognized when the performance criteria specified in the agreements are met, typically upon the realization of investment gains that exceed a predetermined hurdle rate. The recognition of such revenues is contingent upon the achievement of both the investment return threshold and the requisite performance period. This ensures that the earnings process is substantially complete, the amount is reasonably estimable and it is no longer probable that there will be significant reversals. Given the unique nature of each fee arrangement and need for significant judgment, contracts with our clients are evaluated on an individual basis to determine the timing of revenue recognition. Accordingly, a portion of fees we recognize may be partially related to services performed in prior periods that meet recognition criteria in the current period. We did not recognize any carried interest revenues for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
    Management Agreements with Advisory Clients
    Tremont is primarily compensated pursuant to its management agreement with SEVN at an annual rate of 1.5% of equity, as defined in the applicable agreement. Tremont may also earn an incentive fee under its management agreement with SEVN equal to the difference between: (a) the product of (i) 20% and (ii) the difference between (A) core earnings, as defined in the applicable agreements, for the most recent 12 month period (or such lesser number of completed calendar quarters, if applicable), including the calendar quarter (or part thereof) for which the calculation of the incentive fee is being made, and (B) the product of (1) equity in the most recent 12 month period (or such lesser number of completed calendar quarters, if applicable), including the calendar quarter (or part thereof) for which the calculation of the incentive fee is being made, and (2) 7% per year and (b) the sum of any incentive fees paid to Tremont with respect to the first three calendar quarters of the most recent 12 month period (or such lesser number of completed calendar quarters preceding the applicable period, if applicable). No incentive fee shall be payable with respect to any calendar quarter unless core earnings for the 12 most recently completed calendar quarters in the aggregate is greater than zero. The incentive fee may not be less than zero.
    For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we earned incentive fees from SEVN of $19 and $60, respectively, and $87 and $359 for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We earned advisory services revenue of $1,104 and $1,126 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $2,245 and $2,251 for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
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    Table of Contents
    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    Other Revenues
    Interest income related to our commercial real estate mortgage loans is generally accrued based on the coupon rates applied to the outstanding principal balance of such loans. Fees, premiums and discounts, if any, will be amortized or accreted into interest income over the remaining lives of the loans using the effective interest method, as adjusted for any prepayments. Revenues from our rental of residential property is recognized on a straight line basis over the underlying lease term.
    Reimbursable Costs
    We determined we control the services provided by third parties for certain of our clients and therefore account for the cost of these services and the related reimbursement revenue on a gross basis.
    Reimbursable Compensation and Benefits — Reimbursable compensation and benefits include reimbursements, at cost, that arise primarily from services our employees provide pursuant to our property management agreements at the properties of our clients. A significant portion of these compensation and benefits are charged or passed through to and paid by tenants of our clients. We recognize the revenue for reimbursements when we incur the related reimbursable compensation and benefits expense on behalf of our clients.
    Reimbursable Equity Based Compensation — Reimbursable equity based compensation includes awards of common shares by our clients directly to certain of our officers and employees in connection with the provision of management services to those clients. The revenue in respect of each award is based on the fair value as of the award date for those shares that have vested, with subsequent changes in the fair value of the unvested awards being recognized in our condensed consolidated statements of income over the requisite service periods. We record an equal, offsetting amount as equity based compensation expense for the value of these awards.
    Other Reimbursable Expenses — Other reimbursable expenses include reimbursements that arise from services we provide pursuant to our property management agreements, which include third party costs related to matters such as maintenance and repairs, development costs, security and cleaning services, a significant portion of which are charged or passed through to and paid by tenants of our clients.
    Note 5. Loans Held for Investment, Net
    As part of our strategic initiative to expand our private capital business, our plan is to amass a small portfolio of loans, financed, in part, through a bank repurchase facility, in a Tremont managed vehicle and bring in third parties to invest in the vehicle. The vehicle would then continue growing by making additional loans.
    Generally, these loans are classified as held for investment based upon our intent and ability to hold them until maturity. Loans that are held for investment are carried at cost, net of unamortized loan origination fees, accreted exit fees, unamortized premiums and unaccreted discounts, as applicable, that are required to be recognized in the carrying value of the loans in accordance with GAAP, unless the loans are determined to be collateral dependent.
    During the six months ended March 31, 2025, we funded an additional $1,400 to the borrower of our floating rate first mortgage loan secured by an industrial property in Wayne, PA.
    During the three and six months ended March 31, 2025, we amortized an aggregate $118 and $235, respectively, in deferred origination fees and exit fees. As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024, deferred origination fees of $511 and $651, respectively, remain unamortized and we accrued $130 and $35, respectively, in exit fee receivables, which we include in loans held for investment in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
    11

    Table of Contents
    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    The table below provides overall statistics for our loan portfolio as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024:
    March 31, 2025September 30, 2024
    Number of loans
    22
    Total loan commitments
    $67,000$67,000
    Unfunded loan commitments (1)
    $8,420$9,820
    Principal balance
    $58,580$57,180
    Weighted average coupon rate
    8.39 %9.15 %
    Weighted average all in yield (2)
    9.33 %10.13 %
    Weighted average floor
    4.34 %4.34 %
    Weighted average maximum maturity (years) (3)
    4.274.80
    (1)Unfunded loan commitments are primarily used to finance property improvements and leasing capital and are generally funded over the term of the loan.
    (2)All in yield represents the yield on a loan, including amortization of deferred fees over the initial term of the loan.
    (3)Maximum maturity assumes all borrower loan extension options have been exercised, which options are subject to the borrower meeting certain conditions.
    Credit Quality Information
    We evaluate the credit quality of each of our loans at least quarterly by assessing a variety of risk factors in relation to each loan and assigning a risk rating to each loan based on those factors. The higher the number, the greater the risk level. As of March 31, 2025, our two loans had an internal risk rating of 3. See our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information regarding our loan risk ratings.
    Allowance for Credit Losses
    The measurement of current expected credit losses, or CECL, is based upon historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts incorporating forward-looking information that affect the collectability of the reported amount. Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments prescribes a forward-looking “expected loss” model that generally will result in the earlier recognition of credit losses and is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost and off-balance sheet credit exposures, such as unfunded loan commitments.
    The allowance for credit losses required under ASU No. 2016-13 is a valuation account that is deducted from the related loans’ amortized cost basis in our consolidated balance sheets. Our loans typically include commitments to fund incremental proceeds to borrowers over the life of the loan; these future funding commitments are also subject to the CECL model. The allowance for credit losses related to unfunded loan commitments is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
    Given the lack of historical loss data related to our loan portfolio, we estimate our expected losses using an analytical model that considers the likelihood of default and loss given default for each individual loan. This analytical model incorporates data from a third party database with historical loan loss information for commercial mortgage-backed securities, or CMBS, and commercial real estate, or CRE, loans since 1998. We estimate the allowance for credit losses for our loan portfolio, including unfunded loan commitments, at the individual loan level. Significant inputs to the model include certain loan specific data, such as loan to value, or LTV, property type, geographic location, occupancy, vintage year, remaining loan term, net operating income, expected timing and amounts of future loan fundings, and macroeconomic forecast assumptions, including the performance of CRE assets, unemployment rates, interest rates and other factors. We utilize the model to estimate credit losses over a reasonable and supportable economic forecast period, followed by a straight-line reversion period to average historical losses. Average historical losses are established using a population of third party historical loss data that approximates our
    12

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    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    portfolio as of the measurement date. We evaluate the estimated allowance for each of our loans individually and we consider our internal loan risk rating as the primary credit quality indicator underlying our assessment.
    We estimate credit losses over a reasonable and supportable forecast period of 12 months, followed by a straight-line reversion period of 12 months back to average historical losses. As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024, we recorded an allowance for credit losses of $113 and $343, respectively, related to our then outstanding loans held for investment and increased accounts payable and accrued expenses by $336 and $259, respectively, related to then unfunded loan commitments. Aggregate reversal of credit losses was $81 and $153 for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025, respectively.
    We have elected to exclude accrued interest receivable from amortized cost and not to measure an allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivable. Accrued interest receivables are generally written off when payments are 120 days past due. Such amounts, if any, are reversed against interest income and no further interest will be recorded until it is collected. As of March 31, 2025, we recognized $422 in prepaid and other current assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets related to accrued interest receivable on our loans and no amounts were written off for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025.
    As of March 31, 2025 and April 30, 2025, our borrowers with outstanding loans had paid their debt service obligations owed and due to us.
    Note 6. Indebtedness
    Secured Financing Facility, Net
    Our secured financing facility is governed by our master repurchase agreement with UBS AG, or UBS, or our UBS Master Repurchase Agreement. See our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information regarding our UBS Master Repurchase Agreement and secured financing facility.
    Our secured financing facility has an aggregate maximum capacity of $200,000 and the table below summarizes our secured financing facility as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024:
    Principal Balance
    Carrying Value(1)
    Coupon Rate (2)
    Remaining Maturity (years)Maturity DateCollateral Principal Balance
    March 31, 2025:
    Revere, MA (Hotel)$28,770 $28,376 7.22 %1.257/1/2026$40,000 
    Wayne, PA (Industrial)12,885 12,708 7.17 %2.307/18/202718,580 
    Total/weighted average$41,655 $41,084 7.20 %1.60$58,580 
    September 30, 2024:
    Revere, MA (Hotel)$28,770 $28,393 7.82 %1.757/1/2026$40,000 
    Wayne, PA (Industrial)12,885 12,716 7.77 %2.807/18/202717,180 
    Total/weighted average$41,655 $41,109 7.80 %2.10$57,180 
    (1)Deferred financing costs of $571 remain unamortized as of March 31, 2025.
    (2)The coupon rate is determined using the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, or SOFR, plus a spread ranging from 2.85% to 2.90%, as applicable, for the respective borrowings under our secured financing facility as of the applicable date.
    As of March 31, 2025, we were in compliance with the covenants and other terms of the agreements that govern our secured financing facility.
    13

    Table of Contents
    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    Mortgage Note Payable, Net
    As of March 31, 2025, one of our residential properties is encumbered by a $46,500 mortgage loan with a 5.34% fixed interest rate. This mortgage loan requires monthly payments of interest only until maturity in July 2029. Deferred financing fees incurred in connection with this mortgage financing are amortized over the term of the mortgage agreement and are recorded as a component of interest expense in our condensed consolidated statements of income. Unamortized deferred financing fees totaled $1,211 as of March 31, 2025.
    Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility
    In January 2025, we entered into a credit agreement, or our credit agreement, for a $100,000 senior secured revolving credit facility, or our revolving credit facility. Our revolving credit facility is secured by substantially all of our assets and provides us with enhanced financial flexibility as we continue to invest in our private capital initiatives and position ourselves to capitalize on long term growth opportunities. We can borrow, repay and reborrow funds available under our revolving credit facility until maturity, and no principal repayments on borrowings under our credit agreement are due until maturity. The maturity date of our credit agreement is January 22, 2028 and, subject to the payment of an extension fee and meeting certain other requirements, we can extend the maturity date of our revolving credit facility by one year. Interest is payable on borrowings under our credit agreement at a rate of SOFR plus a margin of 225 basis points. We are also required to pay a fee of 50 basis points per annum on the amount of unused lending commitments. Our credit agreement contains a number of covenants, including covenants that require us to maintain certain financial ratios and restrict our ability to incur additional debt in excess of calculated amounts. Availability of borrowings under our credit agreement is subject to ongoing minimum performance, our satisfying certain financial covenants and other credit facility conditions. As of March 31, 2025 and April 30, 2025, we had no amounts outstanding.
    Note 7. Investments
    Seven Hills Realty Trust
    As of March 31, 2025, Tremont owned 1,708,058, or approximately 11.5%, of SEVN’s outstanding common shares. We account for our investment in SEVN using the equity method of accounting because we are deemed to exert significant influence, but not control, over SEVN’s most significant activities. We elected the fair value option to account for our investment in SEVN and determined fair value using the closing price of SEVN’s common shares as of the end of the period, which is a Level 1 fair value input. The aggregate market value of our investment in SEVN as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024, based on quoted market prices, was $21,334 and $23,520, respectively. The unrealized (loss) gain in our condensed consolidated statements of income related to our investment in SEVN was $(409) and $563 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $(990) and $4,612 for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We received distributions from SEVN of $598 and $597 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $1,196 and $1,195 for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
    Carroll MF VII, LLC and Carroll Multifamily Venture VII, LP
    Prior to December 2024, we accounted for our investment in Carroll MF VII, LLC, or MF VII, a co-investment vehicle managed by RMR Residential, using the equity method of accounting because we were deemed to exert significant influence, but not control, over MF VII’s most significant activities. Accordingly, this investment was recorded in investments in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2024 and was not consolidated.
    In December 2024, we funded a $768 capital call to MF VII and reevaluated our consolidation considerations. As a result of our increased equity interest of 14.3% and existing influence over MF VII’s most significant activities, we concluded that we control MF VII and, therefore, consolidated its financial position and results as of and for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025, which included $687 in accounts payable and accrued expenses. As of March 31, 2025, MF VII owned a $3,813 investment in Carroll Multifamily Venture VII, LP, or Fund VII. MF VII accounts for its investment in Fund VII using the equity method of accounting because it is deemed to exert significant influence, but not control, over Fund VII’s most significant activities. MF VII elected the fair value option to account for its investment in Fund VII and determines fair value
    14

    Table of Contents
    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    using unobservable Level 3 inputs. The unrealized loss in our condensed consolidated statements of income related to our investment in MF VII was $300 and $790 for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025, respectively.
    Private Capital Joint Ventures
    In the second fiscal quarter of 2025, we closed two joint venture acquisitions: (i) a 225-unit residential community in Pompano Beach, FL, or the Pompano JV, and (ii) a 400-unit residential community in Sunrise, FL, or the Sunrise JV, for an aggregate purchase price of $190,100. As general partner of both joint ventures, we made an aggregate equity contribution of $11,031, with institutional investors funding the remaining equity. In conjunction with these transactions, we earned aggregate acquisition fees of $664 and are entitled to construction management and property management fees pursuant to management agreements with these private capital joint ventures. We are also entitled to a carried interest if we meet certain investment returns. We account for our investments in the Pompano JV and Sunrise JV using the equity method of accounting because we are deemed to exert significant influence, but not control, over these joint ventures’ most significant activities. We elected the fair value option to account for our investments and determined their fair values using unobservable Level 3 inputs. There was no change in the fair value of our investments in the Pompano JV and Sunrise JV for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025.
    For further information regarding the fair value of these investments and the inputs used, see Note 9, Fair Value of Financial Instruments, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
    Note 8. Income Taxes
    We are the sole managing member of RMR LLC. We are a corporation subject to U.S. federal and state income tax with respect to our allocable share of any taxable income of RMR LLC and its tax consolidated subsidiaries. RMR LLC is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and most applicable state and local income tax purposes. As a partnership, RMR LLC is generally not subject to U.S. federal and most state income taxes. Any taxable income or loss generated by RMR LLC is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including RMR Inc. and ABP Trust, based on each member’s respective ownership percentage. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, all of our income before taxes was derived solely from domestic operations.
    For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we recognized estimated income tax expense of $1,378 and $2,120, respectively, which includes $986 and $1,635, respectively, of U.S. federal income tax and $392 and $485, respectively, of state income taxes. For the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we recognized estimated income tax expense of $3,854 and $4,758, respectively, which includes $2,798 and $3,336, respectively, of U.S. federal income tax and $1,056 and $1,422, respectively, of state income taxes.
    A reconciliation of the statutory income tax rate to the effective tax rate is as follows:
    Three Months Ended March 31,Six Months Ended March 31,
    2025202420252024
    Income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
    State taxes, net of federal benefit3.2 %2.5 %3.0 %2.6 %
    Permanent items0.7 %0.5 %0.7 %0.6 %
    Uncertain tax position reserve, net of federal benefit0.3 %— %0.2 %— %
    Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest(10.0)%(9.7)%(9.9)%(9.8)%
    Total15.2 %14.3 %15.0 %14.4 %
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    Table of Contents
    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    The components of the deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2025 and 2024 are entirely comprised of the outside basis difference in our partnership interest in RMR LLC.
    ASC 740, Income Taxes, provides a model for how a company should recognize, measure and present in its financial statements uncertain tax positions that have been taken or are expected to be taken with respect to all open years and in all significant jurisdictions. Pursuant to this topic, we recognize a tax benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that a particular tax position will be sustained upon examination or audit. To the extent the “more likely than not” standard has been satisfied, the benefit associated with a tax position is measured as the largest amount that is greater than 50.0% likely to be realized upon settlement. 
    We continue to be subject to federal, state, and local income tax audit examinations for open periods, which can lead to adjustments to our provision for income taxes, the resolution of which may be highly uncertain. We have accrued an uncertain tax position reserve related to an ongoing examination with a state jurisdiction for the fiscal years ending September 30, 2019 and thereafter. As of March 31, 2024, we had no uncertain tax positions. Our policy is to include interest expense related to unrecognized tax benefits within the provision for income taxes in our condensed consolidated statements of income. We do not reasonably expect any significant changes relating to our unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months.
    Note 9. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
    We determine the estimated fair value of financial assets and liabilities using the three-tier fair value hierarchy established by GAAP, which prioritizes observable inputs in active markets when measuring fair value. The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value in order of priority are as follows:
    Level 1 — Inputs include quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access.
    Level 2 — Inputs include quoted prices in markets that are less active or inactive or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.
    Level 3 — Inputs include unobservable prices and are supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the overall fair value measurement.
    As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024, the fair values of our financial instruments, which include cash and cash equivalents, amounts due from related parties, accounts payable and accrued expenses and reimbursable accounts payable and accrued expenses, were not materially different from their carrying values due to the short term nature of these financial instruments.
    We estimate the fair value of our fixed rate mortgage note payable, loans held for investment and outstanding principal balances under our secured financing facility using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), including discounted cash flow analyses and prevailing market interest rates.
    The table below provides information regarding these financial instruments not carried at fair value in our consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024:
    As of March 31, 2025
    As of September 30, 2024
    Carrying Value
    Fair Value
    Carrying Value
    Fair Value
    Loans held for investment
    $58,086 $59,282 $56,221 $57,365 
    Secured financing facility
    41,084 41,862 41,109 41,793 
    Mortgage note payable
    45,289 45,921 45,149 46,520 
    On a recurring basis, we measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value based upon quoted market prices. ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements, establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, or Level 1, the lowest priority to unobservable inputs, or Level 3, and significant other observable inputs, or Level 2. A financial asset’s or financial liability’s fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
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    Table of Contents
    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    The following tables present our financial assets and liabilities that have been measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
    March 31, 2025
    Total
    Level 1
    Level 2
    Level 3
    Due from related parties related to share based payment awards$7,476 $7,476 $— $— 
    Investment in SEVN21,334 21,334 — — 
    Investment in Fund VII3,813 — — 3,813 
    Investment in joint ventures
    11,031 — — 11,031 
    Employer compensation liability related to share based payment awards7,476 7,476 — — 
    Earnout liability7,278 — — 7,278 
    September 30, 2024
    Total
    Level 1
    Level 2
    Level 3
    Due from related parties related to share based payment awards$14,339 $14,339 $— $— 
    Investment in SEVN23,520 23,520 — — 
    Employer compensation liability related to share based payment awards14,339 14,339 — — 
    Earnout liability11,958 — — 11,958 
    The following tables present additional information about the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs for financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value and categorized within Level 3 as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024:
    March 31, 2025
    Fair Value
    Valuation Technique
    Unobservable Input
    Range
    Investment in Fund VII$3,813 
    Discounted cash flow
    Discount rates
    6.50% - 7.00%
    Exit capitalization rates
    5.00% - 5.50%
    Holding period
    10 years
    Investment in joint ventures
    $11,031 Discounted cash flow
    Unlevered IRR
    12.02% - 12.37%
    Exit capitalization rates
    4.97% - 5.15%
    Holding period
    3 years
    Earnout liability
    $7,278 
    Monte Carlo
    Capital deployment volatility
    15.00%
    Discount rate
    6.05%
    September 30, 2024
    Fair Value
    Valuation Technique
    Unobservable Input
    Range
    Earnout liability
    $11,958 
    Monte Carlo
    Capital deployment volatility
    15.00%
    Discount rate
    5.53%
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    Table of Contents
    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    The tables below present a summary of the changes in fair value of our investment in Fund VII and Earnout liability measured on a recurring basis:
    Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
    March 31, 2025March 31, 2025
    Beginning balance
    $4,113 $— 
    Changes in fair value for our investment in Fund VII
    (300)3,813 
    Ending balance
    3,813 3,813 
    Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
    March 31, 2025March 31, 2025
    Beginning balance
    $8,548 $11,958 
    Changes in fair value for our Earnout liability
    (1,270)(4,680)
    Ending balance
    $7,278 $7,278 
    Note 10. Related Person Transactions
    Adam Portnoy, Chair of our Board, one of our Managing Directors and our President and Chief Executive Officer, is the sole trustee, an officer and the controlling shareholder of our controlling shareholder, ABP Trust. RMR Inc.’s executive officers serve as trustees or directors of certain companies to which we provide management services. For more information regarding these relationships, please see our definitive Proxy Statement for our 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
    The Perpetual Capital clients have no employees. RMR LLC provides or arranges for all the personnel, overhead and services required for the operation of the Managed Equity REITs pursuant to management agreements with them. The officers of the Managed Equity REITs are officers or employees of RMR LLC. All the officers, overhead and required office space of SEVN are provided or arranged by Tremont. All of SEVN’s officers are officers or employees of Tremont or RMR LLC. One of the executive officers of AlerisLife and one of the executive officers of Sonesta are officers or employees of RMR LLC. Our executive officers are also managing trustees of certain of the Perpetual Capital clients.
    Additional information about our related person transactions appears in Note 11, Shareholders’ Equity, and in our 2024 Annual Report.
    18

    Table of Contents
    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    Revenues from Related Parties
    For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we recognized revenues from related parties as set forth in the following table:
    Three Months Ended March 31, 2025Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
    TotalTotal
    ManagementManagement
    and AdvisoryTotaland AdvisoryTotal
    ServicesReimbursableTotalServicesReimbursableTotal
    RevenuesCostsRevenuesRevenuesCostsRevenues
    Perpetual Capital:
    DHC$5,432 $22,797 $28,229 $6,089 $26,789 $32,878 
    ILPT9,058 8,429 17,487 9,289 8,939 18,228 
    OPI5,861 38,193 44,054 7,708 47,914 55,622 
    SVC9,805 24,476 34,281 11,090 60,139 71,229 
    Total Managed Equity REITs30,156 93,895 124,051 34,176 143,781 177,957 
    SEVN1,144 1,320 2,464 1,195 1,478 2,673 
    31,300 95,215 126,515 35,371 145,259 180,630 
    Private Capital:
    AlerisLife
    1,421 — 1,421 1,451 — 1,451 
    Sonesta2,021 — 2,021 2,000 — 2,000 
    RMR Residential
    5,259 6,052 11,311 5,462 7,413 12,875 
    Other private entities5,504 17,825 23,329 5,362 15,431 20,793 
    14,205 23,877 38,082 14,275 22,844 37,119 
    Total revenues from related parties45,505 119,092 164,597 49,646 168,103 217,749 
    Income from loan investments, net— — 646 — — — 
    Rental property revenues— — 1,425 — — 198 
    Total revenues from unrelated parties— — 2,071 — — 198 
    Total revenues$45,505 $119,092 $166,668 $49,646 $168,103 $217,947 
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    Table of Contents
    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    For the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we recognized revenues from related parties as set forth in the following table:
    Six Months Ended March 31, 2025Six Months Ended March 31, 2024
    TotalTotal
    ManagementManagement
    and AdvisoryTotaland AdvisoryTotal
    ServicesReimbursableTotalServicesReimbursableTotal
    RevenuesCostsRevenuesRevenuesCostsRevenues
    Perpetual Capital:
    DHC$12,026 $65,294 $77,320 $12,410 $72,005 $84,415 
    ILPT18,368 18,622 36,990 18,330 19,615 37,945 
    OPI12,407 81,299 93,706 16,187 116,291 132,478 
    SVC19,911 73,946 93,857 22,713 133,938 156,651 
    Total Managed Equity REITs62,712 239,161 301,873 69,640 341,849 411,489 
    SEVN2,374 2,799 5,173 2,628 3,012 5,640 
    65,086 241,960 307,046 72,268 344,861 417,129 
    Private Capital:
    AlerisLife
    2,821 — 2,821 2,833 — 2,833 
    Sonesta4,245 — 4,245 4,223 — 4,223 
    RMR Residential
    10,424 13,389 23,813 6,176 8,325 14,501 
    Other private entities10,321 33,659 43,980 10,664 30,070 40,734 
    27,811 47,048 74,859 23,896 38,395 62,291 
    Total revenues from related parties92,897 289,008 381,905 96,164 383,256 479,420 
    Income from loan investments, net— — 1,192 — — — 
    Rental property revenues— — 3,047 — — 224 
    Total revenues from unrelated parties— — 4,239 — — 224 
    Total revenues$92,897 $289,008 $386,144 $96,164 $383,256 $479,644 

    20

    Table of Contents
    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    Amounts Due From Related Parties

    The following table presents amounts due from related parties as of the dates indicated:
    March 31, 2025September 30, 2024
    AccountsReimbursableAccountsReimbursable
    ReceivableCostsTotalReceivableCostsTotal
    Perpetual Capital:
    DHC$4,528 $12,007 $16,535 $6,307 $11,358 $17,665 
    ILPT4,148 4,935 9,083 4,244 7,968 12,212 
    OPI4,784 22,591 27,375 5,877 20,132 26,009 
    SVC6,547 6,998 13,545 5,470 8,591 14,061 
    Total Managed Equity REITs20,007 46,531 66,538 21,898 48,049 69,947 
    SEVN1,241 1,951 3,192 2,551 2,601 5,152 
    21,248 48,482 69,730 24,449 50,650 75,099 
    Private Capital:
    AlerisLife571 — 571 570 — 570 
    Sonesta108 — 108 82 — 82 
    RMR Residential
    9,914 — 9,914 9,587 — 9,587 
    Other private entities3,200 12,147 15,347 3,909 54,133 58,042 
    13,793 12,147 25,940 14,148 54,133 68,281 
    $35,041 $60,629 $95,670 $38,597 $104,783 $143,380 
    Leases
    As of March 31, 2025, RMR LLC leased from ABP Trust and certain Managed Equity REITs office space for use as our headquarters and local offices. We incurred rental expense under related party leases aggregating $1,334 and $1,438 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $2,732 and $2,745 for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
    Tax-Related Payments
    Pursuant to our tax receivable agreement with ABP Trust, RMR Inc. pays to ABP Trust 85.0% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax or franchise tax that RMR Inc. realizes as a result of (a) the increases in tax basis attributable to RMR Inc.’s dealings with ABP Trust and (b) tax benefits related to imputed interest deemed to be paid by RMR Inc. as a result of the tax receivable agreement. As of March 31, 2025, our condensed consolidated balance sheet reflects a liability related to the tax receivable agreement of $20,863, including $2,421 classified as a current liability in accounts payable and accrued expenses that we expect to pay to ABP Trust during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025.
    Pursuant to the RMR LLC operating agreement, for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, RMR LLC made required quarterly tax distributions to holders of its membership units totaling $12,679 and $15,253, respectively, of which $6,741 and $8,092, respectively, was distributed to us and $5,938 and $7,161, respectively, was distributed to ABP Trust, based on each membership unit holder’s respective ownership percentage at the time of distribution. The amounts distributed to us were eliminated in our condensed consolidated financial statements, and the amounts distributed to ABP Trust were recorded as a reduction of its noncontrolling interest. We use funds from these distributions to pay certain of our U.S. federal and state income tax liabilities and to pay part of our obligations under the tax receivable agreement.
    Separation Arrangements
    We may enter into retirement agreements with certain of our former executive officers. Pursuant to these agreements, we make various cash payments and accelerate the vesting of unvested shares of RMR Inc. previously awarded to these retiring officers. We may also enter into separation arrangements from time to time with executive and non-executive officers and employees of ours. All costs associated with separation arrangements, for which there remain no substantive performance obligations, are recorded in our condensed consolidated statements of income as separation costs.
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    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    RMR LLC entered into a letter agreement, or the Retirement Agreement, dated February 5, 2025, with Jennifer B. Clark, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of RMR Inc. and of RMR LLC. For more information on the Retirement Agreement, see Part II, Item 5 “Other Information” of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on February 5, 2025.
    For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we recognized separation costs for certain officers and employees of $3,455 and $410, respectively, including cash separation costs of $3,178 and $0, respectively, and equity based separation costs of $277 and $410, respectively. For the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we recognized separation costs for certain officers and employees of $3,455 and $3,954, respectively, including cash separation costs of $3,178 and $3,446, respectively, and equity based separation costs of $277 and $508, respectively.
    Note 11. Shareholders’ Equity
    We award our Class A common stock, or Class A Common Shares, to our Directors, officers and employees under the Second Amended and Restated 2016 Omnibus Equity Plan adopted at our 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. Director share awards vest immediately. Officer and employee share awards vest in five equal, consecutive, annual installments, with the first installment vesting on the date of award. We recognize forfeitures as they occur. Compensation expense related to share awards is determined based on the market value of our shares on the date of award, with the aggregate value of the awarded shares amortized to expense over the related vesting period. Expense recognized for Director share awards are included in general and administrative expenses and expense recognized for officer and employee share awards are included in equity based compensation in our condensed consolidated statements of income.
    On March 27, 2025, we awarded 5,988 of our Class A Common Shares, valued at $16.70 per share, the closing price of our Class A Common Shares on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, or Nasdaq, on that day, to each of our six Directors as part of his or her annual compensation for serving as a Director. For the six months ended March 31, 2025, we recorded general and administrative expense of $600 for these awards.
    Equity based compensation expense related to shares awarded to certain officers and employees was $474 and $458 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $1,030 and $960 for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. As of March 31, 2025, we had 229,051 unvested shares outstanding which are scheduled to vest as follows: 90,701 shares in 2025, 62,858 shares in 2026, 47,145 shares in 2027 and 28,347 in 2028.
    In connection with the vesting and issuance of awards of our Class A Common Shares to our Directors, officers and employees, we provide for the ability to repurchase our Class A Common Shares to satisfy tax withholding and payment obligations for those eligible to do so. The repurchase price is based on the closing price of our Class A Common Shares on the date of repurchase. The aggregate value of 1,377 and 1,671 Class A Common Shares repurchased during the three and six months ended March 31, 2025 was $23 and $29, respectively, which is recorded as a decrease to additional paid in capital included in shareholders’ equity in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
    In connection with the issuances and repurchases of our Class A Common Shares, and as required by the RMR LLC operating agreement, RMR LLC concurrently issues or acquires an identical number of Class A Units from RMR Inc.
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    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    Distributions
    During the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we declared and paid dividends on our Class A Common Shares and Class B-1 common stock, or Class B-1 Common Shares, as follows:
    DeclarationRecordPaidDistributionsTotal
    DateDateDatePer Common ShareDistributions
    Six Months Ended March 31, 2025
    10/16/202410/28/202411/14/2024$0.45 $7,581 
    1/16/20251/27/20252/20/20250.45 7,580 
    $0.90 $15,161 
    Six Months Ended March 31, 2024
    10/12/202310/23/202311/16/2023$0.40 $6,684 
    1/11/20241/22/20242/15/20240.40 6,684 
    $0.80 $13,368 
    These dividends were funded in part by distributions from RMR LLC to holders of its membership units as follows:
    Distributions PerTotalRMR LLCRMR LLC
    DeclarationRecordPaidRMR LLCRMR LLCDistributionsDistributions
    DateDateDateMembership UnitDistributionsto RMR Inc.to ABP Trust
    Six Months Ended March 31, 2025
    10/16/202410/28/202411/14/2024$0.32 $10,191 $5,391 $4,800 
    1/16/20251/27/20252/20/20250.32 10,190 5,390 4,800 
    $0.64 $20,381 $10,781 $9,600 
    Six Months Ended March 31, 2024
    10/12/202310/23/202311/16/2023$0.32 $10,148 $5,348 $4,800 
    1/11/20241/22/20242/15/20240.32 10,147 5,347 4,800 
    $0.64 $20,295 $10,695 $9,600 
    As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $137,186 and $141,599, respectively, of which $21,317 and $23,189, respectively, was held by RMR Inc., and $115,869 and $118,410, respectively, was held by RMR LLC and its subsidiaries. The remainder of the dividends noted above were funded with cash accumulated at RMR Inc.
    On April 10, 2025, we declared a quarterly dividend on our Class A Common Shares and Class B-1 Common Shares to our shareholders of record as of April 22, 2025, in the amount of $0.45 per Class A Common Share and Class B-1 Common Share, or $7,596. This dividend will be partially funded by a distribution from RMR LLC to holders of its membership units in the amount of $0.32 per unit, or $10,201, of which $5,401 will be distributed to us based on our aggregate ownership of 16,879,239 membership units of RMR LLC and $4,800 will be distributed to ABP Trust based on its ownership of 15,000,000 membership units of RMR LLC. The remainder of this dividend will be funded with cash held by RMR Inc. We expect to pay this dividend on or about May 15, 2025.
    Note 12. Per Common Share Amounts
    We calculate basic earnings per share using the two-class method. Unvested Class A Common Shares awarded to our employees are deemed participating securities for purposes of calculating basic earnings per common share because they have dividend rights. Under the two-class method, we allocate earnings proportionately to vested Class A Common Shares and Class B-1 Common Shares outstanding and unvested Class A Common Shares outstanding for the period. Accordingly, earnings attributable to unvested Class A Common Shares are excluded from basic earnings per share under the two-class method. Our Class B-2 common stock of RMR Inc., or Class B-2 Common Shares, which are paired with ABP Trust’s Class A Units, have no independent economic interest in RMR Inc. and thus are not included as common shares outstanding for purposes of calculating basic earnings per common share.
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    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    Diluted earnings per share is calculated using the treasury stock method for unvested Class A Common Shares and the if-converted method for Class B-2 Common Shares. The 15,000,000 Class A Units that we do not own may be redeemed for our Class A Common Shares on a one-for-one basis, or upon such redemption, we may elect to pay cash instead of issuing Class A Common Shares. Upon redemption of a Class A Unit, the Class B-2 Common Share “paired” with such unit is canceled for no additional consideration. In computing the dilutive effect, if any, the assumed redemption would have on earnings per share, we considered net income available to holders of our Class A Common Shares would increase due to elimination of the noncontrolling interest offset by any tax effect, which may be dilutive. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the assumed redemption is anti-dilutive to earnings per share. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the assumed redemption is dilutive to earnings per share.
    The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, is as follows (amounts in thousands, except per share amounts):
    Three Months Ended March 31,Six Months Ended March 31,
    2025202420252024
    Numerators:
    Net income attributable to The RMR Group Inc.$3,616 $5,862 $9,996 $12,859 
    Less: income attributable to unvested participating securities(104)(78)(209)(159)
    Net income attributable to The RMR Group Inc. used in calculating basic EPS
    3,512 5,784 9,787 12,700 
    Effect of dilutive securities:
    Add back: income attributable to unvested participating securities— 78 209 159 
    Add back: net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in The RMR Group LLC (1)
    — 6,863 12,059 15,394 
    Add back: income tax expense
    — 2,120 3,854 4,758 
    Less: income tax expense assuming redemption of noncontrolling interest’s Class A Units for Class A Common Shares (2)
    — (4,268)(7,477)(9,398)
    Net income used in calculating diluted EPS$3,512 $10,577 $18,432 $23,613 
    Denominators:
    Common shares outstanding16,879 16,731 16,879 16,731 
    Less: unvested participating securities and incremental impact of weighted average(263)(216)(265)(220)
    Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic
    16,616 16,515 16,614 16,511 
    Effect of dilutive securities:
    Add: assumed redemption of noncontrolling interest’s Class A Units for Class A Common Shares— 15,000 15,000 15,000 
    Add: incremental unvested shares— 24 3 14 
    Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted
    16,616 31,539 31,617 31,525 
    Net income attributable to The RMR Group Inc. per common share - basic
    $0.21 $0.35 $0.59 $0.77 
    Net income attributable to The RMR Group Inc. per common share - diluted
    $0.21 $0.34 $0.58 $0.75 
    (1)Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in consolidated entity is not adjusted when calculating diluted earnings per share.
    (2)Income tax expense assumes the hypothetical conversion of the noncontrolling interest in The RMR Group LLC, which results in an estimated tax rate of 28.9% for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 28.7% and 28.5% for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, respectively.
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    The RMR Group Inc.
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    Note 13. Net Income Attributable to RMR Inc.
    Net income attributable to RMR Inc. for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, is calculated as follows:
    Three Months Ended March 31,Six Months Ended March 31,
    2025202420252024
    Income before income tax expense$9,072 $14,833 $25,656 $32,997 
    RMR Inc. franchise tax expense and interest income(125)(297)(247)(429)
    Net income before noncontrolling interest8,947 14,536 25,409 32,568 
    Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in The RMR Group LLC(4,337)(6,863)(12,059)(15,394)
    Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in consolidated entity259 12 253 14 
    Net income attributable to RMR Inc. before income tax expense4,869 7,685 13,603 17,188 
    Income tax expense attributable to RMR Inc.(1,378)(2,120)(3,854)(4,758)
    RMR Inc. franchise tax expense and interest income125 297 247 429 
    Net income attributable to RMR Inc.$3,616 $5,862 $9,996 $12,859 
    Note 14. Subsequent Events
    As part of our strategic initiative to expand our private capital business, our plan is to acquire a small portfolio of value-add retail properties to establish a track record in this sector for future fundraising efforts. In April 2025, we closed an acquisition of a 77% leased, 22-acre community shopping center in Chicago, IL for a purchase price of $21,250, excluding closing costs. We acquired this value-add property in an all-cash transaction.
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    Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
    The following information should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our 2024 Annual Report.
    OVERVIEW (dollars in thousands)
    RMR Inc. is a holding company and substantially all of its business is conducted by RMR LLC. RMR Inc. has no employees, and the personnel and various services it requires to operate are provided by RMR LLC. RMR LLC manages a diverse portfolio of real estate and real estate related businesses.
    Business Environment and Outlook
    The continuation and growth of our business depends upon our ability to manage the Managed Equity REITs, our private capital clients and SEVN so as to maintain, grow and increase the value of their businesses, to assist AlerisLife and Sonesta to grow their businesses and operate profitably, and to successfully expand our business through the execution of new business ventures and additional investments. Our business and the businesses of our clients generally follow the business cycle of the U.S. real estate industry, but with certain property type and regional geographic variations. Typically, as the general U.S. economy expands, commercial real estate, or CRE, occupancies increase and new real estate development occurs; new development frequently leads to increased real estate supply and reduced occupancies; and then the cycle repeats. These general trends can be impacted by property type characteristics or regional factors; for example, demographic factors such as the aging U.S. population, the growth of e-commerce retail sales or net population migration across different geographic regions can slow, accelerate, overwhelm or otherwise impact general cyclical trends. Because of such multiple factors, we believe it is often possible to grow real estate based businesses in selected property types or geographic areas despite general national trends.
    Beyond general CRE trends, we also take into account broader economic factors impacting our clients. CRE investors entered 2025 with cautious optimism. By the end of 2024, citing progress towards attaining its 2% inflation target, the Federal Open Market Committee, or FOMC, lowered the targeted federal funds rate by a combined 100 basis points, providing CRE investors a level of certainty and conviction around buy, sell or refinance decisions, and debt liquidity continued to return to the market.

    The cautious optimism that was common in the markets earlier in the year has now begun to wane as investors direct their attention to the administration’s new trade policies and recent tariff announcements. Although we believe markets had already priced in a baseline level of tariffs, the ultimate scope and magnitude of the announced rates were unexpected, creating new uncertainty and capital markets volatility.

    The FOMC’s dual mandate to ensure price stability and to maximize employment is again in focus. An increased risk of an economic recession may lead to job losses and the FOMC may need to consider lowering the target federal funds rate, a potentially welcome outcome for leveraged property owners. Alternatively, widespread tariffs, if prolonged, may contribute to greater inflation, which could cause the FOMC to consider maintaining or even increasing rates to slow potential, long-term inflationary pressures.

    At the beginning of the year, CRE investors believed they had a clear view on the path of short-term rates while 5- and 10-year U.S. Treasury yields remained somewhat elevated. Today, it is much less clear what the FOMC’s intentions are going forward and what the outlook is for short-term interest rates in the current economic climate. As for longer term interest rates, the 5- and 10-year U.S. Treasury yields continue to be elevated and quite volatile, making it difficult for borrowers that must refinance maturing loans to lock in long-term fixed rates in this environment.

    Both we and our clients will continue to balance our pursuit of growth of our and our clients’ businesses by executing, on behalf of our clients, prudent capital recycling or business arrangement restructurings in an attempt to help our clients prudently manage leverage and increased operating costs. We also look to reposition their portfolios and businesses when circumstances warrant such changes or when other more desirable opportunities are identified.
    Managed Equity REITs
    The base business management fees we earn from the Managed Equity REITs are calculated monthly in accordance with the applicable business management agreement and are based on a percentage of the lower of (i) the average historical cost of each REIT’s properties and (ii) each REIT’s average market capitalization. The property management fees we earn from the Managed Equity REITs are principally based on a percentage of the gross rents collected at certain managed properties owned by the Managed Equity REITs, excluding rents or other revenues from hotels, senior living properties and wellness centers,
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    which are separately managed by AlerisLife, Sonesta or a third party. Also under the terms of the property management agreements, we receive construction supervision fees in connection with certain construction activities undertaken at the properties owned by the Managed Equity REITs based on a percentage of the cost of such construction. For further information regarding the fees we earn, see Note 4, Revenue Recognition, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
    The following table presents for each Managed Equity REIT a summary of its primary strategy and the lesser of the historical cost of its assets under management and its market capitalization as of March 31, 2025 and 2024, as applicable:
    Lesser of Historical Cost of Assets
    Under Management or
    Total Market Capitalization as of
    March 31,
    REITPrimary Strategy20252024
    DHCMedical office and life science properties, senior living communities and other healthcare related properties$3,469,383 $3,644,100 
    ILPTIndustrial and logistics properties4,530,731 4,603,897 
    OPIOffice properties primarily leased to single tenants and those with high credit quality characteristics2,468,647 2,728,780 
    SVCHotels and service-focused retail net lease properties6,211,123 6,756,986 
    $16,679,884 $17,733,763 
    A Managed Equity REIT’s historical cost of assets under management includes the real estate it owns and its consolidated assets invested directly or indirectly in equity interests in or loans secured by real estate and personal property owned in connection with such real estate (including acquisition related costs which may be allocated to intangibles or are unallocated), all before reserves for depreciation, amortization, impairment charges or bad debts or other similar non-cash reserves. A Managed Equity REIT’s average market capitalization includes the average value of the Managed Equity REIT’s outstanding common equity value during the period, plus the daily weighted average of each of the aggregate liquidation preference of preferred shares and the principal amount of consolidated indebtedness during the period. The table above presents for each Managed Equity REIT, the lesser of the historical cost of its assets under management and its market capitalization as of the end of each period.
    The basis on which our base business management fees are calculated for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 may differ from the basis at the end of the periods presented in the table above. As of March 31, 2025, the market capitalization was lower than the historical cost of assets under management for each of the Managed Equity REITs; the historical cost of assets under management for DHC, ILPT, OPI and SVC as of March 31, 2025, were $7,416,599, $5,703,960, $5,352,300 and $11,363,702, respectively.
    The fee revenues we earned from the Managed Equity REITs for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are set forth in the following tables:
    Three Months Ended March 31, 2025Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
    BasePropertyBaseProperty
    BusinessManagementConstructionBusinessManagementConstruction
    Managementand OtherSupervisionManagement and OtherSupervision
    REIT RevenuesRevenuesRevenuesTotalRevenuesRevenuesRevenuesTotal
    DHC$3,913 $1,286 $233 $5,432 $4,154 $1,415 $520 $6,089 
    ILPT5,760 3,257 41 9,058 5,875 3,341 73 9,289 
    OPI
    2,843 2,668 350 5,861 3,307 3,630 771 7,708 
    SVC7,062 2,086 657 9,805 7,910 1,484 1,696 11,090 
    $19,578 $9,297 $1,281 $30,156 $21,246 $9,870 $3,060 $34,176 
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    Six Months Ended March 31, 2025Six Months Ended March 31, 2024
    BasePropertyBaseProperty
    BusinessManagementConstructionBusinessManagementConstruction
    Managementand OtherSupervisionManagement and OtherSupervision
    REIT RevenuesRevenuesRevenuesTotalRevenuesRevenuesRevenuesTotal
    DHC$8,198 $2,631 $1,197 $12,026 $7,961 $2,873 $1,576 $12,410 
    ILPT11,678 6,479 211 18,368 11,753 6,380 197 18,330 
    OPI
    5,830 5,575 1,002 12,407 6,627 7,077 2,483 16,187 
    SVC14,271 3,594 2,046 19,911 16,455 2,380 3,878 22,713 
    $39,977 $18,279 $4,456 $62,712 $42,796 $18,710 $8,134 $69,640 
    Other Clients
    We provide business management services to AlerisLife and Sonesta. AlerisLife operates senior living communities throughout the U.S., many of which are owned by and managed for DHC. Sonesta manages and franchises hotels, resorts and cruise ships in the United States, Latin America, the Caribbean and the Middle East; many of the U.S. hotels that Sonesta operates are owned by SVC. Generally, our fees earned from business management services to AlerisLife and Sonesta are based on a percentage of certain revenues.
    In addition, we also provide management services to certain other Private Capital clients, including high-quality institutional investors relationships we maintain through RMR Residential, and earn fees based on a percentage of average invested capital, as defined in the applicable agreements, property management fees based on a percentage of rents collected from managed properties and construction supervision fees based on a percentage of the cost of construction activities. RMR Residential also provides us the potential to generate a carried interest on any new co-investments in the future.
    Our management fee revenues from services to these clients for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, are set forth in the following tables:
    Three Months Ended March 31, 2025Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
    BasePropertyBaseProperty
    BusinessManagementConstructionBusinessManagementConstruction
    Management and OtherSupervisionManagement and OtherSupervision
    RevenuesRevenuesRevenuesTotalRevenuesRevenuesRevenuesTotal
    AlerisLife$1,421 $— $— $1,421 $1,451 $— $— $1,451 
    Sonesta2,021 — — 2,021 2,000 — — 2,000 
    RMR Residential120 4,873 266 5,259 154 4,902 406 5,462 
    Other private entities3,017 2,239 248 5,504 3,008 2,209 145 5,362 
    SEVN— 21 — 21 — 9 — 9 
    $6,579 $7,133 $514 $14,226 $6,613 $7,120 $551 $14,284 
    Six Months Ended March 31, 2025Six Months Ended March 31, 2024
    BasePropertyBaseProperty
    BusinessManagementConstructionBusinessManagementConstruction
    Management and OtherSupervisionManagement and OtherSupervision
    RevenuesRevenuesRevenuesTotalRevenuesRevenuesRevenuesTotal
    AlerisLife$2,821 $— $— $2,821 $2,833 $— $— $2,833 
    Sonesta4,245 — — 4,245 4,223 — — 4,223 
    RMR Residential274 9,398 752 10,424 175 5,528 473 6,176 
    Other private entities6,046 3,864 411 10,321 6,064 4,325 275 10,664 
    SEVN— 37 5 42 — 18 — 18 
    $13,386 $13,299 $1,168 $27,853 $13,295 $9,871 $748 $23,914 
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    Advisory Business
    Tremont provides advisory services to SEVN, a publicly traded mortgage REIT that focuses on originating and investing in first mortgage loans secured by middle market and transitional commercial real estate. Tremont is primarily compensated pursuant to its management agreement with SEVN based on a percentage of equity, as defined in the applicable agreement.
    Tremont earned advisory services revenue of $1,104 and $1,126 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $2,245 and $2,251 for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Tremont also earned incentive fees from SEVN of $19 and $60 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $87 and $359 for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
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    RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (dollars in thousands) 
    Three Months Ended March 31, 2025, Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
    The following table presents the changes in our operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024:
    Three Months Ended March 31,
    20252024$ Change% Change
    Revenues:
    Management services$44,382 $48,460 $(4,078)(8.4)%
    Incentive fees19 60 (41)(68.3)%
    Advisory services1,104 1,126 (22)(2.0)%
    Total management, incentive and advisory services revenues45,505 49,646 (4,141)(8.3)%
    Income from loan investments, net646 — 646 n/m
    Rental property revenues1,425 198 1,227 n/m
    Reimbursable compensation and benefits20,611 22,629 (2,018)(8.9)%
    Reimbursable equity based compensation1,132 242 890 n/m
    Other reimbursable expenses97,349 145,232 (47,883)(33.0)%
    Total reimbursable costs119,092 168,103 (49,011)(29.2)%
    Total revenues166,668 217,947 (51,279)(23.5)%
    Expenses:
    Compensation and benefits42,051 44,168 (2,117)(4.8)%
    Equity based compensation1,606 700 906 129.4%
    Separation costs3,455 410 3,045 n/m
    Total compensation and benefits expense47,112 45,278 1,834 4.1%
    General and administrative11,246 11,693 (447)(3.8)%
    Other reimbursable expenses97,349 145,232 (47,883)(33.0)%
    Rental property expenses395 66 329 n/m
    Transaction and acquisition related costs549 2,328 (1,779)(76.4)%
    Depreciation and amortization2,457 1,223 1,234 100.9%
    Total expenses159,108 205,820 (46,712)(22.7)%
    Operating income7,560 12,127 (4,567)(37.7)%
    Interest income1,377 2,523 (1,146)(45.4)%
    Interest expense(871)(80)(791)n/m
    Change in fair value of Earnout liability1,270 (300)1,570 n/m
    (Loss) gain on investments(709)563 (1,272)n/m
    Gain on sale of real estate445 — 445 n/m
    Income before income tax expense9,072 14,833 (5,761)(38.8)%
    Income tax expense(1,378)(2,120)742 35.0%
    Net income7,694 12,713 (5,019)(39.5)%
    Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in The RMR Group LLC(4,337)(6,863)2,526 36.8%
    Net loss attributable to other noncontrolling interests
    259 12 247 n/m
    Net income attributable to The RMR Group Inc.$3,616 $5,862 $(2,246)(38.3)%
    n/m - not meaningful
    Management services revenue. Management services revenue decreased $4,078 primarily due to decreases in base business management revenues from the Managed Equity REITs of $1,668 due to declines in their respective enterprise values, as well as $1,781 in lower construction supervision revenues at the Managed Equity REITs due to lower levels of capital spend.
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    Income from loan investments, net. Income from loan investments, net includes loan investment interest income of $1,454 for loans originated, partially offset by interest expense of $808 incurred as part of our private capital business which began in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2024.
    Rental property revenues. Rental property revenues includes base rental income and non-cash straight line rent adjustments for our rental properties. Rental property revenues increased $1,227 primarily due to our acquisition of a property in Denver, CO in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2024.
    Reimbursable compensation and benefits. Reimbursable compensation and benefits includes reimbursements, at cost, that arise primarily from services our employees provide pursuant to our property management agreements at the properties of our clients. A significant portion of these compensation and benefits are charged or passed through to and paid by tenants of our clients. Reimbursable compensation and benefits decreased $2,018 primarily due to cost containment measures that included headcount reductions over the last twelve months.
    Reimbursable equity based compensation. Reimbursable equity based compensation includes awards of common shares by our clients directly to certain of our officers and employees in connection with the provision of management services to those clients. We record an equal, offsetting amount as equity based compensation expense for the value of these awards. Reimbursable equity based compensation revenue increased $890 primarily as a result of decreases in certain of our clients’ respective share prices in the prior fiscal period.
    Other reimbursable expenses. For further information about these reimbursements, see Note 4, Revenue Recognition, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q.
    Compensation and benefits. Compensation and benefits consists of employee salaries and other employment related costs, including health insurance expenses and contributions related to our employee retirement plan. Compensation and benefits expense decreased $2,117 due to cost containment measures that included headcount reductions over the last twelve months.
    Equity based compensation. Equity based compensation consists of the value of vested shares awarded to certain of our employees under our and our clients’ equity compensation plans. We record an equal offsetting amount as reimbursable equity based compensation revenue for the value of awards under our clients’ equity compensation plans to certain of our employees. Equity based compensation increased $906 primarily as a result of decreases in certain of our clients’ respective share prices in the prior fiscal period.
    Separation costs. Separation costs consists of employment termination costs. For further information about these costs, see Note 10, Related Person Transactions, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q.
    General and administrative. General and administrative expenses consists of office related expenses, information technology related expenses, employee training, travel, professional services expenses, director compensation and other administrative expenses. General and administrative costs decreased $447 primarily due to decreases in third party construction supervision fees, partially offset by increases in professional fees.
    Rental property expenses. Rental property expenses includes property operating expenses, such as real estate taxes, repairs and maintenance and utility costs incurred at our owned properties. Rental property expenses increased $329 primarily due to our acquisition of a property in Denver, CO in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2024.
    Transaction and acquisition related costs. Transaction and acquisition related costs primarily represent costs associated with our acquisition of MPC and related integration expenses.
    Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization increased $1,234 primarily due to depreciation in the current fiscal quarter of our owned property in Denver, CO, which was acquired in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2024.
    Interest income. Interest income decreased $1,146 due to a lower amount of investable cash and lower average interest rates during the current fiscal period compared to the prior period.
    Interest expense. Interest expense increased $791 primarily due to a mortgage note encumbering our owned property in Denver, CO, which was acquired in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2024.
    Change in fair value of Earnout liability. For further information about the Earnout liability, see Note 9. Fair Value of Financial Instruments to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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    (Loss) gain on investments. (Loss) gain on investments represents the unrealized and realized gains or losses on our investment in SEVN common shares and on our consolidation of Carroll MF VII, LLC’s, or MF VII, investment in Carroll Multifamily Venture VII, LP, or Fund VII. For further information, see Note 7, Investments, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
    Gain on sale of real estate. We recorded a $445 gain on sale of real estate resulting from the sale of 260 Woodstock, GA during the current fiscal period.
    Income tax expense. The decrease in income tax expense of $742 is primarily attributable to lower taxable income.
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    Six Months Ended March 31, 2025, Compared to the Six Months Ended March 31, 2024
    The following table presents the changes in our operating results for the six months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the six months ended March 31, 2024:
    Six Months Ended March 31,
    20252024$ Change% Change
    Revenues:
    Management services$90,565 $93,554 $(2,989)(3.2)%
    Incentive fees87 359 (272)(75.8)%
    Advisory services2,245 2,251 (6)(0.3)%
    Total management, incentive and advisory services revenues92,897 96,164 (3,267)(3.4)%
    Income from loan investments, net1,192 — 1,192 n/m
    Rental property revenues3,047 224 2,823 n/m
    Reimbursable compensation and benefits42,401 39,457 2,944 7.5%
    Reimbursable equity based compensation702 2,569 (1,867)(72.7)%
    Other reimbursable expenses245,905 341,230 (95,325)(27.9)%
    Total reimbursable costs289,008 383,256 (94,248)(24.6)%
    Total revenues386,144 479,644 (93,500)(19.5)%
    Expenses:
    Compensation and benefits84,613 78,940 5,673 7.2%
    Equity based compensation1,732 3,529 (1,797)(50.9)%
    Separation costs3,455 3,954 (499)(12.6)%
    Total compensation and benefits expense89,800 86,423 3,377 3.9%
    General and administrative22,530 21,207 1,323 6.2%
    Other reimbursable expenses245,905 341,230 (95,325)(27.9)%
    Rental property expenses821 78 743 n/m
    Transaction and acquisition related costs1,336 6,315 (4,979)(78.8)%
    Depreciation and amortization4,804 1,646 3,158 191.9%
    Total expenses365,196 456,899 (91,703)(20.1)%
    Operating income20,948 22,745 (1,797)(7.9)%
    Interest income2,933 6,031 (3,098)(51.4)%
    Interest expense(1,570)(91)(1,479)n/m
    Change in fair value of Earnout liability4,680 (300)4,980 n/m
    (Loss) gain on investments(1,780)4,612 (6,392)(138.6)%
    Gain on sale of real estate445 — 445 n/m
    Income before income tax expense25,656 32,997 (7,341)(22.2)%
    Income tax expense(3,854)(4,758)904 19.0%
    Net income21,802 28,239 (6,437)(22.8)%
    Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in The RMR Group LLC(12,059)(15,394)3,335 21.7%
    Net loss attributable to other noncontrolling interests
    253 14 239 n/m
    Net income attributable to The RMR Group Inc.$9,996 $12,859 $(2,863)(22.3)%
    n/m - not meaningful
    Management services revenue. Management services revenue decreased $2,989 primarily due to lower construction supervision revenues at the Managed Equity REITs of $3,675 due to lower levels of capital spend, as well as base business management revenues from the Managed Equity REITs of $2,819 due to declines in their respective enterprise values, partially offset by growth in management services revenues of $3,172 related to our acquisition of MPC.
    Income from loan investments, net. Income from loan investments, net includes loan investment interest income of $2,863 for loans originated, partially offset by interest expense of $1,671 incurred as part of our private capital business which began in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2024.
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    Rental property revenues. Rental property revenues includes base rental income and non-cash straight line rent adjustments for our rental properties. Rental property revenues increased $2,823 due to our acquisition of a property in Denver, CO in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2024.
    Reimbursable compensation and benefits. Reimbursable compensation and benefits includes reimbursements, at cost, that arise primarily from services our employees provide pursuant to our property management agreements at the properties of our clients. A significant portion of these compensation and benefits are charged or passed through to and paid by tenants of our clients. Reimbursable compensation and benefits increased $2,944 primarily due to the impact of a full period of RMR Residential’s operations following our MPC acquisition in December 2023, partially offset by cost containment measures that included headcount reductions over the last twelve months.
    Reimbursable equity based compensation. Reimbursable equity based compensation includes awards of common shares by our clients directly to certain of our officers and employees in connection with the provision of management services to those clients. We record an equal, offsetting amount as equity based compensation expense for the value of these awards. Reimbursable equity based compensation revenue decreased $1,867 primarily as a result of decreases in certain of our clients’ respective share prices.
    Other reimbursable expenses. For further information about these reimbursements, see Note 4, Revenue Recognition, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q.
    Compensation and benefits. Compensation and benefits consists of employee salaries and other employment related costs, including health insurance expenses and contributions related to our employee retirement plan. Compensation and benefits expense increased $5,673 due to the impact of a full quarter of RMR Residential’s operations following our MPC acquisition in December 2023, partially offset by cost containment measures that included headcount reductions over the last twelve months.
    Equity based compensation. Equity based compensation consists of the value of vested shares awarded to certain of our employees under our and our clients’ equity compensation plans. We record an equal offsetting amount as reimbursable equity based compensation revenue for the value of awards under our clients’ equity compensation plans to certain of our employees. Equity based compensation decreased $1,797 primarily as a result of decreases in certain of our clients’ respective share prices.
    Separation costs. Separation costs consists of employment termination costs. For further information about these costs, see Note 10, Related Person Transactions, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q.
    General and administrative. General and administrative expenses consists of office related expenses, information technology related expenses, employee training, travel, professional services expenses, director compensation and other administrative expenses. General and administrative costs increased $1,323 primarily due to the incremental costs generated by RMR Residential and other professional fees, partially offset by decreases in third party construction supervision fees.
    Rental property expenses. Rental property expenses includes property operating expenses, such as real estate taxes, repairs and maintenance and utility costs incurred at our owned properties. Rental property expenses increased $743 primarily due to our acquisition of a property in Denver, CO in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2024.
    Transaction and acquisition related costs. Transaction and acquisition related costs primarily represent costs associated with our acquisition of MPC and related integration expenses.
    Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization increased $3,158 primarily due to full period amortization of MPC acquisition related intangible assets and depreciation of our owned properties in the current fiscal period.
    Interest income. Interest income decreased $3,098 due to a lower amount of investable cash and lower average interest rates during the current fiscal period compared to the prior period.
    Interest expense. Interest expense increased $1,479 primarily due to a mortgage note encumbering our owned property in Denver, CO, which was acquired in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2024.
    Change in fair value of Earnout liability. For further information about the Earnout liability, see Note 9. Fair Value of Financial Instruments to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
    (Loss) gain on investments. (Loss) gain on investments represents the unrealized and realized gains or losses on our investment in SEVN common shares and on our consolidation of Carroll MF VII, LLC’s, or MF VII, investment in Carroll
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    Multifamily Venture VII, LP, or Fund VII. For further information, see Note 7, Investments, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
    Gain on sale of real estate. We recorded a $445 gain on sale of real estate resulting from the sale of one property during the current fiscal period.
    Income tax expense. The decrease in income tax expense of $904 is primarily attributable to lower taxable income.
    LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
    Our current assets have historically been comprised predominantly of cash, cash equivalents and receivables for business management, property management and advisory services fees. As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $137,186 and $141,599, respectively, of which $21,317 and $23,189, respectively, was held by RMR Inc., with the remainder being held at RMR LLC and its subsidiaries. Cash and cash equivalents include all short term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and have original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase. As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024, $82,925 and $92,326, respectively, of our cash and cash equivalents were invested in money market bank accounts.
    We believe that our cash and cash equivalents leave us well positioned to pursue a range of capital allocation strategies, with a focus on the growth of our private capital business, to fund our operations and cash distributions and enhance our technology infrastructure, in the next twelve months. Our experienced platform and existing relationships with institutional investors has provided us with significant opportunities to continue expanding our private capital business. We intend to diversify and further grow our private capital revenues by sponsoring and managing new real estate related investment funds and joint ventures that may invest in the equity of real estate or provide commercial mortgage loans secured by middle market and transitional real estate in the U.S. We anticipate that using our capital for possible formation costs and co-investment in these ventures will diversify our revenues and generate management fees, incentive fees and potential carried interest.
    Our liquidity is highly dependent upon our receipt of fees from the businesses we manage. Historically, we have funded our working capital needs with cash generated from our operating activities. We expect that our future working capital needs will relate largely to our operating expenses, primarily consisting of employee compensation and benefits costs, our obligation to make quarterly tax distributions to the members of RMR LLC, our plan to make quarterly distributions on our Class A Common Shares and Class B-1 Common Shares and our plan to pay quarterly distributions to the members of RMR LLC in connection with the quarterly dividends to RMR Inc. shareholders.
    In January 2025, we entered into a credit agreement, or our credit agreement, for a $100,000 senior secured revolving credit facility, or our revolving credit facility. Our revolving credit facility is secured by substantially all of our assets and provides us with enhanced financial flexibility as we continue to invest in our private capital business and position ourselves to capitalize on long term growth opportunities. We can borrow, repay and reborrow funds available under our revolving credit facility until maturity, and no principal repayments on borrowings under our credit agreement are due until maturity. The maturity date of our credit agreement is January 22, 2028 and, subject to the payment of an extension fee and meeting certain other requirements, we can extend the maturity date of our revolving credit facility by one year. Interest is payable on borrowings under our credit agreement at a rate of SOFR plus a margin of 225 basis points. We are also required to pay a fee of 50 basis points per annum on the amount of unused lending commitments. Our credit agreement contains a number of covenants, including covenants that require us to maintain certain financial ratios and restrict our ability to incur additional debt in excess of calculated amounts. Availability of borrowings under our credit agreement is subject to ongoing minimum performance, our satisfying certain financial covenants and other credit facility conditions. As of April 30, 2025, we had no amounts outstanding.
    Cash Flows
    The $2,978 increase in net cash flows provided by operating activities for the six months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the prior period reflects favorable changes in working capital, partially offset by a decrease in net income. The $69,512 decrease in net cash flows used in investing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the prior period was due to our acquisition of MPC in the prior period. Net cash flows used in financing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2025 was relatively unchanged compared to the prior period.
    As of March 31, 2025, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements that have had or that we expect would be reasonably likely to have a material effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
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    Tax Receivable Agreement
    We are party to a tax receivable agreement which provides for the payment by RMR Inc. to ABP Trust of 85.0% of the amount of savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax or franchise tax that RMR Inc. realizes as a result of (a) the increases in tax basis attributable to RMR Inc.’s dealings with ABP Trust and (b) tax benefits related to imputed interest deemed to be paid by it as a result of the tax receivable agreement. See Note 10, Related Person Transactions, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and “Business—Our Organizational Structure—tax receivable agreement” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019. As of March 31, 2025, our condensed consolidated balance sheet reflects a liability related to the tax receivable agreement of 20,863, of which we expect to pay 2,421 to ABP Trust during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025. 
    Market Risk and Credit Risk
    We have not invested in derivative instruments, borrowed through issuing debt securities or transacted in foreign currencies. As of March 31, 2025, our floating rate debt consisted of our purchased assets, which are governed by our master repurchase agreement with UBS AG, or UBS, or our UBS Master Repurchase Agreement and directly relate to our underlying loans held for investment. We are required to pay interest on our floating rate debt at a rate of SOFR plus a premium and earn interest on our underlying loans held for investment at a rate of SOFR plus a premium that is in excess of the premium paid on our floating rate debt. Changes in market interest rates would not impact the fixed spread that we earn between our purchased assets and our loans held for investment. As a result, we are not subject to significant direct market risk related to interest rate changes, changes to the market standard for determining interest rates, or commodity price changes; however, if any of these risks were to negatively impact our clients’ businesses or market capitalization, our revenues would likely decline. We are subject to the credit risk of our borrowers in connection with our loans held for investment. We seek to mitigate this risk by utilizing a comprehensive underwriting, diligence and investment selection process and by ongoing monitoring of our investments. Nevertheless, unanticipated credit losses could occur that may adversely impact our operating results.
    In January 2025, we entered into our credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility. Interest payable on borrowings under our credit agreement is at a rate of SOFR plus a margin of 225 basis points. Accordingly, we may be vulnerable to changes in U.S. dollar based short term rates, specifically SOFR. Generally, a change in interest rates would not affect the value of our floating rate debt but would affect our operating results. As of April 30, 2025, we had no amounts outstanding.
    To the extent we change our approach on the foregoing activities, or engage in other activities, our market and credit risks could change. See Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our 2024 Annual Report for the risks to us and our clients.
    Risks Related to Cash and Short Term Investments
    Our cash and cash equivalents include short term, highly liquid investments readily convertible to known amounts of cash that have original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase. We invest a substantial amount of our cash in money market bank accounts. The majority of our cash is maintained in U.S. bank accounts. Some U.S. bank account balances exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limit. We believe our cash and short term investments are not subject to any material interest rate risk, equity price risk, credit risk or other market risk.
    Related Person Transactions
    We have relationships and historical and continuing transactions with Adam Portnoy, the Chair of our Board and one of our Managing Directors, as well as our clients. For further information about these and other such relationships and related person transactions, please see Note 10, Related Person Transactions, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our 2024 Annual Report, our definitive Proxy Statement for our 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and our other filings with the SEC. In addition, see the section captioned “Risk Factors” in our 2024 Annual Report for a description of risks that may arise as a result of these and other related person transactions and relationships. We may engage in additional transactions with related persons, including businesses to which RMR LLC or its subsidiaries provide management services.
    Critical Accounting Estimates
    The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates that impact the condensed consolidated financial statements include the revenue recognized during the reporting periods, the estimation of fair values and our principles of consolidation.
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    A discussion of our critical accounting estimates is included in our 2024 Annual Report. There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting estimates since the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024.
    Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
    Quantitative and Qualitative disclosures about market risk are set forth above in “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation—Market Risk and Credit Risk.”
    Item 4. Controls and Procedures
    As of the end of the period covered by this report, our management carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based upon that evaluation, our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
    There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
    WARNING CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
    This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other securities laws that are subject to risks and uncertainties. These statements may include words such as “believe”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “intend”, “plan”, “estimate”, “will”, “opportunity”, “may”, “positioned”, “potential” and negatives or derivatives of these or similar expressions. These forward-looking statements include, among others, statements about: our business strategy; economic and industry conditions; the impact and opportunities for our and our clients’ businesses from business cycles in the U.S. real estate industry as well as economic and industry conditions; our belief that it is possible to grow real estate based businesses in selected property types or geographic areas despite general national trends; our liquidity, including its sufficiency to pursue a range of capital allocation strategies and fund our operations and enhance our technology infrastructure and risk exposure; and our sustainability practices.
    Forward-looking statements reflect our current expectations, are based on judgments and assumptions, are inherently uncertain and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, which could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from expected future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied in those forward-looking statements. Some of the risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following:
    •The dependence of our revenues on a limited number of clients,
    •The variability of our revenues,
    •Risks related to supply chain constraints, commodity pricing and inflation, including inflation impacting wages and employee benefits,
    •Changing market conditions, practices and trends, which may adversely impact our clients and the fees we receive from them,
    •Potential terminations of the management agreements with our clients,
    •Uncertainty surrounding interest rates and sustained high interest rates, which may impact our clients and significantly reduce our revenues or impede our growth,
    •Our dependence on the growth and performance of our clients,
    •Our ability to obtain or create new clients for our business which is often dependent on circumstances beyond our control,
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    •The ability of our clients to operate their businesses profitably, optimize their capital structures, comply with the terms of their debt agreements and financial covenants and to grow and increase their market capitalizations and total shareholder returns,
    •Our ability to successfully provide management services to our clients,
    •Our ability to maintain or increase the distributions we pay to our shareholders,
    •Our ability to successfully pursue and execute capital allocation and new business strategies,
    •Our ability to prudently invest in our business to enhance our operations, services and competitive positioning,
    •Our ability to successfully grow the RMR Residential business and realize our expected returns on our investment within the anticipated timeframe,
    •Our ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses and realize our expected returns on our investments,
    •The ability of Tremont to identify and close suitable investments for our private capital debt vehicle, or our Real Estate Lending Venture, and SEVN and to monitor, service and administer existing investments,
    •Our ability to obtain additional capital from third party investors in our Real Estate Lending Venture in order to make additional investments and to increase potential returns,
    •Changes to our operating leverage or client diversity,
    •Risks related to the security of our network and information technology,
    •Litigation risks,
    •Risks related to acquisitions, dispositions and other activities by or among our clients,
    •Allegations, even if untrue, of any conflicts of interest arising from our management activities,
    •Our ability to retain the services of our managing directors and other key personnel,
    •Our and our clients’ risks associated with our and our clients’ costs of compliance with laws and regulations, including securities regulations, exchange listing standards and other laws and regulations affecting public companies, and
    •Other matters.
    These risks, uncertainties and other factors are not exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with other cautionary statements that are included in our periodic filings. The information contained in our filings with the SEC, including under the caption “Risk Factors” in our periodic reports, or incorporated therein, identifies important factors that could cause differences from the forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our filings with the SEC are available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
    You should not place undue reliance upon our forward-looking statements.
    Except as required by law, we do not intend to update or change any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
    Part II. Other Information
    Item 1A. Risk Factors
    There have been no material changes to the risk factors from those we previously provided in our 2024 Annual Report.
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    Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
    Issuer purchases of equity securities.
    The following table provides information about our purchases of our equity securities during the quarter ended March 31, 2025:
    Maximum
    Total Number ofApproximate Dollar
    Shares PurchasedValue of Shares that
    Number ofAverageas Part of PubliclyMay Yet Be Purchased
    SharesPrice PaidAnnounced PlansUnder the Plans or
    Calendar Month
    Purchased (1)
    per Shareor ProgramsPrograms
    March 1 - March 31, 20251,377 $16.70 N/AN/A
    Total1,377 $16.70 N/AN/A
    (1)These Class A Common Share withholdings and purchases were made to satisfy tax withholding and payment obligations in connection with the vesting of awards of our Class A Common Shares. We withheld and purchased these shares at their fair market values based upon the trading prices of our Class A Common Shares at the close of trading on Nasdaq on the purchase dates.
    Item 5. Other Information
    On May 2, 2025, the Board, accepting the recommendation of the Compensation Committee of the Board (the “Compensation Committee”), adopted the RMR Residential Promote Program (the “Promote Program”). The purpose of the Promote Program is to enable RMR LLC and its subsidiaries to attract, retain and incentivize senior level employees, advisors and other service providers of RMR LLC and its subsidiaries and to enable such individuals to acquire an interest in a share of the income and distributions related to certain investments by RMR Residential and to otherwise participate in the long-term growth and financial success of RMR Residential. Fifty percent of the pool of distributions from each selected investment will be allocated to a subsidiary of RMR LLC, and fifty percent of the pool will be available for participants in the Promote Program. Each participant in the Promote Program will be allocated a percentage of the aggregate interests available to participants for the applicable RMR Residential investment and will become a member of RMR Employee Carry Holdco LLC, a Delaware limited liability company managed by RMR LLC (“RMR Employee Carry”), which will hold indirect interests in certain investments made by RMR Residential.
    Each participant in the Promote Program will execute an individual participation agreement (a “Participation Agreement”) that sets forth the terms and conditions of the Promote Program, including without limitation, such participant’s obligation to make a capital contribution to RMR Employee Carry in respect of the applicable RMR Residential investment and a four year service-based vesting schedule. The Participation Agreement will provide the percentage of the distributions from RMR Employee Carry that a participant will be entitled to receive, subject to adjustment as set forth in the RMR Employee Carry Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated as of May 2, 2025, (the “RMR Employee Carry LLC Agreement”). The Participation Agreement also contains certain restrictive covenants, including among others, non-solicitation and non-disparagement, and provides that interests are subject to forfeiture in certain circumstances, including without limitation, breach of covenants or termination of employment for cause. Pursuant to the RMR Employee Carry LLC Agreement, if a participant is no longer employed by or affiliated with RMR LLC or its subsidiaries or affiliates, then the non-vested portion of such participant’s interests under the Promote Program will be forfeited and the vested portion will be converted to a non-voting economic interest.
    The Promote Program will be administered by RMR LLC which will have authority to determine the participants and the respective amounts of such participants’ interests under the Promote Program, other than with respect to any of the Company’s named executive officers whose respective allocations under the Promote Program will be determined by the Compensation Committee.
    On May 2, 2025, pursuant to the Promote Program, the Compensation Committee set (i) an allocation of up to 6.5% of the aggregate participants’ interests in each RMR Residential investment for each of Adam Portnoy, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer and Matthew P. Jordan, the Company’s Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer and (ii) an allocation of up to 2.0% of the aggregate participants’ interests in each RMR Residential investment for Christopher J. Bilotto, an Executive Vice President of the Company, and for each other named executive officer of the Company who participates in the Promote Program, in each case subject to the terms and conditions of the respective Participation Agreements.
    39

    Table of Contents
    The foregoing summary of the Promote Program is qualified in its entirety by reference to the form of Participation Agreement and the Excerpt of Certain Provisions from the RMR Employee Carry LLC Agreement, a copy of each of which is filed as Exhibit 10.4 and Exhibit 10.5, respectively, attached hereto.
    Item 6. Exhibits
    Exhibit
    Number
    Description
    3.1
    Articles of Amendment and Restatement of the Registrant. (Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-207423) filed with the SEC on October 14, 2015.)
    3.2
    Articles of Amendment, filed July 30, 2015. (Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-207423) filed with the SEC on October 14, 2015.)
    3.3
    Articles of Amendment, filed September 11, 2015. (Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-207423) filed with the SEC on October 14, 2015.)
    3.4
    Articles of Amendment, filed March 9, 2016. (Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-37616) filed with the SEC on March 11, 2016.)
    3.5
    Articles of Amendment, filed November 14, 2022. (Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-37616) filed with the SEC on November 14, 2022.)
    3.6
    Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant adopted June 11, 2024. (Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-37616) filed with the SEC on June 11, 2024.)
    3.7
    Articles of Amendment, filed December 19, 2024. (Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-37616) filed with the SEC on December 19, 2024.)
    4.1
    Form of The RMR Group Inc. Share Certificate for Class A Common Stock. (Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-207423) filed with the SEC on November 2, 2015.)
    4.2
    Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of June 5, 2015, by and between the Registrant and ABP Trust (formerly known as Reit Management and Research Trust). (Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-207423) filed with the SEC on October 14, 2015.)
    10.1
    Credit Agreement, dated as of January 22, 2025, among The RMR Group LLC, The RMR Group Inc., RMR Residential Management Group LLC, the lenders party thereto and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and as collateral agent (Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-37616) filed with the SEC on January 23, 2025.)
    10.2
    Letter Agreement, dated as of February 5, 2025, by and among The RMR Group LLC and Jennifer B. Clark (+) (Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-37616) filed with the SEC on February 5, 2025.)
    10.3
    The RMR Group Inc. Second Amended and Restated 2016 Omnibus Equity Plan. (+) (Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-37616) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commissions on March 27, 2025.)
    10.4
    Form of Participation Agreement. (+) (Filed herewith.)
    10.5
    Excerpt of Certain Provisions from the RMR Employee Carry LLC Agreement. (+) (Filed herewith.)
    31.1
    Rule 13a-14(a) Certification. (Filed herewith.)
    31.2
    Rule 13a-14(a) Certification. (Filed herewith.)
    32.1
    Section 1350 Certification. (Furnished herewith.)
    101.INSXBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
    101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. (Filed herewith.)
    101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. (Filed herewith.)
    101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. (Filed herewith.)
    101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. (Filed herewith.)
    101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. (Filed herewith.)
    104Cover Page Interactive Data File. (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.)
    (+) Contract with management or compensatory plan or arrangement.
    40

    Table of Contents
    SIGNATURES
    Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
     By:/s/ Matthew P. Jordan
    Matthew P. Jordan
    Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (principal financial officer and principal accounting officer)
    Date: May 6, 2025
     

    41
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